R H是目前44个人类红细胞血型系统中除ABO血型外,最复杂、最富多态性的血型系统,D抗原是其中免疫原性最强的,红细胞上无D抗原为RHD阴性(简称RH-)血型。RH-人群的比例差异较大,欧美人群约占15-17%,非洲人群约占3-10%,我国及其他东南亚人...R H是目前44个人类红细胞血型系统中除ABO血型外,最复杂、最富多态性的血型系统,D抗原是其中免疫原性最强的,红细胞上无D抗原为RHD阴性(简称RH-)血型。RH-人群的比例差异较大,欧美人群约占15-17%,非洲人群约占3-10%,我国及其他东南亚人群比例少约占0.3-0.4%。RH-在我国虽属稀有血型,但根据其人群的分布特点和遗传规律,我国的RH-孕妇分娩RH+胎儿的概率反而极高;且随着我国近年来多胎生育政策的逐步开放,RH-妇女再次妊娠率逐年增加,RH-血的用血需求也相应增加。上述情况增加了母婴RH血型不合的风险,进而增加了胎儿/新生儿免疫溶血性疾病 (简称HDFN)的风险,HDFN发病早、进展快、病情严重、并发症风险高,严重威胁围产儿的生命健康、影响患儿远期生活质量,因此规范RH-孕产妇的围孕期管理尤为重要。但目前我国尚无统一、权威的管理指南,故本文综合了国内外相关文献,总结了围产保健方向的RH-孕产妇的围孕期管理规范要点,供临床产科医生参考,以降低HDFN发生率、围产儿死亡率、提高母婴保健质量。展开更多
Summary: The efficiency of cold storage red blood cells (CSRBC) or whole blood at -80 ℃ used in 27 Rh(D) negative patients during surgical operation was reported. The Rh(D) negative patients received the transfusion...Summary: The efficiency of cold storage red blood cells (CSRBC) or whole blood at -80 ℃ used in 27 Rh(D) negative patients during surgical operation was reported. The Rh(D) negative patients received the transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood stored at -80 ℃ for 180 to 360 days. The changes in the indexes, such as blood TB, DB, K +, Na +, BUN, Cr, urine protein (URPO), UOB, Hb, HCT, serum total protein, relative to hemolytic reaction and blood volume before and after transfusion were observed. The results showed that after transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood 27 cases were negative for urine protein and UOB, and the levels of BUN and Cr were normal (P>0.05). Blood TB, DB, Hb, and HCT were increased, while pH, blood K + and blood Na + was normal with the difference being not significant before and after operation (P>0.05). Plasma protein was decreased, but there was no significant difference before and after operation (P>0.05). It was suggested that CSRBC or whole blood at -80 ℃ could be safely infused to the Rh(D) negative patients without side effects during the surgical operation.展开更多
目的分析1例胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)产生的原因,初步探讨产妇Rh缺失型D--形成的遗传背景。方法使用血清学方法对患儿及其母亲进行ABO血型、Rh分型,血液抗体细胞,谱细胞分析,探讨导致胎儿溶...目的分析1例胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)产生的原因,初步探讨产妇Rh缺失型D--形成的遗传背景。方法使用血清学方法对患儿及其母亲进行ABO血型、Rh分型,血液抗体细胞,谱细胞分析,探讨导致胎儿溶血的抗体以及Rh缺失型D--的血型血清学特点,对产妇进行RH基因序列分析。结果患儿母亲血型为O型,血清学试验结果显示Rh缺失型D--,怀疑为多次妊娠产生针对Rh高频抗原的抗-Hr0,抗体通过胎盘屏障,使患儿获得针对Rh高频抗原的抗-Hr0,导致HDFN,基因检测结果为RHCE^(*)Ce/RHCE^(*)Ce。结论对产妇开展Rh缺失型D--的形成机制进行深入研究,为HDFN换血治疗提供临床价值,也为特殊血型人群输血提供临床依据。展开更多
Heterostructures of van der Waals(vdW)ferromagnetic materials have become a focal point in research of lowdimensional spintronic devices.The current direction in spin valves is commonly perpendicular to the plane(CPP)...Heterostructures of van der Waals(vdW)ferromagnetic materials have become a focal point in research of lowdimensional spintronic devices.The current direction in spin valves is commonly perpendicular to the plane(CPP).However,the transport properties of the CPP mode remain largely unexplored.In this work,current-in-plane(CIP)mode and CPP mode for CrTe_(2) thin films are carefully studied.The temperature-dependent longitudinal resistance transitions from metallic(CIP)to semiconductor behavior(CPP),with the electrical resistivity of CPP increased by five orders of magnitude.More importantly,the transport properties of the CPP can be categorized into a single-gap tunneling-through model with the activation energy(Ea)of1.34 meV/gap at 300–150 K,the variable range hopping model with a linear negative magnetoresistance at 150–20 K,and weak localization region with a nonlinear magnetic resistance below 20 K.This study explores the vertical transport in CrTe_(2) materials for the first time,contributing to understand its unique properties and to pave the way for its potential in spin valve devices.展开更多
In order to predict the damage behaviours of 3D-printed continuous carbon fibre(CCF)reinforced composites,when additional short carbon fibre(SCF)composite components are employed for continuous printing or special fun...In order to predict the damage behaviours of 3D-printed continuous carbon fibre(CCF)reinforced composites,when additional short carbon fibre(SCF)composite components are employed for continuous printing or special functionality,a novel path-dependent progressive failure(PDPF)numerical approach is developed.First,a progressive failure model using Hashin failure criteria with continuum damage mechanics to account for the damage initiation and evaluation of 3D-printed CCF reinforced polyamide(PA)composites is developed,based on actual fibre placement trajectories with physical measurements of 3D-printed CCF/PA constituents.Meanwhile,an elastic-plastic model is employed to predict the plastic damage behaviours of SCF/PA parts.Then,the accuracy of the PDPF model was validated so as to study 3D-printed CCF/PA composites with either negative Poisson's ratio or high stiffness.The results demonstrate that the proposed PDPF model can achieve higher prediction accuracies in mechanical properties of these 3D-printed CCF/PA composites.Mechanism analyses show that the stress distribution is generally aggregated in the CCF areas along the fibre placement paths,and the shear damage and matrix tensile/compressive damage are the key damage modes.This study provides a new approach with valuable information for characterising complex 3D-printed continuous fibre-matrix composites with variable mechanical properties and multiple constituents.展开更多
文摘Summary: The efficiency of cold storage red blood cells (CSRBC) or whole blood at -80 ℃ used in 27 Rh(D) negative patients during surgical operation was reported. The Rh(D) negative patients received the transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood stored at -80 ℃ for 180 to 360 days. The changes in the indexes, such as blood TB, DB, K +, Na +, BUN, Cr, urine protein (URPO), UOB, Hb, HCT, serum total protein, relative to hemolytic reaction and blood volume before and after transfusion were observed. The results showed that after transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood 27 cases were negative for urine protein and UOB, and the levels of BUN and Cr were normal (P>0.05). Blood TB, DB, Hb, and HCT were increased, while pH, blood K + and blood Na + was normal with the difference being not significant before and after operation (P>0.05). Plasma protein was decreased, but there was no significant difference before and after operation (P>0.05). It was suggested that CSRBC or whole blood at -80 ℃ could be safely infused to the Rh(D) negative patients without side effects during the surgical operation.
文摘目的分析1例胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)产生的原因,初步探讨产妇Rh缺失型D--形成的遗传背景。方法使用血清学方法对患儿及其母亲进行ABO血型、Rh分型,血液抗体细胞,谱细胞分析,探讨导致胎儿溶血的抗体以及Rh缺失型D--的血型血清学特点,对产妇进行RH基因序列分析。结果患儿母亲血型为O型,血清学试验结果显示Rh缺失型D--,怀疑为多次妊娠产生针对Rh高频抗原的抗-Hr0,抗体通过胎盘屏障,使患儿获得针对Rh高频抗原的抗-Hr0,导致HDFN,基因检测结果为RHCE^(*)Ce/RHCE^(*)Ce。结论对产妇开展Rh缺失型D--的形成机制进行深入研究,为HDFN换血治疗提供临床价值,也为特殊血型人群输血提供临床依据。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12241403 and 61974061)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant No.BK20140054).
文摘Heterostructures of van der Waals(vdW)ferromagnetic materials have become a focal point in research of lowdimensional spintronic devices.The current direction in spin valves is commonly perpendicular to the plane(CPP).However,the transport properties of the CPP mode remain largely unexplored.In this work,current-in-plane(CIP)mode and CPP mode for CrTe_(2) thin films are carefully studied.The temperature-dependent longitudinal resistance transitions from metallic(CIP)to semiconductor behavior(CPP),with the electrical resistivity of CPP increased by five orders of magnitude.More importantly,the transport properties of the CPP can be categorized into a single-gap tunneling-through model with the activation energy(Ea)of1.34 meV/gap at 300–150 K,the variable range hopping model with a linear negative magnetoresistance at 150–20 K,and weak localization region with a nonlinear magnetic resistance below 20 K.This study explores the vertical transport in CrTe_(2) materials for the first time,contributing to understand its unique properties and to pave the way for its potential in spin valve devices.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12302177)Guangdong Provincial Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of China (Grant No.2024A1515010203)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program of China (Grant No.JCYJ20230807093602005)Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing for Continuous Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composites of China (Grant No.ZDSYS20220527171404011)。
文摘In order to predict the damage behaviours of 3D-printed continuous carbon fibre(CCF)reinforced composites,when additional short carbon fibre(SCF)composite components are employed for continuous printing or special functionality,a novel path-dependent progressive failure(PDPF)numerical approach is developed.First,a progressive failure model using Hashin failure criteria with continuum damage mechanics to account for the damage initiation and evaluation of 3D-printed CCF reinforced polyamide(PA)composites is developed,based on actual fibre placement trajectories with physical measurements of 3D-printed CCF/PA constituents.Meanwhile,an elastic-plastic model is employed to predict the plastic damage behaviours of SCF/PA parts.Then,the accuracy of the PDPF model was validated so as to study 3D-printed CCF/PA composites with either negative Poisson's ratio or high stiffness.The results demonstrate that the proposed PDPF model can achieve higher prediction accuracies in mechanical properties of these 3D-printed CCF/PA composites.Mechanism analyses show that the stress distribution is generally aggregated in the CCF areas along the fibre placement paths,and the shear damage and matrix tensile/compressive damage are the key damage modes.This study provides a new approach with valuable information for characterising complex 3D-printed continuous fibre-matrix composites with variable mechanical properties and multiple constituents.
