Correlation Analysis Between Changes of D-Dimer Level and Rheumatoid Arthritis Complicated with Interstitial Lung Disease

Objective:To explore the correlation between the change of D-dimer level and rheumatoid arthritis complicated with interstitial lung disease.Methods:From January 2022 to February 2024,20 rheumatoid arthritis patients complicated with interstitial lung disease(interstitial lung disease group),20 rheumatoid arthritis patients without interstitial lung disease(without interstitial lung disease group),and 20 healthy people(control group)in Xijing Hospital were selected for this study.The fasting venous blood of the three groups of subjects was collected and their D-dimer,C-reactive protein(CRP),rheumatoid factor(RF),and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)were detected.Subsequently,the correlation between each index and rheumatoid arthritis complicated with interstitial lung disease was analyzed.Results:The D-dimer level of the interstitial lung disease group was significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The D-dimer level of the group without interstitial lung disease was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).CRP levels in the interstitial lung disease group and the group without interstitial lung disease were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The ESR and RF levels of the interstitial lung disease group were significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The levels of ESR and RF levels of the group without interstitial lung disease were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:D-dimer levels of rheumatoid arthritis patients are higher than those of healthy individuals,and those complicated with interstitial lung disease present even higher levels.This finding shows that there is a correlation between D-dimer levels and rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease,which may facilitate the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease.

Blood glucose changes surrounding initiation of tumor-necrosis factor inhibitors and conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in veterans with rheumatoid arthritis

AIM To determine the scope of acute hypoglycemic effects for certain anti-rheumatic medications in a large retrospective observational study. METHODS Patients enrolled in the Veterans Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis (VARA) registry were selected who, during follow-up, initiated treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi's, including etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab, or certolizumab), prednisone, or conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs(DMARDs), and for whom proximate random blood glucose (RBG) measurements were available within a window 2-wk prior to, and 6 mo following, medication initiation. Similar data were obtained for patients with proximate values available for glycosylated hemoglobin A1C values within a window 2 mo preceding, and 12 mo following, medication initiation. RBG and A1C measurements were compared before and after initiation events using paired t-tests, and multivariate regression analysis was performed including established comorbidities and demographics.RESULTS Two thousands one hundred and eleven patients contributed at least one proximate measurement surrounding the initiation of any examined medication. A significant decrease in RBG was noted surrounding 653 individual hydroxychloroquine-initiation events(-3.68 mg/dL, P = 0.04), while an increase was noted for RBG surrounding 665 prednisone-initiation events(+5.85 mg/d L, P < 0.01). A statistically significant decrease in A1C was noted for sulfasalazine initiation, as measured by 49 individual initiation events(-0.70%, P < 0.01). Multivariate regression analyses, using methotrexate as the referent, suggest sulfasalazine (β =-0.58, P = 0.01) and hydroxychloroquine(β =-5.78, P = 0.01) use as predictors of lower post-medicationinitiation RBG and A1C values, respectively. Analysis by drug class suggested prednisone (or glucocorticoids) as predictive of higher medication-initiation event RBG among all start events as compared to DMARDs, while this analysis did not show any drug class-level effect for TNFi. A diagnosis of congestive heart failure(β = 4.69, P = 0.03) was predictive for higher post-initiation RBG values among all medication-initiation events.CONCLUSION No statistically significant hypoglycemic effects surrounding TNFi initiation were observed in this large cohort. Sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine may have epidemiologically significant acute hypoglycemic effects.

Low rates of adherence for tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors in Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis: Results of a systematic review

AIM:To investigate adherence rates in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-inhibitors in Crohn's disease (CD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by systematic review of medical literature. METHODS:A structured search of PubMed between 2001 and 2011 was conducted to identify publications that assessed treatment with TNF-α inhibitors providing data about adherence in CD and RA. Therapeutic agents of interest where adalimumab, infliximab and etanercept, since these are most commonly used for both diseases. Studies assessing only drug survival or continuation rates were excluded. Data describing adherence with TNF-α inhibitors were extracted for each selected study. Given the large variation between definitions of measurement of adherence, the definitions as used by the authors where used in our calculations. Data were tabulated and also presented descriptively. Sample size-weighted pooled proportions of patients adherent to therapy and their 95%CI were calculated.To compare adherence between infliximab, adalimumab and etanercept, the adherence rates where graphed alongside two axes. Possible determinants of adherence were extracted from the selected studies and tabulated using the presented OR. RESULTS:Three studies on CD and three on RA were identified, involving a total of 8147 patients (953 CD and 7194 RA). We identified considerable variation in the definitions and methodologies of measuring adherence between studies. The calculated overall sample size-weighted pooled proportion for adherence to TNF-α inhibitors in CD was 70% (95%CI:67%-73%) and 59% in RA (95%CI:58%-60%). In CD the adherence rate for infliximab (72%) was highercompared to adalimumab (55%), with a relative risk of 1.61 (95%CI:1.27-2.03), whereas in RA adherence for adalimumab (67%) was higher compared to both infliximab (48%) and etanercept (59%), with a relative risk of 1.41 (95%CI:1.3-1.52) and 1.13 (95%CI:1.10-1.18) respectively. In comparative studies in RA adherence to infliximab was better than etanercept and etanercept did better than adalimumab. In three studies, the most consistent factor associated with lower adherence was female gender. Results for age, immunomodulator use and prior TNF-α inhibitors use were conflicting. CONCLUSION:One-third of both CD and RA patients treated with TNF-α inhibitors are non-adherent. Female gender was consistently identified as a negative determinant of adherence.

Interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis:Current concepts in pathogenesis,diagnosis and therapeutics

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is the most common chronic autoimmune inflammatory joint disease. RA-associated interstitial lung disease(RA-ILD) is a major extraarticular complication and causes symptoms that lead to a deterioration in the quality of life, high utilization of health resources, and an increased risk of earlier mortality. Early in the course of RA-ILD, symptoms are highly variable, making the diagnosis difficult. Therefore, a rational diagnostic strategy that combines an adequate clinical assessment with the appropriate use of clinical tests, including pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography, should be used. In special cases, lung biopsy or bronchioalveolar lavage should be performed to achieve an early diagnosis. Several distinct histopathological subtypes of RA-ILD are currently recognized. These subtypes also have different clinical presentations, which vary in therapeutic response and prognosis. This article reviews current evidence about the epidemiology of RA-ILD and discusses the varying prevalence rates observed in different studies. Additionally, aspects of RA-ILD pathogenesis, including the role of cytokines and other molecules such as autoantibodies, as well as the evidence linking several drugs used to treat RA with lung damage will be discussed. Some aspects of the clinical characteristics of RA-ILD are noted, and diagnostic strategies are reviewed. Finally, this article analyzes current treatments for RA-ILD, including immunosuppressive therapies and biologic agents, as well as other therapeutic modalities. The prognosis of this severe complication of RA is discussed. Additionally, this paper examines updated evidence from studies identifying an association between drugs used for the treatment of RA and the development of ILD.

Changes and clinical significance of serum tumor markers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis combined with interstitial lung disease

Objective: To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum tumor markers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) combined with interstitial lung disease. Methods:A total of 50 healthy volunteers were chosen as the normal control group, 47 patients with rheumatoid arthritis alone were chosen as the RA group, and 28 patients with rheumatoid arthritis combined with interstitial lung disease were chosen as combined disease group. The differences in the levels of serum tumor markers, RA markers and inflammatory mediators were compared among the three groups, and Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation of serum tumor marker levels with RA markers and inflammatory mediators in patients with RA combined with interstitial lung disease. Results: Serum tumor markers CA199, CA153 and CEA levels of combined disease group were higher than those of RA group;RA markers RF and GPI levels were higher than those of RA group whereas CCP and AKA levels were not significantly different from those of RA group;inflammatory mediators HMGB1, GM-CSF, IL-6, IL-17 and IL-27 levels were higher than those of RA group. Correlation analysis showed that serum tumor markers CA199, CA153 and CEA levels in patients with RA combined with interstitial lung disease were positively correlated with RF, GPI, HMGB1, GM-CSF, IL-6, IL-17 and IL-27 levels. Conclusion: Serum tumor markers CA199, CA153 and CEA levels abnormally increase in patients with RA combined with interstitial lung disease, and the specific levels were directly correlated with the disease severity.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude in a Sample of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Association with Disease Activity and Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and disabling disease that has a major impact on the lives of patients. Objectives: To test the patients’ knowledge about their disease, its treatment, its complications, and if this affects severity of the disease as measured by the disease activity index (DAS 28). Patients and Methods: A sample of 100 patients with RA who met the Criteria of American College of Rheumatology for RA agreed to participate in this study over the period September 2011-March 2012. Patients’ data were obtained by personal interview. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics and the patients’ knowledge about their disease. The disease activity was measured using standard (DAS28). Results: Thirty three percent of the patients didn’t have an idea about their disease, 20% didn’t know the reason for the investigations, 49% didn’t know the treatment and 40% didn’t know the side effects of their medications. Most patients had a high disease activity index, and there was a poor correlation between patients’ educational level and the disease activity. Conclusions: Neither the educational level nor the frequency of hospital admissions had effects on the knowledge about this disease. As most patients had a high disease activity, a better knowledge may improve disease control and prevent complications.

Perioperative management of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis

A multidisciplinary approach is required to care for patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA)in the perioperative period.In preparation for surgery,patients must have a cardiovascular risk assessment performed due to the high risk of heart disease in patients with RA.Treatment of RA is with immunomodulatory medications,which present unique challenges for the perioperative period.Currently,there is no consensus on how to manage disease modifying antirheumatic drug(DMARD)therapy in the perioperative setting.Much of the data to guide therapy is based on retrospective cohort data.Choices regarding DMARDs require an individualized approach with collaboration between surgeons and rheumatologists.Consensus regarding biologic therapy is to hold the therapy in the perioperative period with the length of time dictated by the half-life of the medication.Special attention is required at the time of surgery for potential need for stress dose steroids.Further,there must be close communication with anesthesiologists in terms of airway management particularly in light of the risk for cervical spine disease.There are no consensus guidelines regarding the requirement for cervical spine radiographs prior to surgery.However,history and exam alone cannot be relied upon toidentify cervical spine disease.Patients with RA who undergo joint replacement arthroplasty are at higher risk for infection and dislocation compared to patients with osteoarthritis,necessitating particular vigilance in postoperative follow up.This review summarizes available evidence regarding perioperative management of patients with RA.

Is non-biological treatment of rheumatoid arthritis as good as biologics?

The management of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) in the past three decades has undergone a paradigm shift from symptomatic relief to a "treat-to-target" approach. This has been possible through use of various conventional and biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs(DMARDs) which target disease pathogenesis at a molecular level. Cost and infection risk preclude regular use of biologics in resource-constrained settings. In therecent years, evidence has emerged that combination therapy with conventional DMARDs is not inferior to biologics in the management of RA and is a feasible cost-effective option.

Characteristics of Elderly-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients With COVID-19

This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis(EORA)patients with COVID-19.We ret-rospectively enrolled EORA patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from December 2022 through February 2023 and followed them up.Demographic characteristics of the patients and clinical data on COVID-19 were collected,and EORA-related data at the onset of rheu-matoid arthritis and during COVID-19 episodes were evaluated.A total of 102 EORA outpatients were enrolled and stratified into the COVID-19 group(n=60)and the non–COVID-19 group(n=42).In the COVID-19 group,56(93.3%)had symptoms,8(13.3%)had viral pneumonia,and 4(6.7%)developed severe COVID-19.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lack of COVID-19 vac-cination(P=0.016 and P=0.030,respectively)and having interstitial lung disease(P=0.013 and P=0.001,respectively)were inde-pendent risk factors for viral pneumonia and severe COVID-19.Compared with the general population,EORA patients did not show significantly higher susceptibility to COVID-19 or a higher risk of severe COVID-19.However,EORA patients with interstitial lung disease require special consideration during COVID-19 episodes.

Diffuse lung involvement in rheumatoid arthritis:a respiratory physician’s perspective

The lungs are one of the most common extra-articular organs involved in rheumatoid arthritis(RA),which is reported to occur in up to 60%to 80%of RA patients.Respiratory complications are the second leading cause of death due to RA.Although there is a wide spectrum of RA-associated respiratory diseases,interstitial lung disease is the most common manifestation and it impacts the prognosis of RA.There has been progress in understanding the management and progression of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease(RA-ILD)and RA-associated respiratory diseases recently,for example,opportunistic pulmonary infectious diseases and toxicity from RA therapies.From a chest physicians’perspective,we will update the diagnosis and treatment of RA-associated ILD,methotrexate-associated lung disease,and the complication of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in RA in this review.

Collagen vascular disease-associated interstitial lung disease

Interstitial lung disease(ILD) is an important mani-festation of collagen vascular diseases. It is a common feature of scleroderma, and also occurs in dermatomyositis and polymyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. When present, it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, thus making early diagnosis important. In fact, in many patients, ILD may be the first manifestation of a collagen vascular disease. The most common symptoms are cough and dyspnea. The diagnosis is made based on pulmonary function tests showing restrictive lung disease and impaired oxygen diffusion and chest imaging showing ground glass infiltrates, interstitial thickening, and/or fibrosis. The most common histologic finding on lung biopsy is non-specific interstitial pneumonia, though organizing pneumonia and usual interstitial pneumonia may also be seen. Treatment is focused on addressing the underlying collagen vascular disease with immunosuppression, either with corticosteroids or a steroid-sparing agent such as cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, or mycophenolate, although the optimal agent and duration of therapy is not known. There are few clinical trials to guide therapy that focus specifically on the progression of ILD. The exception is in the case of scleroderma-associated ILD, where cyclophosphamide has been shown to be effective.

类风湿关节炎治疗达标率的影响因素

目的:基于智能疾病管理系统分析影响类风湿关节炎治疗达标的因素,为进一步调整慢性病管理策略提供参考。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月—2020年12月在重庆市某三级甲等医院风湿病科接受慢性病管理的471例类风湿关节炎病人,根据是否达标分为达标组和未达标组,收集性别、年龄、病程、是否因药物副作用调整方案、是否规律用药、是否有经济负担、是否受其他疾病影响、是否受行动不便或路途远影响、是否定期复诊等资料,并分析其影响因素。结果:基于智能疾病管理系统对类风湿关节炎病人进行慢性病管理总达标率为57.3%,不同年龄、规律用药、定期复诊病人类风湿关节炎病人治疗达标率不同(P<0.05)。结论:应加强对老年病人的关怀,提高老年病人的依从性,指导病人规律用药和定期复诊有利于提高类风湿关节炎病人治疗的达标率。

血清KL-6水平对类风湿关节炎合并间质性肺病的预测及其与预后的关系

目的:探讨血清KL-6水平对类风湿关节炎(RA)合并间质性肺病(RA-ILD)的预测及其与预后的关系。方法:选取2018年1月至2021年1月内蒙古医科大学附属医院收治的RA患者70例,依据其是否合并间质性肺病(ILD)分为RA-ILD组(34例)和RA组(36例),对两组患者的临床资料进行单因素分析,重点比较两组患者血清中KL-6表达水平及实验室指标、肺功能、影像学等相关性分析,多因素Logistic回归分析影响RA-ILD的危险因素。结果:两组患者性别、吸烟史、年龄及发病年龄、病程、DAS28、KL-6、WBC、UA、RF、抗CCP抗体、TLC%Pred、DLCO%Pred差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);RA-ILD组患者临床症状占比关节痛较为突出,HRCT表现胸膜粘连增厚较为突出;Spearson相关性分析显示,RA-ILD组患者血清KL-6水平与TLC%Pred、VC%Pred、DLCO%Pred呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与RF、抗CCP抗体水平呈显著正相关(P<0.05);与FEV1%Pred、FEV1/FVC无明显相关性(P>0.05);RA-ILD组患者治疗前KL-6表达水平显著高于RA组,治疗后差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);随访1年,RA-ILD组有6例患者死亡,经分析死亡组KL-6表达水平显著高于未死亡组(P<0.05);高龄、男性、吸烟、抗CCP抗体升高及KL-6升高是影响RA-ILD的独立危险因素(P均<0.05);血清KL-6预测ROC曲线下最大面积为0.802,95%置信区间为0.743~0.866,灵敏度、特异度分别为0.853、0.827,联合检测ROC曲线下最大面积为0.854,表明该模型预测能力较强。结论:RA-ILD组患者血清KL-6水平显著升高,KL-6可作为早期发现ILD的血清学指标,联合肺功能检测可更早发现ILD,早期诊断对于治疗及预后有重要意义。

血清肿瘤标志物对类风湿性关节炎相关间质性肺病的诊断价值研究

目的 检测血清肿瘤标志物在类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者中的表达,探讨相关肿瘤标志物对类风湿性关节炎并发间质性肺病(RA-ILD)的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月—2023年4月在安徽中医药大学第一附属医院风湿科住院的101例RA患者的病历资料。根据高分辨率CT(HRCT)确诊RA-ILD患者31例(RA-ILD组),类风湿性关节炎不伴间质性肺病(RA-non-ILD)患者70例(RA-non-ILD组)。收集两组患者的病历资料及抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体(anti-CCP)、类风湿因子(RF)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血细胞沉降率(ESR)等实验室检测数据。采用化学发光法检测甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原125(CA125)、糖类抗原153(CA15-3)、糖类抗原199(CA199)、细胞角蛋白-19片段(CA21-1)和人附睾蛋白4(HE4)的表达。结果RA-ILD组血清RF、CRP、ESR水平均高于RA-non-ILD组(P <0.05)。RA-ILD组血清CA125、HE4水平均高于RA-non-ILD组(P <0.05)。<50岁、50~<60岁、≥60岁RA-non-ILD患者血清HE4水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。全年龄段(35~72岁)RA-ILD组HE4水平高于≥60岁RA-non-ILD组(P <0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线分析结果显示,HE4、CA125、RF、CRP、ESR诊断RA-ILD的最佳截断值分别为42.45 pmol/L、19.85u/mL、112.00KIU/L、18.23mg/L和54.50mm/h,曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.817、0.672、0.668、0.676和0.729,敏感性分别为80.00%、38.71%、64.52%、58.06%和58.06%,特异性分别为74.29%、94.29%、67.14%、77.14%和85.71%。本研究将HE4、CA125分别与RF、CRP、ESR进行联合诊断时发现,HE4与RF、CRP、ESR联合诊断时的AUC为0.874,敏感性和特异性分别为84.29%和80.65%;CA125与RF、CRP、ESR联合诊断时的AUC为0.752,敏感性和特异性分别为74.29%和58.06%。结论 血清肿瘤标志物中HE4对RA-ILD的诊断效能最佳,且与RA活动性指标联合诊断RA-ILD具有良好的临床应用价值。

血清CX3CL1、CCL17与类风湿关节炎相关间质性肺疾病患者肺功能及预后的关系研究

目的分析血清C-X3-C基序趋化因子配体1(CX3CL1)、C-C基序趋化因子配体17(CCL17)与类风湿关节炎相关间质性肺疾病(RA-ILD)患者肺功能及预后的关系。方法选取2017年1月—2018年1月上海中医药大学附属龙华医院风湿科收治RA患者295例,根据是否合并ILD分为ILD组115例和非ILD组180例,根据预后情况将RA-ILD患者分为预后不良亚组和预后良好亚组。检测血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平及肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV_(1)/FVC和肺一氧化碳弥散量(DLCO)]。采用Pearson相关性分析RA-ILD患者血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平与肺功能指标的相关性,多因素Logistic回归分析RA-ILD患者预后不良的影响因素,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平预测RA-ILD患者预后不良的价值。结果与非ILD组比较,ILD组血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平升高,FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC、DLCO降低(t/P=14.359/<0.001、13.855/<0.001、12.015/<0.001、2.732/0.007、14.749/<0.001、14.010/<0.001)。Pearson相关性分析显示,RA-ILD患者血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平与FEV_(1)、FVC、FEV_(1)/FVC、DLCO呈负相关(r=-0.762、-0.711、-0.577、-0.534、-0.707、-0.692、-0.735、-0.672,P均<0.001)。随访5年,115例RA-ILD患者预后不良发生率为46.96%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,普通型间质性肺炎和高分辨率电子计算机断层扫描(HRCT)评分、CX3CL1、CCL17升高为RA-ILD患者预后不良的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=3.745(1.245~11.264)、1.051(1.008~1.095)、1.008(1.003~1.012)、1.037(1.012~1.062)],FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC、DLCO升高为独立保护因素[OR(95%CI)=0.952(0.896~0.988)、0.892(0.867~0.981)、0.857(0.789~0.949)]。ROC曲线分析显示,血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平联合预测RA-ILD患者预后不良的曲线下面积为0.875,大于CX3CL1、CCL17单独预测的0.783、0.788(Z=2.807、2.698,P=0.005、0.007)。结论RA-ILD患者血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平升高,与肺功能降低和预后不良有关,血清CX3CL1、CCL17水平联合检测对RA-ILD患者预后具有较高的预测价值。

基于25⁃羟基维生素D、血清学因子等对老年类风湿性关节炎合并间质性肺疾病Nomogram预测模型的构建和评价

目的基于25-羟基维生素D[25-(OH)D]、血清学因子等构建老年类风湿性关节炎合并间质性肺疾病(RA-ILD)的Nomogram预测模型,并进行模型评价。方法选取2020年5月—2022年10月收治的老年类风湿性关节炎(RA)220例,根据是否合并间质性肺疾病将其分为RA-ILD组(51例)和单纯RA组(169例)2组,比较2组一般资料和实验室相关指标[类风湿因子(RF)、抗环瓜氨酸抗体(anti-CCP)、抗角蛋白抗体(AKA)、类风湿关节炎活动度评分(DAS28)]、25-(OH)D、血清学因子[白细胞介素-33(IL-33)、白细胞介素-35(IL-35)、赖氨酰氧化酶样蛋白-2(LOXL-2)、涎液化糖链抗原-6(KL-6)、基质金属蛋白酶-8(MMP-8)]水平,分析老年RA患者25-(OH)D与各血清学因子的相关性,探讨老年RA-ILD发生的影响因素,根据影响因素、25-(OH)D及血清学因子构建老年RA-ILD的Nomogram预测模型,并对该模型进行评价。结果RA-ILD组和单纯RA组RF、DAS28比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);RA-ILD组25-(OH)D、IL-35、KL-6低于单纯RA组,IL-33、LOXL-2、MMP-8高于单纯RA组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。老年RA患者25-(OH)D与IL-35、KL-6呈正相关,与IL-33、LOXL-2、MMP-8呈负相关(P<0.05)。25-(OH)D、IL-35、KL-6、IL-33、LOXL-2、MMP-8、RF和DAS28均为老年RA-ILD发生的影响因素(P<0.01)。在Nomogram预测模型中直接获取各预测因素对应得分,得分之和对应的预测概率即为该老年患者RA-ILD发生的风险概率,该模型对老年RA-ILD发生具有良好预测效能,且具有良好校准度。结论基于25-(OH)D、血清学因子等构建老年RA-ILD发生的Nomogram预测模型,预测效能较高、校准度良好。

HRCT评分与血清标志物对类风湿关节炎合并肺间质病变的诊断价值

目的:探讨HRCT评分与血清标志物的相关性,为类风湿关节炎合并肺间质病变(RA-ILD)的早期诊断与治疗提供参考。方法:回顾性分析284例RA患者的临床资料和胸部HRCT图像,其中单纯RA 152例,RA-ILD 132例。对2组行HRCT评分和28个关节疾病活动评分(DAS28)。收集2组病情活动指标:血沉(ESR)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、类风湿因子(RF)、抗环瓜氨酸多肽抗体(ACCPA)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、糖类抗原724(CA724)、糖类抗原(CA19-9)、转铁蛋白(FeD)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)及D-二聚体(DDI3)。采用logistic回归分析及ROC曲线分析HRCT评分与各指标相关性,绘制各指标检测的AUC。结果:2组性别、年龄、DAS28、ESR、RF、CEA、CA19-9、HRCT评分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);RA-ILD组患者年龄偏大,DAS28、RF、CEA、CA19-9、HRCT评分更高。多因素logistic回归分析表明,DAS28、RF、CEA、CA19-9可作为RA-ILD的独立预测指标。2组HRCT评分与年龄、DAS28、ESR、CEA、CA19-9、FIB均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。2组胸部HRCT评分及影像学特征比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。HRCT评分、ESR、RF、CA19-9、CEA、DAS28对应的AUC分别为0.762、0.486、0.526、0.786、0.778、0.870,敏感度分别为80.5%、73.2%、63.4%、75.6%、87.8%、80.5%。HRCT评分+RF+CEA+CA19-9、HRCT评分+ESR+DAS28+风湿3项+肿瘤标志物5项+凝血2项的AUC分别为0.947、0.959,敏感度分别为88.3%、82.9%。结论:HRCT评分+RF+CEA+CA19-9对可能存在继发ILD风险的RA患者具有潜在的诊断价值,可提高RA-ILD的早期诊断准确率和敏感度。

关于北京医院老年类风湿关节炎生物分子靶向治疗的调查研究

目的:调查近3年就诊于北京医院的老年类风湿关节炎患者生物靶向制剂使用情况、使用及未使用生物靶向制剂治疗联用激素情况,疾病缓解程度、药物使用依从性,以及药物停用情况。方法:选取2019年6月至2022年6月就诊于北京医院的180例老年类风湿关节炎患者为研究对象,利用院内电子病历系统提取患者的就医信息,包括性别、年龄、病程、实验室检查、药物使用情况,及停药原因,采用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析。结果:①180例老年类风湿关节炎患者中,选择使用生物分子靶向治疗患者51例,药物选择按比例由高到低依次为:肿瘤坏死因子拮抗剂、Janus激酶抑制剂、白细胞介素-6受体拮抗剂。②追踪规律使用生物靶向制剂者25例,统计患者初诊、用药3个月、6个月肿胀及压痛关节数量、C反应蛋白检测结果等,依据SDAI评分计算公式对患者疾病活动程度进行判断,规律使用生物制剂治疗半年后均可达到疾病缓解。③追踪统计未遵医嘱规律进行药物治疗的26例患者停药原因,其中以感染、肿瘤较为多见。④180例患者中,规律生物分子靶向治疗患者中激素使用率较传统改善病情抗风湿药治疗患者明显减低。结论:目前就诊于北京医院的老年类风湿关节炎患者,生物制剂或分子靶向治疗的药物选择主要为肿瘤坏死因子受体拮抗剂;规律使用生物制剂或分子靶向药物可以有效控制疾病,减轻关节肿痛症状,降低疾病活动度;老年类风湿关节炎治疗过程中应注意监测感染及肿瘤风险,并做好患者随访,与患者家属合作积极促进患者规律用药,减少因依从性差所致停药情况。

外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群在类风湿关节炎病情评估中的价值

目的探讨外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群在类风湿关节炎(RA)及合并间质性肺病(ILD)病情评估中的价值。方法回顾性分析2020年6—12月50例住院RA患者的一般资料、外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群检测结果。按28个关节疾病活动度评分(DAS 28)分为高疾病活动度组(DAS 28>5.1分)及中低疾病活动度组(DAS 28≤5.1分)。另根据是否合并ILD,分为未合并ILD(RA-non-ILD)与合并ILD(RA-ILD)组。对比不同分组外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群的差异,并使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群对RA的诊断评估价值。结果与中低疾病活动度组相比,RA高疾病活动度组的血小板-淋巴细胞比值(PLR)较高,淋巴细胞-单核细胞比值、总T淋巴细胞比率、总T淋巴细胞绝对计数、CD8^(+)T细胞及CD4^(+)T细胞绝对计数低于中低疾病活动度组(P<0.05)。PLR评估RA病情活动度的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.722,95%CI为0.579~0.865。RA-non-ILD组与RA-ILD组外周血细胞计数比值及淋巴细胞亚群差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),各指标ROC曲线的AUC也均低于0.7。结论PLR对于RA疾病活动度的区分可能具有一定价值,其他各指标无论对于区分RA疾病活动度还是区分是否合并ILD都没有表现出明显潜力。

类风湿关节炎合并肺间质病变小鼠模型复制与评价

目的 复制小鼠胶原诱导性关节炎(collagen-induced arthritis,CIA)模型、胶原诱导性关节炎联合一次性气管滴注博来霉素诱导肺纤维化(collagen-induced arthritis combined with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model,CIA-BLM)复合模型,并进行两种动物模型的肺间质病变评价。方法 15只DBA-1小鼠随机分为空白组(NC)、模型组(CIA)、复合模型组(CIA-BLM),每组5只。采用足趾肿胀度、关节炎指数(arthritis index,AI)评分、HE染色、马松(Masson)染色、关节及肺部影像学、肺功能等指标对模型进行评价。结果 与NC组比较,CIA、CIA-BLM组小鼠体质量、足趾肿胀度、AI评分均下降(P<0.01)。相比NC组,CIA组及CIA-BLM组小鼠组织病理学均显示肺组织结构异常,肺泡壁增厚,炎性细胞浸润,CIA-BLM组较CIA组小鼠有明显蓝色胶原纤维沉积。微计算机断层扫描技术(micro-computed tomography,Micro-CT)示两个模型组小鼠关节破坏均严重。CIA组小鼠肺部影像学示局部磨玻璃样表现,CIA-BLM组小鼠以絮状影、网格状阴影、支气管牵拉扩张为主要表现。两个模型组小鼠均有肺功能下降。结论 CIA模型和CIA-BLM模型均有关节破坏特点和肺纤维化特征,根据组织病理学、影像学、肺功能检测结果,CIA-BLM模型肺纤维化特征更明显。