In current numerical study,forced flow and heat transfer of water/NDG(Nitrogen-doped graphene)nanofluid in nanoparticles mass fractions(φ)of 0,2%and 4%at Reynolds numbers(Re)of 10,50,100 and 150 are simulated in stea...In current numerical study,forced flow and heat transfer of water/NDG(Nitrogen-doped graphene)nanofluid in nanoparticles mass fractions(φ)of 0,2%and 4%at Reynolds numbers(Re)of 10,50,100 and 150 are simulated in steady states.Studied geometry is a two-dimensional microchannel under the influence of nanofluid jet injection.Temperature of inlet fluid equals with Tc=293 K and hot source of microchannel is under the influence of oscillating heat flux.Also,in this research,the effect of the variations of attack angle of triangular rib(15°,30°,45°and 60°)on laminar nanofluid flow behavior inside the studied rectangular geometry with the ratio of L/H=28 and nanofluid jet injection is investigated.Obtained results indicate that the increase of Reynolds number,nanoparticles mass fraction and attack angle of rib leads to the increase of pressure drop.By increasing fluid viscosity,momentum depreciation of fluid in collusion with microchannel surfaces enhances.Also,the increase of attack angle of rib at higher Reynolds numbers has a great effect on this coefficient.At low Reynolds numbers,due to slow motion of fluid,variations of attack angle of rib,especially in angles of 30°,45°and 60°are almost similar.By increasing fluid velocity,the effect of the variations of attack angle on pressure drop becomes significant and pressure drop figures act differently.In general,by using heat transfer enhancement methods in studied geometry,heat transfer increases almost 25%.展开更多
The heat transfer and pressure loss characteristics on a square channel with two opposite surfaces roughened by high blockage ratio ribs are measured by systematic experiments.Reynolds numbers studied in the channel r...The heat transfer and pressure loss characteristics on a square channel with two opposite surfaces roughened by high blockage ratio ribs are measured by systematic experiments.Reynolds numbers studied in the channel range from 1 400 to 8 000.The ratios of rib height to hydraulic diameter (e/D) are 0.2and 0.33,respectively.The ratio of rib spacing to height (P/e) ranges from 5to 15.The rib orientations in the opposite surfaces are symmetrical and staggered arrangements.The results show that the heat transfer coefficients are increased with the increase of rib height and Reynolds number,though at the cost of higher pressure losses.When the rib spacing to height ratio is 10,it keeps the highest heat transfer coefficient in three kinds of rib spacing to height ratios 5,10 and 15.The heat transfer coefficient of symmetrical arrangement ribs is higher than that of the staggered arrangement ribs,but the pressure loss of the symmetrical arrangement ribs is larger than that of the staggered arrangement ribs.展开更多
目的探讨采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行人工全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的中远期疗效。方法回顾分析2006年10月—2016年5月采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行THA且获完整随访的354例(384髋)髋关节疾病患者临床资料。男171例,女183例;年...目的探讨采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行人工全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的中远期疗效。方法回顾分析2006年10月—2016年5月采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行THA且获完整随访的354例(384髋)髋关节疾病患者临床资料。男171例,女183例;年龄20~82岁,平均53.4岁。单髋324例,双髋30例。关节置换原因:股骨头缺血性坏死151例(159髋),髋关节骨关节炎134例(136髋),类风湿性关节炎43例(43髋),强直性脊柱炎20例(40髋),创伤6例(6髋)。术前患者Harris评分为(42.34±8.89)分。术后采用Harris评分评价髋关节功能;摄X线片判断双下肢是否等长、股骨侧有无透亮带、假体稳定性以及应力遮挡发生情况。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。354例患者均获随访,随访时间2~11年,平均7.4年。末次随访时Harris评分为(80.52±7.61)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=134.804,P=0.000)。术后发生2例(2髋)假体感染,3例(3髋)假体松动,4例(4髋)假体周围骨折,48例(48髋)存在轻到中度大腿疼痛。X线片示76例(78髋)股骨侧存在透亮线以及不同程度应力遮挡。按照Engh等的方法评价假体稳定性,骨长入性稳定364髋,纤维长入性稳定15髋,假体不稳定5髋。25例(25髋)发生股骨柄假体下沉,其中5例患者双下肢长度差异>10 mm。结论采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行THA具有初始稳定性好、骨长入好等优点,术后应力遮挡发生率相对较高,但对假体中远期生存率和疗效无明显影响。展开更多
With the development of aero-engines, the turbine inlet temperature continues to rise. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the turbine blades, cooling structures must be set inside turbine blades to cool ...With the development of aero-engines, the turbine inlet temperature continues to rise. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the turbine blades, cooling structures must be set inside turbine blades to cool them. Heat transfer coefficient and flow resistance are the key parameters to measure the cooling characteristics of internal cooling structures. In this paper, the characteristics of flow resistance in a rotating ribbed channel is presented numerical simulation under different rib spacings, rib angles, and thermal boundary conditions. The results show that, separation and reattachment of fluid between ribs is the key effect of rib spacing on flow resistance. The flow resistance is small when the rib spacing is small, because it's difficult for the fluid to form reattachment between the ribs. With the increase of rib spacing, the reattachment phenomenon is more obvious and the flow resistance increases accordingly. In general,p: e=10 channel has the maximum flow resistance. Secondary flow caused by the ribs is the key factor affecting the flow resistance characteristics with different rib angles. The secondary flow interacts with the main flow and causes flow loss through mixing, thus affecting the flow resistance of the channel. Under static condition, the flow resistance of 60°ribbed channel is the largest. The flow resistance of channel was affected by the temperature rise ratio also. And with the increase of the Ro, the temperature rise ratio has a more obvious effect on the flow resistance of the ribbed channel.When Ro=0.45, the flow resistance of the channel with a temperature rise ratio of 0.4 is 2.4 times that of the channel without temperature rise, while when Ro=0.3, it is 1.6 times, and when Ro=0.15, it is 1.2 times.展开更多
In order to improve rib stability,failure criteria and instability mode of a thick coal seam with inter-band rock layer are analysed in this study.A three-dimensional mechanical model is established for the rib by con...In order to improve rib stability,failure criteria and instability mode of a thick coal seam with inter-band rock layer are analysed in this study.A three-dimensional mechanical model is established for the rib by considering the rock layer.A safety factor is defined foy the rib,and it is observed that the safety factor exhibits a positive correlation with the thickness and strength of the inter-band rock.A calculation method for determining critical parameters of the rock layer is presented to ensure the rib stability.It is revealed that incomplete propagation of the fracture at the hard rock constitutes a fundamental prerequisite for ensuring the rib stability.The influence of the position of the inter-band rock in the coal seam on failure mechanism of the rib was thoroughly investigated by developing a series of physical models for the rib at the face area.The best position for the inter-band rock in the coal seam is at a height of 1.5 m away from the roof line,which tends to provide a good stability state for the rib.For different inter-band rock positions,two ways of controlling rib by increasing supports stiffness and flexible grouting reinforcement are proposed.展开更多
In order to study the residual stress distribution law of welded joints of arch ribs of large-span steel pipe concrete arch bridges,numerical simulation of temperature,stress and strain fields based on ABAQUS for weld...In order to study the residual stress distribution law of welded joints of arch ribs of large-span steel pipe concrete arch bridges,numerical simulation of temperature,stress and strain fields based on ABAQUS for welded joints of arch-ribbed steel tubes using 7-,8-and 9-layer welds is carried out and its accuracy is demonstrated.The steel pipe welding temperature changes,residual stress distribution,different processes residual stress changes in the law,the prediction of post-weld residual stress distribution and deformation are studied in this paper.The results show that the temperature field values and test results are more consistent with the accuracy of numerical simulation of welding,the welding process is mainly in the form of heat transfer;Residual high stresses are predominantly distributed in the Fusion zone(FZ)and Heat-affected zone(HAZ),with residual stress levels tending to decrease from the center of the weld along the axial path,the maximum stress appears in the FZ and HAZ junction;The number of welding layers has an effect on the residual stress distribution,the number of welding layers increases,the residual stress tends to decrease,while the FZ and HAZ high stress area range shrinks;Increasing the number of plies will increase the amount of residual distortion.展开更多
A new type of cooling stave with internal ribbed tube was proposed,and the heat transfer performance of the stave was studied by means of thermal test and numerical simulation.The temperature of cooling stave was moni...A new type of cooling stave with internal ribbed tube was proposed,and the heat transfer performance of the stave was studied by means of thermal test and numerical simulation.The temperature of cooling stave was monitored in the conditions of furnace gas temperature of 200-700 C and cooling water velocity of 0.2-1.0 m/s.The thermal test results show that the internal rib structure can form swirl in the water pipe and improve the cooling capacity of the cooling stave.The higher the furnace temperature or the lower the cooling water flow rate,the more obvious the advantage of the cooling stave with internal ribbed tube.The mathematical model of the cooling stave with internal ribbed tube was established by FLUENT software,and the influence of the internal rib structure parameters on the heat transfer performance of the cooling stave was discussed.It is suggested that the parameters of the internal ribbed tube should be 4 ribs,1 mm in height,5-7 mm in width,and 20-30 mm in lead.In the same common working conditions of the cooling stave,the maximum temperature of the newly designed cooling stave with internal ribbed tube is reduced by 5.6%compared with that of common cooling stave with round tube.The water flow rate in the internal ribbed tube only needs 0.9 m/s to reach the cooling effect of 2 m/s in the common tube cooling stave,which can save 55%of water.In case of water shortage accident of cooling stave,the maximum temperature of the cooling stave with internal ribbed tube is decreased by 22.4%compared with that of common round tube,which can effectively reduce the harm of water shortage and protect the cooling stave.展开更多
For the simplified model of the internal cooling passage in the turbine blade of an aero-engine,the present study applies a newly developed turbulence modeling method,very-large eddy simulation(VLES),for analyzing rot...For the simplified model of the internal cooling passage in the turbine blade of an aero-engine,the present study applies a newly developed turbulence modeling method,very-large eddy simulation(VLES),for analyzing rotational effects on the characteristics of complex turbulent flow.For comparison,not only are the delayed detached eddy simulation(DDES)method(recognized as one of the most popular hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes–large eddy simulation(RANS-LES)methods)and the LES method used with the same numerical setup,but also three RANS turbulence models,including the k-ωshear stress transport(SST),standard k-ε,and Reynolds stress models,are applied to analyze the flow structure in the ribbed channel(whether rotating or stationary).Complex turbulent flows in a square ribbed channel at high Reynolds number of 100000 in the stationary state and different rotational numbers(Ro)between 0.1 and 0.4 are simulated and analyzed in detail.The comparisons show that when compared with the experimental data the VLES method works best in both the stationary and rotating states.It can capture unsteady flow characteristics such as wall shear layer separation and the vortex structure resulting from the rib disturbance.The DDES method can only capture the larger-scale vortex structures,and its predictions of the time-averaged velocity differ considerably from experiments,especially in the stationary state.With a relatively coarse grid,satisfactory prediction cannot be achieved in either rotating or stationary state by the LES method with wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity(WALE)and dynamic Smagorinsky models.The three RANS models perform poorly in both the stationary and rotating states.The results demonstrate the advantages of the VLES method in analyzing the unsteady flow characteristics in the ribbed channel at high Reynolds numbers for both stationary and rotating conditions.On that basis,the study uses the VLES method to analyze the flow evolution under different rotational numbers,and the rotational effects on the fluid mechanisms are analyzed.展开更多
Background: Costal fracture surgical is still a debate, therefore we shall select between early and delay surgical management. Case Report: We are reporting two cases of post road traffic clash delay ribs fractures os...Background: Costal fracture surgical is still a debate, therefore we shall select between early and delay surgical management. Case Report: We are reporting two cases of post road traffic clash delay ribs fractures osteosynthesis involving a 63-year-old man with multistage fractures on the left and pulmonary pinning of one of the costal arches, complicated by a homolateral haemothorax and a 41-year-old man with a bilateral flail chest. Conclusion: The simple postoperative course and the immediate postoperative improvement in the patient’s clinical respiratory condition enabled us to discuss the time frame for management, in this case the indication for early or later surgery.展开更多
The admittance features representing the physical attributes are used as the in termediates to extract the materialattributesrelated impact sound features of ribbed plates. Firstly, the admittance feature representati...The admittance features representing the physical attributes are used as the in termediates to extract the materialattributesrelated impact sound features of ribbed plates. Firstly, the admittance feature representations of metal ribbed plates attributes are obtained and the relationship between the admittance features and the impact sound features are established via correlation analysis method. Then, materialattributesrelated impact sound features are obtained indirectly. Finally, the performances of different sound features for the material recognition of ribbedmetal plates are verified through the Support Vector Machine classifier. The results indicate that the obtained four sets of features can effectively identify the materials of the metal ribbed plates, while the accuracy of a single feature depends on the separable degree of the corresponding material attribute. And the features extracted based on admittance functions have higher average accuracy than that of timbre features. Therefore, the proposed sound feature extraction method based on admittance features is valid, and the extracted sound features can effectively reflect the physical attributes.展开更多
Heat transfer and turbulent flow characteristics between the ribbed plates have been numerically studied in the present paper.The ribs with the rectangular cross-section have been placed on the top and the bottom plat...Heat transfer and turbulent flow characteristics between the ribbed plates have been numerically studied in the present paper.The ribs with the rectangular cross-section have been placed on the top and the bottom plates of the duct,symmetrically.It is assumed that the fluid at 300 K has entered the system while the walls kept at 400 K.All numerical analyses have been performed by k-ωShear Stress Transport(SST)turbulence model for Re=10000,15000 and 20000.For the fixed rib width,the dimensionless height and the dimensionless spacing have been respectively varied as 0.1≤h’≤0.3 and 0.5≤S’≤1,and the results have been compared with the ones of the smooth plate.Even though there are twenty-seven cases obtained as a result of parametric combinations,the number of various cases has been reduced from twenty-seven to only nine different variations by applying the Taguchi method.Furthermore,the effects of all the considered parameters on the heat transfer and flow characteristics have been determined in terms of the influence degree.The optimum parameters for Nusselt number and pressure loss have been ascertained individually.What is more,the almost exact values for Nusselt number and pressure loss have also been attained by the confirmation test having an error percentage of 6%.The most dominant factor has been determined as the rib height due to its effect on both heat transfer and flow characteristics.Similarly,with respect to the numerical results,increasing the rib height,the rib spacing and Reynolds number has separately increased Nusselt number.Nevertheless,symmetrical flow structure has been disturbed as a result of ascending the rib height as clearly seen for h’=0.3 from the charts.In the meantime,pressure loss has been augmented owing to the increment of the geometrical parameters and also Reynolds number.h’=0.1 with S’=0.5 at Re=10000,h’=0.2 with S’=0.5 at Re=15000 and h’=0.1 with S’=0.75 at Re=15000 can be suggested for the heat transfer enhancement since the pressure loss of the system is tolerated.展开更多
At high rotation numbers,the rotational effects on heat transfer and flow could be diverse among the channels with different blockage ratios.However,most studies are conducted under low rotation number(less than 0.25)...At high rotation numbers,the rotational effects on heat transfer and flow could be diverse among the channels with different blockage ratios.However,most studies are conducted under low rotation number(less than 0.25)and selected blockage ratio.This paper experimentally investigates the effect of rib blockage ratio(ranges from 0 to 0.3)on pressure loss and heat transfer in a rotating square channel under high rotation number(up to 0.81).The ribs staggered on leading and trailing walls were oriented 90°to the mainstream flow.The Reynolds number and the wall-to-fluid temperature ratio varied from 20000 to 40000 and 0.08 to 0.2,respectively.The results showed that a larger blockage ratio resulted in a better heat transfer but a higher pressure drop.The optimum blockage ratio was 0.1 for the best thermal performance.The rotational effects were weakened in the passage with a higher blockage ratio,where the critical rotation number could not be observed.Moreover,the heat transfer enhancement induced by rotation was more significant when the temperature ratio increased.Finally,the correlations were developed for the pressure drop and the convective heat transfer on the leading and trailing edges.展开更多
In underground coal mines, fibre reinforced polymer(FRP) bolt is ideal for mined rib reinforcements as it can prevent gas explosions caused by shearer frictional spark. With increasing mining depth, small diameter FRP...In underground coal mines, fibre reinforced polymer(FRP) bolt is ideal for mined rib reinforcements as it can prevent gas explosions caused by shearer frictional spark. With increasing mining depth, small diameter FRP bolts used in shallow underground mining cannot fulfil the rib support requirements. Under the engineering background of deep underground shortwall mining in Wudong coal mine, this paper systematically studies Φ27 mm FRP bolt support for large deformation coal rib. Specimens with a fan-shaped cross-section were used to enable the tensile testing of the bolt rod, the measured average tensile strength of the studied FRP bolt was(486.1 ± 9.6) MPa with a maximum elongation of 5.7%±0.6%.The shear strength of the bolt was measured as approximately 258 MPa using a self-made double shear testing apparatus. Based on the equivalent radial stiffness principle, a laboratory short encapsulation pullout test(SEPT) method for rib bolting has been developed undertaken consideration of the mechanical properties of the coal seam. Results showed that the average peak anchorage forces of the Φ27 mm FRP bolt and Φ20 mm steel rebar bolt were 108.4 and 66.4 k N, respectively, which were agreed with the theoretical calculations and field measurements. Based on theoretical analysis of the loading states of the bolt under site conditions, bolting method of full-length resin grouting was adopted to offset the weaknesses of the FRP bolt. Numerical method was employed to compare the bolting effect using Φ27 mm FRP bolts and steel rebar bolts. Large diameter FRP bolting was determined as the optimum rib support scheme to increase the productivity of the coal mine and to enhance the ground control capability for+425 level mining roadways. This study provides the laboratory testing design and theoretical prediction of large diameter FRP bolts used for rib support in large deformation roadways.展开更多
In underground mines,sublevel stoping is used among a variety of different methods for mining an orebody,which creates large underground openings.In this case,the stability of these openings is affected by a number of...In underground mines,sublevel stoping is used among a variety of different methods for mining an orebody,which creates large underground openings.In this case,the stability of these openings is affected by a number of factors,including the geometrical characteristics of the rock and mining-induced stresses.In this study,a sensitivity analysis was conducted with the numerical,squat pillar,and Mathews stability methods using the Taguchi technique to properly understand the influence of geometric parameters and stress on stope stability according to Sormeh underground mine data.The results show a full factorial analysis is more reliable since stope stability is a complex process.Furthermore,the numerical results indicate that overburden stress has the most impact on stope stability,followed by stope height.However,the results obtained with Mathews and squat pillar methods show that stope height has the greatest impact,followed by overburden stress and span.It appears that these methods overestimate the impact of stope height.Therefore,it is highly recommended that Mathews and squat pillar methods should not be used in high stope that is divided with several sill pillars.Nonetheless,Mathews method cannot accurately predict how the sill pillar impacts the stope stability.In addition,numerical analysis shows that all geometric parameters affect the roof safety factor,whereas the sill pillar has no significant influence on the safety factor of the hanging wall,which is primarily determined by the stope height–span ratio.展开更多
The paper summarizes the four different construction schemes based on engineering cases for the arch rib construction of continuous beam-arch composite bridges for high-speed railways.These methods include in-situ ass...The paper summarizes the four different construction schemes based on engineering cases for the arch rib construction of continuous beam-arch composite bridges for high-speed railways.These methods include in-situ assembly,segmental lifting,incremental launching and longitudinal moving,and vertical rotation.The temporary structural designs,process methods,and technological equipment for each construction scheme are described in detail.The advantages and disadvantages of each scheme and its application scope under various conditions are analyzed,and opinions and suggestions for guiding the application of each scheme are proposed.The comparison and selection analyses show that the four arch rib construction schemes have certain applicability under different conditions such as bridge site status,bridge span,and construction environment.With the continuous increase of bridge span and progress of construction technological equipment,the arch rib construction technology is developing towards the overall erection direction.This leads to more obvious technical advantages of the segmental lifting method,incremental launching and longitudinal moving method,and vertical rotation method.Therefore,it is necessary to select the best construction scheme according to the construction status and technical conditions during application.展开更多
目的:研究应用解剖型生物固定股骨柄假体行全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的患者术后中短期随访时假体周围骨密度变化,为假体设计、改进提供理论参考。方法:门诊随访采用Ribbed股骨柄行初次单侧THA 1年以上的患者。采用双能...目的:研究应用解剖型生物固定股骨柄假体行全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的患者术后中短期随访时假体周围骨密度变化,为假体设计、改进提供理论参考。方法:门诊随访采用Ribbed股骨柄行初次单侧THA 1年以上的患者。采用双能X线对假体周围及非手术侧相应7个感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI)进行骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)测定,对比分析。结果:随访28例患者,平均随访时间为35.5月。与非手术侧相比,假体周围ROI 1、2、3、5、6、7区BMD未见明显差异,仅ROI 4区差异有统计学意义[手术侧BMD(1.58±0.28)g/cm2,非手术侧BMD(1.66±0.20)g/cm2;t=-2.216,P=0.035]。结论:采用解剖型生物固定Ribbed股骨柄假体行THA的患者,假体周围骨长入达到生物固定效果,术后股骨侧应力比较符合正常生理传导,其特点在未来假体设计时可供借鉴。展开更多
文摘In current numerical study,forced flow and heat transfer of water/NDG(Nitrogen-doped graphene)nanofluid in nanoparticles mass fractions(φ)of 0,2%and 4%at Reynolds numbers(Re)of 10,50,100 and 150 are simulated in steady states.Studied geometry is a two-dimensional microchannel under the influence of nanofluid jet injection.Temperature of inlet fluid equals with Tc=293 K and hot source of microchannel is under the influence of oscillating heat flux.Also,in this research,the effect of the variations of attack angle of triangular rib(15°,30°,45°and 60°)on laminar nanofluid flow behavior inside the studied rectangular geometry with the ratio of L/H=28 and nanofluid jet injection is investigated.Obtained results indicate that the increase of Reynolds number,nanoparticles mass fraction and attack angle of rib leads to the increase of pressure drop.By increasing fluid viscosity,momentum depreciation of fluid in collusion with microchannel surfaces enhances.Also,the increase of attack angle of rib at higher Reynolds numbers has a great effect on this coefficient.At low Reynolds numbers,due to slow motion of fluid,variations of attack angle of rib,especially in angles of 30°,45°and 60°are almost similar.By increasing fluid velocity,the effect of the variations of attack angle on pressure drop becomes significant and pressure drop figures act differently.In general,by using heat transfer enhancement methods in studied geometry,heat transfer increases almost 25%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51276088)
文摘The heat transfer and pressure loss characteristics on a square channel with two opposite surfaces roughened by high blockage ratio ribs are measured by systematic experiments.Reynolds numbers studied in the channel range from 1 400 to 8 000.The ratios of rib height to hydraulic diameter (e/D) are 0.2and 0.33,respectively.The ratio of rib spacing to height (P/e) ranges from 5to 15.The rib orientations in the opposite surfaces are symmetrical and staggered arrangements.The results show that the heat transfer coefficients are increased with the increase of rib height and Reynolds number,though at the cost of higher pressure losses.When the rib spacing to height ratio is 10,it keeps the highest heat transfer coefficient in three kinds of rib spacing to height ratios 5,10 and 15.The heat transfer coefficient of symmetrical arrangement ribs is higher than that of the staggered arrangement ribs,but the pressure loss of the symmetrical arrangement ribs is larger than that of the staggered arrangement ribs.
文摘目的探讨采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行人工全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的中远期疗效。方法回顾分析2006年10月—2016年5月采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行THA且获完整随访的354例(384髋)髋关节疾病患者临床资料。男171例,女183例;年龄20~82岁,平均53.4岁。单髋324例,双髋30例。关节置换原因:股骨头缺血性坏死151例(159髋),髋关节骨关节炎134例(136髋),类风湿性关节炎43例(43髋),强直性脊柱炎20例(40髋),创伤6例(6髋)。术前患者Harris评分为(42.34±8.89)分。术后采用Harris评分评价髋关节功能;摄X线片判断双下肢是否等长、股骨侧有无透亮带、假体稳定性以及应力遮挡发生情况。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。354例患者均获随访,随访时间2~11年,平均7.4年。末次随访时Harris评分为(80.52±7.61)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=134.804,P=0.000)。术后发生2例(2髋)假体感染,3例(3髋)假体松动,4例(4髋)假体周围骨折,48例(48髋)存在轻到中度大腿疼痛。X线片示76例(78髋)股骨侧存在透亮线以及不同程度应力遮挡。按照Engh等的方法评价假体稳定性,骨长入性稳定364髋,纤维长入性稳定15髋,假体不稳定5髋。25例(25髋)发生股骨柄假体下沉,其中5例患者双下肢长度差异>10 mm。结论采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行THA具有初始稳定性好、骨长入好等优点,术后应力遮挡发生率相对较高,但对假体中远期生存率和疗效无明显影响。
基金Beijing Nova Program (No. 20220484129)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52376042)+1 种基金Advanced Aerodynamic Innovation Workstation (Grant No. HKCX2022-01-07)National Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. J2019-II-0022-0043)。
文摘With the development of aero-engines, the turbine inlet temperature continues to rise. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the turbine blades, cooling structures must be set inside turbine blades to cool them. Heat transfer coefficient and flow resistance are the key parameters to measure the cooling characteristics of internal cooling structures. In this paper, the characteristics of flow resistance in a rotating ribbed channel is presented numerical simulation under different rib spacings, rib angles, and thermal boundary conditions. The results show that, separation and reattachment of fluid between ribs is the key effect of rib spacing on flow resistance. The flow resistance is small when the rib spacing is small, because it's difficult for the fluid to form reattachment between the ribs. With the increase of rib spacing, the reattachment phenomenon is more obvious and the flow resistance increases accordingly. In general,p: e=10 channel has the maximum flow resistance. Secondary flow caused by the ribs is the key factor affecting the flow resistance characteristics with different rib angles. The secondary flow interacts with the main flow and causes flow loss through mixing, thus affecting the flow resistance of the channel. Under static condition, the flow resistance of 60°ribbed channel is the largest. The flow resistance of channel was affected by the temperature rise ratio also. And with the increase of the Ro, the temperature rise ratio has a more obvious effect on the flow resistance of the ribbed channel.When Ro=0.45, the flow resistance of the channel with a temperature rise ratio of 0.4 is 2.4 times that of the channel without temperature rise, while when Ro=0.3, it is 1.6 times, and when Ro=0.15, it is 1.2 times.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2023YFC2907501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52374106)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2023ZKPYNY01)。
文摘In order to improve rib stability,failure criteria and instability mode of a thick coal seam with inter-band rock layer are analysed in this study.A three-dimensional mechanical model is established for the rib by considering the rock layer.A safety factor is defined foy the rib,and it is observed that the safety factor exhibits a positive correlation with the thickness and strength of the inter-band rock.A calculation method for determining critical parameters of the rock layer is presented to ensure the rib stability.It is revealed that incomplete propagation of the fracture at the hard rock constitutes a fundamental prerequisite for ensuring the rib stability.The influence of the position of the inter-band rock in the coal seam on failure mechanism of the rib was thoroughly investigated by developing a series of physical models for the rib at the face area.The best position for the inter-band rock in the coal seam is at a height of 1.5 m away from the roof line,which tends to provide a good stability state for the rib.For different inter-band rock positions,two ways of controlling rib by increasing supports stiffness and flexible grouting reinforcement are proposed.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52268048)the Guangxi Key Technology Research and Development Program(Grant No.GUI-KEAB23026101)the Guangxi Science and Technology Major Special Project(Grant No.GUI-KEAA22068066).
文摘In order to study the residual stress distribution law of welded joints of arch ribs of large-span steel pipe concrete arch bridges,numerical simulation of temperature,stress and strain fields based on ABAQUS for welded joints of arch-ribbed steel tubes using 7-,8-and 9-layer welds is carried out and its accuracy is demonstrated.The steel pipe welding temperature changes,residual stress distribution,different processes residual stress changes in the law,the prediction of post-weld residual stress distribution and deformation are studied in this paper.The results show that the temperature field values and test results are more consistent with the accuracy of numerical simulation of welding,the welding process is mainly in the form of heat transfer;Residual high stresses are predominantly distributed in the Fusion zone(FZ)and Heat-affected zone(HAZ),with residual stress levels tending to decrease from the center of the weld along the axial path,the maximum stress appears in the FZ and HAZ junction;The number of welding layers has an effect on the residual stress distribution,the number of welding layers increases,the residual stress tends to decrease,while the FZ and HAZ high stress area range shrinks;Increasing the number of plies will increase the amount of residual distortion.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51574179)Nantong Science and Technology Project(JC2019154).
文摘A new type of cooling stave with internal ribbed tube was proposed,and the heat transfer performance of the stave was studied by means of thermal test and numerical simulation.The temperature of cooling stave was monitored in the conditions of furnace gas temperature of 200-700 C and cooling water velocity of 0.2-1.0 m/s.The thermal test results show that the internal rib structure can form swirl in the water pipe and improve the cooling capacity of the cooling stave.The higher the furnace temperature or the lower the cooling water flow rate,the more obvious the advantage of the cooling stave with internal ribbed tube.The mathematical model of the cooling stave with internal ribbed tube was established by FLUENT software,and the influence of the internal rib structure parameters on the heat transfer performance of the cooling stave was discussed.It is suggested that the parameters of the internal ribbed tube should be 4 ribs,1 mm in height,5-7 mm in width,and 20-30 mm in lead.In the same common working conditions of the cooling stave,the maximum temperature of the newly designed cooling stave with internal ribbed tube is reduced by 5.6%compared with that of common cooling stave with round tube.The water flow rate in the internal ribbed tube only needs 0.9 m/s to reach the cooling effect of 2 m/s in the common tube cooling stave,which can save 55%of water.In case of water shortage accident of cooling stave,the maximum temperature of the cooling stave with internal ribbed tube is decreased by 22.4%compared with that of common round tube,which can effectively reduce the harm of water shortage and protect the cooling stave.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91841302)the Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.BK20200069)+1 种基金the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology(SAST)Innovation Fundthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘For the simplified model of the internal cooling passage in the turbine blade of an aero-engine,the present study applies a newly developed turbulence modeling method,very-large eddy simulation(VLES),for analyzing rotational effects on the characteristics of complex turbulent flow.For comparison,not only are the delayed detached eddy simulation(DDES)method(recognized as one of the most popular hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes–large eddy simulation(RANS-LES)methods)and the LES method used with the same numerical setup,but also three RANS turbulence models,including the k-ωshear stress transport(SST),standard k-ε,and Reynolds stress models,are applied to analyze the flow structure in the ribbed channel(whether rotating or stationary).Complex turbulent flows in a square ribbed channel at high Reynolds number of 100000 in the stationary state and different rotational numbers(Ro)between 0.1 and 0.4 are simulated and analyzed in detail.The comparisons show that when compared with the experimental data the VLES method works best in both the stationary and rotating states.It can capture unsteady flow characteristics such as wall shear layer separation and the vortex structure resulting from the rib disturbance.The DDES method can only capture the larger-scale vortex structures,and its predictions of the time-averaged velocity differ considerably from experiments,especially in the stationary state.With a relatively coarse grid,satisfactory prediction cannot be achieved in either rotating or stationary state by the LES method with wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity(WALE)and dynamic Smagorinsky models.The three RANS models perform poorly in both the stationary and rotating states.The results demonstrate the advantages of the VLES method in analyzing the unsteady flow characteristics in the ribbed channel at high Reynolds numbers for both stationary and rotating conditions.On that basis,the study uses the VLES method to analyze the flow evolution under different rotational numbers,and the rotational effects on the fluid mechanisms are analyzed.
文摘Background: Costal fracture surgical is still a debate, therefore we shall select between early and delay surgical management. Case Report: We are reporting two cases of post road traffic clash delay ribs fractures osteosynthesis involving a 63-year-old man with multistage fractures on the left and pulmonary pinning of one of the costal arches, complicated by a homolateral haemothorax and a 41-year-old man with a bilateral flail chest. Conclusion: The simple postoperative course and the immediate postoperative improvement in the patient’s clinical respiratory condition enabled us to discuss the time frame for management, in this case the indication for early or later surgery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11574249)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(20131553018)
文摘The admittance features representing the physical attributes are used as the in termediates to extract the materialattributesrelated impact sound features of ribbed plates. Firstly, the admittance feature representations of metal ribbed plates attributes are obtained and the relationship between the admittance features and the impact sound features are established via correlation analysis method. Then, materialattributesrelated impact sound features are obtained indirectly. Finally, the performances of different sound features for the material recognition of ribbedmetal plates are verified through the Support Vector Machine classifier. The results indicate that the obtained four sets of features can effectively identify the materials of the metal ribbed plates, while the accuracy of a single feature depends on the separable degree of the corresponding material attribute. And the features extracted based on admittance functions have higher average accuracy than that of timbre features. Therefore, the proposed sound feature extraction method based on admittance features is valid, and the extracted sound features can effectively reflect the physical attributes.
基金2015-OYP-007 of Selcuk University Academic Staff Training Program(OYP)。
文摘Heat transfer and turbulent flow characteristics between the ribbed plates have been numerically studied in the present paper.The ribs with the rectangular cross-section have been placed on the top and the bottom plates of the duct,symmetrically.It is assumed that the fluid at 300 K has entered the system while the walls kept at 400 K.All numerical analyses have been performed by k-ωShear Stress Transport(SST)turbulence model for Re=10000,15000 and 20000.For the fixed rib width,the dimensionless height and the dimensionless spacing have been respectively varied as 0.1≤h’≤0.3 and 0.5≤S’≤1,and the results have been compared with the ones of the smooth plate.Even though there are twenty-seven cases obtained as a result of parametric combinations,the number of various cases has been reduced from twenty-seven to only nine different variations by applying the Taguchi method.Furthermore,the effects of all the considered parameters on the heat transfer and flow characteristics have been determined in terms of the influence degree.The optimum parameters for Nusselt number and pressure loss have been ascertained individually.What is more,the almost exact values for Nusselt number and pressure loss have also been attained by the confirmation test having an error percentage of 6%.The most dominant factor has been determined as the rib height due to its effect on both heat transfer and flow characteristics.Similarly,with respect to the numerical results,increasing the rib height,the rib spacing and Reynolds number has separately increased Nusselt number.Nevertheless,symmetrical flow structure has been disturbed as a result of ascending the rib height as clearly seen for h’=0.3 from the charts.In the meantime,pressure loss has been augmented owing to the increment of the geometrical parameters and also Reynolds number.h’=0.1 with S’=0.5 at Re=10000,h’=0.2 with S’=0.5 at Re=15000 and h’=0.1 with S’=0.75 at Re=15000 can be suggested for the heat transfer enhancement since the pressure loss of the system is tolerated.
文摘At high rotation numbers,the rotational effects on heat transfer and flow could be diverse among the channels with different blockage ratios.However,most studies are conducted under low rotation number(less than 0.25)and selected blockage ratio.This paper experimentally investigates the effect of rib blockage ratio(ranges from 0 to 0.3)on pressure loss and heat transfer in a rotating square channel under high rotation number(up to 0.81).The ribs staggered on leading and trailing walls were oriented 90°to the mainstream flow.The Reynolds number and the wall-to-fluid temperature ratio varied from 20000 to 40000 and 0.08 to 0.2,respectively.The results showed that a larger blockage ratio resulted in a better heat transfer but a higher pressure drop.The optimum blockage ratio was 0.1 for the best thermal performance.The rotational effects were weakened in the passage with a higher blockage ratio,where the critical rotation number could not be observed.Moreover,the heat transfer enhancement induced by rotation was more significant when the temperature ratio increased.Finally,the correlations were developed for the pressure drop and the convective heat transfer on the leading and trailing edges.
基金The work presented in this paper was financially jointly supported by General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074145)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC2002110).
文摘In underground coal mines, fibre reinforced polymer(FRP) bolt is ideal for mined rib reinforcements as it can prevent gas explosions caused by shearer frictional spark. With increasing mining depth, small diameter FRP bolts used in shallow underground mining cannot fulfil the rib support requirements. Under the engineering background of deep underground shortwall mining in Wudong coal mine, this paper systematically studies Φ27 mm FRP bolt support for large deformation coal rib. Specimens with a fan-shaped cross-section were used to enable the tensile testing of the bolt rod, the measured average tensile strength of the studied FRP bolt was(486.1 ± 9.6) MPa with a maximum elongation of 5.7%±0.6%.The shear strength of the bolt was measured as approximately 258 MPa using a self-made double shear testing apparatus. Based on the equivalent radial stiffness principle, a laboratory short encapsulation pullout test(SEPT) method for rib bolting has been developed undertaken consideration of the mechanical properties of the coal seam. Results showed that the average peak anchorage forces of the Φ27 mm FRP bolt and Φ20 mm steel rebar bolt were 108.4 and 66.4 k N, respectively, which were agreed with the theoretical calculations and field measurements. Based on theoretical analysis of the loading states of the bolt under site conditions, bolting method of full-length resin grouting was adopted to offset the weaknesses of the FRP bolt. Numerical method was employed to compare the bolting effect using Φ27 mm FRP bolts and steel rebar bolts. Large diameter FRP bolting was determined as the optimum rib support scheme to increase the productivity of the coal mine and to enhance the ground control capability for+425 level mining roadways. This study provides the laboratory testing design and theoretical prediction of large diameter FRP bolts used for rib support in large deformation roadways.
文摘In underground mines,sublevel stoping is used among a variety of different methods for mining an orebody,which creates large underground openings.In this case,the stability of these openings is affected by a number of factors,including the geometrical characteristics of the rock and mining-induced stresses.In this study,a sensitivity analysis was conducted with the numerical,squat pillar,and Mathews stability methods using the Taguchi technique to properly understand the influence of geometric parameters and stress on stope stability according to Sormeh underground mine data.The results show a full factorial analysis is more reliable since stope stability is a complex process.Furthermore,the numerical results indicate that overburden stress has the most impact on stope stability,followed by stope height.However,the results obtained with Mathews and squat pillar methods show that stope height has the greatest impact,followed by overburden stress and span.It appears that these methods overestimate the impact of stope height.Therefore,it is highly recommended that Mathews and squat pillar methods should not be used in high stope that is divided with several sill pillars.Nonetheless,Mathews method cannot accurately predict how the sill pillar impacts the stope stability.In addition,numerical analysis shows that all geometric parameters affect the roof safety factor,whereas the sill pillar has no significant influence on the safety factor of the hanging wall,which is primarily determined by the stope height–span ratio.
文摘The paper summarizes the four different construction schemes based on engineering cases for the arch rib construction of continuous beam-arch composite bridges for high-speed railways.These methods include in-situ assembly,segmental lifting,incremental launching and longitudinal moving,and vertical rotation.The temporary structural designs,process methods,and technological equipment for each construction scheme are described in detail.The advantages and disadvantages of each scheme and its application scope under various conditions are analyzed,and opinions and suggestions for guiding the application of each scheme are proposed.The comparison and selection analyses show that the four arch rib construction schemes have certain applicability under different conditions such as bridge site status,bridge span,and construction environment.With the continuous increase of bridge span and progress of construction technological equipment,the arch rib construction technology is developing towards the overall erection direction.This leads to more obvious technical advantages of the segmental lifting method,incremental launching and longitudinal moving method,and vertical rotation method.Therefore,it is necessary to select the best construction scheme according to the construction status and technical conditions during application.
文摘目的:研究应用解剖型生物固定股骨柄假体行全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的患者术后中短期随访时假体周围骨密度变化,为假体设计、改进提供理论参考。方法:门诊随访采用Ribbed股骨柄行初次单侧THA 1年以上的患者。采用双能X线对假体周围及非手术侧相应7个感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI)进行骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)测定,对比分析。结果:随访28例患者,平均随访时间为35.5月。与非手术侧相比,假体周围ROI 1、2、3、5、6、7区BMD未见明显差异,仅ROI 4区差异有统计学意义[手术侧BMD(1.58±0.28)g/cm2,非手术侧BMD(1.66±0.20)g/cm2;t=-2.216,P=0.035]。结论:采用解剖型生物固定Ribbed股骨柄假体行THA的患者,假体周围骨长入达到生物固定效果,术后股骨侧应力比较符合正常生理传导,其特点在未来假体设计时可供借鉴。