基于RIESE3201芯片的低压电力线通信系统的设计

针对利用低压电力线传输数据的构想,文中给出了一种基于电力线载波调制解调芯片RISE3201的低压电力线载波通信系统。首先介绍了RISE321的主要特性,其次给出了系统通信的基本原理,最后结合该芯片的功能特点,详细阐述了以RISE3201为核心的载波通信系统的设计方案及各主要模块的具体设计,实现低压电力线上的数据传输。

考虑功率可调节裕度的综合能源系统云边协同优化

区域综合能源系统(RIES)集群协同优化可以实现跨区域能量共享,提高系统的灵活性。针对RIES集群多主体难管控的问题,提出了一种考虑功率可调节裕度的云边协同优化调度模型。首先,对不可控设备和可控设备的可调节能力进行建模,并在此基础上建立RIES主动调节能力综合指标的数学模型;其次,建立能量管理云平台和RIES双层能量优化模型,能量管理云平台以降低整个系统对外部能源需求为目的对区域间能量互济进行调控;然后,引入交替方向乘子法对模型进行求解,协调能源信息交互;最后,通过云边协同优化方法对RIES集群运行进行了仿真验证。结果表明:各RIES对内部能量进行优化,实现了低碳经济运行,并提高了系统的功率可调节裕度。由能量管理云平台和RIES协同交互完成的优化过程,提高了RIES集群的自给能力和主动调节能力,减少了系统运行成本和碳排放。

计及电-气-热需求响应的区域综合能源系统运行优化

针对区域综合能源系统(regional integrated e ner gy system,RIES)源荷主体互动少、碳排放强度高、风光消纳能力低以及整体运行效益差等问题,文中提出计及电-气-热价格需求响应的RIES经济低碳运行优化方法。利用电能、天然气、热能共有的商品属性以及多元柔性负荷的可调度价值,建立电-气-热价格需求响应模型,有效增强了价格信号对负荷参与需求响应的激励效应;为充分挖掘系统的低碳潜力,引入阶梯型碳交易,完善实际碳排放模型;以系统运行成本最小为优化目标,研究不同运行方式对系统经济性和低碳性的影响。案例分析结果表明,所构建的运行优化模型采用价格需求响应和阶梯型碳交易协同优化方式,在实现负荷削峰填谷的同时可以兼顾系统运行的经济低碳性与风光消纳能力。

考虑综合需求响应的楼宇综合能源系统能量管理优化

针对楼宇综合能源系统(residential integrated energy system,RIES)能量管理时未充分考虑影响室温因素及其对负荷建模的影响和刚性捆绑RIES、用户从未全面考虑用户舒适度和用能支出的问题,文中提出冷、热负荷参与阶梯型补贴和电负荷参与电价型综合需求响应的RIES能量管理优化模型及其求解方法。首先,综合考虑影响室温因素,得到离散化的楼宇热平衡方程,建立楼宇的柔性而非固定的冷、热、电负荷数学模型。其次,建立冷、热负荷参与的阶梯型补贴和电负荷参与的电价型综合需求响应机制。然后,考虑RIES向用户售能的收益、从外部购能的成本和支付用户的补贴费用,构建以最大化RIES运行利润为目标、计及设备和系统运行约束的能量管理优化数学模型,并采用Cplex对线性化后的模型进行求解。最后,通过算例仿真表明:计及综合需求响应的RIES能量管理优化能统筹协调供需两侧资源,提升系统与用户的经济效益。

计及源荷不确定性和变工况特性的区域综合能源系统优化调度

为保证系统的经济可靠运行,考虑了荷源不确定性及能源耦合设备的变工况特性对系统运行的影响。首先,基于能源梯级利用原理,建立了包含风电、燃气轮机、电转气(P2G)及多种能源耦合设备的区域综合能源系统(RIES)架构;其次,通过构建动态能源集线器(DEH)模型,分别从能源供需双侧反映设备变工况特性对系统能源耦合的影响。同时,以系统调度成本最小和碳排放量最少为目标,将确定性的系统约束转换为基于可信性理论的模糊机会约束,构建了考虑源荷不确定性和设备变工况特性的RIES模型。最后调用CPLEX求解器对模型进行求解。结果表明,所建模型可以有效描述系统的不确定性风险,促进风电消纳,提升系统的经济性与低碳性。

考虑碳交易成本及区域能源优化的配电网扩展规划研究

随着《碳排放权交易管理办法》的正式实施,加速了碳排放权交易的进度,在此背景下考虑区域综合能源系统(regional integrated energy system,RIES)接入配网后需求响应、可再生资源消纳和碳排放交易成本的影响,提出一种新的配电网规划方法。首先,对区域综合能源系统结构进行概述,介绍典型区域综合能源系统的构成及特点;其次,将碳交易成本、弃风弃光成本和需求响应引入配电网扩展模型当中,综合考虑系统的碳排放、弃风弃光和需求侧响应对区域综合能源系统的影响,促进系统整体的优化运行。在上述基础上构建考虑区域综合能源系统优化的配网扩展优化双层模型,采用改进粒子群算法(improved particle swarm optimization,IPSO)和预测校正内点法(prediction correction interior point method,PCIP)求解规划层和运行层模型。最后,运用算例系统对构建的模型和方法进行验证。结果表明:配电网扩展规划时,充分考虑区域综合能源系统优化,能够提升可再生能源的消纳,降低整体的扩展规划成本。

A Novel Technique of Parameter Extraction for Short Channel Length LDD MOSFETs

A novel parameter extraction technique suitable f or short channel length lightly-doped-drain (LDD) MOSFET's is proposed which seg ments the total gate bias range,and executes the linear regression in every subs ections,yielding the gate bias dependent parameters,such as effective channel le ngth,parasitic resistance,and mobility,etc.This method avoids the gate bias rang e optimization,and retains the accuracy and simplicity of linear regression.The extracted gate bias dependent parameters are implemented in the compact I-V model which has been proposed for deep submicron LDD MOSFET's.The good agreemen ts between simulations and measurements of the devices on 0.18μm CMOS technolo gy indicate the effectivity of this technique.

基于PLC的遥测系统研究

介绍了一种基于PLC(电力线通信)的传感器信号遥测系统,系统硬件主要由16位AD7715模数转换电路、51单片机内核、RISE3401电力线通信芯片组成。软件以MCS-51汇编语言编制,并给出了软件设计的流程图。

区域综合能源系统两阶段鲁棒博弈优化调度

在区域综合能源系统的基本架构上,为了提升系统经济性与可再生能源并网能力,研究混合储能、冷热电联供机组(CCHP)、能量转换装置在多能互补下的两阶段优化运行模型.利用虚拟能量厂(VEP),平抑发、用电不确定性;采用鲁棒理论,构建灵活调整边界的不确定合集;引入条件风险理论,构建考虑多种不确定关系耦合下基于Copula-RCVaR的能量管理风险模型.针对上述模型特点,提出基于滤子技术的多目标鲸鱼算法进行求解.分析不同可再生能源渗透率及集群效应对系统收益结果和运行策略的影响.结果表明,引入虚拟能量厂可以提高利润1.9%,在保证稳定运行的前提下合理选择荷、源不确定变量的置信概率,可以提高利润5.9%.

基于改进最小叉熵法的区域综合能源系统经济效益评估

区域综合能源系统(RIES)作为一种可充分利用多种能源的有效网络形式,其组成方案的经济效益评估意义重大。针对RIES经济性评估指标不完善及指标权重确定受主观因素影响较大的问题,文中首先分析了RIES的架构,搭建了RIES经济性评价指标体系。为提高指标权重融合的合理性,文中提出可反映主、客观权重内在联系的改进最小叉熵法,结合优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)和秩和比法(RSR),进行RIES投资方案的多准则评价排序并选出最优方案。最后,选取某工业园区不同系统组成方案作为算例进行经济效益评估验证,结果证明了文中所提方法的工程实用性,可为RIES的规划和改造等项目提供有效的经济效益评价。

Distributed Robust Optimal Dispatch of Regional Integrated Energy Systems Based on ADMM Algorithm with Adaptive Step Size

This paper proposes a distributed robust optimal dispatch model to enhance information security and interaction among the operators in the regional integrated energy system(RIES).Our model regards the distribution network and each energy hub(EH)as independent operators and employs robust optimization to improve operational security caused by wind and photovoltaic(PV)power output uncertainties,with only deterministic information exchanged across boundaries.This paper also adopts the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM)algorithm to facilitate secure information interaction among multiple RIES operators,maximizing the benefit for each subject.Furthermore,the traditional ADMM algorithm with fixed step size is modified to be adaptive,addressing issues of redundant interactions caused by suboptimal initial step size settings.A case study validates the effectiveness of the proposed model,demonstrating the superiority of the ADMM algorithm with adaptive step size and the economic benefits of the distributed robust optimal dispatch model over the distributed stochastic optimal dispatch model.

Operation Cost Optimization Method of Regional Integrated Energy System in Electricity Market Environment Considering Uncertainty

In the electricity market environment,the regional integrated energy system(RIES)can reduce the total operation cost by participating in electricity market transactions.However,the RIES will face the risk of load and electricity price uncertainties,which may make its operation cost higher than expected.This paper proposes a method to optimize the operation cost of the RIES in the electricity market environment considering uncertainty.Firstly,based on the operation cost structure of the RIES in the electricity market environment,the energy flow relationship of the RIES is analyzed,and the operation cost model of the RIES is built.Then,the electricity purchase costs of the RIES in the medium-and long-term electricity markets,the spot electricity market,and the retail electricity market are analyzed.Finally,considering the risk of load and electricity price uncertainties,the operation cost optimization model of the RIES is established based on conditional value-at-risk.Then it is solved to obtain the operation cost optimization strategy of the RIES.Verification results show that the proposed operation cost optimization method can reduce the operation cost of high electricity price scenario by optimizing the energy purchase and distribution strategy,constrain the risk of load and electricity price uncertainties,and help balance the risks and benefits.

Multivariate Two-stage Adaptive-stacking Prediction of Regional Integrated Energy System

To reduce environmental pollution and improve the efficiency of cascaded energy utilization, regional integrated energy system(RIES) has received extensive attention. An accurate multi-energy load prediction is significant for RIES as it enables stakeholders to make effective decisions for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. To this end, this paper proposes a multivariate two-stage adaptive-stacking prediction(M2ASP) framework. First, a preprocessing module based on ensemble learning is proposed. The input data are preprocessed to provide a reliable database for M2ASP, and highly correlated input variables of multi-energy load prediction are determined. Then, the load prediction results of four predictors are adaptively combined in the first stage of M2ASP to enhance generalization ability. Predictor hyper-parameters and intermediate data sets of M2ASP are trained with a metaheuristic method named collaborative atomic chaotic search(CACS) to achieve the adaptive staking of M2ASP. Finally, a prediction correction of the peak load consumption period is conducted in the second stage of M2ASP. The case studies indicate that the proposed framework has higher prediction accuracy, generalization ability, and stability than other benchmark prediction models.

计及虚拟储能系统的区域综合能源系统优化调度策略

储能设备可以实现负荷的跨时段平移,在综合能源系统的经济稳定运行中能够起到重要作用。但当下储能投建费用较高,难以大规模应用。而通过优化用户侧可控负荷,可达到类似储能设备平移负荷的效果。从电能、热能2个角度出发,提出了利用用户侧虚拟储能的区域综合能源系统(regional integrated energy system,RIES)优化调度策略。首先基于电动汽车充电管理方法和楼宇蓄热特性,对电、热虚拟储能(virtual energy storage,VES)系统进行建模;进而将虚拟储能系统集成到考虑天气不确定性的区域综合能源系统调度模型中,该模型以降低能源系统日运行费用为优化目标,合理安排电动汽车充电并在温度舒适度范围内对建筑物室温进行调节,实现虚拟储能系统的充放能管理;最后以夏季系统用能场景为例,对优化模型进行仿真实证。仿真结果表明,虚拟储能设备可以起到负荷平移效果,削减储能配置容量。应用虚拟储能系统的区域综合能源系统优化调度模型可以在满足能源需求和温度舒适度的前提下降低系统日运行成本,提升系统运行稳定性。

考虑综合需求侧响应的区域综合能源系统多目标优化调度

为兼顾区域综合能源系统(regional integrated energy system,RIES)中能耗成本、污染排放、风电消纳等多个调度目标,建立了考虑综合需求响应的RIES多目标优化模型。首先,对含电转气、储能系统、热电联产机组等设备的RIES建模,并在区域内引入了具体考虑削减负荷、转移负荷和替代负荷的综合需求响应,旨在削减系统负荷峰谷差。然后,分别建立了以系统用能成本、弃风功率和污染物治理成本最小的目标函数,采用多目标优化方法——以模糊加权规划遍历权值求解帕累托前沿,再根据证据推理决策方法寻找最优调度策略。最后基于典型算例研究,结果表明了所提多目标优化算法能有效在多个调度目标间做出权衡,考虑综合需求响应的RIES在总能耗、环境友好和风电消纳等方面更具优势。

考虑电转气和可平移负荷的区域综合能源系统优化运行

针对可再生能源发电的消纳以及冷热电负荷需求不匹配问题,文章在原有区域综合能源系统(regional integrated energy system,RIES)的基础上,引入电转气(power to gas,P2G)技术,同时结合综合能源系统内不同种类可平移负荷的用能特性,建立了各类可平移负荷模型,对冷热电负荷平移,利用内点法求解可平移负荷模型,建立涵盖经济、能源及环境等多方面的多目标系统运行优化模型,采用粒子群优化算法获得Pareto非劣解集,并利用模糊理论获得折中解。在算例中设置多种场景,仿真分析考虑负荷平移和电转气技术的区域综合能源系统在降低系统运行成本、削峰填谷等方面的优势,从而验证所搭建模型的有效性。