Let us call a ring R (without identity) to be right symmetric if for any triple a,b,c,∈R?abc = 0 then acb = 0. Such rings are neither symmetric nor reversible (in general) but are semicommutative. With an idempotent ...Let us call a ring R (without identity) to be right symmetric if for any triple a,b,c,∈R?abc = 0 then acb = 0. Such rings are neither symmetric nor reversible (in general) but are semicommutative. With an idempotent they take care of the sheaf representation as obtained by Lambek. Klein 4-rings and their several generalizations and extensions are proved to be members of such class of rings. An extension obtained is a McCoy ring and its power series ring is also proved to be a McCoy ring.展开更多
This short exposition is about some commutativity conditions on a semiprime right Goldie Ck-ring. In particular, it is observed here that a semiprime right Goldie Ck-ring with symmetric quotient is commutative. The st...This short exposition is about some commutativity conditions on a semiprime right Goldie Ck-ring. In particular, it is observed here that a semiprime right Goldie Ck-ring with symmetric quotient is commutative. The statement holds if the symmetric ring is replaced by reduced, 2-primal, left duo, right duo, abelian, NI, NCI, IFP, or Armendariz ring.展开更多
In this paper, we define the concept of (right) partial generalized automorphisms and discuss the extension problem, and also give a characterization of (right) partial generalized automorphisms of semiprime rings. Fi...In this paper, we define the concept of (right) partial generalized automorphisms and discuss the extension problem, and also give a characterization of (right) partial generalized automorphisms of semiprime rings. Finally, we study the centralizing problem of right partial generalized automorphisms.展开更多
Let R be an abelian ring. We consider a special subring An, relative to α2,…, αn∈ REnd（R）, of the matrix ring Mn（R） over a ring R. It is shown that the ring An is a generalized right PP-ring （right zip ring）...Let R be an abelian ring. We consider a special subring An, relative to α2,…, αn∈ REnd（R）, of the matrix ring Mn（R） over a ring R. It is shown that the ring An is a generalized right PP-ring （right zip ring） if and only if the ring R is a generalized right PP-ring （right zip ring）. Our results yield more examples of generalized right PP-rings and right ziu rings.展开更多
Let R be a ring such that all left semicentral idempotents are central and （S, ≤） a strictly totally ordered monoid satisfying that 0 ≤s for all s ∈S. It is shown that [[R^S≤]], the ring of generalized power ser...Let R be a ring such that all left semicentral idempotents are central and （S, ≤） a strictly totally ordered monoid satisfying that 0 ≤s for all s ∈S. It is shown that [[R^S≤]], the ring of generalized power series with coefficients in R and exponents in S, is right p.q.Baer if and only if R is right p.q.Baer and any S-indexed subset of I（R） has a generalized join in I（R）, where I（R） is the set of all idempotents of R.展开更多
Sum of two nilpotent elements in a ring may not be nilpotent in general, but for commutative rings this sum is nilpotent. In between commutative and non-commutative rings there are several types of rings in which this...Sum of two nilpotent elements in a ring may not be nilpotent in general, but for commutative rings this sum is nilpotent. In between commutative and non-commutative rings there are several types of rings in which this property holds. For instance, reduced, NI, AI (or IFP), 2-primal, reversible and symmetric, etc. We may term these types of rings as nearby commutative rings (in short NC-rings). In this work we have studied properties and various characterizations of such rings as well as rngs. As applications, we have investigated some commutativity conditions by involving semi-projective-Morita-contexts and right Ck-Goldie rings.展开更多
Let R be a ring and （S, 〈） be a strictly totally ordered monoid satisfying that 0 〈 s for all s C S. It is shown that if A is a weakly rigid homomorphism, then the skew generalized power series ring [[RS,-〈, λ]]...Let R be a ring and （S, 〈） be a strictly totally ordered monoid satisfying that 0 〈 s for all s C S. It is shown that if A is a weakly rigid homomorphism, then the skew generalized power series ring [[RS,-〈, λ]] is right p.q.-Baer if and only if R is right p.q.-Baer and any S-indexed subset of S,（R） has a generalized join in S,（R）. Several known results follow as consequences of our results.展开更多
In this paper the sufficient and necessary conditions are given for a formal triangular matrix ring to be right PP, generalized right PP, or semihereditary, respectively.
Let R be a ring, a ,b ∈ R, ( D , α ) and (G , β ) be two generalized derivations of R . It is proved that if aD ( x ) = G ( x )b for all x ∈ R, then one of the following possibilities holds: (i) If either a or b i...Let R be a ring, a ,b ∈ R, ( D , α ) and (G , β ) be two generalized derivations of R . It is proved that if aD ( x ) = G ( x )b for all x ∈ R, then one of the following possibilities holds: (i) If either a or b is contained in C , then α = β= 0 and there exist p , q ∈ Qr ( RC) such that D ( x )= px and G ( x )= qx for all x ∈ R;(ii) If both a and b are contained in C , then either a = b= 0 or D and G are C-linearly dependent;(iii) If neither a nor b is contained in C , then there exist p , q ∈ Qr ( RC) and w ∈ Qr ( R) such that α ( x ) = [ q ,x] and β ( x ) = [ x ,p] for all x ∈ R, whence D ( x )= wx-xq and G ( x )= xp + avx with v ∈ C and aw-pb= 0.展开更多
In this paper,the I-ring which satisfies almost descending chain conditions (shorten writting A. D. C. C) on principal left ideals is studied. Two main results are gaven: (1) I-ring which satisfies A. D.C. C on princi...In this paper,the I-ring which satisfies almost descending chain conditions (shorten writting A. D. C. C) on principal left ideals is studied. Two main results are gaven: (1) I-ring which satisfies A. D.C. C on principal left ideals is Boolen. (2) Ring with identity whose principal left ideals satisfy A. D. C. C and of which each element except identity is a left zero-divisor, is Boolean.These results generalize the results of [1],[2] and [3].展开更多
本文阐述了两例犬血管环异常(vascular ring anomaly,VRA)的CT血管造影(CT angiography,CTA)诊断及手术治疗。通过术前对患犬进行CTA诊断,进行经左侧第4肋间开胸动脉韧带切断的手术治疗,并在术后对病例1进行食道球囊扩张。CTA显示两只...本文阐述了两例犬血管环异常(vascular ring anomaly,VRA)的CT血管造影(CT angiography,CTA)诊断及手术治疗。通过术前对患犬进行CTA诊断,进行经左侧第4肋间开胸动脉韧带切断的手术治疗,并在术后对病例1进行食道球囊扩张。CTA显示两只犬均存在持久性右主动脉弓(persistent right aortic arch,PRAA),并分别伴有右侧颈动脉异位发育和持久性左前腔静脉。手术治疗后,食道狭窄基本得到纠正,返流消失。CTA可对VRA进行更精确地诊断,并有助于制订具体手术方案;犬PRAA的手术治疗效果良好。展开更多
文摘Let us call a ring R (without identity) to be right symmetric if for any triple a,b,c,∈R?abc = 0 then acb = 0. Such rings are neither symmetric nor reversible (in general) but are semicommutative. With an idempotent they take care of the sheaf representation as obtained by Lambek. Klein 4-rings and their several generalizations and extensions are proved to be members of such class of rings. An extension obtained is a McCoy ring and its power series ring is also proved to be a McCoy ring.
文摘This short exposition is about some commutativity conditions on a semiprime right Goldie Ck-ring. In particular, it is observed here that a semiprime right Goldie Ck-ring with symmetric quotient is commutative. The statement holds if the symmetric ring is replaced by reduced, 2-primal, left duo, right duo, abelian, NI, NCI, IFP, or Armendariz ring.
文摘In this paper, we define the concept of (right) partial generalized automorphisms and discuss the extension problem, and also give a characterization of (right) partial generalized automorphisms of semiprime rings. Finally, we study the centralizing problem of right partial generalized automorphisms.
基金The NSF (10961021) of ChinaTRAPOYT and NWNU-KJCXGC212
文摘Let R be an abelian ring. We consider a special subring An, relative to α2,…, αn∈ REnd（R）, of the matrix ring Mn（R） over a ring R. It is shown that the ring An is a generalized right PP-ring （right zip ring） if and only if the ring R is a generalized right PP-ring （right zip ring）. Our results yield more examples of generalized right PP-rings and right ziu rings.
基金Foundation item： Supported by the Fund of Beijing Education Committee（KM200610005024） Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（10671061）
基金TRAPOYT(200280)the Cultivation Fund(704004)of the Key Scientific and Technical Innovation Project,Ministry of Education of China
文摘Let R be a ring such that all left semicentral idempotents are central and （S, ≤） a strictly totally ordered monoid satisfying that 0 ≤s for all s ∈S. It is shown that [[R^S≤]], the ring of generalized power series with coefficients in R and exponents in S, is right p.q.Baer if and only if R is right p.q.Baer and any S-indexed subset of I（R） has a generalized join in I（R）, where I（R） is the set of all idempotents of R.
文摘Sum of two nilpotent elements in a ring may not be nilpotent in general, but for commutative rings this sum is nilpotent. In between commutative and non-commutative rings there are several types of rings in which this property holds. For instance, reduced, NI, AI (or IFP), 2-primal, reversible and symmetric, etc. We may term these types of rings as nearby commutative rings (in short NC-rings). In this work we have studied properties and various characterizations of such rings as well as rngs. As applications, we have investigated some commutativity conditions by involving semi-projective-Morita-contexts and right Ck-Goldie rings.
基金The Youth Foundation(QN2012-14)of Hexi University
文摘Let R be a ring and （S, 〈） be a strictly totally ordered monoid satisfying that 0 〈 s for all s C S. It is shown that if A is a weakly rigid homomorphism, then the skew generalized power series ring [[RS,-〈, λ]] is right p.q.-Baer if and only if R is right p.q.-Baer and any S-indexed subset of S,（R） has a generalized join in S,（R）. Several known results follow as consequences of our results.
基金Partially supported by the Fund (KM200610005024) of Beijing Education Committeethe NNSF (10671061) of China.
文摘In this paper the sufficient and necessary conditions are given for a formal triangular matrix ring to be right PP, generalized right PP, or semihereditary, respectively.
文摘Let R be a ring, a ,b ∈ R, ( D , α ) and (G , β ) be two generalized derivations of R . It is proved that if aD ( x ) = G ( x )b for all x ∈ R, then one of the following possibilities holds: (i) If either a or b is contained in C , then α = β= 0 and there exist p , q ∈ Qr ( RC) such that D ( x )= px and G ( x )= qx for all x ∈ R;(ii) If both a and b are contained in C , then either a = b= 0 or D and G are C-linearly dependent;(iii) If neither a nor b is contained in C , then there exist p , q ∈ Qr ( RC) and w ∈ Qr ( R) such that α ( x ) = [ q ,x] and β ( x ) = [ x ,p] for all x ∈ R, whence D ( x )= wx-xq and G ( x )= xp + avx with v ∈ C and aw-pb= 0.
文摘In this paper,the I-ring which satisfies almost descending chain conditions (shorten writting A. D. C. C) on principal left ideals is studied. Two main results are gaven: (1) I-ring which satisfies A. D.C. C on principal left ideals is Boolen. (2) Ring with identity whose principal left ideals satisfy A. D. C. C and of which each element except identity is a left zero-divisor, is Boolean.These results generalize the results of [1],[2] and [3].
文摘本文阐述了两例犬血管环异常(vascular ring anomaly,VRA)的CT血管造影(CT angiography,CTA)诊断及手术治疗。通过术前对患犬进行CTA诊断,进行经左侧第4肋间开胸动脉韧带切断的手术治疗,并在术后对病例1进行食道球囊扩张。CTA显示两只犬均存在持久性右主动脉弓(persistent right aortic arch,PRAA),并分别伴有右侧颈动脉异位发育和持久性左前腔静脉。手术治疗后,食道狭窄基本得到纠正,返流消失。CTA可对VRA进行更精确地诊断,并有助于制订具体手术方案;犬PRAA的手术治疗效果良好。
