The Division Method of Winter Wheat Drought Risk Zones in Hebei-Shandong-Henan under Irrigation Conditions

The average rainfall in whole growth period of winter wheat to plus or minus several times of sample variance was used to define different grades of drought.The reduction rate of production in meteorological which was equal to or greater than the rate of 3% was taken as standards to define wheat drought disaster years.The average reduction ratio of production in the wheat drought years in Hebei-Shandong-Henan was calculated.The frequency distribution rule of wheat in different drought disaster strength of winter wheat in Hebei-Shandong-Henan was analyzed.According to the conception and calculation method of drought disaster risk index of winter wheat,the regional distribution law of drought disaster risk index of winter wheat was analyzed.The division technical methods of winter wheat drought disaster risk zones in Hebei-Shandong-Henan under the irrigated conditions were put forward.Taking the average reduction rate of production in drought years,drought disaster risk index and precipitation of winter wheat in growth periods as indices,using the statistical analysis and overlay function of GIS,the production reduction risk of winter wheat caused by drought disaster in winter wheat zones of Hebei-Shandong-Henan was divided and evaluated.The risk evaluation of production reduction of winter wheat in different risk zones under different climate conditions was realized.The disaster prevention and mitigation measures of winter wheat drought were given.

城市地质环境风险性分区评价体系

城市地质环境风险性分区评价体系由三级指标体系和三层次用户体系构成。一级指标体系反映城市地质环境风险性分区评价指标;二级指标体系反映城市地质环境条件基础性、城市地质灾害危险性和城市地球化学脆弱性分区评价指标;三级指标体系反映城市地质环境基本组成元素的评价指标。3个不同级别的评价结果主要应用于政府决策机构、城市规划部门、城市管理和建设设计部门3个不同层次的用户。

襄渝铁路(胡家营-万源段)地质灾害发育特征及危险性评价

通过现场地质灾害详细调查、分析,发现襄渝铁路(胡家营至万源段)沿线主要地质灾害有滑坡、崩塌落石、溜坍和泥石流等类型,其中崩塌落石灾害为主,占总灾害点数量的3/4以上,其次为溜坍、滑坡和泥石流灾害。在此基础上,运用层次分析综合指数法对各类型地质灾害单点进行了危险性评价,评价结果表明地质灾害危险性极严重灾害点19个,严重点55个,中等和轻微点分别为103个和44个。通过汇总全线地质灾害点建立了全线(胡家营至万源段)地质灾害危险性评价模型,运用模糊综合评判法,对全线地质灾害危险性进行了分区评价,分区评价结果表明:该段铁路评价长度289km中极高危险区0km,高度危险区179km,中度和低度危险区均为55km。

21世纪中国地质灾害防治形势与减灾战略思考

文章论述了21世纪中国地质灾害减灾面临的形势是既存在许多有利条件又存在多方面困难而面临严重挑战。提出21世纪地质灾害减灾战略:1 建立地质灾害防治安全维护体系;2 优先安排西部地区地质灾害防治工程,实施地质灾害风险管理;3 建立矿山地质灾害防治监督管理体系;4 城市地质灾害防治与土地利用相结合;5 加强我国地质环境监测与网站建设;6 针对地质灾害区域分布规律,采取分区减灾对策;7 加大地质灾害防治投入力度。