Introduction: Tuberculosis is a major health problem in developing countries including Sudan. Screening for TB cases through Household contacts (HHCs) investigation is an appropriate strategy to interrupt transmission...Introduction: Tuberculosis is a major health problem in developing countries including Sudan. Screening for TB cases through Household contacts (HHCs) investigation is an appropriate strategy to interrupt transmission of TB. Objectives: To determine the prevalence tuberculosis infection and risk factors for tuberculosis infection among household contacts in Wadimadani locality, Central State, Sudan, between November 2015 and April 2016. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study conducted. During study period, to confirm TB diagnosis, all suspect contacts were tested through sputum samples, tuberculin skin test or chest X-ray. Structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and environmental factors. Results: One hundred forty six patients of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study, 657 household contacts were identified and screened. Forty three new TB cases were detected from household contacts, yielding a prevalence of 6.5% (95% confidence interval = 0.05, 0.09) of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Two factors were significantly associated with LTBI among HHCs: duration of contact with a TB patient ≤ 4 months (P = 0.03) and the educational status (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Screening of HHCs of index case of TB will contribute in early detection and treatment of new cases, and considered as a forward step towards eliminating TB.展开更多
Objective To investigate the risk factors of acute hepatitis B virus through blood and sexual contact transmission in Beijing.Methods A population-based 1∶2matched case-control study was used in our survey.Three hund...Objective To investigate the risk factors of acute hepatitis B virus through blood and sexual contact transmission in Beijing.Methods A population-based 1∶2matched case-control study was used in our survey.Three hundred and one acute hepatitis B cases living展开更多
目的系统评价新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)密切接触者感染的危险因素。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、Wed of Science、PubMed、Embase、CBM、WF、CNKI和VIP数据库建库至2021年1月5日有关新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者感染危险因素的研...目的系统评价新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)密切接触者感染的危险因素。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、Wed of Science、PubMed、Embase、CBM、WF、CNKI和VIP数据库建库至2021年1月5日有关新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者感染危险因素的研究,对纳入的文献进行质量评价并提取相关数据,使用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果本研究共纳入10篇文献,共计样本量34979例,其中感染组1399例,未感染组33580例。年龄(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.63~2.13,P=0.000),接触者为患者家属(OR=12.91,95%CI:7.64~21.80,P=0.000),同住(OR=2.79,95%CI:2.05~3.80,P=0.000),同餐(OR=16.58,95%CI:10.67~25.76,P=0.000),接触频率(OR=4.33,95%CI:3.21~5.84,P=0.000),均是新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者感染的危险因素。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者感染发生率高,应识别危险因素并制订预防策略,从而减少感染的发生。展开更多
文摘Introduction: Tuberculosis is a major health problem in developing countries including Sudan. Screening for TB cases through Household contacts (HHCs) investigation is an appropriate strategy to interrupt transmission of TB. Objectives: To determine the prevalence tuberculosis infection and risk factors for tuberculosis infection among household contacts in Wadimadani locality, Central State, Sudan, between November 2015 and April 2016. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study conducted. During study period, to confirm TB diagnosis, all suspect contacts were tested through sputum samples, tuberculin skin test or chest X-ray. Structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and environmental factors. Results: One hundred forty six patients of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study, 657 household contacts were identified and screened. Forty three new TB cases were detected from household contacts, yielding a prevalence of 6.5% (95% confidence interval = 0.05, 0.09) of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Two factors were significantly associated with LTBI among HHCs: duration of contact with a TB patient ≤ 4 months (P = 0.03) and the educational status (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Screening of HHCs of index case of TB will contribute in early detection and treatment of new cases, and considered as a forward step towards eliminating TB.
文摘Objective To investigate the risk factors of acute hepatitis B virus through blood and sexual contact transmission in Beijing.Methods A population-based 1∶2matched case-control study was used in our survey.Three hundred and one acute hepatitis B cases living
文摘目的系统评价新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)密切接触者感染的危险因素。方法计算机检索Cochrane Library、Wed of Science、PubMed、Embase、CBM、WF、CNKI和VIP数据库建库至2021年1月5日有关新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者感染危险因素的研究,对纳入的文献进行质量评价并提取相关数据,使用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果本研究共纳入10篇文献,共计样本量34979例,其中感染组1399例,未感染组33580例。年龄(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.63~2.13,P=0.000),接触者为患者家属(OR=12.91,95%CI:7.64~21.80,P=0.000),同住(OR=2.79,95%CI:2.05~3.80,P=0.000),同餐(OR=16.58,95%CI:10.67~25.76,P=0.000),接触频率(OR=4.33,95%CI:3.21~5.84,P=0.000),均是新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者感染的危险因素。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者感染发生率高,应识别危险因素并制订预防策略,从而减少感染的发生。
