How Sense of Ritual in Tourism Impacts Tourists’Co-Creation of Tourism Experience Values:A Study Based on the Theory of Value Co-Creation

Establishing a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios offers tourists the opportunity for interactive engagement.Drawing upon the value co-creation theory,this study constructed an influence mechanism model to examine tourists'active engagement in the process of co-creating tourism experience values.It employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)to empirically test the proposed hypotheses.The findings demonstrate that the model constructed in the present study exhibits robust reliability,validity,and explanatory power.The perception of the sense of ritual in tourism exerts a significant positive influence on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values,thereby significantly enhancing both the communitas and flow experienced by tourists during their travels.Moreover,such communitas and flow can mediate the influence of the sense of ritual in tourism on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values.This study contributes to advancing the current research on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values and the sense of ritual in tourism,thereby providing theoretical foundations for cultivating a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios.

Return to Reality:Speculative Design of Interaction Ritual Chains and Exploration of Alone Together

“Alone together”is an ever-changing“wicked problem.”In this research and practice,the author tries to combine experience design,referring to the theory of“interaction ritual chain theory,”and creatively add interactive experience to discursive works,so that the audience can think between the real and the virtual.

Implications of The Gift of the Magi for Moral Education of Teenagers From the Perspective of Interaction Ritual Chains

Adolescence is a pivotal moment in shaping one’s character and holds great implications for one’s values and personal growth.The Gift of the Magi by O.Henry portrays how an ordinary young couple in difficult financial circumstances managed to show their love for each other,eulogizing truth,goodness,and beauty in humanity.We conducted a thorough examination of the significance of moral values conveyed in The Gift of the Magi for teenager education using the“situation-emotion-symbol”model that is based on Randall Collins’theory of interaction ritual chains in order to establish an interaction ritual chain model for moral education of teenagers.Our study reveals that situated cognition is useful in constructing the focus of attention for the moral education of teenagers;that shared emotion is the driving force for achieving moral education of teenagers;and that symbolic connections help teenagers put the virtues they’ve learned from The Gift of the Magi into action and provides effective measures that can significantly contribute to the cultivation and implementation of moral education among teenagers.

典章制度文献:我国古代音乐历史演变的丰盈载体--中国音乐史学问题思索之九

在我国古代社会,典章中的礼乐制度分“礼”和“乐”两部分。礼,主要对人的身份进行划分和社会规范,最终形成等级制度;乐,是基于礼的等级制度,运用音乐进行缓解社会矛盾。由于历代统治者对“礼乐”的推崇,在我国悠久的历史中,留存了大量的、具有音乐信息或与音乐有关典章制度的文献。文章论及与中国古代音乐史研究有关的历代礼制文献中的“礼乐”文献、典章制度中的音乐文献、会要类书等著作中有关的礼乐文献。这些文献呈现出广博浩繁的史料特征,对探索古代音乐历史事件产生、延展到衰亡的真谛,起到决定性的作用。

礼制与中国古代服饰色彩

儒家思想肯定艺术和审美在社会生活中的作用,提倡以典章制度的形式对礼义的内涵进行规范化。服饰是礼制的载体之一,先秦至秦汉,随着正色、间色的区分以及五色体系的形成,服饰色彩更多体现出观念性、象征性。历代典章制度对皇室贵族及官民各阶层的服饰色彩都有相应的等级规定,以体现各阶层的等级秩序。这些制度成为影响中国历代服饰色彩变化的重要因素。文章对礼制与中国古代服饰色彩进行了详细分析,以供参考。

互动仪式链理论及其在信息系统研究领域的应用与展望

[目的/意义]本文旨在厘清互动仪式链理论的发展历程及其在信息系统研究领域中的应用现状,填补国内信息系统研究领域在使用互动仪式链理论过程中的空缺。[方法/过程]本文对国内外以互动仪式链为理论基础的文献进行整理归纳,总结得出互动仪式链在信息系统研究中取得的成果、局限和未来值得关注的研究方向。[结果/结论]目前互动仪式链理论在信息系统领域的研究主要集中于社会化媒体用户行为研究、信息技术服务研究以及知识分享行为研究3个方面,鉴于现有研究的局限性,未来研究可从研究对象差异化、研究方法多样化、用户群体细分化、研究方向创新4个角度切入,不断丰富互动仪式链理论在信息系统领域的研究成果。

苏轼的礼制思想及其对宋代礼制的维护

苏轼重视国家礼制的建设与维护,对礼的起源、本质及功能等方面有着自己的见解,形成了自己的礼制思想。苏轼认为,国家统治秩序的稳定、国家的繁荣发展需要礼制的维护。苏轼不仅自己严格遵循礼制,同时要求民众也要遵循礼制。对于民众违反丧礼、军礼等礼制规定,甚至对皇室成员也有违反卤簿制度的行为,苏轼均积极采取措施,坚决维护国家礼制,对北宋礼制建设作出了重要贡献。

情感与符号:互动仪式链视角下JK制服群体的建构与维系

近年来各类网络虚拟社区林立,JK制服圈子成为时下最具热度的青年亚文化群体之一。在JK制服圈子出现热潮的同时,其内部时常爆发反常互动,甚至大规模冲突。然而在冲突之后,JK制服群体不仅没有解体,反而呈现出更为紧密的互动景象。在互联网时代背景下,批判性地使用互动仪式链理论,通过分析JK制服群体这一亚文化群体的建构与维系机制发现,情感能量和符号体系作为核心要素,能够串联起亚文化群体日常的互动仪式,使亚文化群体得以初步建构并渐趋稳固;而符号体系的破坏以及情感能量的差异也会导致反常互动甚至冲突,即反常的互动仪式,但反常的互动仪式也有其调和与重构的独特作用,借此JK制服群体自身可以实现群内冲突的消解与群体的长久维系。

An analysis of the interaction mechanism between the social history of medicine research and health communication from the perspective of mass communication

The mass communication model and interactive ritual chain theory,which serve as communication paradigms in the new media era,facilitate and enhance the synergy between the fields of social history of medicine and health communication.This study employs a comprehensive framework based on the five elements of the mass communication model:information source,communication subject,communication object,message content,and post-communication feedback.Additionally,it incorporates the interactive ritual chain theory to examine the evolving dynamics and developmental trajectory of research in the social history of medicine during the new media era.Conclusively,this paper acknowledges the existing interaction gaps in the interaction between health communication and the social history of medicine research while outlining the challenges for fostering collaboration and proposing strategic optimizations for effective integration.

西周文学制度与早期中国文学精神特质之生成

在殷周之际的思想文化变革中,周公制礼作乐的意识形态建构不自觉地促生了西周的文学制度。西周文学制度肇基于礼乐,孕育了独特的文学精神特质,奠定了中国文学的文化基因。具体表现为:礼乐书写制度彰显指向现实的精神向度,教化主题促生趋向温婉中和的审美取向,农业经验涵养深厚的历史理性精神,礼乐文献承载形成体例独特的文学表达。西周文学制度依“礼”“教”“经”“体”之制度四维建构了早期中国文学精神特质的生成场域,影响了中国古代文学在后世的发展走向。

从《大唐开元礼》看唐朝礼乐制度的新变及影响

中华文明是在不断交流与融合中逐渐形成的,我国古代的礼乐制度亦是如此。唐朝作为中国历史上一个强大而开放的封建王朝,其礼仪制度必然对后世影响颇深。唐朝礼仪制度的形成与其所处的时代环境有着重要关联,是唐朝统治者根据政治需求结合实际条件而制定的封建礼仪制度。《大唐开元礼》作为盛唐时期官修的礼仪制度,可从各个方面展现盛唐时期的礼乐,从中既可以看到对前朝礼乐的继承,也可看到在盛世之下礼乐制度的革新。

Cultural Heritage Assets: Rituals, Grinding Hollows and Other Socio-Cultural Practices in Simiyu Region, Tanzania

This paper presents results from preliminary assessments in Ngasamo ward, Busega district in Simiyu region. The main objective was to assess cultural heritage assets in some areas of Bariadi district in Simiyu region. Specific objectives of the assessment are to identify tangible cultural heritage resources in Simiyu region;to identify intangible cultural heritage resources in Simiyu region;and to provide suggestions for pertinent protection, conservation and presentation of cultural heritage resources. The assessment was carried out through surveys that included documentation together with records for Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates per surveyed locality;key informant interviews;and Focus Group Discussion. Results from the assessment revealed several worship areas that include immovable physical objects associated to ritual performance places. For example, wells like Luhuhi in Ilula village, Nkindwa biye tree in Ilula village, Magahi well in Isenge village, Isangijo hill at Isenge village, Dutwa well in Isenge village, Nyabusalu well in Igalukilo village and similar others are worship places that were revealed by informants. The assessment uncovered granite rock boulders that are being chopped off flakes for traditional medicine use in the area. Some cultural heritage sites have been identified such that a lot more needs to be explored in order to establish existence of other physical cultural heritage sites in Busega district, Bariadi district. For example, the grinding hollows, bao and the like are unique heritage resources. Such resources including undiscovered immovable archaeological objects would need presentation of sustainable preservation as well as conservation plans in line with Antiquities Acts, Antiquities Rules and Monuments of 1980 together with Cultural Heritage Policy of 2008.

Cross-cultural Perspective of Three Wedding Rituals in China and Western Countries

The paper mainly presents three rituals in China and western countries with the documentary method,namely wedding dressand decoration,wedding ceremony,and wedding banquet,then discusses their similarities and differences,helping people to know aboutwedding culture in eastern and western countries.

Pagan Ritual as a Means of Therapy and Self-Empowerment

The question that I attempted to consider relates to the advantages of contemporary Pagan rituals,as performed by a group of Israeli Pagans nowadays.Ritual is viewed as a special language that is expressed in structured actions,performed in a special space,at a specific period of time.Humans have the capacity to create a verbal language and use it for social communication.A similar mechanism enables humans to create rituals.Ritual behavior is initiated by a certain cause,which means that it has a purpose.Most scholars consider ritual as a social mechanism that enables society to experience its ethos,and bring different streams of ideologies into cohesion.It is also accepted that ritual is performed in order to restore order in the social type of existence that has been threatened or damaged.Among the different ritual theories on which I base my approach,I prefer Gruenwald’s ritual theory.Gruenwald understands ritual as a performative expression of cerebral(or cortical)processes,similar to the linguistic cognitive and conceptual processes.In religion,rituals are performed in a context that seeks meaning in the framework of the holy(Gruenwald,2003,pp.3,12).The actual performance of ritual ceremony achieves its goal by causing actual transformation of the reality that needs change(for instance:creating a sacred time,or conferring a sacred status).The actual change is a mental transformation;the mind strives to gain control over reality.The ritual performed restores an infracted metaphysical condition.According to Gruenwald,in order to achieve the ritual goal it has to be performed in some context that is meaningful for the participants.The myth,of which the participants are familiar with,confers that context.The Neo-Pagan ritual context is based on the mythic idea that our universe is interconnected in an all-inclusive energetic web.I intend to demonstrate the process that enables the ritual participants to undergo an emotional and spiritual transformation that elevates their self-esteem,and give their life a meaning of a life worth living.

Exploring Tourism Risk at Jaffna Peninsula with Special Reference to Keerimalai Ritual Beach Site in Sri Lanka

Ritual beach sites are considered as one of the major travel motives for the tourists to visit Sri Lanka.Jaffna is rich with wonderful ritual beach sites including Keerimalai and Villunri areas.Many local and foreign tourists arrive at these ritual beach sites every day.Ensuring safety of tourists in the tourist destinations is considered as one of the important factors which determine the revisit and for remaining the higher number of tourist arrivals.But,the studies about the risks for tourists at the destinations,especially in the ritual beach sites,were very rarely conducted by the researchers.Therefore,a study to explore the tourism risks at the ritual beach site was considered very important.Further,if the tourists feel that the particular destination is risky,the image of the destination shall be affected and also tourists may negatively convey the message to others.Therefore,the main objective of this study is to identify the factors influencing the tourism risk in Jaffna Keerimalai ritual sea site.This study also recommends overcoming destination risks to ensure propensity of the repeat visit and word of mouth communication.For this purpose,the study was carried out by using the mix research methodology.Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to carry out the study.Furthermore,the Keerimalai ritual beach site was selected through the convenience sample technique.Primary data were collected through self-administered questionnaires and the observation techniques.The 5-point Likert scale method was used to analyze the data through SPSS Version 20.This study revealed that Keerimalai ritual sea site has risk for tourists and this may affect revisit and word of positive recommendation.Alcohol addiction,theft activity,violations,rocks under the sea water,safety and security signs and polluted water are harmful to the tourist.In spite of all these risks,there are many tourists who still visit Keerimalai ritual area to accomplish their cultural rituals.

Ritual Traditions of the Three Dynasties and the Continuity of the Chinese Civilization

The rule of rites was the fundamental pattern of the governance in the Xia,Shang and Zhou dynasties(i.e.the Three Dynasties).As a complex system of political and cultural practices with political,religious and moral attributes,rites legitimately and structurally underpinned the royal regime,therefore ensuring regime stability,integrating social relations,and enhancing recognition of cultural and political identities.Ritual traditions of the Three Dynasties went beyond extrinsic rites and institutions to include intrinsic spiritual traditions,e.g.divinity of the Heaven,conformity with ancestral heritage,and derivative moral values such as the pursuit of ethics and rewards for benevolence.Also included were the sense of blood relationships,the sense of clanship,the sense of ethics and the sense of filial piety and fraternal duty based on ancestral worship.Through the enlightenment of ritual music,the sense of rites was internalized as the collective value and cultural identity of the members of a society.Therefore,early nations that were founded upon rites functioned as a community of politics,culture and morality.Rites,having been internalized as cultural elements of the Chinese people,shaped the ways of thinking and behavior.It is fair to say that rites have served as the fundamental bedrock for the continuity of the Chinese civilization.

The Construction of Value Identity Through Ritual Education:Its Internal Logic and Practice Approach Based on a Case Study of Ritual Education in Jiangsu

Ritual education has become an important social approach to disciplining individuals and constructing value identity because of its unique attributes and its capacity to reshape individual behaviors and values through ritual practice.Only by properly grasping the internal logic of the construction of value identity through ritual education can we accurately identify problems arising from ritual education and put forward practical countermeasures and suggestions accordingly.Through the“eight etiquette rules and four ceremonies”campaign and the national memorial ceremony for the Nanjing Massacre victims,Jiangsu has accumulated rich experience in ritual education.Still,in theory,there remain misconceptions;in practice,old problems persist,such as the preference of form to content and lack of refinement and effective use of ritual symbols.The solution to these problems must be based on a thorough understanding of the internal logic of the construction of value identity through ritual education.It is also necessary to further improve ritual space,ritual practices,ritual symbols,and ritual themes to develop an exemplary Jiangsu approach to ritual education in China.

Ritual Treatment of Shamans in Northeast China

Shaman originates from the Tungusic-Ian language.In northeast China,the Shamanism traditions have gradually merged,and formed a compound belief form of polytheism and immortality.When a Shaman enters a special state,he has special abilities beyond ordinary people,such as divination,healing,and disaster relief.The most important thing is that as a messenger of communication between man and God,the Shaman expresses his wishes to God.Man communicates the will of God.The Shaman relies on the drum dance and sings the divine music,through the Shaman ritual to convey the request of people and the will of God.This article summarizes the Shaman's ritual therapy methods(music therapy and dance therapy)and psychological mechanism research,and provides a reference for ritual therapy.

Visual Nationalism and Communal Rituals:Park Saengkwang’s Art and Korean Shamanism

This paper analyzes Park Saengkwang(1904-1985)’s artwork,created in the 1980s and influenced by Musok,Korean Shamanism.It explores Musok’s thematic significance in the development of his distinctive style and the inspiration behind his stylistic changes.Park’s ink paintings are done in bold and intense colors and create an intriguing,mysterious mood,inviting the viewers to the primordial visual experience and exposing its viewers to Korean Shamanism,which has endured the perception that fluctuated between positive and negative throughout Korean history.The practice became a fitting cultural emblem associated with the national identity during the 1970s and 1980s,and thus became a way for Park to explicitly articulate his cultural roots,creating a visual connotation of“Korean.”His art,portraying gut,Korean shamanistic communal rituals,could be conceived as a pictorial rendering of the idea of kibok,praying for good fortune,and served as a pujŏk,talisman paper,that possesses magical healing and protecting power.By striving to overcome the stylistic conflicts between Korean and Japanese,or traditional and Western,Park’s art accomplished the visual rhetoric of national aesthetic sensitivity that built on the communal thoughts and cultural experience of shamanism in the modern history of Korea.

The Wonderful Winter——Report on Monlam Religious Ritual in Labrang Monastery

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