Analysis of the causes of primary revision after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A case series

BACKGROUND Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)has great advantages in the treatment of unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis,but its revision rate is higher than that of total knee arthroplasty.AIM To summarize and analyse the causes of revision after UKA.METHODS This is a retrospective case series study in which the reasons for the first revision after UKA are summarized.We analysed the clinical symptoms,medical histories,laboratory test results,imaging examination results and treatment processes of the patients who underwent revision and summarized the reasons for primary revision after UKA.RESULTS A total of 13 patients,including 3 males and 10 females,underwent revision surgery after UKA.The average age of the included patients was 67.62 years.The prosthesis was used for 3 d to 72 months.The main reasons for revision after UKA were improper suturing of the surgical opening(1 patient),osteophytes(2 patients),intra-articular loose bodies(2 patients),tibial prosthesis loosening(2 patients),rheumatoid arthritis(1 patient),gasket dislocation(3 patients),anterior cruciate ligament injury(1 patient),and medial collateral ligament injury with residual bone cement(1 patient).CONCLUSION The causes of primary revision after UKA were gasket dislocation,osteophytes,intra-articular loose bodies and tibial prosthesis loosening.Avoidance of these factors may greatly reduce the rate of revision after UKA,improve patient satisfaction and reduce medical burden.

Analysis of causes for revision in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

The study by Zhao et al identifies the factors leading to the failure of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)in their patients.These factors include substandard suturing of the wound,the presence of osteophytes and intra-articular loose bodies causing impingement,premature loosening of the tibial component,choosing unsuitable patients for the procedure,dislocation of the movable insert,and damage to the anterior cruciate ligament and medial collateral ligament.The findings suggest that employing the correct surgical techniques and indications is essential for successful outcomes in the UKA.

Insights into complications after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Zhao's study,offers a comprehensive analysis of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)revision indications.The study provides a detailed,case-by-case analysis of the factors leading to knee revision surgery in 13 patients.Not only elucidates the complexities of UKA revisions but also underscores the importance of continuous improvement in surgical techniques and the adoption of innovative technologies.

How to manage and avoid revision after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty?

The article by Zhao et al presents a retrospective case series on the reasons for initial revision after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA).Clarifying the reasons that may cause UKA revision can further reduce the rate of revision UKA,focusing on gasket dislocation,osteophytes,intra-articular loose bodies,and tibial prosthesis loosening.This article provides valuable insights,not only by detailing the revision status of 13 patients who underwent revision after initial UKA but also by providing a comprehensive analysis of the incidence of revision after initial UKA.By reviewing and analyzing the causes,they established references for the early detection of risk factors for revision in clinical practice and for formulating surgical strategies and rehabilitation programmes.This commentary emphasizes the need for a meticulous understanding and an analysis of the revision rate following initial UKA and related management strategies.The implant rates,regional variation,and benefits of uncemented Oxford UKA have been explored,particularly in terms of bone preservation,appropriate surgical techniques,and weight management to control complications and improve patient prognosis.

Outcomes of mobile bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in medial osteoarthritis knee with and without preoperative genu recurvatum

AIM To compare clinical outcomes of patients with and without preoperative genu recurvatum(GR) following mobile bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA). METHODS We prospectively followed 176 patients for at least 24 mo who had been treated by unilateral, minimally invasive, Oxford UKA. Patients with medial osteoarthritis(OA) knee and preoperative GR(Group Ⅰ) accounted for 18%(n = 32) and patients without preoperative GR(Group Ⅱ) accounted for the remaining 82%(n = 144). Knee score, pain scores, and functional scores were assessed for each patient and compared between the two groups. The incidence of postoperative GRand the postoperative hyperextension angles also were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS The pain score, knee score and functional score were not significantly different between the two groups. Similarly, the incidence of postoperative GR and the measured hyperextension angles were not significantly different between the two groups. The incidence of postoperative GR was 1/32(3.12%) in Group Ⅰ and 1/144(0.69%) in Group Ⅱ(P = 0.34). The mean postoperative hyperextension angles were 2.40°± 2.19°(range: 1°-7°) for Group Ⅰ and 1.57°± 3.51°(range: 1°-6°) for Group Ⅱ(P = 0.65).CONCLUSION Medial OA of the knee and concomitant GR is not a contraindication for the mobile bearing UKA.

Lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty:A review

Isolated lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee is a rare condition affecting approximately 1%of the population,which is ten times less common than osteoarthritis affecting only the medial compartment.Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)has many potential advantages over total knee arthroplasty.The benefits of UKA include a smaller incision,preservation of more native tissue(including cruciate ligaments and bone),decreased blood loss,and better overall proprioception.When UKA was first introduced in the 1970s,the outcomes of medial UKA(MUKA)were poor,but the few cases of lateral UKA(LUKA)showed promise.Since that time,there has been a relative paucity of literature focused specifically on LUKA given it is a rare procedure.Refinements in patient selection criteria,implant design,and surgical technique have been made leading to increased popularity.A review of the recent literature reveals that LUKA is associated with excellent long-term clinical outcomes and implant survivorship when performed in properly selected patients.Implant design options include fixed vs mobile bearing as well as metal backed vs all polyethylene tibial component,with improved outcomes noted with fixed bearing designs.Three reasons cited for revision(i.e.,fracture of the femoral component,fracture of the tibial component,and valgus malalignment)had been reported in past literature but not recently.Presently,while rare,the most common cause of failure and need for revision are osteoarthritis progression and aseptic loosening.Despite the need for an occasional revision procedure,the survivorship of LUKA is comparable to MUKA,although it should be noted that outcomes of MUKA have been notably varied.Continued pursuit of improved techniques and implant designs will continue to show LUKA to be an excellent procedure for appropriately indicated patients.

A Research on the Early Effect of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty for Unicompartment Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Objective: To evaluate the early clinical effect of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for medial unicompartment osteoarthritis of knee in the old people, providing the evidence for the treatment of clinic. Methods: From January of 2016 to January of 2017, 20 cases of knee osteoarthritis in medial unicompartment were treated by unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. The knee joint range of motion (ROM), visual analogue scale (VAS) and knee functional Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores were preoperatively recorded. The loss of blood and time of operation were intraoperative recorded. The satisfaction of patient, knee joint range of motion (ROM) and knee functional special surgical hospital score (HSS score) were postoperatively recorded at one year. Results: All patients have been followed up at an average of twelve months. The operation time was 94 - 135 min, mean 105.6 min. The blood loss was 150 - 500 ml, mean 315 ml. The postoperative HSS and ROM were both reduced. The last follow-up, there were no meniscus subluxation, loose prosthesis, and lateral ventricular osteoarthritis or other complications. Conclusion: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has the advantages of small operation trauma, early postoperative effect and quick recovery.

Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A Perspective from Computer Assisted Navigation

Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty (UKA) is an established procedure for the treatment of unicompartmental arthritis. Success depends on a clear understanding of the principles and kinematics of the knee. Restoration of the physiological axis and soft tissue balancing is the key to a successful outcome. We outline the basic principles of UKA and the role of computer assisted surgery in achieving these goals.

Internal fixation and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for an elderly patient with patellar fracture and anteromedial osteoarthritis:A case report

BACKGROUND Open reduction and internal fixation(ORIF)is the traditional surgical treatment for patellar fractures,and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA),especially Oxford UKA,has been increasingly used in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis(OA).However,the process of choosing treatment for patients with both patellar fractures and anteromedial knee OA remains unclear.We present the case of a patient with a patellar fracture and anteromedial OA.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 72-year-old woman with a history of bilateral medial compartment OA of the knees and a right Oxford UKA.She also experienced a recent left patellar fracture.ORIF and Oxford UKA were performed in a single stage.The patient showed excellent postoperative clinical results.CONCLUSION ORIF and Oxford UKA can be performed simultaneously for patients with patellar fracture and anteromedial OA on the same knee.

Current Trends in Clinical Practice for the Minimal Invasive Medial Unicondylar Knee Arthroplasty

Unicondylar Knee Arthroplasty (UKA) is an early alternative surgical procedure for the unicondylar osteoarthritis or damaged knee joint with artificial prosthesis for the release of disabling painful condition and restoring the normal knee functions. Minimally UKA is one of the recent and the majority successful procedures in modern orthopedics for the osteoarthritis which is spreading throughout the worldwide. Recently, many orthopedic surgeons are expanding their abilities in this field. However, it needs good knowledge and well experience for the successful clinical outcomes. The minimal invasive approach is more efficient for short hospital stay and faster postoperative recovery with low morbidity of the patients after UKA. The aim of this article is to emphasize the steps in UKA based on modern facts: function of knee joint, diagnosis, less invasive approach for medial condylar replacement, radiographic evaluation, and earlier recovery, selecting the patient and implant survivorship with review of surgery.

Influence of patellofemoral joint degeneration on clinical outcomes after medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Background:Patellofemoral joint(PFJ)degeneration has traditionally been regarded as a contraindication to unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA).More recently,some researchers have proposed that PFJ degeneration can be ignored in medial UKA,and others have proposed that this change should be reviewed in PFJ degenerative facets and severity.This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of PFJ degeneration on patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs)and revision rates after medial UKA.Methods:Electronic databases(PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,etc.)were searched for studies assessing the influence of PFJ degeneration on medial UKA.A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted for the Oxford knee score(OKS),Knee society score(KSS),and revision rates and stratified by PFJ degenerative facets(medial/lateral/trochlear/unspecified),severe PFJ degeneration(bone exposed),and bearing type(mobile/fixed).Heterogeneity was assessed by the Cochran Q test statistic and chi-squared tests with the I-squared statistic.Results:A total of 34 articles with 7007 knees(2267 with PFJ degeneration)were included(5762 mobile-bearing and 1145 fixed-bearing and 100 unspecified).Slight to moderate degenerative changes in the medial and trochlear facets did not decrease the OKS and KSS,and only lateral facets significantly decreased the OKS(mean difference[MD]=-2.18,P<0.01)and KSS(MD=-2.61,P<0.01).The severity degree of PFJ degeneration had no additional adverse effect on the OKS,KSS,or revision rates.For mobile-bearing UKA,only lateral PFJ degeneration significantly decreased the OKS(MD=-2.21,P<0.01)and KSS(MD=-2.44,P<0.01).For fixed-bearing UKA,no correlation was found between PROMs/revision rates and PFJ degeneration.Conclusion:For medial mobile-bearing UKA,slight to moderate degenerative changes in the PFJ,except lateral facet,did not compromise PROMs or revision rates.For medial fixed-bearing UKA,although it might not be conclusive enough,PROMs or revision rates were not adversely affected by PFJ degeneration(regardless of the facet).

微创单髁置换术对膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者术后膝关节及平衡功能恢复的影响

目的探讨微创单髁置换术对膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者术后膝关节及平衡功能恢复的影响。方法选取2020年9月至2023年6月在新乡医学院第一附属医院接受治疗的70例膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,依据治疗方式分为全膝置换组(29例,接受全膝关节置换术)和单髁置换组(41例,接受单髁膝关节置换术)。比较两组手术相关指标、手术前后膝关节功能、平衡功能及术后3个月影像学指标变化。统计两组术后并发症。结果与全膝置换组比较,单髁置换组手术时间和住院时间缩短,术中出血量减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组术后引流量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与术前比较,术后3、6个月两组美国特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节评分均逐渐增加,且术后3、6个月单髁置换组HSS量表评分高于全膝置换组(P<0.05)。与术前比较,术后3、6个月两组Berg平衡量表(BBS)评分均逐渐增加,且术后3、6个月单髁置换组BBS量表评分高于全膝置换组(P<0.05)。术后3个月,两组假体影像学参数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后并发症总发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论全膝关节置换和单髁膝关节置换两种术式均可有效改善膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者术后膝关节功能,安全有效,但单髁膝关节置换术在缩短手术时间和住院时间,恢复机体平衡功能方面具有一定优势。

固定平台单髁置换联合髁间窝成形术治疗中度屈曲畸形膝内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效分析

目的观察固定平台单髁置换加髁间窝成形术治疗中度固定屈曲畸形膝内侧间室骨关节炎的临床效果。方法选取2021年11月至2023年6月青岛市市立医院收治的合并有中度固定屈曲畸形的膝内侧间室骨关节炎患者50例,其中男24例,女26例,年龄64~75岁,平均(69.69±3.53)岁。按手术方式分为研究组(采用固定平台单髁置换加髁间窝成形术)和对照组(采用全膝关节表面置换术)各25例。对比两组手术前后Lysholm评分、美国特种外科医院(the hospital for special surgery,HSS)膝关节评分及疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),测量术前及术后12个月膝关节屈曲角度,对比两组伸膝角度改善情况。结果患者均获得12个月完整随访。术后2周、6周、3个月研究组Lysholm评分、HSS评分及VAS均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术后6个月、12个月Lysholm评分、HSS评分及VAS差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组术后12个月残留畸形角度大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对老年骨关节炎合并中度固定屈曲畸形患者采取固定平台单髁置换加髁间窝成形手术可以有效地减轻疼痛,改善膝关节功能,但对屈曲畸形的矫正能力小于全膝关节置换。

镜下前交叉韧带重建联合固定平台单髁置换术的早中期临床疗效观察

目的 探讨单髁置换手术(unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, UKA)联合前交叉韧带重建手术(anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, ACLR)对单间室膝骨关节炎(unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis, UKOA)合并前交叉韧带缺失(anterior cruciate ligament deficient, ACLD)患者的早期临床疗效结果。方法 选取2018年1月至2022年6月广西中医药大学附属桂林市中医医院采用同期UKA联合ACLR治疗的UKOA合并ACLD的12例患者进行回顾性研究。评估术前和末次随访的VAS、IKDC、Lysholm评分,并随访观察并发症及翻修的发生情况。结果 所有患者随访6~55个月,平均随访(24.58±10.48)个月。所有患者的平均住院时间为(13.67±6.20)d,平均出血量为(43.33±39.44)mL,平均切口长度为(9.25±0.43)cm。末次随访时的VAS评分较术前明显降低(P<0.05);Lysholm评分平均为(67.17±22.96)分、IKDC评分平均为(59.87±8.77)分,分别较术前平均(51.33±14.99)分、(48.95±13.68)分明显提高(P<0.05)。结论 早中期的临床数据显示,同时进行ACLR联合UKA对UKOA合并ACLD手术治疗的临床疗效显著,可有效改善患者的膝关节不稳定和内侧间室疼痛,提高患者本体感觉,患者并发症发生率较低,值得临床推广应用,但应严格把握手术的适应证。

膝关节单髁置换术后垫片脱位1例

患者,女,72岁,因右膝关节疼痛伴活动受限3年加重6个月于2022年8月9日至我科就诊。主诉3年前无诱因下出现右膝关节内侧疼痛,负重时加剧,休息后缓解。半年来膝内侧疼痛持续加重,休息及口服止痛药物不见缓解,右膝关节伸屈活动受限,行走不便。入院查体:右膝关节轻度内翻畸形,浮髌试验(-),双下肢肌力Ⅴ级,右膝关节活动度0°~110°。下肢全长X线片显示:右膝关节内侧关节间隙变窄,胫骨平台内侧关节面密度增高,右下肢内翻角6°。右膝关节MRI检查显示:膝关节内侧胫骨关节面水肿,多发囊性改变,对应软骨损伤。诊断:右膝骨关节炎。完善术前检查,在腰椎管麻醉下行右膝关节内侧单髁表面置换术(旋转平台假体),术后1周出院。

UKA胫骨托盘背部设计对骨-假体固定界面的生物力学影响

目的研究UKA胫骨托盘背部设计对单髁膝关节置换(unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,UKA)骨-假体固定界面的生物力学影响。方法构建膝关节内侧置换的固定式UKA有限元模型,以膝关节行走运动下的关节载荷和关节运动为边界条件,对比研究大龙骨型、小龙骨型、两立柱带鳍骨型、三斜立柱型和三直立柱型UKA胫骨托盘背部设计下胫骨von Mises等效应力、骨-假体固定界面接触应力以及微动的差异。结果在膝关节内侧最大受力时刻,相对于两立柱带鳍骨型的胫骨von Mises等效应力、骨-假体固定界面接触应力和微动,大龙骨型分别减小8%和15.9%、增大9.9%;小龙骨型分别减小12.3%、增大7.5%和1.6%;三斜立柱型分别减小10%和10.5%、增大1.2%;三直立柱型分别减小7.7%、14.7%、1.6%。而骨-假体固定界面的最大微动发生在步态周期21%时刻,相对于两立柱带鳍骨型的骨-假体固定界面微动,大龙骨型增大1.2%,小龙骨型增大1.6%,三斜立柱型减小0.4%,三直立柱型减小2.3%。结论为了提高胫骨假体的长期固定效果,建议UKA胫骨托盘设计应重点考虑两直立柱带鳍骨或小龙骨的组合设计,从而有效地平衡应力传递和界面微动,在保证假体稳定性的同时降低无菌性松动的风险。

膝关节单髁置换术治疗单间室膝骨关节炎的临床效果

目的:探讨膝关节单髁置换术治疗单间室膝骨关节炎的效果。方法:选择2022年1月—2023年3月在福建中医药大学附属人民医院就诊的80例单间室膝骨关节炎患者作为研究对象,以随机数表法均分为对照组(应用全膝关节置换术治疗)及研究组(应用膝关节单髁置换术治疗),各40例。比较两组失血量、膝关节功能、炎症因子水平及并发症发生情况。结果:研究组隐性失血量、显性失血量、总失血量均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前,两组膝关节活动度、美国特种外科医院膝关节评分(HSS)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、趋化因子-5(CCL-5)、一氧化氮(NO)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);随访3个月后,两组膝关节活动度及HSS评分均高于术前,血清CCL-5、IL-8及NO水平均低于术前,且研究组膝关节活动度及HSS评分高于对照组,血清CCL-5、IL-8及NO水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组并发症总发生率为0,低于对照组的15.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:与全膝关节置换术相比,膝关节单髁置换术在治疗单间室膝骨关节炎中更具优势,其损伤较小,可有效降低炎症因子水平及下肢深静脉栓塞风险,患者膝关节功能恢复更好。

两种置换术治疗老年女性内侧间室膝骨关节炎的疗效比较

目的比较单髁关节置换术(UKA)和全膝关节置换术(TKA)治疗老年女性内侧间室膝骨关节炎(KOA)的临床疗效。方法将87例老年女性内侧间室KOA患者根据治疗方法不同分为TKA组(44例)和UKA组(43例)。记录手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、屈曲90°所需时间及住院时间,测量膝关节活动度,采用疼痛VAS评分评估膝关节疼痛情况,采用HSS评分评价患肢功能,采用OKS评分评价患者术后满意度。结果患者均获得12个月随访。手术时间两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间、膝关节屈曲90°所需时间UKA组均少(短)于TKA组(P<0.05)。HSS评分和疼痛VAS评分两组术后1、3、12个月均优于术前(P<0.05),术后各时间段两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时,膝关节屈曲活动度两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);OKS评分UKA组高于TKA组(P<0.01)。结论UKA与TKA治疗KOA均能够有效改善患者膝关节功能,但UKA手术创伤小,出血量少,住院时间短,膝关节活动度恢复好,患者满意度高。

单髁置换治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎:关节功能及炎性细胞因子变化

背景:单髁置换因其创伤小、失血少、并发症少、康复快、膝关节功能优、假体生存率高等优点,越来越受到重视,相关报道多集中于其临床疗效,而单髁置换后患者体内相关炎性细胞因子的水平变化罕见报道。目的:探讨膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者单髁置换后的疗效及关节滑液白细胞介素1、白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α水平变化。方法:以2021年9月至2023年3月因膝内侧间室骨关节炎行单髁置换治疗并符合纳入标准的30例患者作为研究对象。比较术前、术后胫骨近端内侧角、股胫角、疼痛目测类比评分、美国特种外科医院膝关节评分、膝关节活动度及关节滑液白细胞介素1、白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α水平,并进行统计学分析。结果与结论:①30例患者术后切口均Ⅰ级愈合,术后均获6个月以上随访,所有患者均未出现假体松动、假体衬垫脱位等并发症;②术后1个月测量胫骨近端内侧角、股胫角均较术前明显改善(P<0.05);③术后1,3,6个月测量疼痛目测类比评分、美国特种外科医院膝关节评分、膝关节活动度均优于术前(P<0.05),术后各时间点呈逐渐好转趋势(P<0.05);④术后3,6个月测量关节滑液白细胞介素1、白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α水平均较术前逐渐下降(P<0.05),术后各时间点呈逐渐下降趋势;⑤提示单髁置换可有效治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎,显著缓解患者疼痛,恢复膝关节功能,改善膝内翻畸形及下肢力线,并能在一定程度上降低关节内炎性细胞因子白细胞介素1、白细胞介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α的表达水平。

两种不同平台单髁置换术对内侧单间室膝骨性关节炎短期疗效比较

目的观察活动平台与固定平台单髁置换术对膝骨性关节炎手术治疗的短期疗效。方法选取内侧单间室膝骨关节炎患者155例,均行人工单髁置换术,其中97例选择美国邦美Oxford第三代活动平台(mobilebearing,MB)单髁假体,58例选择德国LINK固定平台(fixed-bearing,FB)单髁假体。比较两组手术时间及术中出血量;术前及术后1周、1个月视觉模拟评分(VAS);术前及术后1个月、3个月、6个月膝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)及美国特种外科医院(hospital for special surgery,HSS)评分,并进行统计学分析。结果MB组与FB组手术时间及术中出血量比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。术前、术后1周及术后1个月VAS评分差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),术前及术后1个月、3个月、6个月两组间ROM、HSS评分及术后6个月内并发症发病率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论MB和FB单髁置换术在膝骨性关节炎中短期疗效差异无统计学意义,MB单髁假体术后易出现假体脱位。