Introduction: Cesarean section is a surgical intervention which consists in the extraction of a fetus from the uterus after its incision. The rate of cesarean section varies depending on the country and the health fac...Introduction: Cesarean section is a surgical intervention which consists in the extraction of a fetus from the uterus after its incision. The rate of cesarean section varies depending on the country and the health facility. For this reason, in 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the use of Robson’s classification to evaluate the practice of cesarean sections in order to identify the groups of women who had abnormally high rates. The objective of our study was to evaluate cesarean sections using the Robson’s classification in CHRACERH and in the Yaoundé Central Hospital (YCH). Methodology: We carried out a retrospective cross sectional and descriptive study in two (02) university hospitals in Yaoundé which took place from December 2017 to May 2018. We included in our study all women who gave birth over a period of two (02) years from January 2016 to December 2017 in these two health facilities. Our sampling was exhaustive over the study period. The parturients’ information was collected using an anonymous and pretested questionnaire. The Robson’s group of every parturient was determined. Descriptive parameters like mean and proportions were calculated. We compared the rates and indications of cesarean sections between the both hospitals using Chi<sup>2</sup> test. Results: Out of 330 deliveries realized in CHRACERH, we had 90 cesarean sections;hence, a rate of 27.2%. Out of 1863 deliveries carried out at the YCH, 462 were by cesarean section, hence a rate of 24.8%. The women who belonged to groups 1, 3 and 5 contributed to the highest rates of cesarean sections in both hospitals: in CHRACERH, group 5 (31.1%), group 3 (20%) and group 1 (15.6%), at YCH: group 3 (22.5%), group 1 (21.6%) and group 5 (17.3%). The indications of the cesarean sections varied depending on the Robson’s group and the hospital, the principal indication in group 1 was acute fetal distress (28.6%) in CHRACERH and cephalopelvic disproportion (36.7%) at YCH. Cephalopelvic disproportion was the predominant indication in groups 3 of CHRACERH (44.4%) and YCH (39.2%). In groups 5, CHRACERH and of YCH, a scarred uterus was the principal indication for the cesarean section at 82.4% and 78.4% respectively. At CHRACERH, the maternofetal complications were more frequent in groups 1 and 2 at the YCH, this was the case mostly in groups 1 and 3. Conclusion: The Robson’s classification is an adequate tool for the evaluation and comparison of the rates of cesarean sections. The rates of cesarean section in CHRACERH (27.2%) and at YCH (24.8%) were higher than the rates recommended by WHO. Robson’s groups 1, 3 and 5 were identified as the groups most at risk for cesarean sections in the both hospitals.展开更多
背景自“全面二孩”政策实施后,经产妇为主要分娩人群,高龄、慢性合并症、产科并发症、剖宫产术后再次妊娠等问题日渐突出,给产科工作者带来新的挑战。目的基于修正版Robson分类系统对新生育政策下经产妇的剖宫产现状进行分析,为合理控...背景自“全面二孩”政策实施后,经产妇为主要分娩人群,高龄、慢性合并症、产科并发症、剖宫产术后再次妊娠等问题日渐突出,给产科工作者带来新的挑战。目的基于修正版Robson分类系统对新生育政策下经产妇的剖宫产现状进行分析,为合理控制剖宫产率、提高产科医疗质量提供数据支持。方法纳入2017—2020年在南方医科大学第十附属医院剖宫产分娩的产妇共19170例,分为初产妇组(n=5630)和经产妇组(n=13540)。通过电子病历系统收集产妇信息,包括年龄、孕产次、既往分娩情况、胎方位、妊娠合并症及并发症、产妇结局及新生儿结局等,并对两组产妇的一般资料、产妇结局及新生儿结局进行比较。采用修正版Robson分类系统,根据产科特征(产次、胎位、胎儿数量、分娩孕周)对产妇进行分类,对比两组在修正版Robson分类系统中的分布及各组占比随年度变化情况。结果经产妇中剖宫产后再次妊娠的比例高达81.4%(11026/13540);经产妇组的年龄、孕次、产次及年龄≥35岁、妊娠合并糖尿病比例均高于初产妇组(P<0.05)。修正版Robson分类在所有剖宫产产妇中,以R3类(妊娠≥37周单胎头位,至少有1次剖宫产史)为主(50.4%,9668/19170),其次为R1类(妊娠≥37周单胎头位初产,自然临产、诱导临产或临产前剖宫产)(20.8%,3993/19170);经产妇中,R3类的占比最高达71.4%(9668/13540)。分析经产妇人群特征发现,2017—2020年,占比最高的R3类产妇从73.5%下降至67.1%,而R2类[妊娠≥37周单胎头位经产(无剖宫产史),自然临产、诱导临产或临产前剖宫产]、R8类[所有妊娠<37周单胎头位(包括有剖宫产史)]的占比均有所升高。经产妇组产后24 h出血量、输血比例高于初产妇组,而术后住院天数低于初产妇组(P<0.05)。19170例产妇共分娩新生儿20026名例,其中初产妇分娩6077例,经产妇分娩13949例;经产妇组新生儿出生体质量、1 min Apgar评分高于初产妇组新生儿,而1 min Apgar评分≤7分、转新生儿科比例低于初产妇组新生儿(P<0.05);两组产妇剖宫产新生儿5 min Apgar评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高龄和剖宫产术后再次妊娠是经产妇的突出特征。R3类的占比虽然逐年下降,但仍是剖宫产经产妇的主要人群,为降低剖宫产率,需有效控制初次分娩剖宫产,并在安全的前提下积极推广R3类产妇经阴道试产。同时,经产妇中R2类和R8类的占比有所升高,对产科临床实践提出了新的要求。展开更多
Objective: To improve the practice of cesarean section by analyzing the cesarean section according to Robson’s classification. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out at the Universi...Objective: To improve the practice of cesarean section by analyzing the cesarean section according to Robson’s classification. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out at the University Hospital of Cocody. It covered the Cesarean sections performed during the year 2015 and ranked according to the 10 groups of Robson. Results: The overall Cesarean section rate in 2015 was 42.8% (3100 cesarean sections for 7229 deliveries). Group 1 was the largest contributor to overall Cesarean section with a rate of 20.5% followed by Group 3 (18.6%), Group 5 (16.4%) and Group 10 (12.2%), unlike other data in the literature where groups were in descending order Groups 5, 1, 3. This difference was driven by medical evacuations and our working conditions. Conclusion: The Cesarean section rate is constantly increasing in our department. Referred patients played a huge role in the distribution of C-section along the Robson’s 10 groups classification.展开更多
Objective: To measure for each of the ten (10) groups of women defined in Robson’s classification, the cesarean section rate, group size and its contribution to the overall cesarean section rate in four maternities i...Objective: To measure for each of the ten (10) groups of women defined in Robson’s classification, the cesarean section rate, group size and its contribution to the overall cesarean section rate in four maternities in Benin. Methods: This was a retrospective study over a period of 3 years, from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016. Two workshops were organized for training in data collection and interpretation of results. Results: A total of 5442 files were included for the four health facilities during the study period. The overall cesarean section rate was 43.9%. The most represented group (30.3%) was multiparous women without scarred uterus, with a single term fetus, in cephalic presentation, and spontaneous labour (Group 3). The largest contributor to the overall cesarean section rate was that of multiparous women with at least one uterine scar with a single fetus, eventually in cephalic presentation (Group 5) with 29.5%. Conclusion: Caesarean section rates are high in groups of women with a favourable prognosis for vaginal delivery. It is also high in women with scarred uterus (Group 5).展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> <span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Caesarean section (CS) is a major reproductive hea...<strong>Introduction:</strong> <span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Caesarean section (CS) is a major reproductive health intervention to improve maternal and foetal outcomes if appropriately performed. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This study aimed to assess the quality of Caesarean sections (CS) in a rural</span> <span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">setting in Cameroon. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Materials and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A prospective study con</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ducted in 3 hospitals from February 1</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2020 to April 30</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">th</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2020. One hundred and twenty women who had a CS were included. Data were grouped into 5 categories: </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Sociodemographic and obstetrical characteristics, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Geographic and financial access, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Diagnostic procedures, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">4</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Operative parameters and </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">5</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Post-operative parameters. The Dujardin’s model and context-relevant</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> criteria served to construct the quality score. The scale was 0 </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 20 and scores ≤ 15 were considered as unacceptable quality while those >15 were considered as acceptable quality CS. Logistic regressions permitted to measure associations. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> There were 538 deliveries and 120 (22.3%) CS. The mean (SD) gestational age was 38.7 (2.6) weeks with extremes of 31 and 43 weeks. Group 5 of the Robson’s classification was predominant (35.0%). Motorbikes were the mode of transport to the maternity for 72.5% (87/120) of women. No referral was made by ambulance. Only 44 (36.7%) women had paid the full cost of the CS prior to surgery. In addition, 26 (21.6%) women had a complete clinical examination on admission. The surgical team was not complete (<6 staffs) in 56 (43.3%) cases. Anaesthesia was done by nurses in all cases. CS was done by a general practitioner and by nurses in 86 (71.7%) and 14 (11.7%) cases respectively. Overall, mean (SD) quality score (QS) was 16.33 (1.60).</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sixty six of the 120 (55.3%) caesarean sections had unacceptable quality CS. Mean (SD) QS was significantly higher in faith-based hospitals than in public hospitals (18.00 (0.91) versus 15.59 (1.24);P</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.001).</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Immediate </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">postoperative clinical monitoring was effective only in 66 (55%) of cases. Apgar score was below 7 over 10 in 17 (14.2%) cases of which 6 freshes still births. No maternal death was recorded and maternal complications were recorded in 14 (11.7%) cases. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The quality of CS is generally poor in rural settings in West-Cameroon. The quantity and quality of staffs required for Caesarean sections in the hospitals are sometimes insufficient. The poor quality of CS in this region could be addressed using the faith-based hospitals: St Vincent de Paul’s Hospital as a model.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
文摘Introduction: Cesarean section is a surgical intervention which consists in the extraction of a fetus from the uterus after its incision. The rate of cesarean section varies depending on the country and the health facility. For this reason, in 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the use of Robson’s classification to evaluate the practice of cesarean sections in order to identify the groups of women who had abnormally high rates. The objective of our study was to evaluate cesarean sections using the Robson’s classification in CHRACERH and in the Yaoundé Central Hospital (YCH). Methodology: We carried out a retrospective cross sectional and descriptive study in two (02) university hospitals in Yaoundé which took place from December 2017 to May 2018. We included in our study all women who gave birth over a period of two (02) years from January 2016 to December 2017 in these two health facilities. Our sampling was exhaustive over the study period. The parturients’ information was collected using an anonymous and pretested questionnaire. The Robson’s group of every parturient was determined. Descriptive parameters like mean and proportions were calculated. We compared the rates and indications of cesarean sections between the both hospitals using Chi<sup>2</sup> test. Results: Out of 330 deliveries realized in CHRACERH, we had 90 cesarean sections;hence, a rate of 27.2%. Out of 1863 deliveries carried out at the YCH, 462 were by cesarean section, hence a rate of 24.8%. The women who belonged to groups 1, 3 and 5 contributed to the highest rates of cesarean sections in both hospitals: in CHRACERH, group 5 (31.1%), group 3 (20%) and group 1 (15.6%), at YCH: group 3 (22.5%), group 1 (21.6%) and group 5 (17.3%). The indications of the cesarean sections varied depending on the Robson’s group and the hospital, the principal indication in group 1 was acute fetal distress (28.6%) in CHRACERH and cephalopelvic disproportion (36.7%) at YCH. Cephalopelvic disproportion was the predominant indication in groups 3 of CHRACERH (44.4%) and YCH (39.2%). In groups 5, CHRACERH and of YCH, a scarred uterus was the principal indication for the cesarean section at 82.4% and 78.4% respectively. At CHRACERH, the maternofetal complications were more frequent in groups 1 and 2 at the YCH, this was the case mostly in groups 1 and 3. Conclusion: The Robson’s classification is an adequate tool for the evaluation and comparison of the rates of cesarean sections. The rates of cesarean section in CHRACERH (27.2%) and at YCH (24.8%) were higher than the rates recommended by WHO. Robson’s groups 1, 3 and 5 were identified as the groups most at risk for cesarean sections in the both hospitals.
文摘背景自“全面二孩”政策实施后,经产妇为主要分娩人群,高龄、慢性合并症、产科并发症、剖宫产术后再次妊娠等问题日渐突出,给产科工作者带来新的挑战。目的基于修正版Robson分类系统对新生育政策下经产妇的剖宫产现状进行分析,为合理控制剖宫产率、提高产科医疗质量提供数据支持。方法纳入2017—2020年在南方医科大学第十附属医院剖宫产分娩的产妇共19170例,分为初产妇组(n=5630)和经产妇组(n=13540)。通过电子病历系统收集产妇信息,包括年龄、孕产次、既往分娩情况、胎方位、妊娠合并症及并发症、产妇结局及新生儿结局等,并对两组产妇的一般资料、产妇结局及新生儿结局进行比较。采用修正版Robson分类系统,根据产科特征(产次、胎位、胎儿数量、分娩孕周)对产妇进行分类,对比两组在修正版Robson分类系统中的分布及各组占比随年度变化情况。结果经产妇中剖宫产后再次妊娠的比例高达81.4%(11026/13540);经产妇组的年龄、孕次、产次及年龄≥35岁、妊娠合并糖尿病比例均高于初产妇组(P<0.05)。修正版Robson分类在所有剖宫产产妇中,以R3类(妊娠≥37周单胎头位,至少有1次剖宫产史)为主(50.4%,9668/19170),其次为R1类(妊娠≥37周单胎头位初产,自然临产、诱导临产或临产前剖宫产)(20.8%,3993/19170);经产妇中,R3类的占比最高达71.4%(9668/13540)。分析经产妇人群特征发现,2017—2020年,占比最高的R3类产妇从73.5%下降至67.1%,而R2类[妊娠≥37周单胎头位经产(无剖宫产史),自然临产、诱导临产或临产前剖宫产]、R8类[所有妊娠<37周单胎头位(包括有剖宫产史)]的占比均有所升高。经产妇组产后24 h出血量、输血比例高于初产妇组,而术后住院天数低于初产妇组(P<0.05)。19170例产妇共分娩新生儿20026名例,其中初产妇分娩6077例,经产妇分娩13949例;经产妇组新生儿出生体质量、1 min Apgar评分高于初产妇组新生儿,而1 min Apgar评分≤7分、转新生儿科比例低于初产妇组新生儿(P<0.05);两组产妇剖宫产新生儿5 min Apgar评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高龄和剖宫产术后再次妊娠是经产妇的突出特征。R3类的占比虽然逐年下降,但仍是剖宫产经产妇的主要人群,为降低剖宫产率,需有效控制初次分娩剖宫产,并在安全的前提下积极推广R3类产妇经阴道试产。同时,经产妇中R2类和R8类的占比有所升高,对产科临床实践提出了新的要求。
文摘Objective: To improve the practice of cesarean section by analyzing the cesarean section according to Robson’s classification. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out at the University Hospital of Cocody. It covered the Cesarean sections performed during the year 2015 and ranked according to the 10 groups of Robson. Results: The overall Cesarean section rate in 2015 was 42.8% (3100 cesarean sections for 7229 deliveries). Group 1 was the largest contributor to overall Cesarean section with a rate of 20.5% followed by Group 3 (18.6%), Group 5 (16.4%) and Group 10 (12.2%), unlike other data in the literature where groups were in descending order Groups 5, 1, 3. This difference was driven by medical evacuations and our working conditions. Conclusion: The Cesarean section rate is constantly increasing in our department. Referred patients played a huge role in the distribution of C-section along the Robson’s 10 groups classification.
文摘Objective: To measure for each of the ten (10) groups of women defined in Robson’s classification, the cesarean section rate, group size and its contribution to the overall cesarean section rate in four maternities in Benin. Methods: This was a retrospective study over a period of 3 years, from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016. Two workshops were organized for training in data collection and interpretation of results. Results: A total of 5442 files were included for the four health facilities during the study period. The overall cesarean section rate was 43.9%. The most represented group (30.3%) was multiparous women without scarred uterus, with a single term fetus, in cephalic presentation, and spontaneous labour (Group 3). The largest contributor to the overall cesarean section rate was that of multiparous women with at least one uterine scar with a single fetus, eventually in cephalic presentation (Group 5) with 29.5%. Conclusion: Caesarean section rates are high in groups of women with a favourable prognosis for vaginal delivery. It is also high in women with scarred uterus (Group 5).
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> <span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Caesarean section (CS) is a major reproductive health intervention to improve maternal and foetal outcomes if appropriately performed. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This study aimed to assess the quality of Caesarean sections (CS) in a rural</span> <span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">setting in Cameroon. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Materials and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">A prospective study con</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ducted in 3 hospitals from February 1</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">st</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2020 to April 30</span><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;">th</span></sup><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2020. One hundred and twenty women who had a CS were included. Data were grouped into 5 categories: </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Sociodemographic and obstetrical characteristics, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Geographic and financial access, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Diagnostic procedures, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">4</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Operative parameters and </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">5</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) Post-operative parameters. The Dujardin’s model and context-relevant</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> criteria served to construct the quality score. The scale was 0 </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 20 and scores ≤ 15 were considered as unacceptable quality while those >15 were considered as acceptable quality CS. Logistic regressions permitted to measure associations. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> There were 538 deliveries and 120 (22.3%) CS. The mean (SD) gestational age was 38.7 (2.6) weeks with extremes of 31 and 43 weeks. Group 5 of the Robson’s classification was predominant (35.0%). Motorbikes were the mode of transport to the maternity for 72.5% (87/120) of women. No referral was made by ambulance. Only 44 (36.7%) women had paid the full cost of the CS prior to surgery. In addition, 26 (21.6%) women had a complete clinical examination on admission. The surgical team was not complete (<6 staffs) in 56 (43.3%) cases. Anaesthesia was done by nurses in all cases. CS was done by a general practitioner and by nurses in 86 (71.7%) and 14 (11.7%) cases respectively. Overall, mean (SD) quality score (QS) was 16.33 (1.60).</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sixty six of the 120 (55.3%) caesarean sections had unacceptable quality CS. Mean (SD) QS was significantly higher in faith-based hospitals than in public hospitals (18.00 (0.91) versus 15.59 (1.24);P</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.001).</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Immediate </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">postoperative clinical monitoring was effective only in 66 (55%) of cases. Apgar score was below 7 over 10 in 17 (14.2%) cases of which 6 freshes still births. No maternal death was recorded and maternal complications were recorded in 14 (11.7%) cases. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The quality of CS is generally poor in rural settings in West-Cameroon. The quantity and quality of staffs required for Caesarean sections in the hospitals are sometimes insufficient. The poor quality of CS in this region could be addressed using the faith-based hospitals: St Vincent de Paul’s Hospital as a model.</span></span></span></span>