Failure mechanism and stability control of a large section of very soft roadway surrounding rock shear slip

The measured data and simulation test phenomenon of surrounding rock deformation and failure at the project site indicate that shear failure which firstly occurs in surrounding rock, block slip and second shear failure are the root cause of deformation and damage of supporting structure of the surrounding rock at a large scale. We derived limit load of surrounding rock shear slip failure and reasonable support resistance of given load by means of shear slip line field theory, discussed the main factors which influence the limit load of surrounding rock. Shear slip line field and limit load of circular tunnel surrounding rock were obtained by means of physical simulation test, which agreed well with the theoretical analysis results. Based on the theoretical analysis and physical simulation test, the cause deformation and failure at large scale of Xinshanghai No. 1 coal mine big section ingate was analyzed, and the shear failure resistance and block slip in surrounding rock were proposed as the core technical supporting ideas. Proper range of supporting resistance which came from calculation was suggested. The support scheme which is mainly composed of large grouting anchor, sprayed anchor net support technique and full-face grille concrete finally ended the dilemma of repeated failure and mending of ingate and created critical conditions for smooth production in the coal mine.

深部巷道块系围岩分析模型及稳定性探讨

深部岩体具有典型的不均匀、不连续的自应力块系等级构造结构。由于浅部巷道围岩应力场分析是基于连续介质力学理论,没有考虑岩体的块体特性,因而无法应用于深部巷道块系围岩的应力场分析。考虑到深部巷道块系围岩破坏类型主要表现为峰后岩块沿软弱接触面的剪切滑移破坏,通过建立深部巷道的平面应变块系围岩模型,得到了轴对称条件下岩块相互作用的解析解;分别假设岩块之间的接触满足刚塑性和Mohr-Coulomb屈服条件,推导得出上述两种屈服条件下的块系围岩模型和连续介质模型的围岩支护力的计算公式。对比分析表明:围岩块体构造特性对深部巷道施工和承载力设计计算有重要的影响;通过假设块体间剪应力与剪切滑移满足分段线性关系,得到了块系围岩径向位移,剪应力和剪切滑移量的解析表达式,引入无量纲化的深部巷道块系围岩稳定性参数λ,并得出当λ<1时块系围岩是稳定的,当λ>1时块系围岩是不稳定的。

张拉条件下锚固剂-围岩界面剪应力分布规律研究

为研究锚固剂-围岩界面剪应力分布规律,基于锚杆、锚固剂复合体与围岩孔壁间三阶段线性函数剪切滑移模型,采用载荷传递法开展理论分析,推导出弹性阶段锚固剂-围岩界面剪应力分布公式。结果表明,张拉承载条件下界面剪应力极大值出现在锚固段外端口且沿锚固长度方向呈单调递减规律分布。当锚固段长度较小时(≤0.3 m),界面剪应力可近似认为是均匀分布的。随着锚固长度的增加,锚固段外端口最大剪应力值逐渐降低,界面剪应力分布不均匀程度增加。适当增加锚固长度可以整体降低锚固段界面剪应力大小,一定程度避免锚固始端界面剪应力达到抗剪强度而发生滑移滑脱失效。采用FLAC3D软件开展锚杆、锚固剂实体单元数值计算,验证了锚固剂-围岩界面剪应力沿锚固长度呈递减分布的规律,发现剪应力在锚固段始端前1/3位置递减明显。