In this paper,we establish two transformation formulas for nonterminating basic hypergeometric series by using Carlitz's inversions formulas and Jackson s transformation formula.In terms of application,by speciali...In this paper,we establish two transformation formulas for nonterminating basic hypergeometric series by using Carlitz's inversions formulas and Jackson s transformation formula.In terms of application,by specializing certain parameters in the two transformations,four Rogers-Ramanujan type identities associated with moduli 20 are obtained.展开更多
Cultural identity in Iran is comprised of four primary elements,each of which have proven to be highly resonant in the country political history.The vexing issue of modernity,and where individuals and collectivities a...Cultural identity in Iran is comprised of four primary elements,each of which have proven to be highly resonant in the country political history.The vexing issue of modernity,and where individuals and collectivities are placed in relation to it,has been one of the most prominent of these elements of Iranian identity.A second constitutive factor has been the role of the state as a deliberate crafter of cultural,in turn directly influencing the salience,interpretation,extent,and direction of modernity,or its antithesis,in Iran.Equally defining has been the role and significance of religion,which has emerged as a marker of individual and collective,as well as political,identities.Nationalism,and its compelling impulse across Iranian society especially from the early 1900s and continuing until today,has also emerged as an integral and inseparable feature of Iranian identity.Together,these four elements―modernity,a culturally intrusive state,religion and religiosity,and nationalism―constitute fluid yet constant,sometimes complementary and sometimes competing,dimensions of Iranian identity.展开更多
In this article I aim to highlight the question how to negotiate and reconstruct new identities among previously perpetuator groups in the trauma zones by looking at a specific case example,Bosnia-Herzegovina(BiH)and ...In this article I aim to highlight the question how to negotiate and reconstruct new identities among previously perpetuator groups in the trauma zones by looking at a specific case example,Bosnia-Herzegovina(BiH)and Bosnian Serbs.After the end of the Bosnian war(1992-1995)through Dayton Peace Accord,Bosnian Serbs have been started to be classified as the perpetuator group of the war.However,both Bosniaks,the main victim ethnic group of the war,and Bosnian Serbs have also started to draw the borders of Serbness into different boundaries,such as moral and religious ones.In this study I employed the method of(online)in-depth interviewing with my Bosniak and Bosnian Serb participants to underline and display which components and experiences have been shaping Bosnian Serbness since the end of the war.After the analysis of my interviews,one could argue that burden of guilt and burden of loss might have caused re-imagination of Bosnian Serbness as today’s victims.Furthermore,according to the main pattern I detected among the testimonies of my participants,one could also argue that exclusion of Bosnian Serbs due to their ethnicity from everyday tasks or rituals makes their another supreme identity much more visible:they are Christian Orthodoxies of Bosnia now.展开更多
Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client identity.However,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the subopt...Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client identity.However,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the suboptimal communication of the client’s non-verbal expressions,such as facial cues,to the counselor.This study proposes a metaverse-based psychological counseling system designed to enhance client identity protection while ensuring efficient information delivery to counselors during non-face-to-face counseling.The proposed systemincorporates a voicemodulation function that instantlymodifies/masks the client’s voice to safeguard their identity.Additionally,it employs real-time client facial expression recognition using an ensemble of decision trees to mirror the client’s non-verbal expressions through their avatar in the metaverse environment.The system is adaptable for use on personal computers and smartphones,offering users the flexibility to access metaverse-based psychological counseling across diverse environments.The performance evaluation of the proposed system confirmed that the voice modulation and real-time facial expression replication consistently achieve an average speed of 48.32 frames per second or higher,even when tested on the least powerful smartphone configurations.Moreover,a total of 550 actual psychological counseling sessions were conducted,and the average satisfaction rating reached 4.46 on a 5-point scale.This indicates that clients experienced improved identity protection compared to conventional non-face-to-face metaverse counseling approaches.Additionally,the counselor successfully addressed the challenge of conveying non-verbal cues from clients who typically struggled with non-face-to-face psychological counseling.The proposed systemholds significant potential for applications in interactive discussions and educational activities in the metaverse.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gender consciousness directly affects the development of gender identity,which is a continuous and lifelong process.Meanwhile,hospitalization is a part of many children's lives and has an impact on thei...BACKGROUND Gender consciousness directly affects the development of gender identity,which is a continuous and lifelong process.Meanwhile,hospitalization is a part of many children's lives and has an impact on their gender development.AIM To investigate the current situation of gender identity in lower primary school children by conducting a survey of 202 hospitalized children in the lower grades and to provide a theoretical basis and foundation for the cultivation of gender identity and medical treatment of children based on the results.This study aims to inspire clinical medical staff to scientifically and reasonably arrange hospital wards for lower primary school children and pay attention to gender protection during the medical treatment process and to help children shape a unified and clear gender identity,which will enable them to better integrate into society and promote their personality development.METHODS The gender consciousness scale for elementary and middle school students was RESULTS Gender identity was already present in lower primary school children.The children's gender roles and gender equality consciousness were strong,exceeding the critical value,but their gender characteristics,gender identity,and gender ideal consciousness were weak.Children aged 6 had the weakest gender identity,and girls had significantly stronger gender identity than boys.CONCLUSION Gender identity is already present in lower primary school children,providing a basis and inspiration for the cultivation of gender identity and medical treatment of lower primary school children.Clinical medical staff should be aware of and understand these results and should scientifically and reasonably arrange hospital wards for lower primary school children.展开更多
Flower organ identity in rice is mainly determined by the A-,B-,C-and E-class genes,with the majority encoding MADS-box transcription factors.However,few studies have investigated how the expression of these floral or...Flower organ identity in rice is mainly determined by the A-,B-,C-and E-class genes,with the majority encoding MADS-box transcription factors.However,few studies have investigated how the expression of these floral organ identity genes is regulated during flower development.In this study,we identified a gene named SUPER WOMAN 2(SPW2),which is necessary for spikelet/floret development in rice by participating in the regulation of the expression of pistil identity genes such as OsMADS3,OsMADS13,OsMADS58 and DL.In the spw2 mutant,ectopic stigma/ovary-like tissues were observed in the non-pistil organs,including sterile lemma,lemma,palea,lodicule,and stamen,suggesting that the identities of these organs were severely affected by mutations in SPW2.SPW2 was shown to encode a plant-specific EMF1-like protein that is involved in H3K27me3 modification as an important component of the PRC2 complex.Expression analysis showed that the SPW2 mutation led to the ectopic expression of OsMADS3,OsMADS13,OsMADS58,and DL in non-pistil organs of the spikelet.The ChIP-qPCR results showed significant reductions in the levels of H3K27me3 modification on the chromatin of these genes.Thus,we demonstrated that SPW2 can mediate the process of H3K27me3 modification of pistil-related genes to regulate their expression in non-pistil organs of spikelets in rice.The results of this study expand our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which SPW2 regulates floral organ identity genes through epigenetic regulation.展开更多
The purpose of this analysis is to delve into the application of color psychology in the logo design of Korean cosmetic brands,using Etude House as an example for an exhaustive analysis.By examining the history of the...The purpose of this analysis is to delve into the application of color psychology in the logo design of Korean cosmetic brands,using Etude House as an example for an exhaustive analysis.By examining the history of the Etude House brand,the evolution of the logo design,and the changes in color choices,we analyze the traditional concepts of color symbolism in Korean culture and the culture of color in contemporary society in order to reveal the important role of color in cosmetic brand image.Through an in-depth analysis of the use of color in Etude House’s brand identity,we further analyze the impact of color on consumer emotions and purchasing behavior,as well as the potential impact of brand identity changes on market performance.Finally,the conclusions of the analysis summarize the practical application of color psychology in Etude House’s brand logo design,suggest recommendations for other Korean cosmetic brands to draw upon in their logo design,and discuss future directions.展开更多
One of the most obvious markers of an individual’s identity is their language.However,in some ways,the relationship between identity and language acquisition seems to be missed.In fact,a lot of studies have shown tha...One of the most obvious markers of an individual’s identity is their language.However,in some ways,the relationship between identity and language acquisition seems to be missed.In fact,a lot of studies have shown that identity may influence the reasons behind language acquisition,especially in bilingual or multilingual societies.Learning English can provide EFL(English as a Foreign Language)students with a good sense of identity and encourage them to practice their agency,which can improve learning efficiency and effectiveness.This paper examines how the efficacy and results of language learning are influenced by the learner’s identity.展开更多
In the formation of native sense,many factors play important roles,such as native culture,literature,and social circumstances and so on.This thesis focuses on the construction of female identities and their importance...In the formation of native sense,many factors play important roles,such as native culture,literature,and social circumstances and so on.This thesis focuses on the construction of female identities and their importance in the formation of native sense.Due to their different cultural backgrounds and cultural identities,the constructions of female identities in translated literature are different,which own unique features.展开更多
Although AGAMOUS-LIKE6 (AGL6) MADS-box genes are ancient with wide distributions in gymnosperms and angiosperms, their functions remain poorly understood. Here, we show the biological role of the AGL6-1ike gene, OsMAD...Although AGAMOUS-LIKE6 (AGL6) MADS-box genes are ancient with wide distributions in gymnosperms and angiosperms, their functions remain poorly understood. Here, we show the biological role of the AGL6-1ike gene, OsMADS6, in specifying floral organ and meristem identities in rice (Oryza sativa L.). OsMADS6 was strongly ex- pressed in the floral meristem at early stages. Subsequently, OsMADS6 transcripts were mainly detectable in paleas, lodicules, carpels and the integument of ovule, as well as in the receptacle. Compared to wild type plants, osmads6 mutants displayed altered palea identity, extra glume-like or mosaic organs, abnormal carpel development and loss of floral meristem determinacy. Strikingly, mutation of a SEPALLATA (SEP)-like gene, OsMADS1 (LHS1), enhanced the defect of osmads6 flowers, and no inner floral organs or glume-like structures were observed in whorls 2 and 3 of osmadsl-z osmads6-1 flowers. Furthermore, the osmadsl-z osmads6-1 double mutants developed severely indetermi- nate floral meristems. Our finding, therefore, suggests that the ancient OsMADS6 gene is able to specify "floral state" by determining floral organ and meristem identities in monocot crop rice together with OsMADS1.展开更多
Since the publication of Toni Morrison's Beloved,the identity of the character Beloved confuses a lot of readers and reviewers. This paper focuses on the analysis of the multiple identities of Beloved.
This paper reports the development of the first SSR marker-based sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) molecular identity database in the world. Since 2005, 1,025 sugarcane clones were genotyped, including 811 Louisiana, 45 Flor...This paper reports the development of the first SSR marker-based sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) molecular identity database in the world. Since 2005, 1,025 sugarcane clones were genotyped, including 811 Louisiana, 45 Florida, 39 Texas, 130 foreign, and eight consultant/seed company clones. Genotyping was done on a fluorescence-capillary electrophoresis detection platform involving 21 highly polymorphic SSR markers that could potentially amplify 144 distinctive DNA fragments. Genotyping data were processed with the GeneMapper? software to reveal electrophoregrams that were manually checked against the 144 fragments. The presence (A) or absence (C) of these 144 fragments in any sugarcane clone was recorded in an affixed sequence order as a DNAMAN? file to represent its molecular identity being achieved into a local molecular identity database. The molecular identity database has been updated annually by continued genotyping of newly assigned sugarcane clones. The database provides molecular descriptions for new cultivar registration articles, enables sugarcane breeders to identify mis-labeled sugarcane clones in crossing programs and determine the paternity of cross progeny, and ensures the desired cultivars are grown in farmers’ fields.展开更多
The interpretation of Sylvia Plath' s representative work Daddy is always being controversial.The poem involves many social and historical issues and various images,among which the image " Daddy" is the ...The interpretation of Sylvia Plath' s representative work Daddy is always being controversial.The poem involves many social and historical issues and various images,among which the image " Daddy" is the key to the interpretation of the poem as well as the poet ess' feminist consciousness of anti-patriarchy.展开更多
This paper deals with the generalization of the linear theory of the unification of gravitational and electromagnetic fields using 4-dimensional gauge symmetry in order to solve the contradictions from the Kaluza-Klei...This paper deals with the generalization of the linear theory of the unification of gravitational and electromagnetic fields using 4-dimensional gauge symmetry in order to solve the contradictions from the Kaluza-Klein theory’s unification of the gravitational and electromagnetic fields. The unification of gravitational and electromagnetic fields in curved space-time starts from the Bianchi identity, which is well known as a mathematical generalization of the gravitational equation, and by using the existing gauge symmetry condition, equations for the gravitational and electromagnetic fields can be obtained. In particular, the homogeneous Maxwell’s equation can be obtained from the first Bianchi identity, and the inhomogeneous Maxwell’s equation can be obtained from the second Bianchi identity by using Killing’s equation condition of the curved space-time. This paper demonstrates that gravitational and electromagnetic fields can be derived from one equation without contradiction even in curved space-time, thus proving that the 4-dimensional metric tensor using the gauge used for this unification is more complete. In addition, geodesic equations can also be derived in the form of coordinate transformation, showing that they are consistent with the existing equations, and as a result, they are consistent with the existing physical equations.展开更多
By studying the properties of Chebyshev polynomials, some specific and mean-ingful identities for the calculation of square of Chebyshev polynomials, Fibonacci numbersand Lucas numbers are obtained.
This paper deals with the derivation of a series of seemingly simple but ignored relations, and presents several identities for fluids never obtained before (relations of integrals over different sets of independent v...This paper deals with the derivation of a series of seemingly simple but ignored relations, and presents several identities for fluids never obtained before (relations of integrals over different sets of independent variables and connected by an invertible mapping). These identities are based on mass conservation and a mathematical transform with no restriction on dynamics. They are, however, crucial to some fundamental concepts and the interpretation of results from dynamics. The identity for momentum is of most importance and, when averaged over time, yields a relationship between the spatially integrated and time averaged Lagrangian momentum and the spatially integrated and time averaged Eulerian momentum. For a constant density fluid, the averaged identity reduces to a relation between the integrated mean displacement of the particles and the integrated mean Eulerian velocity. For an exactly oscillatory flow in an Eulerian description this identity yields a zero integrated mean displacement of particles. In the case of a progressive surface gravity wave, which is periodic but not exactly oscillatory in an Eulerian description such that there are no particles above the trough during part of the period, the mean momentum identity ensures that the integrated mean Eulerian momentum is equal to the integrated mean momentum of the particles. Therefore, there is essentially no superiority as to which description gives a better estimate of the total momentum or total transport at the same order of approximation. The widely used relation, that the Lagrangian velocity equals the Eulerian velocity plus the Stokes velocity, is not based on a 1 to 1 invertible mapping and is therefore ambiguous. This relation is not valid where there is a discontinuity, particularly above the wave trough. It can therefore give an incorrect result on the Lagrangian velocity. The Generalized Lagrangian Mean (GLM) theory uses a mapping between the mean positions of particles and the particles themselves and apparently avoids the non invertibility. However, this mapping is actually not invertible in general because different particles may have the same mean position.展开更多
By virtue of the entangled state representation we concisely derive some new operator identities with regard to the two-variable Hermite polynomial(TVHP).By them and the technique of integration within an ordered prod...By virtue of the entangled state representation we concisely derive some new operator identities with regard to the two-variable Hermite polynomial(TVHP).By them and the technique of integration within an ordered product(IWOP) of operators we further derive new generating function formulas of the TVHP.They are useful in quantum optical theoretical calculations.It is seen from this work that by combining the IWOP technique and quantum mechanical representations one can derive some new integration formulas even without really performing the integration.展开更多
In this work, we presented a new law which was based on the well-known duality property for the set identities. We introduced the diagrams that could be applied to the proof for the set identities. Some prime examples...In this work, we presented a new law which was based on the well-known duality property for the set identities. We introduced the diagrams that could be applied to the proof for the set identities. Some prime examples were also provided to illustrate the proposed law.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12271234)。
文摘In this paper,we establish two transformation formulas for nonterminating basic hypergeometric series by using Carlitz's inversions formulas and Jackson s transformation formula.In terms of application,by specializing certain parameters in the two transformations,four Rogers-Ramanujan type identities associated with moduli 20 are obtained.
文摘Cultural identity in Iran is comprised of four primary elements,each of which have proven to be highly resonant in the country political history.The vexing issue of modernity,and where individuals and collectivities are placed in relation to it,has been one of the most prominent of these elements of Iranian identity.A second constitutive factor has been the role of the state as a deliberate crafter of cultural,in turn directly influencing the salience,interpretation,extent,and direction of modernity,or its antithesis,in Iran.Equally defining has been the role and significance of religion,which has emerged as a marker of individual and collective,as well as political,identities.Nationalism,and its compelling impulse across Iranian society especially from the early 1900s and continuing until today,has also emerged as an integral and inseparable feature of Iranian identity.Together,these four elements―modernity,a culturally intrusive state,religion and religiosity,and nationalism―constitute fluid yet constant,sometimes complementary and sometimes competing,dimensions of Iranian identity.
文摘In this article I aim to highlight the question how to negotiate and reconstruct new identities among previously perpetuator groups in the trauma zones by looking at a specific case example,Bosnia-Herzegovina(BiH)and Bosnian Serbs.After the end of the Bosnian war(1992-1995)through Dayton Peace Accord,Bosnian Serbs have been started to be classified as the perpetuator group of the war.However,both Bosniaks,the main victim ethnic group of the war,and Bosnian Serbs have also started to draw the borders of Serbness into different boundaries,such as moral and religious ones.In this study I employed the method of(online)in-depth interviewing with my Bosniak and Bosnian Serb participants to underline and display which components and experiences have been shaping Bosnian Serbness since the end of the war.After the analysis of my interviews,one could argue that burden of guilt and burden of loss might have caused re-imagination of Bosnian Serbness as today’s victims.Furthermore,according to the main pattern I detected among the testimonies of my participants,one could also argue that exclusion of Bosnian Serbs due to their ethnicity from everyday tasks or rituals makes their another supreme identity much more visible:they are Christian Orthodoxies of Bosnia now.
基金supported by“Regional Innovation Strategy(RIS)”through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(MOE)(2021RIS-004)supported by the Technology Development Program(S3230339)funded by the Ministry of SMEs and Startups(MSS,Korea).
文摘Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client identity.However,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the suboptimal communication of the client’s non-verbal expressions,such as facial cues,to the counselor.This study proposes a metaverse-based psychological counseling system designed to enhance client identity protection while ensuring efficient information delivery to counselors during non-face-to-face counseling.The proposed systemincorporates a voicemodulation function that instantlymodifies/masks the client’s voice to safeguard their identity.Additionally,it employs real-time client facial expression recognition using an ensemble of decision trees to mirror the client’s non-verbal expressions through their avatar in the metaverse environment.The system is adaptable for use on personal computers and smartphones,offering users the flexibility to access metaverse-based psychological counseling across diverse environments.The performance evaluation of the proposed system confirmed that the voice modulation and real-time facial expression replication consistently achieve an average speed of 48.32 frames per second or higher,even when tested on the least powerful smartphone configurations.Moreover,a total of 550 actual psychological counseling sessions were conducted,and the average satisfaction rating reached 4.46 on a 5-point scale.This indicates that clients experienced improved identity protection compared to conventional non-face-to-face metaverse counseling approaches.Additionally,the counselor successfully addressed the challenge of conveying non-verbal cues from clients who typically struggled with non-face-to-face psychological counseling.The proposed systemholds significant potential for applications in interactive discussions and educational activities in the metaverse.
文摘BACKGROUND Gender consciousness directly affects the development of gender identity,which is a continuous and lifelong process.Meanwhile,hospitalization is a part of many children's lives and has an impact on their gender development.AIM To investigate the current situation of gender identity in lower primary school children by conducting a survey of 202 hospitalized children in the lower grades and to provide a theoretical basis and foundation for the cultivation of gender identity and medical treatment of children based on the results.This study aims to inspire clinical medical staff to scientifically and reasonably arrange hospital wards for lower primary school children and pay attention to gender protection during the medical treatment process and to help children shape a unified and clear gender identity,which will enable them to better integrate into society and promote their personality development.METHODS The gender consciousness scale for elementary and middle school students was RESULTS Gender identity was already present in lower primary school children.The children's gender roles and gender equality consciousness were strong,exceeding the critical value,but their gender characteristics,gender identity,and gender ideal consciousness were weak.Children aged 6 had the weakest gender identity,and girls had significantly stronger gender identity than boys.CONCLUSION Gender identity is already present in lower primary school children,providing a basis and inspiration for the cultivation of gender identity and medical treatment of lower primary school children.Clinical medical staff should be aware of and understand these results and should scientifically and reasonably arrange hospital wards for lower primary school children.
基金supported by the Chongqing Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System,China(CQMAITS202301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100287 and 31971919)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(cstc2020jcyj-jq X0020 and cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0066)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(2020M683219)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(SWU-XDJH202315)。
文摘Flower organ identity in rice is mainly determined by the A-,B-,C-and E-class genes,with the majority encoding MADS-box transcription factors.However,few studies have investigated how the expression of these floral organ identity genes is regulated during flower development.In this study,we identified a gene named SUPER WOMAN 2(SPW2),which is necessary for spikelet/floret development in rice by participating in the regulation of the expression of pistil identity genes such as OsMADS3,OsMADS13,OsMADS58 and DL.In the spw2 mutant,ectopic stigma/ovary-like tissues were observed in the non-pistil organs,including sterile lemma,lemma,palea,lodicule,and stamen,suggesting that the identities of these organs were severely affected by mutations in SPW2.SPW2 was shown to encode a plant-specific EMF1-like protein that is involved in H3K27me3 modification as an important component of the PRC2 complex.Expression analysis showed that the SPW2 mutation led to the ectopic expression of OsMADS3,OsMADS13,OsMADS58,and DL in non-pistil organs of the spikelet.The ChIP-qPCR results showed significant reductions in the levels of H3K27me3 modification on the chromatin of these genes.Thus,we demonstrated that SPW2 can mediate the process of H3K27me3 modification of pistil-related genes to regulate their expression in non-pistil organs of spikelets in rice.The results of this study expand our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which SPW2 regulates floral organ identity genes through epigenetic regulation.
文摘The purpose of this analysis is to delve into the application of color psychology in the logo design of Korean cosmetic brands,using Etude House as an example for an exhaustive analysis.By examining the history of the Etude House brand,the evolution of the logo design,and the changes in color choices,we analyze the traditional concepts of color symbolism in Korean culture and the culture of color in contemporary society in order to reveal the important role of color in cosmetic brand image.Through an in-depth analysis of the use of color in Etude House’s brand identity,we further analyze the impact of color on consumer emotions and purchasing behavior,as well as the potential impact of brand identity changes on market performance.Finally,the conclusions of the analysis summarize the practical application of color psychology in Etude House’s brand logo design,suggest recommendations for other Korean cosmetic brands to draw upon in their logo design,and discuss future directions.
文摘One of the most obvious markers of an individual’s identity is their language.However,in some ways,the relationship between identity and language acquisition seems to be missed.In fact,a lot of studies have shown that identity may influence the reasons behind language acquisition,especially in bilingual or multilingual societies.Learning English can provide EFL(English as a Foreign Language)students with a good sense of identity and encourage them to practice their agency,which can improve learning efficiency and effectiveness.This paper examines how the efficacy and results of language learning are influenced by the learner’s identity.
文摘In the formation of native sense,many factors play important roles,such as native culture,literature,and social circumstances and so on.This thesis focuses on the construction of female identities and their importance in the formation of native sense.Due to their different cultural backgrounds and cultural identities,the constructions of female identities in translated literature are different,which own unique features.
基金We gratefully acknowledge B Han from National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Rice Genome Resource Center (RGRC) for providing BAC clone, cDNA clone and Tosl7 insertion line. We thank Z-J Luo and M-J Chen from Shanghai Jiao Tong University for mutant screening and generation of F2 populations, X-Y Gao from Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, SIBS, CAS, for SEM, H Yu from Nation- al University Of Singapore for critical reading of this manuscript and H Ma from Fudan University for helpful discussion. This work was supported by funds from the National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB941500, 2006CB 101700), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30725022, 30830014 and 90717109) and the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (B205).
文摘Although AGAMOUS-LIKE6 (AGL6) MADS-box genes are ancient with wide distributions in gymnosperms and angiosperms, their functions remain poorly understood. Here, we show the biological role of the AGL6-1ike gene, OsMADS6, in specifying floral organ and meristem identities in rice (Oryza sativa L.). OsMADS6 was strongly ex- pressed in the floral meristem at early stages. Subsequently, OsMADS6 transcripts were mainly detectable in paleas, lodicules, carpels and the integument of ovule, as well as in the receptacle. Compared to wild type plants, osmads6 mutants displayed altered palea identity, extra glume-like or mosaic organs, abnormal carpel development and loss of floral meristem determinacy. Strikingly, mutation of a SEPALLATA (SEP)-like gene, OsMADS1 (LHS1), enhanced the defect of osmads6 flowers, and no inner floral organs or glume-like structures were observed in whorls 2 and 3 of osmadsl-z osmads6-1 flowers. Furthermore, the osmadsl-z osmads6-1 double mutants developed severely indetermi- nate floral meristems. Our finding, therefore, suggests that the ancient OsMADS6 gene is able to specify "floral state" by determining floral organ and meristem identities in monocot crop rice together with OsMADS1.
文摘Since the publication of Toni Morrison's Beloved,the identity of the character Beloved confuses a lot of readers and reviewers. This paper focuses on the analysis of the multiple identities of Beloved.
文摘This paper reports the development of the first SSR marker-based sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) molecular identity database in the world. Since 2005, 1,025 sugarcane clones were genotyped, including 811 Louisiana, 45 Florida, 39 Texas, 130 foreign, and eight consultant/seed company clones. Genotyping was done on a fluorescence-capillary electrophoresis detection platform involving 21 highly polymorphic SSR markers that could potentially amplify 144 distinctive DNA fragments. Genotyping data were processed with the GeneMapper? software to reveal electrophoregrams that were manually checked against the 144 fragments. The presence (A) or absence (C) of these 144 fragments in any sugarcane clone was recorded in an affixed sequence order as a DNAMAN? file to represent its molecular identity being achieved into a local molecular identity database. The molecular identity database has been updated annually by continued genotyping of newly assigned sugarcane clones. The database provides molecular descriptions for new cultivar registration articles, enables sugarcane breeders to identify mis-labeled sugarcane clones in crossing programs and determine the paternity of cross progeny, and ensures the desired cultivars are grown in farmers’ fields.
文摘The interpretation of Sylvia Plath' s representative work Daddy is always being controversial.The poem involves many social and historical issues and various images,among which the image " Daddy" is the key to the interpretation of the poem as well as the poet ess' feminist consciousness of anti-patriarchy.
文摘This paper deals with the generalization of the linear theory of the unification of gravitational and electromagnetic fields using 4-dimensional gauge symmetry in order to solve the contradictions from the Kaluza-Klein theory’s unification of the gravitational and electromagnetic fields. The unification of gravitational and electromagnetic fields in curved space-time starts from the Bianchi identity, which is well known as a mathematical generalization of the gravitational equation, and by using the existing gauge symmetry condition, equations for the gravitational and electromagnetic fields can be obtained. In particular, the homogeneous Maxwell’s equation can be obtained from the first Bianchi identity, and the inhomogeneous Maxwell’s equation can be obtained from the second Bianchi identity by using Killing’s equation condition of the curved space-time. This paper demonstrates that gravitational and electromagnetic fields can be derived from one equation without contradiction even in curved space-time, thus proving that the 4-dimensional metric tensor using the gauge used for this unification is more complete. In addition, geodesic equations can also be derived in the form of coordinate transformation, showing that they are consistent with the existing equations, and as a result, they are consistent with the existing physical equations.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2002A11)Supported by the Shangluo Teacher's College Research Foundation(SKY2106)
文摘By studying the properties of Chebyshev polynomials, some specific and mean-ingful identities for the calculation of square of Chebyshev polynomials, Fibonacci numbersand Lucas numbers are obtained.
文摘This paper deals with the derivation of a series of seemingly simple but ignored relations, and presents several identities for fluids never obtained before (relations of integrals over different sets of independent variables and connected by an invertible mapping). These identities are based on mass conservation and a mathematical transform with no restriction on dynamics. They are, however, crucial to some fundamental concepts and the interpretation of results from dynamics. The identity for momentum is of most importance and, when averaged over time, yields a relationship between the spatially integrated and time averaged Lagrangian momentum and the spatially integrated and time averaged Eulerian momentum. For a constant density fluid, the averaged identity reduces to a relation between the integrated mean displacement of the particles and the integrated mean Eulerian velocity. For an exactly oscillatory flow in an Eulerian description this identity yields a zero integrated mean displacement of particles. In the case of a progressive surface gravity wave, which is periodic but not exactly oscillatory in an Eulerian description such that there are no particles above the trough during part of the period, the mean momentum identity ensures that the integrated mean Eulerian momentum is equal to the integrated mean momentum of the particles. Therefore, there is essentially no superiority as to which description gives a better estimate of the total momentum or total transport at the same order of approximation. The widely used relation, that the Lagrangian velocity equals the Eulerian velocity plus the Stokes velocity, is not based on a 1 to 1 invertible mapping and is therefore ambiguous. This relation is not valid where there is a discontinuity, particularly above the wave trough. It can therefore give an incorrect result on the Lagrangian velocity. The Generalized Lagrangian Mean (GLM) theory uses a mapping between the mean positions of particles and the particles themselves and apparently avoids the non invertibility. However, this mapping is actually not invertible in general because different particles may have the same mean position.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11174114)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (Grant No. 12KJD140001)the Research Foundation of Changzhou Institute of Technology of China (Grant No. YN1106)
文摘By virtue of the entangled state representation we concisely derive some new operator identities with regard to the two-variable Hermite polynomial(TVHP).By them and the technique of integration within an ordered product(IWOP) of operators we further derive new generating function formulas of the TVHP.They are useful in quantum optical theoretical calculations.It is seen from this work that by combining the IWOP technique and quantum mechanical representations one can derive some new integration formulas even without really performing the integration.
文摘In this work, we presented a new law which was based on the well-known duality property for the set identities. We introduced the diagrams that could be applied to the proof for the set identities. Some prime examples were also provided to illustrate the proposed law.