Research on Rosewood Micro Image Classification Method Based on Feature Fusion and ELM

Rosewood is a kind of high-quality and precious wood in China.The correct identification of rosewood species is of great significance to the import and export trade and species identification of furniture materials.In this paper,micro CT was used to obtain the micro images of CTOSS sections,radial sections and tangential sections of 24 kinds of rosewood,and the data sets were constructed.PCA method was used to reduce the dimension of four features including logical binary pattern,local configuration pattern,rotation invariant LBP,uniform LBP.These four fea-tures and one feature not reducing dimension(rotation invariant uniform LBP)was fused with Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix and Tamura features,respectively,a total of five fused features LBP+GLCM+Tamura,LCP+GLCM+Tamura,LBP_(P,R)^(u2)+GLCM+Tamura,LBP_(P,R)^(ri)+GLCM+Tamura and LBP_(P,R)^(riu2)+GLCM+Tamura were obtained.The five fused features were classified by extreme learning machine and BP neural network.The clas-sification effect of feature LBP_(P,R)^(u2)+GLCM+Tamura combined with extreme learning machine was the best,and the classification accuracy of CroSS,radial and tangential sections reached 100%,97.63%and 94.72%,respectively,which is 0.83%,2.77%and 5.70%higher than that of BP neural network.The classification running time of ELM is less than 1 s,and the classfcation eficiency is high.In condusion,the LBP_(P,R)^(u2)+GLCM+Tamura method com-bined with extreme learning machine can be used as a quick and acurate classifier,providing an efficient and feasible class ification method of rosewood.

Mechanical properties of coppiced and non-coppiced Pterocarpus erinaceus boles and their industrial application

Rosewood(Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir.)is valued for flooring,ornaments,musical instruments and furniture-making due to its durability,strength,beauty and acoustic properties.It coppices easily which could boost its continual supply.Compression parallel to grain,Modulus of Elasticity(MOE)and Modulus of Rupture(MOR)within coppiced and non-coppiced boles were determined.These properties decreased along both types of boles.Strength values for the heartwood were also greater than those for the sapwood of each type of bole.MOE,MOR and compression for non-coppiced stems were greater than those from the coppiced stems.The differences were significant(p<0.05).Mechanical properties from the coppiced and non-coppiced boles are comparable.Both have strength properties comparable with those of species widely used for railway sleepers,structural supports,flooring,veneer,furniture,cabinetry,truss and mine props.Therefore,coppiced wood could supplement non-coppiced wood for industrial applications which require strength.

Natural medicine can substitute antibiotics in animal husbandry:protective effects and mechanisms of rosewood essential oil against Salmonella infection

Aniba rosaeodora essential oil(RO) has been traditionally used in natural medicine as a substitute for antibiotics due to its notable antidepressant and antibacterial properties. Salmonella, a prevalent pathogen in foodborne illnesses, presents a major challenge to current antibiotic treatments. However, the antibacterial efficacy and mechanisms of action of RO against Salmonella spp. remain underexplored. This study aims to elucidate the chemical composition of RO, evaluate its antibacterial activity and mechanisms against Salmonella in vitro, and further delineate its anti-inflammatory mechanisms in vivo during Salmonella infection. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) was utilized to characterize the chemical constituents of RO. The antibacterial activity of RO was assessed using minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) and time-kill assays. Various biochemical assays were employed to uncover the potential bactericidal mechanisms. Additionally, mouse and chick models of Salmonella infection were established to investigate the prophylactic effects of RO treatment. RO exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with an MIC of 4 mg·mL^(-1) for Salmonella spp. RO treatment resulted in bacterial damage through the disruption of lipid and purine metabolism. Moreover, RO reduced injury and microbial colonization in infected mice and chicks. RO treatment also modulated the host inflammatory response by inhibiting proinflammatory pathways. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that RO is effective against Salmonella infection, highlighting its potential as an alternative to antibiotics for antibacterial therapy.

Toehold switch based biosensors for sensing the highly trafficked rosewood Dalbergia maritima

Nucleic acid sensing is a 3 decades old but still challenging area of application for different biological sub-domains,from pathogen detection to single cell transcriptomics analysis.The many applications of nucleic acid detection and identification are mostly carried out by PCR techniques,sequencing,and their derivatives used at large scale.However,these methods’limitations on speed,cost,complexity and specificity have motivated the development of innovative detection methods among which nucleic acid biosensing technologies seem promising.Toehold switches are a particular class of RNA sensing devices relying on a conformational switch of secondary structure induced by the pairing of the detected trigger RNA with a de novo designed synthetic sensing mRNA molecule.Here we describe a streamlined methodology enabling the development of such a sensor for the RNA-mediated detection of an endangered plant species in a cell-free reaction system.We applied this methodology to help identify the rosewood Dalbergia maritima,a highly trafficked wood,whose protection is limited by the capacity of the authorities to distinguish protected logs from other unprotected but related species.The streamlined pipeline presented in this work is a versatile framework enabling cheap and rapid development of new sensors for custom RNA detection.