Clinical Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Triple-Vessel Angioplasty for Symptomatic Coronary Artery Disease

Current treatment strategies for multi-vessel coronary artery disease include either coronary artery bypass surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting. The present study evaluates the morbidity and mortality among coronary artery disease patients undergoing triple-vessel angioplasty. This prospective record based descriptive study was carried out in Medical College, Pariyaram, Kannur, Kerala;a tertiary care cardiac centre in South India. Fifty consecutive patients who underwent angioplasty of one or more lesions in each of the three major coronary arteries from May 2010 to July 2012 were included in the study. The study describes the clinical profile of the patients and a moderate term clinical follow-up to reassess the symptoms, functional status and left ventricular function by history, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, and treadmill test. Mortality and morbidity were considered as end-points of the study. Event-free survival rate was 94% at a mean follow-up of 20 months. Overall 98% continued success was obtained with triple-vessel angioplasty. Triple-vessel angioplasty is a safe and effective therapy as an alternative to surgical revascularization in selected patients with triple-vessel coronary artery disease.

Illness Perception, Treatment Adherence and Coping in Persons with Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Angioplasty

Background and Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of sudden death. In this article, we compared patients’ illness perception (IP), treatment adherence and coping mechanisms of patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Methods: In this descriptive, prospective observational study IP, treatment adherence and coping of 140 patients were evaluated pre-PTCA, at the time of hospital discharge and 1 to 3 months post-PTCA by Illness Perception Questionnaire, Morisky Treatment Adherence and Carver’s brief COPE questionnaires. Results: 1 - 3 months post-PTCA, all dimensions of IP changed significantly except personal and treatment control. Adherence scores decreased simultaneously. With respect to coping mechanisms, all increased except behavioral disengagement, emotional support, instrumental support and religion which decreased significantly post-PTCA. Conclusions: In Overall, an improved IP and increased use of controllable causal attributions led to an increase in medication adherence and adaptive coping strategies. Post-treatment health behaviors are predictable by assessing patients’ illness-related beliefs beforehand.

Conservative strategy for treatment of stable coronary artery disease

Patients with coronary artery disease vary widely in terms of prognosis, which is mainly dependent on ventricular function. In relation to the major outcomes of death and myocardial infarction, it is not clear in the literature if an invasive strategy of myocardial revascularization is superior to a conservative strategy of optimized medical therapy. Moreover, with the exception of patients with left main coronary disease, this similarity in prognosis also occurs in different subgroups of patients.

Long-term effect of stenting in unprotected left main coronary artery disease in the elderly

To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of percutaneous stent implantation for treating left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis. Methods Consecutive patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease treated by stent-based percutaneous intervention (PCI) at 6 medical centers in China were enrolled. Procedural data and clinical outcomes were obtained from all patients. Results From January 2001 to December 2004, 138 patients (79 males and 59 females; mean age: 69.7±5.8 years)underwent PCI for LMCA stenosis. Bare metal stents (BMS) were implanted in 51 patients with non-bifurcational lesions and in 5 patients with bifurcational lesions from January of 2001 to June of 2003 (BMS group);. Drug eluting stents (DES) were used unselectively to cover both bifurcational and non-bifurcational lesions in 86 patients from July of 2003 to December of 2004 (DES group). Procedural success rate of the 138 cases was 98% (135/138). One patient (0.7%) with bifurcation lesion who was treated with DES died from severe heart failure 2 weeks after the procedure. During a mean follow up period of 21.3 ± 5.6 months, one patient died from renal failure, one from sudden cardiac death, 4 underwent target lesion revascularization (TLR) in the BMS group, which all occurred in patients with bifurcational lesions; whereas in the DES group no deaths occurred and only one patient with bifurcational lesion had TLR. Conclusions (1) PCI is feasible and relatively safe to treat unprotected left main coronary artery disease in elderly patients at medical centers with experienced professionals. (2) BMS and DES have similar immediate and long-term efficacy in the treatment of ostium and shaft lesions of the LMCA. (3) DES are strongly suggested in the therapy of distal bifurcation lesion of unprotected LMCA.

Drug eluting balloons for the treatment of coronary artery disease: What can we expect?

Drug-eluting balloons (DEBs) represent an enhancement of the therapeutic repertoire for the interventional cardiologist. The therapeutic concept of DEBs is promising, notably on the basis of initial studies in patients with diffuse in-stent restenosis (ISR). At present, however, a number of questions regarding long-term efficacy and safety remain, specifically in indications other than diffuse ISR. The results of the evaluation of different substances, balloon systems and clinical indications will determine the long-term success of DEBs.

Clinico-Angiographic Profile and Prevalence of Restenosis in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty to Left Main Coronary Artery: An Observational Cohort Study

Background: Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention in left main coronary artery (LMCA) requires special concern, being high risk and increasing patient population. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical profile, angiographic status, and prevalence of restenosis in patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in LMCA. Materials and Methods: This observational cohort study included 17 patients who underwent PTCA in LMCA during one-year study period at tertiary care centers in Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India. Data including various risk factors, clinical and angiographic details, stent used, procedural complications and outcomes including rate of restenosis were analyzed. Results: A total of 17 patients (mean age 53.88 ± 9.80 years) with 76.47% of males were included in the study. Smoking and hypertension were the most common risk factors presented in 52.94% and 47.06% of patients respectively. Single vessel disease (SVD) of LMCA was the most common pattern observed in 47.10%;the rate of restenosis was observed in 11.76% patients. Revascularization was performed in one patient (5.88%) with coronary artery bypass graft and in one patient (5.88%) with PTCA using drug eluting stent (DES). The overall procedural success was 88.24% in this study. Survival rate was 100% at one-year follow-up period. Conclusion: Our study involved patients who underwent PTCA in LMCA, showed smoking as a most prevalent risk factor for coronary artery disease and SVD as a most common pattern, comparatively low rate of restenosis and 100% of survival rate at one-year follow-up period.

PERCUTANEOUS TRANSLUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY FOR COMPLICATED CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS

Objective To research the effect of percutaneous transluminalcoronary angioplasty (PTCA) on treating complicated artery lesions.Methods Type B or type C of complicated coronary artery lesionswere confirmed by selective coronary angingraphy in 16 cases with coronaryheart disease.Gruentzig’s method was used in carring out PTCA.Results Fifteen of sixteen and thirty-two of thirty-five parts ofcoronary artery lesions were dilated successfully,the success rate was 93.7%and 88.5%,respectively.In failed four parts of PTCA,three parts werebecause of the guilding wire or the balloon failed to pass the narrow arterythrough,the other one was unable to be performed for the occurrencedsevere arrthymia during the procedure.Four stents were implantend foracute accident.Symptoms of the successful cases were improved ordisappeared after PTCA.Conclusion PTCA is also fit in treating complicated coronary arterylesions and has a better therapeutic effect,but it has more complications andrun more risks relatively.

Left main coronary stenosis as a late complication of percutaneous angioplasty:an old problem,but still a problem

Objective Accelerated left main coronary stenosis (LMCS) is a known potential late complication of coronary artery catheter procedures. The aim of this study was to assess the current occurrence of LMCS as a delayed complication of percutaneous angioplasty (PTCA) of the left coronary branches in our institution. Methods The medical records of patients referred for coronary artery by-pass surgery from the same Cardiology Unit in the January 2003 to December 2006 period and presenting a significant (> 50%) LMCS as a new finding following a PTCA of the left coronary artery branches, were reviewed. Patients with retrospective evidence of any LMCS at previous coronary angiographies preceding the percutaneous procedure were excluded. Results Thirty-seven patients (5 females, mean age 71.1±8.6 years) out of 944 (4%) having undergone a PTCA, fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 19 (51%) after a procedure also involving the LAD coronary artery. Extraback-up guiding catheters were used in most cases. Use of multiple wires or balloons was observed in 3 cases (8%). Rotablator and proximal occlusion device were used in one case respectively (3%). Twenty patients (54%) have had more than one percutaneous coronary intervention on the left coronary branches. The mean time elapsed from the first angioplasty and surgical intervention was 18.1±7.8 months. Conclusions The potential occurrence of LMCS following a percutaneous intervention procedure, especially when complicated and repeated, should not be underestimated in the current era. This evidence may offer the rationale to schedule non-invasive imaging tests to monitor left main coronary patency after the procedure as well as to fuel further research to develop less traumatic materials.

Safety and efficacy of dalteparin in percutaneous coronary intervention in Chinese patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary artery syndromes： comparison with unfractionated heparin

有希望地与高风险 non-ST-elevation 在病人评估安全和治疗学的功效 ofdalteparin 的目的急性冠的症候群(交流) 在经皮的冠的干预(一种总线标准) 期间。有高风险 non-ST-elevation 交流的 175 个病人的方法 Atotal 随机被分到 2 个组[dalteparin 组和 unfractionated 肝磷脂(UFH ) 组] 。在 dalteparin 组的病人此后不久皮下地在 5,000U 的剂量被给 dalteparin 诊断然后另外的 60U/ kg 在突现的一种总线标准前的静脉内的大丸药 ofdalteparin。脉管的存取鞘在一种总线标准或冠的动脉 angiography 以后立即被移开；如果 angiographic 调查结果证明病人对经皮的 transluminai 合适，组在一种总线标准和一丸另外的 65mg 大丸药前在第 25mgju 的剂量静脉内地被给 UFH 的在 UFH 的病人被管理冠的 angioplasty (PTCA ) 。鞘在一种总线标准以后在 4-6 小时被移开；当在 UFH 组的 82 个病人经历了一种总线标准时，在 dalteparin 的 83 个病人组织的结果经历了一种总线标准；在 dalteparin 组的 52 个病人的 anti-Xa 活动被测量。平均 anti-Xa 活动是(0.83 ????慊煣敵 s ?? 倀汯祬 ??ò楔敧 r 吗？？

准分子激光冠状动脉斑块消蚀术治疗复杂冠状动脉病变的临床观察

目的:探讨准分子冠状动脉斑块消蚀术(ELCA)治疗复杂冠状动脉病变的安全性和有效性。方法:回顾性分析2018年5月至2023年8月在我院采用ELCA治疗的50例(53处病变)复杂冠状动脉病变患者,观察ELCA的疗效和安全性,术后对患者进行定期随访,观察主要不良心脑血管事件发生的情况。结果:53处病变中4处因重度钙化,0.9 mm激光导管未能通过,ELCA治疗成功率为92.5%(49/53)。ELCA术后1处病变靶血管严重夹层、2处病变残余病变仍>30%,PCI手术即刻成功率为86.8%(46/53)。术后24 h有1例患者出现急性支架内血栓形成,急诊行血栓抽吸术后恢复,其余患者围术期无并发症发生。术后随访7(5~10)月,1例患者在术后1周因急性脑梗死致死,其余患者未发生主要不良心脑血管事件。结论:ELCA是治疗高阻力复杂冠状动脉病变的一种安全、有效的介入手段。

冠状动脉支架内旋磨术的安全性分析

目的:分析经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后支架膨胀不全、支架内再狭窄、支架变形、支架损毁、导丝嵌顿等原因下行冠状动脉支架内旋磨术的安全性。方法:纳入2016~2022年国内7家大型心脏中心因上述原因行冠状动脉支架内旋磨术的冠心病患者共19例,回顾性收集其基线资料、术中资料、手术并发症、住院期间手术相关不良事件(4a型心肌梗死、急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术和全因死亡)及出院后随访期间主要不良心血管事件(MACE,包括靶血管再次血运重建、脑卒中、全因死亡、再发心肌梗死)发生情况。结果:19例患者的中位年龄为70(64,73)岁,男性13例,平均左心室射血分数为(56.89±8.76)%。术中采用桡动脉入路13例,11例患者在干预期间仅用1个旋磨头,6例患者使用2个旋磨头,2例患者使用3个旋磨头,平均需(7.00±4.23)次旋磨通过病变,19例患者全部手术成功,即刻管腔获得面积为(1.23±0.78)mm^(2)。旋磨后所有患者均成功置入药物洗脱支架。旋磨术后发生冠状动脉慢血流1例,经药物治疗后改善;旋磨头嵌顿3例,经操作后成功拔出。术中未发生冠状动脉穿孔、冠状动脉夹层、冠状动脉痉挛、紧急转外科开胸手术、死亡等事件,住院期间也未发生手术相关不良事件。术后随访3~24个月,1例患者接受靶血管再次血运重建,其余患者未发生MACE。结论:本小样本分析结果表明,对于既往PCI术后支架膨胀不全、支架内再狭窄以及即刻PCI术中支架膨胀不全、支架变形、支架损毁、导丝嵌顿等情况,冠状动脉支架内旋磨术是一种可行的选择,手术成功率高,安全性良好,长期随访未发生MACE。

严重冠状动脉钙化病变患者行冠状动脉旋磨术后远期预后预测模型建立与评价

目的探讨严重冠状动脉钙化(CAC)病变患者在行冠状动脉旋磨术(RA)后远期主要心脑血管不良事件(MACCE)发生的危险因素,据此构建严重CAC病变患者行RA后远期MACCE发生的预测模型。方法回顾性分析2012年7月至2022年8月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院接受RA的严重CAC病变的冠心病患者共245例,中位随访时间49(28.0,70.5)个月,根据随访期间是否发生MACCE将研究对象分为MACCE组(61例)和非MACCE组(184例)。采用Lasso回归和多因素Cox回归分析确定严重CAC病变患者RA后远期MACCE发生的独立危险因素,在此基础上构建预测模型并对模型进行评价。结果Cox回归分析结果表明,发生院内MACCE、糖化血红蛋白和N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)是严重CAC病变患者行RA后远期MACCE发生的独立危险因素。建立Nomogram模型,模型的C-index为0.697,术后3年、4年和5年的接受者操作特性曲线(ROC)下面积分别为0.698、0.730和0.703,表明模型的预测准确性较好。校准图结果表明该模型预测风险与实际发生风险的一致性较好。临床决策曲线分析(DCA)结果显示,列线图模型具有较好的临床适用性。结论本研究建立的预测模型可以较好地评估严重CAC病变患者行RA后远期MACCE发生的危险程度,可以帮助临床医师筛选高危患者,制定个体化治疗,改善患者预后。

IVUS联合冠脉旋磨术在冠状动脉钙化病变患者中的疗效及对心功能指标的影响

目的:探讨血管内超声联合冠脉旋磨术在冠状动脉钙化病变患者中的效果及对心功能指标的影响。方法:选取景德镇市第一人民医院心血管内科2020年6月—2021年6月收治的冠状动脉严重钙化病变患者122例为研究对象,用随机数字表法将患者分成研究组(给予经皮冠状动脉介入治疗和血管内超声下冠脉旋磨术)和对照组(给予经皮冠状动脉介入治疗联合冠脉旋磨术),每组61例。分析对比两组患者的手术成功率、最大球囊压力、血管情况、心功能指标及术后12个月不良事件发生情况。结果:研究组手术成功率为100%,高于对照组的88.52%(P<0.05);术后,研究组残余狭窄率低于对照组,最大球囊压力、最大及最小管腔直径均大于对照组(P<0.05);术后,研究组心功能指标均优于对照组(P<0.05);研究组不良事件发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:采用血管内超声联合冠脉旋磨术治疗冠状动脉钙化病变患者,能够更加精准的实施手术,显著提升手术成功率,对患者心功能的改善也具有重要的促进意义,是临床治疗钙化病变的可靠方案之一。

冠状动脉斑块旋磨术联合震波球囊治疗冠状动脉重度钙化1例

冠心病是临床中常见的心血管疾病之一,我国冠心病人群的发病率仍呈现逐年上升趋势,增加了家庭与社会的负担。其中,冠状动脉钙化病变是所有冠状动脉介入医师所面临的挑战。本文报道了1例右冠状动脉严重狭窄伴重度钙化的老年男性患者,介入治疗的术中给予冠状动脉斑块旋磨术联合震波球囊进行钙化病变预处理并成功置入支架,改善患者生活质量,为冠状动脉钙化病变介入治疗提供震波球囊应用经验的同时也发现了一些不足之处,供心血管介入医师参考。

Comparison of pre-dilation with a non-compliant balloon versus a dual wire scoring balloon for coronary stenting

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of lesion preparation using the dual wire scoring balloon on stent expansion and long-term outcomes. Methods: Forty-six consecutive de novo lesions treated with a single >2.5 mm drug-eluting stent under intravascular ultrasound guidance, using two implantation strategies, were randomly assigned to: 1) pre-dilation with a non-compliant balloon (NC group;n = 23) or 2) pre-dilation with a dual wire scoring balloon (DS group;n = 23). Results: Although the balloon size and the maximal dilation pressure for pre-dilatation was larger (3.33 ± 0.28 vs 3.09 ± 0.33 mm, p = 0.01) and higher (11.6 ± 3.2 vs 8.6 ± 2.7 atm,

Guidezilla延长管辅助旋磨在复杂冠状动脉钙化病变介入治疗中的应用

目的评价Guidezilla延长管辅助旋磨在复杂冠状动脉钙化病变介入治疗中的有效性和安全性。方法连续入选2018年1月至2021年12月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院冠状动脉造影检查提示冠状动脉重度钙化病变患者45例,术中使用Guidezilla延长管辅助旋磨治疗。分析患者的临床基本资料、病变特点、旋磨治疗情况、术中并发症及住院期间主要不良心血管事件发生情况。结果45例患者冠状动脉钙化血管分布以右冠状动脉为主(21例,46.7%),其余包括左前降支11例(24.4%),左回旋支13例(28.9%)。冠状动脉钙化病变解剖学特征主要有以下特点:开口异常(9例,20.0%)、近段迂曲成角(8例,17.8%)、远段病变(28例,62.2%)。所有患者均旋磨成功并置入支架,钙化病变长度(18±6)mm、旋磨转速(17.1±1.2)×104 r/min、旋磨时间(1.4±0.4)min。术中未发生旋磨头嵌顿、血管破裂、严重夹层等并发症,住院期间无主要不良心血管事件发生。结论在复杂冠状动脉钙化病变中使用Guidezilla延长管辅助旋磨是安全、有效的手术方法。

介入治疗右冠状动脉扩张并急性心肌梗死1例

患者男,44岁,12 h前突发胸痛,外院心电图示急性下壁心肌梗死,予阿司匹林肠溶片300 mg、氯吡格雷300 mg、阿托伐他汀20 mg口服及尿激酶150万U静脉溶栓。查体:心率68次/分,律齐,心音低钝,二、三尖瓣听诊区未闻及明显杂音;血压90/60 mmHg。

冠状动脉旋磨术对老年冠心病合并冠状动脉钙化患者的疗效及安全性分析

目的探讨老年冠心病合并冠状动脉钙化患者采用冠状动脉旋磨术的治疗效果。方法选取该院2021年1-12月收治的老年冠心病合并冠状动脉钙化患者104例,根据是否行冠状动脉旋磨术分为对照组(54例,采用常规介入治疗)、观察组(50例,在常规介入基础上行冠状动脉旋磨术),比较两组患者治疗前后心脏射血分数(EF)、靶血管管腔直径、术后并发症情况以及术后12个月主要不良心血管事件(MACE)发生率。结果两组患者吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、术前心脏射血分数、术前靶血管管腔直径比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后观察组患者心脏射血分数、靶血管管腔直径明显优于对照组(P<0.05);术后两组患者并发症(冠状动脉夹层、穿孔、冠状动脉慢血流、心律失常)发生率无明显差异(P>0.05);术后12个月两组患者MACE事件(心源性死亡、非致死性心梗、支架内血栓形成、靶血管血运重建)发生率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论针对老年冠心病合冠状动脉钙化患者,冠状动脉旋磨术治疗能有效改善患者冠状动脉狭窄和心功能,安全性较高,值得临床广泛应用。

导丝联合球囊辅助360°迂曲桡动脉拉直技术完成冠状动脉介入操作的初步探讨

目的 对通过360°迂曲(环状迂曲)桡动脉完成冠状动脉介入诊疗操作进行初步探讨。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月1日至2023年6月30日山东第一医科大学第一附属医院15例环状迂曲右桡动脉的患者成功经桡动脉路径完成冠状动脉介入诊疗,并对经环状迂曲桡动脉的操作进行了总结。结果 本研究中15例患者均通过环状迂曲桡动脉完成了冠状动脉造影(CAG);对于存在环状迂曲桡动脉的患者经迂曲桡动脉行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)时,通过经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术导丝结合直径2.0mm球囊(6~8atm膨胀状态)辅助指引导管通过环状迂曲桡动脉后,交换为J形造影导丝将迂曲桡动脉部分拉直的状态下完成后续的CAG和PCI。左侧冠状动脉及右侧冠状动脉均可以通过该技术完成PCI,术后未出现前臂血肿及血管破裂等并发症。结论 导丝联合球囊的技术能够成功辅助导管通过环状迂曲桡动脉完成冠状动脉介入诊疗。

冠状动脉严重钙化病变应用冠状动脉旋磨术联合支架植入治疗的效果分析

目的观察冠状动脉旋磨术(percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty,PTCRA)联合支架植入治疗在冠状动脉严重钙化病变中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析2019年1月—2021年12月期间新疆生产建设兵团第四师医院及合作单位收治的57例冠心病患者的临床资料,所有患者均临床确诊,并采用支架植入治疗。按PTCRA的治疗时机进行分组,术前用PTCRA进行钙化病变预处理的32例患者为观察组,将PTCRA作为补救措施的25例患者为对照组。比较两组患者手术情况与术后随访情况。结果观察组术后血管直径为(4.31±1.03)mm,大于对照组的(3.36±0.73)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=4.042,P<0.001)。观察组术后血管狭窄率为(1.37±0.45)%,小于对照组的(2.59±0.33)%,差异有统计学意义(t=-11.368,P<0.001)。观察组术后LVEF为(59.24±6.08)%,高于对照组的(55.37±5.93)%,差异有统计学意义(t=2.410,P=0.019)。观察组术中并发症发生率为6.25%,低于对照组的28.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.993,P=0.025)。结论在对有严重钙化病变的冠心病患者实施支架植入治疗时,应用PTCRA对病变血管进行预处理,有助于降低手术过程的风险,并改善血管直径、血管狭窄程度以及左室射血分数。