A novel integrated film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene/potassium copper ferricyanide(KCuFC/SPSG)was used for selectively extracting rubidium ion(Rb^(+))from brine.To form KCuFC/SPSG,the precursor film of sulfonate...A novel integrated film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene/potassium copper ferricyanide(KCuFC/SPSG)was used for selectively extracting rubidium ion(Rb^(+))from brine.To form KCuFC/SPSG,the precursor film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene(SPSG)was synthesized by phase conversion process,which was alternately immersed in 0.1 mol·L^(-1)CuSO_(4)/K_(4)[Fe(CN)_(6)]by in-situ adsorption coupled co-precipitation method.Various data such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscope,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,and energy dispersive spectroscopy all verified that abundant KCuFC were uniformly located on the film.The resulting KCuFC/SPSG was used in film separation system.As the solution was fed into the system,the Rb^(+)could be selectively adsorption by KCuFC/SPSG.After the saturation adsorption,0.5 mol·L^(-1)NH_(4)Cl/HCl was fed into the film cell,Rb^(+)could be quickly desorbed by ion-exchange between Rb^(+)and NH_(4)^(+)in the lattice of KCuFC.The purpose of separating and recovering Rb^(+)from the brine can be achieved after the repeated operation.The effects of pH,adsorption time,and interferential ions on the adsorption capacity of Rb^(+)were investigated by batch experiments.The adsorption behavior fits the pseudo-second order kinetic process,while KCuFC has a higher adsorption capacity(Langmuir maximum sorption 165.4 mg·g^(-1)).In addition,KCuFC/SPSG shows excellent selectivity for Rb^(+)even in complex brine systems.KCuFC/SPSG could maintain 93.5%extraction efficiency after five adsorption/desorption cycles.展开更多
The friction reducing properties of sulfonated graphene as a lubricating additive were investigated using a four-ball machine tester with high carbon chromium bearing steels GCr15（SAE52100） friction pairs. The micro...The friction reducing properties of sulfonated graphene as a lubricating additive were investigated using a four-ball machine tester with high carbon chromium bearing steels GCr15（SAE52100） friction pairs. The microscopic morphology, elemental composition, and self-repairing properties were observed and analyzed by using scanning electronic microscopy（SEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD） and digital microscopy. The relationships among sulfonated graphene ethanol solution concentration, friction coefficient, and abrasion loss were revealed. It was found that the optimal concentration of ethanol solution with the addition of sulfonated graphene was 0.15g/m L and the coefficient of friction was only 0.105 under certain condition. Then the stable chemical properties and good anti-corrosion properties of the metal-graphene layer were further confirmed using salt spray corrosion test. In summary, sulfonated graphene can be used as a new kind of self repairing additive, and it has excellent wear-resistant and self-repairing performances.展开更多
A ternary hybrid membrane architecture consisting of sulfonated fluorinated multi-block copolymer （SFMC）, sulfonated （poly ether ether ketone） （SPEEK） and I or 5 wt% graphene oxide （GO） was fabricated through ...A ternary hybrid membrane architecture consisting of sulfonated fluorinated multi-block copolymer （SFMC）, sulfonated （poly ether ether ketone） （SPEEK） and I or 5 wt% graphene oxide （GO） was fabricated through a facile solution casting approach. The simple, but effective monomer sulfonation was performed for SFMC to create compact and rigid hydrophobic backbone structures, while conventional random sulfonation was carried-out for SPEEK. Hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic structure of SFMC enhances the compatibility with SPEEK and GO and allows for an unprecedented approach to alter me- chanical strength and proton conductivity of ternary hybrid membrane, as verified from universal test machine （UTM） curves and alternating current （AC） impedance plots. The impact of GO integration on the morphology and roughness of hybrid membrane was scrutinized using field emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM） and atomic force microscope （AFM）. Ternary hybrid showed uniform intercalation of GO nanosheets throughout the entire surface of membrane with an increased surface roughness of 8.91 nm. The constructed ternary hybrid membrane revealed excellent water absorption, ion exchange capacity and gas barrier properties, while retaining reasonable dimensional stability. The well-optimized ternary hybrid membrane containing 5 wt% GO revealed a maximum proton conductivity of 111.9 mS/cm, which is higher by a factor of two-fold with respect to that of bare SFMC membrane. The maximum PEMFC power density of 528.07mW/cm2 was yielded by ternary hybrid membrane at a load current density of 1321.1 mA/cm2 when operating the cell at 70 ℃ under 100% relative humidity （RH）. In comparison, a maximum power density of only 182.06 mW/cm2 was exhibited by the bare SFMC membrane at a load current density of 455.56 mA/cm2 under same operating conditions.展开更多
We report on the formation of a graphene monolayer on a Ru（0001） surface by annealing the Ru（0001） crystal. The samples are characterized by scanning tunnelling microscopy （STM） and Auger electron spectroscopy ...We report on the formation of a graphene monolayer on a Ru（0001） surface by annealing the Ru（0001） crystal. The samples are characterized by scanning tunnelling microscopy （STM） and Auger electron spectroscopy （AES）. STM images show that the Moire pattern is caused by the graphene layer mismatched with the underlying Ru（0001） surface and has an N × N superlattice. It is further found that the graphene monolayer on a Ru（0001） surface is very stable at high temperatures. Our results provide a simple and convenient method to produce a graphene monolayer on the Ru（0001） surface, which is used as a template for fabricating functional nanostructures needed in future nano devices and catalysis.展开更多
High quality sub-monolayer, monolayer, and bilayer graphene were grown on Ru（0001）. For the sub-monolayer graphene, the size of graphene islands with zigzag edges can be controlled by the dose of ethylene exposure. ...High quality sub-monolayer, monolayer, and bilayer graphene were grown on Ru（0001）. For the sub-monolayer graphene, the size of graphene islands with zigzag edges can be controlled by the dose of ethylene exposure. By increasing the dose of ethylene to 100 Langmuir at a high substrate temperature （800 ℃）, high quality single-crystalline monolayer graphene was synthesized on Ru（0001）. High quality bilayer graphene was formed by further increasing the dose of ethylene while reducing the cooling rate to 5 ℃/min. Raman spectroscopy revealed the vibrational states of graphene, G and 2D peaks appeared only in the bilayer graphene, which demonstrates that it behaves as the intrinsic graphene. Our present work affords methods to produce high quality sub-monolayer, monolayer, and bilayer graphene, both for basic research and applications.展开更多
Production of biodiesel by the transesterification process using different modified graphene‐based materials as catalysts was studied.Solid acid graphene‐based samples were prepared by grafting sulfonic or phosphate...Production of biodiesel by the transesterification process using different modified graphene‐based materials as catalysts was studied.Solid acid graphene‐based samples were prepared by grafting sulfonic or phosphate groups on the surface of thermally reduced graphene oxide.The obtained materials were thoroughly characterized using scanning electron microscopy,X‐ray diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy,N2 adsorption‐desorption measurements,potentiometric titration,elemental analysis,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The prepared catalysts were tested in the transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol at 130°C under pressure,and their activities were compared to the performance of a commercially available heterogeneous acidic catalyst,Amberlyst‐15.All modified samples were active in the transesterification process;however,significant differences were observed in the yield of biodiesel,depending on the method of catalyst preparation and strength of the acidic sites.The highest yield of fatty acid methyl esters of 70%was obtained for thermally reduced graphene oxide functionalized with 4‐benzenediazonium sulfonate after 6 h of processing,and this result was much higher than that obtained for the commercial catalyst Amberlyst‐15.The results of the reusability test were also promising.展开更多
We report on temperature-programmed growth of graphene islands on Ru （0001） at annealing temperatures of 700 ℃, 800 ℃, and 900 ℃. The sizes of the islands each show a nonlinear increase with the annealing tempera...We report on temperature-programmed growth of graphene islands on Ru （0001） at annealing temperatures of 700 ℃, 800 ℃, and 900 ℃. The sizes of the islands each show a nonlinear increase with the annealing temperature. In 700 ℃ and 800 ℃annealings, the islands have nearly the same sizes and their ascending edges are embedded in the upper steps of the ruthenium substrate, which is in accordance with the etching growth mode. In 900 ℃ annealing, the islands are much larger and of lower quality, which represents the early stage of Smoluchowski ripening. A longer time annealing at 900 ℃ brings the islands to final equilibrium with an ordered moire pattern. Our work provides new details about graphene early growth stages that could facilitate the better control of such a growth to obtain graphene with ideal size and high quality.展开更多
Unique MoS_(2)‐SnS_(2)heterogeneous nanoplates have successfully in‐situ grown on poly(3‐(1‐vinylimidazolium‐3‐yl)propane‐1‐sulfonate)functionalized polypyrrole/graphene oxide(PVIPS/PPy/GO).PVIPS can attract h...Unique MoS_(2)‐SnS_(2)heterogeneous nanoplates have successfully in‐situ grown on poly(3‐(1‐vinylimidazolium‐3‐yl)propane‐1‐sulfonate)functionalized polypyrrole/graphene oxide(PVIPS/PPy/GO).PVIPS can attract heptamolybdate ion(Mo7O246−)and Sn^(4+)as the precursors by the ion‐exchange,resulting in the simultaneous growth of 1T’‐MoS2 and the berndtite‐2T‐type hexagonal SnS_(2)by the interfacial induced effect of PVIPS.The obtained MoS_(2)‐SnS_(2)/PVIPS/PPy/GO can serve as electrocatalysts,exhibiting good NRR performance by the synergistic effect.The semi‐conducting SnS_(2)would limit the surface electron accessibility for suppressing HER process of 1T’‐MoS_(2),while metallic 1T’‐MoS_(2)might efficiently improve the NRR electroactivity of SnS_(2)by the creation of Mo‐Sn‐Sn trimer catalytic sites.Otherwise,the irreversible crystal phase transition has taken place during the NRR process.Partial 1T’‐MoS_(2)and SnS_(2)have electrochemically reacted with N_(2),and irreversibly converted into Mo^(2)N and SnxNz due to the formation of Mo−N and Sn−N bonding,meanwhile,partial SnS_(2) has been irreversibly evolved into SnS due to the reduction by the power source in the electrochemical system.It would put forward a new design idea for optimizing the preparation method and electrocatalytic activity of transition metal dichalcogenides.展开更多
PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic filler.Sulfuric acid was em...PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic filler.Sulfuric acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene oxide.The proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(SGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 S/cm to 0.060 S/cm.The induction of the optimum level of SGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic conductivity.The single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 min.The highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative humidity.Results showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical performance.The results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.展开更多
Using the hydrogen-bonding interaction between graphene oxide（GO） and sulfonated polyethersulfone （SPES）, we constructed the multilayer structure of GO and SPES on the polyester tiber mats via layer-by-layer self-...Using the hydrogen-bonding interaction between graphene oxide（GO） and sulfonated polyethersulfone （SPES）, we constructed the multilayer structure of GO and SPES on the polyester tiber mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly. In each self-assembled layer, sulfonic acid groups are arranged along the a^s of fiber, which provides the long-range proton transmission channels, promoting the rapidly proton conduction. The performances of the composite membranes based on SPES and multilayer assembled polyester fiber mats were studied. The results show that the proton conductivity of composite membranes increases with the increasing assembly layers. At the same time, the mechanical properties and methanol-resistance of the composite membranes were obviously improved.展开更多
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Science and Technology to Boost Economy 2020 Key Project,SQ2020YFF0412719 and SQ2020YFF0404901)The Key Research and Development and Transformation Program Funding in Qinghai Province(2021-GX-105)Major projects of Anhui Province and Anhui Province Key Research and Development Plan(202104e11020005)。
文摘A novel integrated film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene/potassium copper ferricyanide(KCuFC/SPSG)was used for selectively extracting rubidium ion(Rb^(+))from brine.To form KCuFC/SPSG,the precursor film of sulfonated polysulfone/graphene(SPSG)was synthesized by phase conversion process,which was alternately immersed in 0.1 mol·L^(-1)CuSO_(4)/K_(4)[Fe(CN)_(6)]by in-situ adsorption coupled co-precipitation method.Various data such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscope,X-ray photoelectron spectroscope,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,and energy dispersive spectroscopy all verified that abundant KCuFC were uniformly located on the film.The resulting KCuFC/SPSG was used in film separation system.As the solution was fed into the system,the Rb^(+)could be selectively adsorption by KCuFC/SPSG.After the saturation adsorption,0.5 mol·L^(-1)NH_(4)Cl/HCl was fed into the film cell,Rb^(+)could be quickly desorbed by ion-exchange between Rb^(+)and NH_(4)^(+)in the lattice of KCuFC.The purpose of separating and recovering Rb^(+)from the brine can be achieved after the repeated operation.The effects of pH,adsorption time,and interferential ions on the adsorption capacity of Rb^(+)were investigated by batch experiments.The adsorption behavior fits the pseudo-second order kinetic process,while KCuFC has a higher adsorption capacity(Langmuir maximum sorption 165.4 mg·g^(-1)).In addition,KCuFC/SPSG shows excellent selectivity for Rb^(+)even in complex brine systems.KCuFC/SPSG could maintain 93.5%extraction efficiency after five adsorption/desorption cycles.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51675230&51405195)
文摘The friction reducing properties of sulfonated graphene as a lubricating additive were investigated using a four-ball machine tester with high carbon chromium bearing steels GCr15（SAE52100） friction pairs. The microscopic morphology, elemental composition, and self-repairing properties were observed and analyzed by using scanning electronic microscopy（SEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD） and digital microscopy. The relationships among sulfonated graphene ethanol solution concentration, friction coefficient, and abrasion loss were revealed. It was found that the optimal concentration of ethanol solution with the addition of sulfonated graphene was 0.15g/m L and the coefficient of friction was only 0.105 under certain condition. Then the stable chemical properties and good anti-corrosion properties of the metal-graphene layer were further confirmed using salt spray corrosion test. In summary, sulfonated graphene can be used as a new kind of self repairing additive, and it has excellent wear-resistant and self-repairing performances.
基金supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE)of the Republic of Korea(No.20164030201070)supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT and future Planning(NRF-2017R1A2B4005230)
文摘A ternary hybrid membrane architecture consisting of sulfonated fluorinated multi-block copolymer （SFMC）, sulfonated （poly ether ether ketone） （SPEEK） and I or 5 wt% graphene oxide （GO） was fabricated through a facile solution casting approach. The simple, but effective monomer sulfonation was performed for SFMC to create compact and rigid hydrophobic backbone structures, while conventional random sulfonation was carried-out for SPEEK. Hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic structure of SFMC enhances the compatibility with SPEEK and GO and allows for an unprecedented approach to alter me- chanical strength and proton conductivity of ternary hybrid membrane, as verified from universal test machine （UTM） curves and alternating current （AC） impedance plots. The impact of GO integration on the morphology and roughness of hybrid membrane was scrutinized using field emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM） and atomic force microscope （AFM）. Ternary hybrid showed uniform intercalation of GO nanosheets throughout the entire surface of membrane with an increased surface roughness of 8.91 nm. The constructed ternary hybrid membrane revealed excellent water absorption, ion exchange capacity and gas barrier properties, while retaining reasonable dimensional stability. The well-optimized ternary hybrid membrane containing 5 wt% GO revealed a maximum proton conductivity of 111.9 mS/cm, which is higher by a factor of two-fold with respect to that of bare SFMC membrane. The maximum PEMFC power density of 528.07mW/cm2 was yielded by ternary hybrid membrane at a load current density of 1321.1 mA/cm2 when operating the cell at 70 ℃ under 100% relative humidity （RH）. In comparison, a maximum power density of only 182.06 mW/cm2 was exhibited by the bare SFMC membrane at a load current density of 455.56 mA/cm2 under same operating conditions.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos 90406022 and 10674159）.
文摘We report on the formation of a graphene monolayer on a Ru（0001） surface by annealing the Ru（0001） crystal. The samples are characterized by scanning tunnelling microscopy （STM） and Auger electron spectroscopy （AES）. STM images show that the Moire pattern is caused by the graphene layer mismatched with the underlying Ru（0001） surface and has an N × N superlattice. It is further found that the graphene monolayer on a Ru（0001） surface is very stable at high temperatures. Our results provide a simple and convenient method to produce a graphene monolayer on the Ru（0001） surface, which is used as a template for fabricating functional nanostructures needed in future nano devices and catalysis.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant Nos.2013CBA01600 and 2011CB932700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61222112 and 11334006)
文摘High quality sub-monolayer, monolayer, and bilayer graphene were grown on Ru（0001）. For the sub-monolayer graphene, the size of graphene islands with zigzag edges can be controlled by the dose of ethylene exposure. By increasing the dose of ethylene to 100 Langmuir at a high substrate temperature （800 ℃）, high quality single-crystalline monolayer graphene was synthesized on Ru（0001）. High quality bilayer graphene was formed by further increasing the dose of ethylene while reducing the cooling rate to 5 ℃/min. Raman spectroscopy revealed the vibrational states of graphene, G and 2D peaks appeared only in the bilayer graphene, which demonstrates that it behaves as the intrinsic graphene. Our present work affords methods to produce high quality sub-monolayer, monolayer, and bilayer graphene, both for basic research and applications.
文摘Production of biodiesel by the transesterification process using different modified graphene‐based materials as catalysts was studied.Solid acid graphene‐based samples were prepared by grafting sulfonic or phosphate groups on the surface of thermally reduced graphene oxide.The obtained materials were thoroughly characterized using scanning electron microscopy,X‐ray diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy,N2 adsorption‐desorption measurements,potentiometric titration,elemental analysis,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The prepared catalysts were tested in the transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol at 130°C under pressure,and their activities were compared to the performance of a commercially available heterogeneous acidic catalyst,Amberlyst‐15.All modified samples were active in the transesterification process;however,significant differences were observed in the yield of biodiesel,depending on the method of catalyst preparation and strength of the acidic sites.The highest yield of fatty acid methyl esters of 70%was obtained for thermally reduced graphene oxide functionalized with 4‐benzenediazonium sulfonate after 6 h of processing,and this result was much higher than that obtained for the commercial catalyst Amberlyst‐15.The results of the reusability test were also promising.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2011CB932700,2010CB923004,2010CB923004,and 2009CB929103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10834011 and 60976089)the Main Direction Program of Knowledge Innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KJCX2-YW-W22)
文摘We report on temperature-programmed growth of graphene islands on Ru （0001） at annealing temperatures of 700 ℃, 800 ℃, and 900 ℃. The sizes of the islands each show a nonlinear increase with the annealing temperature. In 700 ℃ and 800 ℃annealings, the islands have nearly the same sizes and their ascending edges are embedded in the upper steps of the ruthenium substrate, which is in accordance with the etching growth mode. In 900 ℃ annealing, the islands are much larger and of lower quality, which represents the early stage of Smoluchowski ripening. A longer time annealing at 900 ℃ brings the islands to final equilibrium with an ordered moire pattern. Our work provides new details about graphene early growth stages that could facilitate the better control of such a growth to obtain graphene with ideal size and high quality.
文摘Unique MoS_(2)‐SnS_(2)heterogeneous nanoplates have successfully in‐situ grown on poly(3‐(1‐vinylimidazolium‐3‐yl)propane‐1‐sulfonate)functionalized polypyrrole/graphene oxide(PVIPS/PPy/GO).PVIPS can attract heptamolybdate ion(Mo7O246−)and Sn^(4+)as the precursors by the ion‐exchange,resulting in the simultaneous growth of 1T’‐MoS2 and the berndtite‐2T‐type hexagonal SnS_(2)by the interfacial induced effect of PVIPS.The obtained MoS_(2)‐SnS_(2)/PVIPS/PPy/GO can serve as electrocatalysts,exhibiting good NRR performance by the synergistic effect.The semi‐conducting SnS_(2)would limit the surface electron accessibility for suppressing HER process of 1T’‐MoS_(2),while metallic 1T’‐MoS_(2)might efficiently improve the NRR electroactivity of SnS_(2)by the creation of Mo‐Sn‐Sn trimer catalytic sites.Otherwise,the irreversible crystal phase transition has taken place during the NRR process.Partial 1T’‐MoS_(2)and SnS_(2)have electrochemically reacted with N_(2),and irreversibly converted into Mo^(2)N and SnxNz due to the formation of Mo−N and Sn−N bonding,meanwhile,partial SnS_(2) has been irreversibly evolved into SnS due to the reduction by the power source in the electrochemical system.It would put forward a new design idea for optimizing the preparation method and electrocatalytic activity of transition metal dichalcogenides.
文摘PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic filler.Sulfuric acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene oxide.The proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(SGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 S/cm to 0.060 S/cm.The induction of the optimum level of SGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic conductivity.The single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 min.The highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative humidity.Results showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical performance.The results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（No.21574017）.
文摘Using the hydrogen-bonding interaction between graphene oxide（GO） and sulfonated polyethersulfone （SPES）, we constructed the multilayer structure of GO and SPES on the polyester tiber mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly. In each self-assembled layer, sulfonic acid groups are arranged along the a^s of fiber, which provides the long-range proton transmission channels, promoting the rapidly proton conduction. The performances of the composite membranes based on SPES and multilayer assembled polyester fiber mats were studied. The results show that the proton conductivity of composite membranes increases with the increasing assembly layers. At the same time, the mechanical properties and methanol-resistance of the composite membranes were obviously improved.
