Highly selective CO methanation over amorphous Ni-Ru-B/ZrO_2 catalyst

Amorphous Ni-Ru-B/ZrO_2 catalyst was prepared by the means of chemical reduction,and selective CO methanation as a strategy for CO removal in fuel processing applications was investigated over the amorphous Ni-Ru-B/ZrO_2 catalyst.The result showed that,at the temperature of 210-230℃,the catalyst was shown to be capable of reducing CO in a hydrogen-rich reformate to less than 10 ppm,while keeping the CO_2 conversion below 1.55%and the hydrogen consumption below 6.50%.

A Novel Ultrafine Ru-B Amorphous Alloy Catalyst for Glucose Hydrogenation to Sorbitol

An ultrafine Ru-B amorphous alloy catalyst was prepared by chemical reduction with KBH4 in aqueous solution,which exhibited perfect selectivity to sorbitol(~100%)and very high activity during the liquid phase gluecose hydrogenation,much higher than the corresponding crystallized Ru-B,the pure Ru powder,and Raney Ni catalysts.The correlation of the catalytic activity to both the structural and surface electronic characteristics was discussed bricfly.

Selective CO methanation over amorphous Ni-Ru-B/ZrO_2 catalyst for hydrogen-rich gas purification

Amorphous Ni-Ru-B/ZrO2 catalysts were prepared by chemical reduction method. The effects of Ni-Ru-B loading and Ru/Ni mole ratio on the catalytic performance for selective CO methanation from reformed fuel were studied, and the catalysts were characterized by BET, ICP, XRD and TPD. The results showed that Ru strongly affected the catalytic activity and selectivity by increasing the thermal stability of amorphous structure, promoting the dispersion of the catalyst particle, and intensifying the CO adsorption. For the catalysts with Ru/Ni mole ratio under 0.15, the CO methanation conversion and selectivity increased significantly with the increasing Ru/Ni mole ratio. Among all the catalysts investigated, the 30 wt% Ni-Ru-B loading amorphous Ni61Ru9B30/ZrO2 catalyst with 0.15 Ru/Ni mole ratio presented the best catalytic performance,over which higher than 99.9%of CO conversion was obtained in the temperature range of 230℃～250℃,and the CO2 conversion was kept under the level of 0.9%.

Amorphous TiO_2-supported Keggin-type ionic liquid catalyst catalytic oxidation of dibenzothiophene in diesel

Supported ionic liquid(IL) catalysts [C_nmim]_3PMo_(12)O_(40)/Am TiO_2(amorphous TiO_2) were synthesized through a one-step method for extraction coupled catalytic oxidative desulfurization(ECODS) system. Characterizations such as FTIR, DRS,wide-angle XRD, N_2 adsorption–desorption and XPS were applied to analyze the morphology and Keggin structure of the catalysts. In ECODS with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, it was found that ILs with longer alkyl chains in the cationic moiety had a better effect on the removal of dibenzothiophene. The desulfurization could reach 100% under optimal conditions, and GC–MS analysis was employed to detect the oxidized product after the reaction. Factors affecting the desulfurization efficiencies were discussed, and a possible mechanism was proposed. In addition, cyclic experiments were also conducted to investigate the recyclability of the supported catalyst. The catalytic activity of [C_(16)mim]_3 PMo_(12)O_(40)/Am TiO_2 only dropped from 100% to 92.9% after ten cycles, demonstrating the good recycling performance of the catalyst and its potential industrial application.

Ni-B/TiO_2 Amorphous Catalyst Used in Heavy Arenes of Petrochemicals Hydrogenation

A supported Ni-B/TiO2 amorphous catalyst was prepared by impregnation and reduction. It was characterized by XRD, SAED, DSC, XPS, etc.. The catalytic activity of catalyst was measured through the hydrogenation of heavy arenes in petrochemicals for the first time.

Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde to Cinnamyl Alcohol over An Ultrafine Co-B Amorphous Catalyst

A novel Co-B amorphous alloy catalyst in the form of ultrafine particles was prepared by chemical reduction of CoCl2 with aqueous NaBH4, which exhibited excellent activity and selectivity during the hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde to cinnamyl alcohol in liquid phase. The optimum yield of cinnamyl alcohol was 87.6%, much better than the yield of using Raney Ni, Raney Co and other Co-based catalysts.

Study on the Nanosized Amorphous Ru-Fe-B/ZrO_2 Alloy Catalyst for Benzene Selective Hydrogenation to Cyclohexene

新奇 nanosized 为到环己烯的苯选择加氢的非结晶的 Ru-Fe-B/ZrO2 合金催化剂被调查。这催化剂的优异性质被归因于 nanosize 和非结晶的特性的联合以及到它的组织上特性。另外，锌离子，在泥浆的 ZrO2 的内容，和催化剂的预告的处理的集中被发现在改进这项活动和催化剂的选择有效。给词调音：Ru-Fe-B/ZrO2 非结晶的催化剂；苯选择加氢；

Effect of Lanthanum on Performance of RuB Amorphous Alloy Catalyst for Benzene Selective Hydrogenation

The effect of La on the performance of a supported RuB amorphous alloy catalyst for benzene selective hydrogenation was studied by means of activity and selectivity tests, such as HRTEM, SAED, XPS, and XRD. The results show that the addition of La to RuB amorphous alloy catalyst can evidently increase the activity and improve the thermal stability of RuB amorphous alloy to refrain its crystallization. The promoting effect of La on the activity of RuB amorphous alloy catalyst is because of the high dispersion of the active components.

Effect of TiO_2 Support on the Composition, Morphology and Catalytic Property of the NiB Amorphous Alloy Catalyst

Both the unsupported and supported NiB amorphous alloy catalysts (NiB and NiB/TiO2) were prepared by the chemical reduction method. Their catalytic activities were tested by the hydrogenation of sulfolene. The interactions between the NiB alloy and TiO2 were discussed for the first time by using XRD, ICP, SEM and TEM.

Preparation and Application of Supported Amorphous Alloy Catalyst CoP/TiO_2

A new supported amorphous catalyst CoP/TiO2 was prepared by chemical reduction and characterized by ICP, XRD, TEM, BET and DSC. Its application in decomposing PH3 to high purity phosphor and its catalytic activity were studied. The decomposition rate is over 95% at 450 ℃. For comparison, unsupported CoP amorphous catalyst was prepared by the same method. The result suggests that CoP/TiO2 exhibits higher thermal stability and catalytic activity than CoP, which is attributed to the high dispersion of CoP alloy particles on the support-TiO2.

Effects of Cerium Dopant on Ni-B Amorphous Alloy Catalysts Used in 2-Ethylanthraquinone Hydrogenation

A series of Ce-doped Ni-B amorphous alloy catalysts were prepared by a KBH4 reduction method, characterized by ICP, BET, XRD, H2-chemisorption, H2-TPD, etc., and tested in the hydrogenation of 2-ethylanthraquinone. The results of characterization show that with the addition of Ce the amount of H2-chemisorption and H2-TPD areas first increases markedly and then decreases with the maximum appears at the atomic ratio of Ce to Ni of 0.036. The hydrogenation activity also shows the same trend. The effects of Ce are attributed to its dispersion of Ni particles, resulting in the formation of more surface Ni centers. However, much higher Ce contents may result in the decrease of the surface Ni contents. After heat treatment at higher temperatures, the amorphous structure of Ni-B is destroyed.

ACTIVATION MECHANISM OF AMORPHOUS Ni63Zr32La5 ALLOY HYDROGENATION CATALYST

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Preparation of Uniform Ni-B Amorphous Alloy Catalyst on CNTs and its Performance for Acetylene Selective Hydrogenation

Uniform Ni-B amorphous alloys about 14 nm have been prepared on CNTs-A support, named Ni-B/CNTs-A. In comparison with the Ni-B/CNTs amorphous catalyst, Ni-B/CNTs-A showed higher nickel loading, determined by ICP and better catalytic activity and ethylene selectivity in the acetylene hydrogenation reaction.

Amorphous urchin-like copper@nanosilica hybrid for efficient CO_(2) electroreduction to C2+ products

Currently most of research efforts for selective electrocatalysis CO_(2) reduction to C2+products have relied on crystalline Cu-based catalysts;amorphous Cu with abundant low-coordinated atoms holds greater promise for this conversion yet remains relatively underexplored.Here we report an amorphous urchin-like Cu@nanosilica hybrid synthesized by electrostatic coupling Si polyanions with Cu salt in hydrothermal processes.The Cu@nanosilica electrocatalyst displays excellent CO_(2) electroreduction activity and selectivity with a Faradic efficiency of 70.5%for C2+product production,and higher stability compared to the crystalline Cu counterpart.The solar-driven CO_(2) electrolysis yields an energy efficiency of 20%for C2+product production.Mechanism study reveals that the urchin-like Cu@nanosilica catalyst with amorphous Cu/Cu^(+)dispersion enhances CO_(2) adsorption and activation to facilitate generation of CO_(2)^(-)*and possible CO^(*)intermediates,and suppresses hydrogen evolution concurrently.The combined effects of both aspects promote efficient C2+product production from CO_(2) electroreduction.

Ru-B/SiO_2非晶态催化剂应用于液相葡萄糖加氢制山梨醇

采用浸渍法结合KBH4还原法制备了Ru B/SiO2 非晶态催化剂 (3 1 4 %Ru) ,并将其用于液相葡萄糖加氢制山梨醇反应 .结果表明 ,该催化剂具有良好的热稳定性 ,且其催化活性远高于RaneyNi和Ni B/SiO2 非晶态催化剂 ,山梨醇的选择性接近于 1 0 0 % ,显示出良好的工业化应用前景 .通过与晶态Ru B/SiO2 及Ru/SiO2 的催化活性进行比较 ,并结合ICP ,XRD ,DSC ,SEM ,XPS及氢吸附等表征结果 。

铬锰双金属催化剂催化HMF制备FDCA的研究

采用浸渍法制备了铬锰(Cr-Mn)双金属催化剂并用于5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)催化氧化制备2,5-呋喃二甲酸(FDCA)。研究了不同铬掺杂比例对催化效果的影响,并探索了HMF催化氧化制备FDCA的最佳反应条件。结果表明,在最佳反应条件下HMF转化率为99%,FDCA产率达到87.9%;Cr-Mn双金属催化剂表现出优异的催化性能,同时具有良好的稳定性,循环4次后仍保持较高的活性。该非贵金属催化剂为催化HMF制备FDCA提供了一种廉价、简便的制备方法。

Ru-B/γ-Al_2O_3非晶态催化剂的制备及其对苯二酚加氢催化性能的研究

采用化学还原法制备了负载型Ru-B/γ-Al_2O_3非晶态合金催化剂,并将其应用于对苯二酚液相加氢制备1,4-环己二醇反应。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、热重分析(TGA)、物理吸脱附技术对催化剂的性能进行了表征。研究了Ru负载量、反应温度、氢气压力、反应时间对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,在对苯二酚加氢反应中,最佳优化反应条件为:Ru质量分数为1.0%,反应温度为140℃,反应时间为3.5 h,氢气压力为3.0 MPa。此时,对苯二酚转化率为86.23%,目标产物1,4-环己二醇选择性为86.54%。且该催化剂具有较好的热稳定性,具有良好的工业化应用前景。

Design of earth-abundant amorphous transition metal-based catalysts for electrooxidation of small molecules:Advances and perspectives

Electrochemical oxidation of small molecules(e.g.,water,urea,methanol,hydrazine,and glycerol)has gained growing scientific interest in the fields of electrochemical energy conversion/storage and environmental remediation.Designing cost-effective catalysts for the electrooxidation of small molecules(ESM)is thus crucial for improving reaction efficiency.Recently,earth-abundant amorphous transition metal(TM)-based nanomaterials have aroused souring interest owing to their earth-abundance,flexible structures,and excellent electrochemical activities.Hundreds of amorphous TM-based nanomaterials have been designed and used as promising ESM catalysts.Herein,recent advances in the design of amorphous TM-based ESM catalysts are comprehensively reviewed.The features(e.g.,large specific surface area,flexible electronic structure,and facile structure reconstruction)of amorphous TM-based ESM catalysts are first analyzed.Afterward,the design of various TM-based catalysts with advanced strategies(e.g.,nanostructure design,component regulation,heteroatom doping,and heterostructure construction)is fully scrutinized,and the catalysts’structure-performance correlation is emphasized.Future perspectives in the development of cost-effective amorphous TM-based catalysts are then outlined.This review is expected to provide practical strategies for the design of next-generation amorphous electrocatalysts.

超声波辅助化学还原法制备Ru-B非晶态合金催化剂及用于麦芽糖催化加氢

采用超声波辅助化学还原法制备了Ru-B非晶态合金催化剂并用于麦芽糖加氢制备麦芽糖醇。采用X射线衍射、选区电子衍射、示差扫描量热、X射线光电子能谱、透射电子显微镜和H2吸附对Ru-B非晶态合金催化剂进行了表征。表征结果显示,与直接化学还原法制备的Ru-B非晶态合金催化剂相比,两者的结构、表面电子态和催化活性中心的本质均未发生明显变化,但前者比后者的颗粒更细,活性比表面积增大,导致催化活性明显提高。考察了超声波功率对Ru-B非晶态合金催化剂的结构及其催化活性的影响,确定了最佳超声波功率为60W。Ru-B非晶态合金催化剂的活性约为工业用Raney Ni催化剂的38倍左右,选择性为100%,且能重复使用6次以上,具有良好的工业化应用前景。