Analysis of the Effect and Influencing Factors of Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Based on A^(2)O-MBBR Integrated Process

[Objectives] This study was conducted to solve the prominent problems in the treatment of domestic sewage in southern rural areas of China. [Methods] An integrated process treatment mode of anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic moving bed biofilm reactor (A 2O-MBBR) was proposed to analyze and study its operating effect and influencing factors. [Results] The A^(2)O-MBBR mode had good COD removal efficiency and nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance, and the water quality index of the effluent met the Class A standard of GB181918-2002. This mode is suitable for treating rural domestic sewage, and has high treatment effects in different operating periods. In spring, the average removal rates of COD, NH_(4)^(+)-N, TN, TP and SS reached (83.53 ± 2.15)%, (89.44 ± 4.97)%, (67.36±18.53)%, (88.22±11.21)% and (91.73±2.25)%, respectively;In the autumn period, the average removal rates of COD, NH_(4)^(+)-N, TN, TP and SS were (83.49±2.64)%, (89.26±9.19)%, (66.05±17.00)%, (87.48±9.68)%, and (91.13±2.35)%. [Conclusions] This study provides theoretical reference and technical support for the popularization and application of A^(2)O-MBBR integrated process.

Measurement of Rural Inclusive Financial Development and Analysis of Spatial Effects on Anti-poverty

Based on two dimensions of supply and demand,we use six indicators to establish a rural inclusive financial development index and evaluate the development of China's rural inclusive finance. We use spatial panel data model to examine the relationship between financial inclusion and rural poverty. Results show that:( i) both the rural inclusive finance and rural residents' per capita consumption present spatial clustering feature and show significant spatial correlation;( ii) the development of rural inclusive finance has significant spatial effect on poverty alleviation along time and space dimensions. In this study,the paper puts forward policy recommendations on strengthening the rural financial resources flow and constructing diversified rural inclusive financial system.

Study on the Innovative Rural Domestic Sewage Processing Technique

On the basis of analyzing domestic sewage features in rural China and also previous experience in sewage processing, a high-efficiency and low-cost technique for the rural domestic sewage processing was proposed, that is, "new bio-trickling filter + ecological concrete tank". Such an innovative technique is fit for national conditions of China, and worth to be popularized in rural China. The study also provides a referential support for other researches.

Research on the Informatization Technology of Rural Residential Land Cadastral Data

Using innovative information means to form the digital management sys- tem of rural residential land is the key point to solve the difficult and hot issues in rural residential land management. In view of the diversity, large quantity, and preservation with paper of rural residential land data, a new method for automatic cutting and classification of digital images based on the image data source and us- ing the image processing algorithm and Python programming was proposed in order to achieve rapid and accurate collection and digital storage of rural residential land cadastral data. Using this method, digital image automatic cutting and classification were realized, and the efficiency and accuracy of this method was validated by comparing with the non-support free shooting method and manual image process- ing. The experimental results showed that the efficiency of the data acquisition of the fixed shooting method was 4.24 times of that of the non-support free shooting method with the accuracy rate increasing by 7.1%, and the efficiency of automatic image processing was 35 times of that of manual processing. Based on rapid and accuracy data acquisition, this method realized the automatic processing of digital images, which provided a reference for the research of informatization technology of the whole rural residential land data and has the value of popularization and appli- cation.

Study on Quantitative Evaluation of Rural Tourist Resources in Xichang City

Quantitative evaluation was conducted on rural tourist resources in Xichang City by national standard resources grading method and analytic hierarchy process. It was concluded that rural tourist resources in Xichang City were diversified in resources type and high in resources value and there were excellent rural tourist resources. The study provided a scientific and quantitative evaluation for reasonable development of rural tourism.

全过程人民民主赋能乡村治理现代化的路径探析

党的二十大报告指出,发展全过程人民民主是中国式现代化的本质要求之一。全过程人民民主是治理型民主,如何转化全过程人民民主的制度优势为治理效能从而助推中国式现代化进程至关重要。乡村是全过程人民民主的重要实践场域,全过程人民民主能够以独特的主体优势、结构优势和治理优势助力乡村治理实现现代化转型。但是从现实来看,全过程人民民主赋能乡村治理现代化面临治理主体弱化虚化、治理体制机制不健全、现代化治理能力不足等困境,严重阻碍民主治理效能的发挥。为此,要从提升多元治理主体能力、完善治理制度体系、加强智慧治理能力等方面扎实推进民主治理,促进乡村治理现代化纵深发展。

"Hollow Village" Evolution and Policy Control from the Perspective of Rural Urbanization: A Case Study of Jiangsu Province

From the perspective of the process of urbanization,this paper puts forward the corresponding public policy control by analyzing the characteristics of " hollowing" at different stages of urbanization. Moreover,the paper focuses on the stage of China's current urbanization.Based on the survey of migrant workers,this paper evaluates China's current policies,and argues that the rural " hollowing" is an objective that accompanies urbanization. At different stages of the process of urbanization,the rural " hollowing" presents different characteristics. Local governments should make policy and plan based on the different stages of local urbanization and local conditions,because of the extent of regional differences in economic and social development. This paper aims to guide the rural " hollowing" to develop toward the right direction.

Multifunctional Landscape Actor-Network Construction from the Perspective of Rural Tourism Experiences

During the construction of multifunctional landscape(MFL) actor-network, economic, social, and ecological functions presented significant differences, which resulted from the different roles and effects of various heterogeneous actors according to the tourism experience. In Hekou Village at the border area between China and North Korea, the roles and effects of heterogeneous actors during the MFL actor-network construction were analyzed by means of the analytic network process(ANP), which verified the Groundings-Entrepreneurship-Markets(GEM) theoretical framework of the MFL actor-network that assumed tourism experiences were core actors, and economic, social, and ecological landscape actors acted as support. Research results showed that in the MFL actornetwork construction, social and economic functions of landscapes were strong, while ecological and tourism experience functions were weak and that folk customs and land utilization were key actors of the MFL actor-network construction. In the MFL actor-network construction, actors played different roles and had different effects on the network. Intelligence facilities and rurality were critical to drive the MFL actor network translation process and pass through "obligatory passage point". By changing the interaction mode and intensity of the actors, the MFL actor-network could be promoted.

Stroke Care in an Australian Rural Private Health Care Setting

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death in Australia. There is a clear benefit in caring for stroke patients in stroke care units. Access to these centres is limited particularly in the rural setting. Certified stroke care units in the private health care setting are also unheard of. The superiority of these units is thought to be due to better adherence to processes of care (early utility of CT scan, allied health input within 24 hours, neurological observations, DVT prophylaxis and appropriate use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant use). We audited care of 100 patients who presented to the St. John of God Hospital (rural private hospital) over a period of 3 years. This included baseline demographics, adherence of processes of care, utility of appropriate investigations, and outcome measures such as discharge destination, level of function at discharge and complication rates. These data were compared with the national stroke report (AuSCR) and adherence to processes of care was compared with the SCOPE study (the first study to establish the benefit of POC). When compared with data from the AuSCR national report 2012, we found a higher mortality rate, an increased rate of disability on discharge, and a mixed adherence to processes of care. We also found a significant proportion of patients (40%) who were eligible to receive thrombolysis but did not. Overall we found that there were significant strengths to be drawn upon in the rural private healthcare setting and a more organised approach could improve outcomes.

Rural and Urban Poverty Calls for Equal Treatment

During recent years, along with the deepening of reform and opening up to the outside world, China's poverty problem has gradually changed from a problem of rural poverty to the co-existence of rural and urban poverty. In this article, the authors review the existing poverty standards and overall poverty situation in China, and assess the performance of the state's current anti-poverty policies. In view of the main problems in existing anti-poverty policies, the authors suggest the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. Through establishing unified poverty standards, monitoring systems and anti-poverty policies, equal emphasis will be given to poverty alleviation in both areas. And the social security and employment systems in both urban and rural areas will be coordinated.

An Evaluation System for Agriculture and Tourism Coupling Degree of Rural Complex Based on Production-living-ecological Space

Rural complex is a bright spot for China to realize the development of new industries for rural revitalization.Starting from the concept,development history and current situation of rural complex,based on the perspective of production-living-ecological space,according to the different characteristics of agriculture and tourism,3 secondary indices and 18 tertiary indices were selected,and each of them was weighted using the Delphi expert consultation method and analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to construct an evaluation system for the coupling degree of agriculture and tourism in rural complex.The results show gross domestic product and forest coverage have the most significant impact on agriculture,economic benefits and the ecological water quality of tourist attractions have the most significant impact on the tourism industry,and tourism economic benefits and agricultural ecological benefits have the most significant impact on rural complex.

Distribution of Land Increment Income from Marketing Rural Collective Land for Development Purposes : A Case Study of Changyuan City

In order to protect the property rights and interests of farmers,promote the revitalization and development of rural areas,and provide a reference basis for the reform of marketing rural collective land for development purposes,this study explores the reasonable distribution proportion of land increment income from marketing rural collective land for development purposes through analytic hierarchy process and Delphi expert scoring method.The results show that there is a positive correlation between land increment income and land grade,that is,the higher the land grade,the higher the increment income,the larger the proportion of increment income to the transaction price.According to the calculation,when marketing rural collective land for development purposes,the reasonable distribution proportion of the land increment income of the government and the village collective is 28.6%and 71.4%,respectively,and the land increment income actually obtained by farmers has been greatly improved compared with the current situation.In practice,this distribution model has universal applicability and long-term mechanism.The reform of marketing also needs to improve the standard of marketing,explore diversified channels to protect interests,and strengthen the construction of rural collective management system.In short,the distribution of land increment income from marketing rural collective land for development purposes should proceed from the perspective of land property rights and the factors affecting the price of collective land for development purposes,in order to build a reasonable income distribution model.

Existing Problems and Solutions on Rural Primary School Language Education

At present,there are still many problems in language teaching in rural primary schools,which will affect the quality of teaching if we don't pay much attention to them.This article focuses on the existing flaws in current language teaching and provides some solutions.

乡村青年教师获得感指标体系构建研究

作为乡村教师队伍的后备力量与持续动力,乡村青年教师承担着振兴乡村教育发展的重任。切实的获得感是增进乡村教师职业吸引力、坚定乡村青年教师教育信念的关键因素,也是建设高质量乡村教师队伍的根本保障。研究通过修正德尔菲法与层次分析法建构了包含“生存保障获得感”“关系归属获得感”“自我发展获得感”3个一级指标、“物质经济获得感”“政策保障获得感”“社会交往获得感”“公共文化获得感”“社会声望获得感”“专业成长获得感”“职业成就获得感”7个二级指标及28个相应三级指标的乡村青年教师获得感指标体系。在此基础上提出乡村青年教师获得感提升理路:完善物质保障,推进差异化教师激励政策;整合关系归属,锚定人性化社会需要;保持自我发展,合理规划未来预期。

百年中国现代化进程的历史反思与时代性超越——兼论“三农”问题的历史累积与乡村振兴的实现

以洋务运动为始,中国走上以工业化为主导的现代化道路。但是,中国传统文明与西方式现代化取向之间形成历史“悖论”,这种悖论关系更突出体现在城乡背离化发展态势上。如何走出具有中国特色的现代化道路,并从根本上摆脱这一困境,一直是中国共产党的历史使命之一。在总结和汲取近代以来中国现代化发展经验和教训的基础上,中国共产党领导人民成功走出中国式现代化道路。中国共产党通过乡村振兴战略的全面实施,从根本上突破近代以来百余年的“三农”困境,从而解决了中国现代化发展中的“悖论”问题。

乡村治理现代化进程中的村民自治:乡村全过程人民民主的制度实践研究

乡村治理现代化是国家治理现代化的重要组成部分,也是实现乡村振兴的基石。村民自治作为乡村治理现代化的实践产物,是乡村全过程人民民主的制度创新。村民的广泛参与要求、乡村社会结构矛盾转变以及国家与基层协同推动构成了乡村全过程人民民主制度创新的基本逻辑。在实践过程中,乡村自治存在功能悬浮化、实施形式化、发展非均衡化、“微”腐败凸显化、嵌入待融合化等现实张力,使得乡村全过程人民民主面临着挑战。今后需要从完善村民自治制度体系,协调民主选举、民主协商、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督发展,加强正式制度与乡规民约耦合,优化乡村社会的人文环境等方面完善村民自治,以促进乡村基层全过程人民民主的发展。

徐州市食品加工业在乡村振兴过程中发挥作用的途径分析

江苏省徐州市食品加工行业发展基础较好,要想在乡村振兴过程中充分发挥其优势,需要做到鼓励精深加工,开发特色产品;推进企业集群化发展,发挥集群效应;推动营商环节网络化;加强品牌建设;鼓励食品加工企业与科研单位加强合作;打造从种植养殖、加工到销售的食品全产业链体系等。

农村灰水一体化PMBF处理技术研究

针对农村灰水水量大、污染物浓度低、易于处理和资源化利用的特点,结合农村灰水一体化处理技术欠缺及资源化利于水平低的现状,研发了以“强化预处理+多介质渗滤”为主体工艺并优化集成的农村灰水一体化PMBF处理技术。取化粪池上清液调配至目标水质作为中试装置的进水,稳定运行后,主要污染物指标COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN、TP去除率分别为76.2%、77.4%、14.8%、11.5%,出水可达到农村生活污水污染物排放要求,消毒后可满足《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》(GB/T 18920-2020)中道路清扫、绿化、建筑等用水需求。一体化PMBF工艺占地面积小,运行维护管理简单,经济成本低,设计规模10 m^(3)/d的处理设施,吨水占地约2 m^(2)/m^(3),吨水建设成本约7000元/m^(3),吨水运行成本约0.2元/m^(3)。

基于ISM和AHP的城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知关键影响因素分析

深入研究城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知关键影响因素,对政府调节公众风险感知、提升应急管理能力具有重要意义。首先构建城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知影响因素指标体系,然后利用解释结构模型(ISM)方法对影响因素进行层次分析,并采用层次分析(AHP)法对各层次影响因素的影响力大小进行分析,确定城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知的关键影响因素。结果表明:城乡结合部公众突发公共卫生事件风险感知的影响因素分为直接因素、间接因素和根本因素三个层次;应急决策指挥和感染死亡情况是关键直接影响因素,医疗救援能力和应急物资保障是关键间接影响因素,文化水平、技能水平和公共设施完善度是关键根本影响因素。针对关键影响因素,提出建立和完善预警系统、普及宣传应急知识和加大对城乡结合部地区医疗机构的投入等措施,为政府应急管理提供决策支持。