This study was designed to evaluate whether the decentralized rural kitchen waste(KW)composting technologies used in China can be widely applied.To this end,we completed a techno-economic analysis of three typical typ...This study was designed to evaluate whether the decentralized rural kitchen waste(KW)composting technologies used in China can be widely applied.To this end,we completed a techno-economic analysis of three typical types of KW compositing,namely solar-assisted(SAC),bio-enhanced(BEC),and heat-dewatering composting(HDC).These evaluations revealed that all three technologies produce composting products that meet China’s organic fertilizer standard and that both SAC and BEC are economically self-sustaining and generate net profits(18824.94 and 17791.52 US$/a)and positive net present values(32133.11 and 25035.93 US$).Subsequent sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the KW-handling subsidy plays a critical role in making decentralized composting economically attractive.Based on these analyses,we believe that reducing the coverage area of SAC,reducing the operating cost of BEC and HDC,upgrading composting products,and strengthening secondary pollution control would aid in supporting the technological improvement of these processes.Moreover,providing appropriate subsidies and promulgating specific standards and policies for KW fertilizer are key strategies for decentralized rural KW composting management.展开更多
利用农村已有的8 m3户用沼气池,探索技术可行且应用成本相对较低的单相厌氧消化工艺条件,实现农村小批量餐厨垃圾现场化处置,并无害化处理终端废弃物实现资源化利用。原料取自四川省内农户家庭,采用单相半连续发酵进行厌氧消化,选定进...利用农村已有的8 m3户用沼气池,探索技术可行且应用成本相对较低的单相厌氧消化工艺条件,实现农村小批量餐厨垃圾现场化处置,并无害化处理终端废弃物实现资源化利用。原料取自四川省内农户家庭,采用单相半连续发酵进行厌氧消化,选定进料有机负荷与接种量为工艺条件变量,以实际产气量、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）含量等为评价指标,并对其终端废弃物沼液与沼渣进行取样分析。结果表明：农村餐厨垃圾基本理化特性使其具备适用厌氧消化技术的条件和可能性,将其进料有机负荷控制在10 g VS/L,接种量维持在20~30 g VS/L范围内,该厌氧发酵系统有着相对较高的降解效率,实际产气量在457~485 m L/g VS范围内,其产生的沼气可直接作为清洁能源使用,其终端废弃物沼渣沼液符合农业部生物有机肥国家标准（NY 884—2012）,可直接作为农业有机肥施用。可得出结论,以农村户用沼气工程现有的管理水平与管理模式为基础,对餐厨垃圾进行单相厌氧消化,无需大量额外的辅助设备与复杂操作流程,厌氧消化工艺操作简单易行且便于推广,经济效益明显,环境效益较优。展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the Zhejiang Province Key Research and Development Project(Nos.2019C03006 and 2021C03024).
文摘This study was designed to evaluate whether the decentralized rural kitchen waste(KW)composting technologies used in China can be widely applied.To this end,we completed a techno-economic analysis of three typical types of KW compositing,namely solar-assisted(SAC),bio-enhanced(BEC),and heat-dewatering composting(HDC).These evaluations revealed that all three technologies produce composting products that meet China’s organic fertilizer standard and that both SAC and BEC are economically self-sustaining and generate net profits(18824.94 and 17791.52 US$/a)and positive net present values(32133.11 and 25035.93 US$).Subsequent sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the KW-handling subsidy plays a critical role in making decentralized composting economically attractive.Based on these analyses,we believe that reducing the coverage area of SAC,reducing the operating cost of BEC and HDC,upgrading composting products,and strengthening secondary pollution control would aid in supporting the technological improvement of these processes.Moreover,providing appropriate subsidies and promulgating specific standards and policies for KW fertilizer are key strategies for decentralized rural KW composting management.
文摘利用农村已有的8 m3户用沼气池,探索技术可行且应用成本相对较低的单相厌氧消化工艺条件,实现农村小批量餐厨垃圾现场化处置,并无害化处理终端废弃物实现资源化利用。原料取自四川省内农户家庭,采用单相半连续发酵进行厌氧消化,选定进料有机负荷与接种量为工艺条件变量,以实际产气量、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）含量等为评价指标,并对其终端废弃物沼液与沼渣进行取样分析。结果表明：农村餐厨垃圾基本理化特性使其具备适用厌氧消化技术的条件和可能性,将其进料有机负荷控制在10 g VS/L,接种量维持在20~30 g VS/L范围内,该厌氧发酵系统有着相对较高的降解效率,实际产气量在457~485 m L/g VS范围内,其产生的沼气可直接作为清洁能源使用,其终端废弃物沼渣沼液符合农业部生物有机肥国家标准（NY 884—2012）,可直接作为农业有机肥施用。可得出结论,以农村户用沼气工程现有的管理水平与管理模式为基础,对餐厨垃圾进行单相厌氧消化,无需大量额外的辅助设备与复杂操作流程,厌氧消化工艺操作简单易行且便于推广,经济效益明显,环境效益较优。
