Consumption Status of Rural Residents in Shanxi Province

After the analysis on the consumption changes of rural residents in Shanxi Province during the 30 years since the reform and opening up,it indicates that,their consumption scale has been expanding,the consumption level has been greatly promoted,the consumption structure has been gradually becoming reasonable and the consumption quality has been obviously improved.An analysis is also conducted on the influencing factors constraining the consumption demand of rural residents,mainly including the farmers' lack of capacity to increase income and inadequate support for consumption;heavy burdens on farmers and instable income expectation;bad consumption environment and increasing constraints on consumption demand;less consumption goods suitable for farmers;unsound security system which affects the immediate consumption of farmers;backward consumption concept which restricts the improvement of consumption level.At last some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed,namely,maintaining the constant income growth of farmers so as to improve their purchasing power;establishing modern circulation network in rural areas so as to ensure a smooth channel for commodity market;enhancing the rural infrastructure construction so as to improve the consumption environment of rural residents;producing marketable commodities so as to meet rural market demand;perfecting social security system so as to improve the consumer tendency of farmers.

Obstacles to Rural Residents' Consumption in China and the Countermeasures

On the basis of relevant statistical data, this paper analyzes the obstacles to rural residents' consumption in China as follows: the consumption structure is restricted critically; the consumption environment cannot meet the need of social development; the traditional consumption concept has not yet been changed; the social security system is not sound; the support of rural finance is short. Pointed countermeasures for eliminating the obstacles to rural residents' consumption are put forward as follows: first, adopt effective measures to elevate the level of farmers' income; second, strengthen the credit support of rural finance; third, quicken the pace of modernized development in rural areas; fourth, construct perfect rural social security system.

Comprehensive Evaluation on Consumption Structure of Rural Residents with Principal Component Analysis in China

In order to make analysis on consumption structure of rural residents,the paper makes a principle component analysis on consumption expenditure per capita of rural residents in different areas of 2009 based on statistics of China statistical yearbook of 2010.Selecting a principal component,the paper arranges 31 provinces in China in order.Shanghai lists the 1st place with highest marks;coastal provinces in southeastern part,the Northeast,Beijing and Tianjin are at the top;the northern and central parts with Hebei,Shanxi,Hubei as representatives scores minus which is a little lower than that of average;the western part,such as Guizhou,Xizang,Gansu and so on are in far behind.The paper also makes analysis on the consumption structure of rural residents and proposes suggestions on how to accelerate consumption of rural residents.

Empirical Study on the Relationship between Income and Consumption of Rural Residents in Hebei Province

Based on the relevant data of the actual income and consumption of rural residents in Hebei Province from 1983 to 2007,the relationship between actual income and consumption of rural residents was tested by applying the co-integration theory and Granger causality test.The result shows that there is long-term stable equilibrium relationship between the net Income per capita and consumption expenditure per capita of rural residents in Hebei Province from 1983 to 2007;the result of Granger causality test shows that the actual Income of rural residents in Hebei Province has significant impact on the actual consumption,but the impact is weakened gradually;in short term,the impact of the actual consumption on the actual income is not so significant,but the impact will become significant gradually as time goes on.During the process of the mutual impact and function of the actual income and consumption of rural residents in Hebei Province,the impact of the actual income of rural residents on the actual consumption is mainly represented in short term;in middle term,the interactions between the actual Income and actual consumption are significant;in long term,the impact of the actual consumption on the actual income is mainly displayed.According to the result,in short term the government in Hebei Province can expand consumption through increasing the income of rural residents,while in long term the government can drive the economic growth by expanding domestic demands.

Research on the Consumption Function of Rural Residents in Hunan Province

Based on literature review,according to relevant consumption data in Hunan Statistical Yearbook and China Statistical Yearbook during1978-2009,the thesis selects three indexes involving the average income per rural resident,per capita living expenses of rural residents and percapita savings to conduct the unit root and co-integration test on the consumption and net income per rural residents in Hunan Province by adoptingthe generalized difference method and EVIEWS6.0,then according to the Modigliani Hypothesis of Consumption,Duesenberry Hypothesis of Con-sumption and Keynes Absolute Income Hypothesis,the thesis makes a fitting of Hunan consumption function model,aiming to find out the consump-tion function model suitable to Hunan Province.The results show that,Keynesian consumption function based on Absolute Income Hypothesis pas-ses the statistical test and econometric test,while the consumption function model based on Relative Income Hypothesis and that based on Life Cy-cle Hypothesis do not,which proves that the consumption function model based on Absolute Income Hypothesis is better suited for describing the re-lations between rural consumption and income in Hunan Province.Taking into account the low marginal propensity of consumption of the rural resi-dents in Hunan Province,the thesis proposes to expand consumption demand of rural residents:firstly,developing characteristic economy and im-proving the income level of rural residents;secondly,perfecting the social security system in rural areas and maintaining the consumption confi-dence of rural residents;thirdly,ameliorating the circulation system.

Empirical Analysis on the Relations between Rural Residents' Consumption and Economic Growth——A Case of Liaoning Province

Liaoning is a granary province with a large agricultural population and great market potential. Expanding rural residents' consumption becomes a necessity for enlarging domestic demand, solving three agriculture problems and promoting sustainable and rapid economic development. The research shows that since invigorating old industrial base in Liaoning, the contribution rate of rural residents' consumption to economic motivation is low and unstable, which has become one of the choke points for the development of economy. By using the grey correlation method, the influences of rural residents' consumption in different periods to GDP per capita are analyzed, the results show that the consumption level of rural residents were increasing, but their contribution rate on economic growth showed the descending tend. The residential expenses stay in the major position of consumption expenses; the education and entertainment products and service consumption play an important role; the growth of transportation and telecommunication is slow; the expenses on medical care are low and its contribution rate on economic growth is relatively weak. The countermeasures on developing rural economy, increasing rural residents' income, improving rural consumption environment, accelerating rural infrastructure construction, constructing and perfecting rural social security system and expanding rural consumption credit market are put forward to expand rural residents' consumption demand and realize the sustainable development of economy.

Difference of Life Expenses among Rural Residents——A Case of Anhui Province,China

Literature review on the status of consumption difference of rural residents and its causation analysis is carried out.Most researches introduce the status and causation of consumption cap in rural residents from different aspects,which mainly analyze the obsolete data from the macroscopic angle by measuring methods.Only a few researches analyze the data in recent years from the provincial angle by using Theil index as the analysis index.Therefore,taking Anhui Province as an example,Theil index is selected to calculate the consumption gap of rural residents in Anhui Province in the years 2003-2008,according to the sample survey of rural households in Anhui Province in the years 2004-2009.Through the analysis of living consumption expenditure of rural residents,consumption change and its various internal causes are studied.Result shows that differentiation change of food and residence consumption expenditure is the major reason for the differentiation change of living consumption expenditure.Proportions of other expenditures are relatively small,having little impact on the living consumption of rural residents.Based on this,suggestions are put forward in order to minimize the difference in living consumption expenditure in rural areas,such as enhancing the income level of middle and low-income family in rural areas,improving the reform of education and health care,and strengthening the construction of rural road.

Religious Believers Share the Fruit of China’s Reforms——The story of a rural district in Shanxi Province

At Jiancaoping District, a rural part of Taiyuan, the capital city of Shanxi Province, north China, more than 8% of the residents are religious, believing in Catholicism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, as well as China＇s indigenous religion, Taoism. In other words, all the five religions in China have believers here. In particular, there are 16 villages with altogether 10,000 Catholics living in compact communties. It so happens that most religious people live in mountainous or hilly areas in the district, where adverse natural conditions once rendered them poor.

Research on Consumption Structure of Rural Residents in Gansu Province Based on ELES Model

By using cross-section data on consumption structure of rural residents in Gansu Province in 2007 and 2008,this paper adopts ELES model to conduct empirical analysis on consumption structure of rural residents in Gansu Province.It indicates that in the current consumption structure of rural residents in Gansu Province,food expenditure is still at the most important and basic level;the overall consumption level of rural residents in Gansu Province is not high;at present,the consumption of rural residents in Gansu Province still hinges in a large measure on income,vulnerable to the price fluctuation.Consequently,increasing farmers' income and stabilizing the level of commodity price,turns out to be a foundation as well as an important approach to improve consumption structure of rural residents in Gansu Province.

The Income Gap among Rural Residents in Shaanxi Province,China

According to the analysis on the current status of the income gap among rural residents in Shaanxi Province,it is found out that the income of rural residents in Shaanxi Province of China is not only lower than the average income level of China,but also far lower than the income level of urban residents and the income level of rural residents in developed areas.The low income is mainly caused by the increasing income gap among income groups and the income gap among rural residents in different areas.Based on this,causations for the income gap among rural residents are analyzed from three aspects of the cultural difference,the regional economic difference,and the industrial structure difference.Countermeasures for narrowing the income gap and increasing the farmers' income in Shaanxi Province are put forward,such as vigorously developing the rural economy and speeding up the transfer of rural surplus labor forces in China.

Study on Characteristics of Consumption Demand and Its Constraints of Rural Areas in China

Combining the statistic data of 1997~2009,this paper analyzes the income of farmers in eight minority areas, structure of consumption demand, the marginal propensity to consume and its constraints factors on eight minority provinces,finally, concludes with some specific proposals. That includes increasing peasant’s income, strengthening rural infrastructure construction, establishing perfect rural social security system and promoting reasonable and healthy consumption of peasants.

The Analysis of Limitation of Engel's Coefficient——A Case Study of Rural Areas in Hebei Province

On the basis of introducing relevant theories of Engel's coefficient,this paper analyzes the limitation of these theories in practical application currently in China,for example,continuing to use original theory,not in line with reality of China;comparison invalidity in length and breadth,is not conducive to relevant analysis;culling out the special factors easily causes distortion of conclusion.Taking rural areas in Hebei Province as an example,this paper analyzes the limitation of Engel's coefficient in analyzing the gap of rural economy:in terms of region horizontally,Engel's coefficient neglects the difference of consumption structure among regions,and difference of economic stages among regions;in terms of time vertically,Engel's coefficient neglects the periodic change of consumption structure and the ratio change of different families in different periods.According to the reality of China's rural areas,the correction model of Engel's coefficient is established as follows.Firstly,Engel's coefficient=Percentage of expenditure variation(food+ education+ medical service) /Percentage of total expenditure variation;Engel's coefficient=Percentage of expenditure variation(food+ education+ medical service) /Percentage of income variation.Secondly,Engel's coefficient=Percentage of expenditure variation of food/Percentage of variation of(total expenditure educational expenditure-medical expenditure.Thirdly,Engel's coefficient=Percentage of expenditure variation of food/Percentage of total expenditure variation.

“双碳”背景下陕西省农村居民低碳消费行为影响因素的研究——基于TAM-TPB模型的调查分析

以技术接受模型—计划行为理论(TAM-TPB)框架为基础,构建了低碳消费行为影响因素的理论模型,通过对陕西省农村居民家庭进行问卷调查,利用结构方程模型对所做假设进行了检验。研究表明:行为态度、知觉行为控制、主观规范对低碳消费行为意愿会产生直接正向影响,其中低碳消费行为态度的直接影响最大;感知有用性在对低碳消费行为产生直接正向影响的同时,以行为态度和知觉行为控制为中介产生了间接正向影响;感知易用性以感知有用性、行为态度、知觉行为控制为中介对低碳消费行为产生了间接正向影响。鉴于此,提出了以居民为主体,提升低碳消费行为认知水平;以社区为基点,增强低碳消费行为的外在动力;以政府为主导,唤醒低碳消费行为的内在动力等政策建议,以期实现“双碳”目标,推进生态文明建设。

数字普惠金融对河南省农村居民消费的影响研究

本文研究数字普惠金融对河南省农村居民消费的影响,基于2015—2021年河南省统计年鉴数据和北京大学数字普惠金融指数,建立混合OLS模型进行实证分析。结果显示,数字普惠金融及其子指标覆盖广度、使用深度、数字化程度与河南省农村居民消费支出显著正相关,并显著优化消费结构。同时,本文进行机制分析和异质性分析,揭示数字普惠金融通过产业结构高级化间接推动消费,且对河南省高、中、低不同经济水平地区的影响存在异质性,以期为政府和金融机构继续推广数字普惠金融服务,推动地区经济发展提供理论依据。

河北省城乡居民消费结构变动研究——基于ELES模型的实证分析

基于ELES模型,对2013-2021年河北省城乡居民消费结构变动情况进行了研究.从边际消费倾向可以看出,随着生活水平的提高,河北省城乡居民的消费逐渐从“温饱型”向“小康型”转变.消费结构变动度分析显示,除个别年份外,居民消费结构整体变动不大,相对较稳定.通过分析消费结构熵数发现,河北省城乡居民整体消费质量较高,但是消费结构升级速度相对较慢.根据分析结果,提出了增加居民收入、优化消费环境、拓展新型消费、坚持推进城乡融合发展、提高农村居民的社会保障水平等建议.

数字普惠金融发展对城乡居民消费差异的影响研究——以浙江省为例

近年来,伴随先进科学技术的进步,数字普惠金融的出现进一步助推浙江省经济发展,提升了整体消费水平,但是城乡之间的差距仍然较大。本文利用浙江省2011—2020年11个市的面板数据建立随机效应模型,对数字普惠金融发展和城乡居民消费差距之间的关系进行分析。结果表明,数字普惠金融的发展有利于缩小城乡居民之间的消费差异,为进一步促进消费、拉动经济增长和缩小城乡居民差异提供参考。

基于ELES模型的陕西省农村居民消费结构分析

探讨了2012—2021年陕西省农村居民八类消费项目的人均消费支出与人均可支配收入之间的关系,并运用扩展线性支出(ELES)模型分析陕西省农村居民的边际消费倾向、需求收入弹性和需求价格弹性。结果表明,八类消费项目支出均与可支配收入之间存在着显著的正向相关关系,这表明陕西省农村消费市场具有巨大的发展潜力,可以为当地经济发展带来更多的可能性。经过多年的发展,农村居民的消费结构已经发生了显著的改变,食品消费和居住消费仍然是农村居民消费重点,但所占比重逐年下降,新兴消费模式正持续推动消费结构不断优化升级。交通通信消费和医疗保健消费在陕西省农村居民中具有巨大的消费潜力,其边际消费倾向和需求收入弹性也明确证实了这两项支出为消费热点。最后从提高农村居民人均可支配收入、强化农村社会保障体系、完善农村基础设施建设等方面提出了优化陕西省农村居民消费结构的相关对策及建议。

基于ELES模型的山东省农村居民消费结构分析

随着我国城镇化的不断深入,农民生活品质得到进一步改善,消费结构也发生了一定的改变。本文以山东省2006—2020年的统计年鉴为基础,运用ELES模型对山东省农村居民消费结构进行研究。研究发现:山东省八大类消费边际消费倾向较低,农村居民消费潜力尚待挖掘,农村居民的可支配收入占主导地位;山东省的生活用品和服务、交通通信和医疗保健的需求自价格弹性绝对值超过1,说明这几类消费品对山东省农村居民来说属于较高层次的消费。从需求价格弹性来看,医疗服务的价格弹性最大,居住、生活用品、交通通信、医疗卫生四个方面的需求收入弹性均超过1,且随可支配收入水平的提升而逐步提高。

基于ELES模型的中部六省城镇居民消费结构分析

中部地区作为连接东西、贯穿南北的交通要道,具有庞大的人口和自然资源,城镇居民消费结构差异较大。本文运用ELES模型分析中部六省城镇居民消费结构特征,结果显示:当收入增加时,中部六省城镇居民消费结构存在明显的升级现象,享受及发展型商品消费支出增长速度较快,交通通信和居住成为城镇居民的消费重点。基于以上结果,本文提出重视城镇居民收入的提高,发挥政府的引导职能,完善社会保障体系,合理优化消费结构等政策建议,以期为中部六省城镇居民消费结构的进一步升级提供发展方向。

2022年陕西省农村居民食物消费与营养健康调查统计数据集

随着社会经济发展和收入水平的提升,中国大部分居民营养健康状况明显改善,但农村地区仍面临营养不足与过剩并存、膳食结构不合理、营养疾病多发等问题。因此,文章以陕西省为例,分析了陕北、关中、陕南农村居民在食物消费与营养健康方面差异,旨在探索三大区域健康膳食模式及有效干预措施,为解决农村居民营养失衡提供重要参考。采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法进行微观调研,共发放问卷540份,有效问卷530份,有效率高达98.14%。本次调查以电子版问卷为主,以纸质版问卷为辅,采取入户一对一现场深度访谈的形式开展。调研问卷主要包括村庄和家庭基本情况、居民年收入及支出、居民食物消费、食物网购、身体健康状况及医疗支出等信息。综上,陕西省农村居民食物消费与营养健康数据集的共享,为改善居民食物消费结构,促进膳食营养提供了数据支持,助推了食物消费升级和营养健康转型。