How to Promote the Rural Area of Shandong Province to Absorb Surplus Labor by Itself?

This paper firstly highlights the importance of solving the problem of rural surplus labor force,and then shows the necessity and significance of the rural areas to absorb rural surplus labor on their own. Meanwhile,the paper introduces the situation of rural surplus labor in Shandong Province. At last,it proposes the solutions to promote the rural area to absorb the surplus labor by itself.

Analysis on Problem of Rural Surplus Labor and Recommendations for Rural Labor Transfer

Based on the historical development of the problem of rural surplus labor in China,this paper explored its development path.It made an in-depth analysis of the obstacles in the process of rural labor transfer and put forward relevant recommendations,including strengthening the cultural knowledge and skills training of the rural surplus labor,improving the relevant systems after migrant workers enter cities,strengthening the protection of the legal rights and interests of migrant workers,and vigorously developing the rural labor transfer market.

Transfer of Rural Surplus Labor and Vocational Education

The paper introduces about the rural surplus labor transfer.According to the paper,the transfer of rural surplus labor in China presents such fundamental characteristics as randomness and non-thoroughness,scope and field constraint,and hysteretic nature of employment and industrial structure conversion.Besides,the causes of the difficulties in the transfer of rural surplus labor lie in the barriers from the system and policy,structural imbalance of industry and low quality of rural labor.The paper studies the correlation between the quality and the transfer of rural surplus labor FORCE in a systematical way from three aspects,which are the correlations between rural labor quality and the transfer difficulty & speed,the transfer scope & field and the employment stability & income after transfer respectively.Moreover,the paper carries out analysis of the special effects of vocational education on the transfer of rural surplus labor in China,which shows that vocational education is a help in the improvement of cultural qualities,labor skills and physical & mental health of rural labor.

Study on the Quantity and Age Structure of Rural Surplus Labor Force in China

Based on the data from the Second National Agriculture Census in 2006, this paper analyzed the absolute quantity and age structure of China rural surplus labor force by the classical approach. It showed that the migration of rural labor force was still far away from ＂Lewis turning point＂, and ＂mingong huang＂ （ shortage of peasant workforce） appearing in coastal areas could be explained with the location separation between the labor-intensive industries and rural labor force. It was a feasible and an effective way to push forward the transfer of labor-intensive industries from the east coast to central and Western China to absorb the abundant supply of rural labor force.

The Impact of Rural Electricity Supplier on Resettlement of Rural Surplus Labor Force and the Route Optimization

Based on the perspective of electricity supplier on the issues of Rural Surplus Labor resettlement, we analyzed China＇s rural electricity supplier development and resettlement of rural surplus labor issues and factors, proposed the impact of sluggish development of rural electricity suppliers on their resettlement of the rural surplus labor force, and made the following suggestions： to develop township enterprises, to strengthen the construction of small towns, to settlement surplus labor force on the post, to transfer the surplus labor, to increase farmers＇ income; to eliminate the urban-rural dual structure, to implement loose household registration management system, to increase education level, to improve the quality of farmers, to provide information and improve guidance to change disorderly transfer to the orderly transfer.

The relationship between rural surplus labor transfer,urbanization and income gap

Based on the time series data of Shandong province from 2001 to 2018,a VAR model consisting of three variables,namely,rural surplus labor transfer,urbanization and urban-rural income gap,was constructed,and the interaction among the three variables and their characteristics were empirically analyzed.The results show that urbanization and rural surplus labor transfer are Granger causation to each other,and there is a positive correlation between urban-rural income gap and rural surplus labor force in long-term equilibrium,while there is a negative correlation between urban-rural income gap and rural surplus labor force transfer.Therefore,it is necessary to fully recognize the relationship between the transfer of rural surplus labor,urbanization and urban-rural income gap,accelerate the urbanization construction,promote the rural surplus labor to gather in cities,and gradually narrow the urban-rural income gap.

Problems in the Transfer of Rural Surplus Labor Force in Chengdu Plain——A Empirical Analysis of Xiyu Village,Gexianshan Town,China

Under the new situation of the coordination of rural and urban development,the employment and transfer of surplus labor force have become the major social problems in China.Based on the field investigation on Xiyu Village of Gexianshan Town in Pengzhou City,the surplus labor force and the absorptive capacity of non-agricultural industries are estimated by using per capita cultivated method and output value absorption method.Based on this,the transfer pattern of surplus labor force is generalized and the corresponding suggestions for transfer are put forward.

From "Migrant Workers Boom" to "Migrant Workers Scarcity"——Analysis of Institutional Bottleneck of Rural Surplus Labors Transfer in China

Through description of three-steps characteristic of dual economic theory and its practical significance to the process of industrialization and urbanization in China,and making comparative analysis between important criterion of "Lewis turning point" and current situation of rural surplus labors market in China,we can find that there exists a great deal of surplus labors in rural areas in our country,improvement of peasant income is the result of external interference of government,and demographic dividend in our country hasn't finished.These phenomena go against the theory of "Lewis turning point".So it can prove that "Lewis turning point" in China hasn't come yet.The paper points out the major factors of coexistence of "migrant workers scarcity" and labors redundancy in our country.The first one is structure contradiction of labors market;the second one is law of supply-demand of labors market;the third one is institutional barrier which hinders labors in free flow of census register and social guarantee.Therefore,if we want to realize successful transfer of rural surplus labors and the goal of industrialization and urbanization,we must promote upgrading of industrial structure,change the style of economic growth and realize harmonious development of regional economy in macrocosmic level;And in microcosmic level,we should eliminate institutional barrier which hinders transfer of rural surplus labors.

How Large Is China's Rural Surplus Labor Force?

The existence of surplus labor in the countryside and transfer of agricultural labor to non-agricultural sectors is a common phenomenon in economic development.Supply of rural surplus labor will change with the transfer of labor.By calculating the di erence between the agricultural labor force and current demand of laborin agriculture,this paper seeks to estimate the total amount of China's rural surplus labor as identified by age,gender and education.Results indicate that there areroughly 110 million rural surplus laborers,of which 50%are aged above 40 years old,55.37%are women,and 42.96%have received an education below primaryschool.Currently,China’s rural surplus labor supply falls short of non-agricultural industry demand.

Approaches and countermeasures of the transfer of rural surplus labors in China

The transfer of rural surplus labors concerns the development of agriculture and the national economy in China. On the pivotal period of transforming economy and society, whether the transfer can be accomplished successfully will play an important role in the social stabilization and the sustainable development of economy. In this paper, the authors bring out the characteristics and the main impediment of transfer. At the same time, countermeasures which are more effective have been put forward.

Local Transfer of Surplus Labors and Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritages in Fenghuang County of West Hunan Province,China

The significance of local transfer of surplus rural labors in regions of minorities for the protection of intangible cultural heritages was discussed from 3 perspectives:definition of intangible cultural heritages,significance of protecting and inheriting intangible cultural heritages,and the role of local transfer of surplus rural labors in protecting and inheriting intangible cultural heritages.By taking Fenghuang County(Phoenix County)in west Hunan Province for an example,local transfer of surplus rural labor forces was proposed,and it was suggested that such a transfer could be realized from the following aspects:promoting industrialization of agriculture,developing tourism industry in rural regions of minorities,supporting rural labors to start their own business,attracting university graduates to return to their hometowns for founding their own undertakings.Moreover,relevant strategies were elaborated to increase income of rural residents,guarantee the efficient inheritance and protection of intangible cultural heritages in regions of minorities.

Analysis of Influential Factors on Agricultural Surplus Labor Professionalization During China's Economic Downturn

This paper contributed to the pool of studies about agricultural surplus labor in China, also acted as the root to the imminent settlement of the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers. Using data from survey of agricultural surplus labor in 2012, which covered three provinces in northern, midwestem and southern parts of China, this paper analyzed the influential factors on agricultural surplus labor professionalization by adoption of a logistic regression model. It showed that agricultural surplus labor shortage could be explained by low-quality professionalization. It was a feasible and effective way to solve the issue of workforce shortage during economic downturn by improving agricultural surplus labor＇s professionalization.

Demand,Supply and Surplus of Agricultural Labor Force in China

China's economy enjoys the prominent characteristics of a dual structure,with a severe surplus in the agricultural labor force.Scholars in China and overseas have conducted extensive research on the issue of labor surplus and have developed estimates on the size and percentage of surplus labor.The results,however,vary considerably due to the differences in methods and data sources.Based on existing research and using the National Agricultural Costs and Returns Compilation as the data source,this paper proposes that the size of the agricultural surplus labor force is only 8,520,000 persons,accounting for 2.1% of the total rural labor force.

Solution to the Dilemma of the Migrant Labor Shortage and the Rural Labor Surplus in China

Since 2003, China＇s labor market has been facing two coexisting crises： a rural labor surplus and a severe shortage of migrant labor Using data from the 2000 China Health and Nutrition Survey questionnaire, which covers 288 villages in 36 counties, this paper attempts to find a solution to this dilemma. Specifically, a multinomial logit model, a Mincer- type model and a probit model are applied to examine the effect of educational level on the employment choices for rural laborers, and on the wages and the employment status of migrants. Based on the results of our analysis, we propose the implementation of policy aimed at increasing the educational level of rural dwellers, in conjunction with other policies to eliminate all artificial barriers, to facilitate the migration of rural laborers.

山东农村劳动力转移及影响因素分析

利用1978—2021年山东省统计年鉴数据,运用灰色预测模型与主成分分析法对山东省农村劳动力转移潜力进行预测并分析其影响因素。结果表明,山东省农村劳动力转移人数呈逐年下降趋势,预计到2030年农村劳动力将完成转移,但在2030年之前,农村剩余劳动力仍有潜力可挖。因此,需要从提高农村劳动力自身素质、规范劳动力就业市场、发展农业现代化、发挥好政府指导帮扶作用4个方面挖掘农村劳动力转移潜力,实现山东省经济社会高质量发展。

Cultivating New-type Farmers Based on the Theory of Human Resources Development

Under the direction of theory of human resources development,this thesis analyzes the impact of rural human resources development oncultivating new-type farmers.Firstly,it increases the input of rural basic education;secondly,it reinforces the vocational education and technologytraining;thirdly,it promotes the rural medical and public health services;fourthly,it quickens the rural labor transfer.The status quo of China's ruralhuman resources has been analyzed as follows:in terms of the quantity of rural human resources,the status quo is large and quick-developed baseof rural human resources,high labor participatory rate,and constitution of low age;in terms of the quality of rural human resources,the status quois the ubiquitous low quality of rural human resources,low technological level of rural human resources,and overall low physical quality of farmers;in terms of the structure of rural human resources,the status quo is the irrational industrial structure distribution and imbalanced regional structuredistribution.The thesis also discusses the edification of theory of human resources development in cultivating new-type farmers.First,in terms ofthe control over quantity of rural human resources,it is to keep the stability of family planning policy,and expedite the transfer of rural surplus la-bor;second,in terms of promoting the quality of rural human resources,it is to bolster the development of reserve rural labor force resources,toconstruct the adult educational training system with Chinese characteristics,and to build rural primary health care system;third,in terms of adjus-ting the structure of rural human resources,it is to perfect rural human resources market,and adjust rural economical structure and talents struc-ture.

劳动力转移与农地流转的关联度:鲁省个案

在分析农村劳动力流动与土地流转关系基础上,通过构建耦合协调度模型,计算出山东省6个市三个区域层次的耦合度和耦合协调度系数。结果显示,山东省6个市的劳动力流动与土地流转耦合关系均处在颉颃时期。劳动力流动与土地流转的耦合关系与经济发展水平和区位均具有密切关系。

山东省农村剩余劳动力转移的问题及对策研究

借鉴前人的研究成果,采用定量的方法对山东省农村剩余劳动力的数量进行了测算。结果发现,山东省的农村剩余劳动力的数量比较庞大,转移也存在一定的困难,最后从5个方面提出加快山东省农村剩余劳动力转移的对策。

农村劳动力职业技能培训现状与对策分析——以山东省为例

在国家全面推进城镇化建设和全面脱贫的大背景下,农村劳动职业技能培训显得空前重要。本文通过分析山东省农村劳动力职业技能培训的现状以及在政府层面、培训机构层面和培训者层面出现的问题,提出了构建动力机制、培训市场准入机制、培训机构评价反馈机制、政策资金长效扶持机制、分类分层培训机制五条意见建议,以促进农村劳动力的技能培训,加快农村劳动力转移,确保全省在2018年前提前完成全面脱贫的总目标。

基于城市视角的山东省农村劳动力转移状况研究

农村剩余劳动力的成功转移是目前山东省乃至全国都面临的一个突出难题．通过运用历史数据分析了山东省农村劳动力转移的状况，并运用推拉理论，以城市为视角，实证分析了城市对农村剩余劳动力的巨大吸引力，同时指出城市在劳动力转移的过程中产生的推力．最后提出促进农村剩余劳动力向城市转移的政策建议．