In order to realize monitoring and early warning and comprehensive management of wheat stripe rust and to reduce its occurrence in Nanchong City, the occurrence and epidemic regularity of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong...In order to realize monitoring and early warning and comprehensive management of wheat stripe rust and to reduce its occurrence in Nanchong City, the occurrence and epidemic regularity of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong was studied by system monitoring and general survey, resistance identification, physiological race monitoring and meteorological data analysis. The initial occurrence location and spreading pathway of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici （Pst） were first verified; there were two infection peaks of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong and one to three epidemic peaks in fields, in which the occurrence area of the first epidemic peak played a pivotal role in disease prevalence in that year; the cumulative occurrence area in late January was positively correlated with annual occurrence area, with the correlation coefficient of 0.769 ; the prediction model for infected field rate, diseased plant rate and annual occurrence area was established. The internal reason for heavy occurrence and prevalence of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong was the decline or loss of wheat resistance against stripe rust, as well as the appearance of physiological races of Pst, which later became dominant races. Large fluctuation of temperature in warm winter and spring and more fog and dew days were external reasons responsible for prevalence of stripe rust. From 2002 to 2014 ,the accuracy rate of short-term prediction of wheat stripe rust reached 100%, while that of me- dium-term and long-term prediction reached over 98% and 95%, respectively, 5% -15% higher than that of the years before 1998.展开更多
利用小麦条锈病品种-小种群体间相互关系模型即大区流行模型,PANCRIN,进行了模拟试验。模拟试验结果导致了如下推测或假想,如;1.陇南半山麦田的自生麦苗在大区流行中作用最大,但大区流行周年循环除冬麦和春麦→自生苗→冬麦这一主要路线...利用小麦条锈病品种-小种群体间相互关系模型即大区流行模型,PANCRIN,进行了模拟试验。模拟试验结果导致了如下推测或假想,如;1.陇南半山麦田的自生麦苗在大区流行中作用最大,但大区流行周年循环除冬麦和春麦→自生苗→冬麦这一主要路线外,可能还有一条冬麦→晚熟春麦→早播冬麦的次要路线。2.陇冬早播冬麦区在大区流行秋季菌源传播中的桥梁作用虽可肯定,但陇南 L2、L3自生苗上的菌源对关中、黄淮、江淮麦区 L7、L8、L9的作用仍然很大。3.消灭自生麦苗,必需把密度消减到历史最大密度的10%才能明显见效。4.不论新小种产生的突变率 MU 大小,全大区范围的品种布局比局布地区的,对延长广大平原麦区的品种抗病性更为有效;等等。这些结果一部分与已有经验或看法基本符合,另一部分则可为未知问题和有争议的问题的研究解决提供参考。展开更多
基金Supported by Comprehensive Prevention and Treatment Monitoring Station of Inoculum Source of Wheat Stripe Rust in Nanchong City(NYBNJH[2003]104)Notice of the Ministry of Agriculture on Identification of the First Batch of National Modern Agricultural Demonstration Zone(NJF[2010]22)+2 种基金Occurrence and Epidemic Regularity of Wheat Stripe Rust and Its Integrated Control Technology in Nanchong City(N1998-ZC018)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XDJK2015C060,SWU114046,2362015xk04)Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas(CSBAA2015009)
文摘In order to realize monitoring and early warning and comprehensive management of wheat stripe rust and to reduce its occurrence in Nanchong City, the occurrence and epidemic regularity of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong was studied by system monitoring and general survey, resistance identification, physiological race monitoring and meteorological data analysis. The initial occurrence location and spreading pathway of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici （Pst） were first verified; there were two infection peaks of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong and one to three epidemic peaks in fields, in which the occurrence area of the first epidemic peak played a pivotal role in disease prevalence in that year; the cumulative occurrence area in late January was positively correlated with annual occurrence area, with the correlation coefficient of 0.769 ; the prediction model for infected field rate, diseased plant rate and annual occurrence area was established. The internal reason for heavy occurrence and prevalence of wheat stripe rust in Nanchong was the decline or loss of wheat resistance against stripe rust, as well as the appearance of physiological races of Pst, which later became dominant races. Large fluctuation of temperature in warm winter and spring and more fog and dew days were external reasons responsible for prevalence of stripe rust. From 2002 to 2014 ,the accuracy rate of short-term prediction of wheat stripe rust reached 100%, while that of me- dium-term and long-term prediction reached over 98% and 95%, respectively, 5% -15% higher than that of the years before 1998.
文摘利用小麦条锈病品种-小种群体间相互关系模型即大区流行模型,PANCRIN,进行了模拟试验。模拟试验结果导致了如下推测或假想,如;1.陇南半山麦田的自生麦苗在大区流行中作用最大,但大区流行周年循环除冬麦和春麦→自生苗→冬麦这一主要路线外,可能还有一条冬麦→晚熟春麦→早播冬麦的次要路线。2.陇冬早播冬麦区在大区流行秋季菌源传播中的桥梁作用虽可肯定,但陇南 L2、L3自生苗上的菌源对关中、黄淮、江淮麦区 L7、L8、L9的作用仍然很大。3.消灭自生麦苗,必需把密度消减到历史最大密度的10%才能明显见效。4.不论新小种产生的突变率 MU 大小,全大区范围的品种布局比局布地区的,对延长广大平原麦区的品种抗病性更为有效;等等。这些结果一部分与已有经验或看法基本符合,另一部分则可为未知问题和有争议的问题的研究解决提供参考。
