From Control to Empowerment:A Paradigm Shift in the Discourse of Educational Supervision

As educational reforms intensify and societal emphasis shifts towards empowerment,the traditional discourse paradigm of management and control in educational supervision faces growing challenges.This paper explores the transformation of this discourse paradigm through the lens of empowerment,analyzing its distinct characteristics,potential pathways,and effective strategies.This paper begins by reviewing the concept of empowerment and examining the current research landscape surrounding the discourse paradigm in educational supervision.Subsequently,we conduct a comparative analysis of the“control”and“empowerment”paradigms,highlighting their essential differences.This analysis illuminates the key characteristics of an empowerment-oriented approach to educational supervision,particularly its emphasis on dialogue,collaboration,participation,and,crucially,empowerment itself.Ultimately,this research advocates for a shift in educational supervision towards an empowerment-oriented discourse system.This entails a multi-pronged approach:transforming ingrained beliefs,embracing renewed pedagogical concepts,fostering methodological innovation,and optimizing existing mechanisms and strategies within educational supervision.These changes are proposed to facilitate the more effective alignment of educational supervision with the pursuit of high-quality education.

Study on Independent Supervision Function of Design Assurance System

The effective operation of a design assurance system cannot be achieved without the effective performance of the independent supervision function.As one of the core functions of the design assurance system,the purpose of the independent supervision function is to ensure that the system operates within the scope of procedures and manuals.At present,the function of independent supervision is a difficult and confusing issue for various original equipment manufacturers as well as suppliers,and there is an urgent requirement to put forward relevant requirements and form relevant methods.Based on the above mentioned objective,the basic requirements of the independent supervision function of design assurance system were studied,the problems and deficiencies in the organization,staffing,and methods existing in the current independent supervision function were analyzed,the improvement suggestions and measures for the performance of the independent supervision function from the aspects of the organization,staffing,procedures,and suppliers were put forward.The present work and conclusions provide guidance and direction for the effective operation of the design assurance system.

医院管理建设中智慧医保的SWOT分析

采用SWOT分析智慧医保在医院建设中的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁,了解智慧医保对于医院医保建设的影响,为医院医保精细化管理和便捷医保服务提供参考。依托信息平台给医院建设智慧医保服务和医保基金监管带来机遇,同时给医院医保“粗放型管理”转换为“精细化管理”带来挑战。医疗机构需牢牢抓住时代趋势,依靠自身优势以及信息技术的加持,不断加强医疗实力同时,注重智慧医保的机遇与威胁。医疗机构在享受智慧医保带来福利的同时,也要通过智慧医保更规范医院医保基金监管,通过优化信息系统让患者在实处体验到智慧医保带来的便民服务。

TS-Aug架构的半监督自训练情感分类算法

网络教学资源的普及使得资源评价的文本数据规模逐步增大.传统的有监督学习文本分类对标注数据的依赖度较高,需要足够的数据量和高质量数据才能得到良好的结果.在网络教学资源的评价文本工作中,由于标注数据难以获取且质量参差不齐,使得这一任务的难度越来越高.针对这一困难,提出一种TS-Aug半监督自训练方案,通过添加无标签数据并进行伪标签训练,能在强力数据增广的作用下大幅扩充样本集,解决数据增广中的过拟合风险.首先利用标注数据和弱增广策略进行初始化监督训练,然后利用无标注数据和强增广策略进行半监督训练,最后使用标注数据进行微调监督训练.在自建的在线课程评论数据中,能将分类F 1-Score从0.88提升至0.95,表明TS-Aug半监督自训练方案在文本分类任务中具有较好的应用前景.

Machine learning applications in stroke medicine:advancements,challenges,and future prospectives

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide,necessitating the development of advanced technologies to improve its diagnosis,treatment,and patient outcomes.In recent years,machine learning techniques have emerged as promising tools in stroke medicine,enabling efficient analysis of large-scale datasets and facilitating personalized and precision medicine approaches.This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of machine learning’s applications,challenges,and future directions in stroke medicine.Recently introduced machine learning algorithms have been extensively employed in all the fields of stroke medicine.Machine learning models have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in imaging analysis,diagnosing stroke subtypes,risk stratifications,guiding medical treatment,and predicting patient prognosis.Despite the tremendous potential of machine learning in stroke medicine,several challenges must be addressed.These include the need for standardized and interoperable data collection,robust model validation and generalization,and the ethical considerations surrounding privacy and bias.In addition,integrating machine learning models into clinical workflows and establishing regulatory frameworks are critical for ensuring their widespread adoption and impact in routine stroke care.Machine learning promises to revolutionize stroke medicine by enabling precise diagnosis,tailored treatment selection,and improved prognostication.Continued research and collaboration among clinicians,researchers,and technologists are essential for overcoming challenges and realizing the full potential of machine learning in stroke care,ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes and quality of life.This review aims to summarize all the current implications of machine learning in stroke diagnosis,treatment,and prognostic evaluation.At the same time,another purpose of this paper is to explore all the future perspectives these techniques can provide in combating this disabling disease.

基于NB-IoT的UPS智能在线监测系统的设计

针对UPS机房在运行过程中无人监守,工作人员无法及时排查故障的问题,设计并实现了一套基于ARM和NB-IoT的UPS智能在线监测系统,由检测终端、云服务器和监管中心组成;检测终端使用各类传感器和检测电路获取多个UPS设备的输入输出电压和电流、负载率、蓄电池电量等数据以及机房温湿度环境参数,通过无线模块发送给云服务器,监管中心从云服务器获取数据,用户可以登录监管中心远程查询UPS的工作数据;经测试,系统能够实现对UPS各项数据的采集和无线传输,可以通过监管中心实时查询UPS工作状态以及下发指令,能达到实时监控的效果;具有数据测量准确,实时性响应良好等特点,减少了管理人员的工作量,提高了UPS的管理效率。

Weakly Supervised Network with Scribble-Supervised and Edge-Mask for Road Extraction from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images

Significant advancements have been achieved in road surface extraction based on high-resolution remote sensingimage processing. Most current methods rely on fully supervised learning, which necessitates enormous humaneffort to label the image. Within this field, other research endeavors utilize weakly supervised methods. Theseapproaches aim to reduce the expenses associated with annotation by leveraging sparsely annotated data, such asscribbles. This paper presents a novel technique called a weakly supervised network using scribble-supervised andedge-mask (WSSE-net). This network is a three-branch network architecture, whereby each branch is equippedwith a distinct decoder module dedicated to road extraction tasks. One of the branches is dedicated to generatingedge masks using edge detection algorithms and optimizing road edge details. The other two branches supervise themodel’s training by employing scribble labels and spreading scribble information throughout the image. To addressthe historical flaw that created pseudo-labels that are not updated with network training, we use mixup to blendprediction results dynamically and continually update new pseudo-labels to steer network training. Our solutiondemonstrates efficient operation by simultaneously considering both edge-mask aid and dynamic pseudo-labelsupport. The studies are conducted on three separate road datasets, which consist primarily of high-resolutionremote-sensing satellite photos and drone images. The experimental findings suggest that our methodologyperforms better than advanced scribble-supervised approaches and specific traditional fully supervised methods.

AMachine Learning Approach to Cyberbullying Detection in Arabic Tweets

With the rapid growth of internet usage,a new situation has been created that enables practicing bullying.Cyberbullying has increased over the past decade,and it has the same adverse effects as face-to-face bullying,like anger,sadness,anxiety,and fear.With the anonymity people get on the internet,they tend to bemore aggressive and express their emotions freely without considering the effects,which can be a reason for the increase in cyberbullying and it is the main motive behind the current study.This study presents a thorough background of cyberbullying and the techniques used to collect,preprocess,and analyze the datasets.Moreover,a comprehensive review of the literature has been conducted to figure out research gaps and effective techniques and practices in cyberbullying detection in various languages,and it was deduced that there is significant room for improvement in the Arabic language.As a result,the current study focuses on the investigation of shortlisted machine learning algorithms in natural language processing(NLP)for the classification of Arabic datasets duly collected from Twitter(also known as X).In this regard,support vector machine(SVM),Naive Bayes(NB),Random Forest(RF),Logistic regression(LR),Bootstrap aggregating(Bagging),Gradient Boosting(GBoost),Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LightGBM),Adaptive Boosting(AdaBoost),and eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)were shortlisted and investigated due to their effectiveness in the similar problems.Finally,the scheme was evaluated by well-known performance measures like accuracy,precision,Recall,and F1-score.Consequently,XGBoost exhibited the best performance with 89.95%accuracy,which is promising compared to the state-of-the-art.

Local saliency consistency-based label inference for weakly supervised salient object detection using scribble annotations

Recently,weak supervision has received growing attention in the field of salient object detection due to the convenience of labelling.However,there is a large performance gap between weakly supervised and fully supervised salient object detectors because the scribble annotation can only provide very limited foreground/background information.Therefore,an intuitive idea is to infer annotations that cover more complete object and background regions for training.To this end,a label inference strategy is proposed based on the assumption that pixels with similar colours and close positions should have consistent labels.Specifically,k-means clustering algorithm was first performed on both colours and coordinates of original annotations,and then assigned the same labels to points having similar colours with colour cluster centres and near coordinate cluster centres.Next,the same annotations for pixels with similar colours within each kernel neighbourhood was set further.Extensive experiments on six benchmarks demonstrate that our method can significantly improve the performance and achieve the state-of-the-art results.

Relational Turkish Text Classification Using Distant Supervised Entities and Relations

Text classification,by automatically categorizing texts,is one of the foundational elements of natural language processing applications.This study investigates how text classification performance can be improved through the integration of entity-relation information obtained from the Wikidata(Wikipedia database)database and BERTbased pre-trained Named Entity Recognition(NER)models.Focusing on a significant challenge in the field of natural language processing(NLP),the research evaluates the potential of using entity and relational information to extract deeper meaning from texts.The adopted methodology encompasses a comprehensive approach that includes text preprocessing,entity detection,and the integration of relational information.Experiments conducted on text datasets in both Turkish and English assess the performance of various classification algorithms,such as Support Vector Machine,Logistic Regression,Deep Neural Network,and Convolutional Neural Network.The results indicate that the integration of entity-relation information can significantly enhance algorithmperformance in text classification tasks and offer new perspectives for information extraction and semantic analysis in NLP applications.Contributions of this work include the utilization of distant supervised entity-relation information in Turkish text classification,the development of a Turkish relational text classification approach,and the creation of a relational database.By demonstrating potential performance improvements through the integration of distant supervised entity-relation information into Turkish text classification,this research aims to support the effectiveness of text-based artificial intelligence(AI)tools.Additionally,it makes significant contributions to the development ofmultilingual text classification systems by adding deeper meaning to text content,thereby providing a valuable addition to current NLP studies and setting an important reference point for future research.

Complementary memtransistors for neuromorphic computing: How, what and why

Memtransistors in which the source-drain channel conductance can be nonvolatilely manipulated through the gate signals have emerged as promising components for implementing neuromorphic computing.On the other side,it is known that the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)field effect transistors have played the fundamental role in the modern integrated circuit technology.Therefore,will complementary memtransistors(CMT)also play such a role in the future neuromorphic circuits and chips?In this review,various types of materials and physical mechanisms for constructing CMT(how)are inspected with their merits and need-to-address challenges discussed.Then the unique properties(what)and poten-tial applications of CMT in different learning algorithms/scenarios of spiking neural networks(why)are reviewed,including super-vised rule,reinforcement one,dynamic vision with in-sensor computing,etc.Through exploiting the complementary structure-related novel functions,significant reduction of hardware consuming,enhancement of energy/efficiency ratio and other advan-tages have been gained,illustrating the alluring prospect of design technology co-optimization(DTCO)of CMT towards neuro-morphic computing.

基于改进STANet的遥感图像变化检测算法

遥感图像变化检测是为了识别出双时相图像之间的显著变化。给定2个在不同时间拍摄的配准图像,光照变化和错配误差会掩盖真实物体的变化,探索不同时空像素之间的关系可以提高遥感图像变化检测方法的性能。在Spatial Temporal Attention Neural Network(STANet)中,提出了一种基于孪生的时空注意力神经网络。在其基础上进行改进:①对距离度量模块由于线性插值导致的变化特征间隙模糊问题,设计了对距离特征的上采样模块,使得变化区域间隙更加明显,虚警率更低;②针对STANet的Pyramid Spatial Temporal Attention Module(PAM)模块计算开销大的问题,引用了新的Coordinate Attention(CA)模块,在降低运算开销的基础上,更好地识别了不同空间、通道的特征;③针对STANet对Residual Network(ResNet)提取出的特征图利用不充分的问题,加入了深监督模块,利用中间层的特征计算一个权重衰减的loss,起到正则化的作用。实验表明,改进之后的网络将基线模型的F1得分从81.6提高到86.1。在公共遥感图像数据集上的实验结果表明,改进的方法优于其他几种先进的方法。

我国医保基金智能监管体系建设的SWOT分析与政策建议

随着医疗体制改革的稳步推进和“十四五”全民医疗保障规划的实施,医保覆盖人数和医保数据信息大幅增加,传统的人工监管手段已不能满足新形势下的要求,我国医保基金亟需建立规范化、科学化、常态化的监管体系。文章采用SWOT分析法,阐述了我国医保基金智能监管的基本格局以及实践经验,面对医保基金监管中跨部门协同不充分、区域发展不平衡、数据共享不畅等问题,从工作制度建设、新技术手段应用、专业化人才培养等角度提出相应的建议。

基于TabNet-LSTNet的多特征短期负荷预测

为了挖掘负荷预测中不同输入特征的重要性,有效处理负荷数据中的线性成分和非线性成分,提高负荷预测的精度,提出一种基于TabNet和长期和短期时间序列网络(long and short-term temporal networks,LSTNet)的组合负荷预测模型。通过引入自监督预训练来提高TabNet的预测精度,通过训练得到输入特征的全局重要性和预测结果,然后把重要性高的特征输入到LSTNet训练得出预测结果,最后通过方差-协方差组合方法得出TabNet-LSTNet模型的预测结果。通过仿真分析,与传统的长短期记忆网络(long short-term memory,LSTM)、极端梯度提升机(extreme gradient boost,Xgboost)、轻量级梯度提升机(lignt gradient boosting machine,Lightgbm)和其他组合模型相比较,TabNet-LSTNet模型具有更高的精度。

基于ISM-DEMATEL的危化品安全监管K指标提取与应用

建立科学合理的指标体系是有效管控危险化学品企业安全风险的技术基础,着眼于动态关键指标有利于区分指标要素的轻重缓急,让风险管控事半功倍。基于危险化学品企业风险特征,从人员、设备、技术、环境及管理5个方面提取出45个指标要素,利用ISM-DEMATEL方法建立指标要素的层次结构模型并计算指标要素的影响度,从而确定影响危险化学品企业生产安全的固有关键指标和动态关键指标(统称为K指标)。利用信息化手段将K指标数据接入监管平台,实现固有关键指标的日常监管与动态关键指标的实时监控,有效提升政府部门安全监管效能。

Meibomian glands segmentation in infrared images with limited annotation

●AIM:To investigate a pioneering framework for the segmentation of meibomian glands(MGs),using limited annotations to reduce the workload on ophthalmologists and enhance the efficiency of clinical diagnosis.●METHODS:Totally 203 infrared meibomian images from 138 patients with dry eye disease,accompanied by corresponding annotations,were gathered for the study.A rectified scribble-supervised gland segmentation(RSSGS)model,incorporating temporal ensemble prediction,uncertainty estimation,and a transformation equivariance constraint,was introduced to address constraints imposed by limited supervision information inherent in scribble annotations.The viability and efficacy of the proposed model were assessed based on accuracy,intersection over union(IoU),and dice coefficient.●RESULTS:Using manual labels as the gold standard,RSSGS demonstrated outcomes with an accuracy of 93.54%,a dice coefficient of 78.02%,and an IoU of 64.18%.Notably,these performance metrics exceed the current weakly supervised state-of-the-art methods by 0.76%,2.06%,and 2.69%,respectively.Furthermore,despite achieving a substantial 80%reduction in annotation costs,it only lags behind fully annotated methods by 0.72%,1.51%,and 2.04%.●CONCLUSION:An innovative automatic segmentation model is developed for MGs in infrared eyelid images,using scribble annotation for training.This model maintains an exceptionally high level of segmentation accuracy while substantially reducing training costs.It holds substantial utility for calculating clinical parameters,thereby greatly enhancing the diagnostic efficiency of ophthalmologists in evaluating meibomian gland dysfunction.

Land Use Land Cover Analysis for Godavari Basin in Maharashtra Using Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing

The dynamic transformation of land use and land cover has emerged as a crucial aspect in the effective management of natural resources and the continual monitoring of environmental shifts. This study focused on the land use and land cover (LULC) changes within the catchment area of the Godavari River, assessing the repercussions of land and water resource exploitation. Utilizing LANDSAT satellite images from 2009, 2014, and 2019, this research employed supervised classification through the Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) software’s SCP plugin. Maximum likelihood classification algorithm was used for the assessment of supervised land use classification. Seven distinct LULC classes—forest, irrigated cropland, agricultural land (fallow), barren land, shrub land, water, and urban land—are delineated for classification purposes. The study revealed substantial changes in the Godavari basin’s land use patterns over the ten-year period from 2009 to 2019. Spatial and temporal dynamics of land use/cover changes (2009-2019) were quantified using three Satellite/Landsat images, a supervised classification algorithm and the post classification change detection technique in GIS. The total study area of the Godavari basin in Maharashtra encompasses 5138175.48 hectares. Notably, the built-up area increased from 0.14% in 2009 to 1.94% in 2019. The proportion of irrigated cropland, which was 62.32% in 2009, declined to 41.52% in 2019. Shrub land witnessed a noteworthy increase from 0.05% to 2.05% over the last decade. The key findings underscored significant declines in barren land, agricultural land, and irrigated cropland, juxtaposed with an expansion in forest land, shrub land, and urban land. The classification methodology achieved an overall accuracy of 80%, with a Kappa Statistic of 71.9% for the satellite images. The overall classification accuracy along with the Kappa value for 2009, 2014 and 2019 supervised land use land cover classification was good enough to detect the changing scenarios of Godavari River basin under study. These findings provide valuable insights for discerning land utilization across various categories, facilitating the adoption of appropriate strategies for sustainable land use in the region.

An Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Changes, and Implications for Conservation in Mukumbura (Ward 2), Mt Darwin, Zimbabwe, 2002-2022

Understanding trends of land use land cover (LULC) changes is important for biodiversity monitoring and conservation planning, and identifying the areas affected by change and designing sustainable solutions to reduce the changes. The study aims to evaluate and quantify the historical changes in land use and land cover in Mukumbura (Ward 2), Mt Darwin, Zimbabwe, from 2002 to 2022. The objective of the study was to analyse the LULC changes in Ward 2 (Mukumbura), Mt Darwin, Northern Zimbabwe, for a period of 20 years using geospatial techniques. Landsat satellite images were processed using Google Earth Engine (GEE) and the supervised classification with maximum likelihood algorithm was employed to generate LULC maps between 2002 and 2022 with a five (5) year interval, investigating the following variables, forest cover, barren land, water cover and the fields. Findings revealed a substantial reduction in forest cover by 38.8%, water bodies (wetlands, ponds, and rivers) declined by 55.6%, whilst fields (crop/agricultural fields) increased by 93.3% and the barren land cover increased by 26.3% from 2002 to 2022. These findings point to substantial changes in LULC over the observed years. LULC changes have resulted in habitat fragmentation, reduced biodiversity, and the disruption of ecosystem functions. The study concludes that if these deforestation trends, cultivation, and settlement land expansion continue, the ward will have limited indigenous fruit trees. Therefore, the causes for LULC changes must be controlled, sustainable forest resources use practiced, hence the need to domesticate the indigenous fruit trees in arborloo toilets.

面向真实战场环境的Transformer-CNN多特征聚合图像去雾算法

军事智能系统的发展对现代战争的作战方式和制胜机理产生重大影响,然而这些系统容易受到雾霾等天气的影响导致获取的图像出现模糊、退化等问题,给后续识别、追踪等作战任务带来挑战,因此对战场含雾图像进行复原非常重要。鉴于获取同一场景下的含雾、清晰图像对难度极大,现有网络大都采用合成数据进行训练;但真实雾图和合成雾图之间的间隙,会导致在合成数据下训练的模型在真实场景中泛化性差。为此,提出一种面向真实战场环境的自注意力模型-卷积神经网络(Transformer-Convolutional Neural Network,Transformer-CNN)多特征聚合图像去雾算法。采用半监督框架,利用合成和真实战场含雾图像训练网络,使模型能够更好地应对真实含雾场景。采用双分支特征聚合架构,将CNN分支提取的局部特征和Transformer分支学习的全局特征进行聚合,以进一步提高模型去雾能力。为模拟真实战场含雾场景,构建了一套含雾战场图像数据集。实验结果表明,与8种最先进的图像去雾算法相比,所提算法在合成数据和真实图像上均表现良好。

Foodborne doping and supervision in sports

Cases of foodborne doping are frequently reported in sports events and can cause severe consequences for athletes.The foodborne doping can be divided into natural endogenous and artifi cially added foods according to the sources,including anabolic agents,stimulants,diuretics,β-blockers,β2 agonists and others.In order to control foodborne doping,chromatographic technique,immunoassay,nuclear magnetic resonance,biosensor technology,pyrolytic spectroscopy,comprehensive analysis and electrochemical analysis have usually used as analytical and inspection strategies.Meanwhile,the legislation of anti-doping,the improvement of testing standard and technology,and the prevention and control of food safety,as well as the improvement of risk perception of athletes are highly necessary for achieving the effective risk control and supervision of foodborne doping,which will be benefi cial for athletes,doctors and administrators to avoid the risks of foodborne doping test and reduce foodborne doping risks for the health of athletes.