AR、SKP2、SOX10、PD-L1及TIL表达在三阴性乳腺癌中的意义

目的:探索雄激素受体(androgen receptor,AR)、S期激酶相关蛋白2(S-phase kinase-associated protein 2,SKP2)、性别决定区Y相关的HMG盒含因子10(sry-related HMG box-containing factor 10,SOX10)、程序性死亡配体1(programmed death-ligand 1,PD-L1)及肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞(tumor infiltrating lymphocyte,TIL)在三阴性乳腺癌(triple negative breast cancer,TNBC)表达与临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法:根据苏木精-伊红染色(hematoxylineosin, HE)染色切片评判109例TNBC瘤巢内TIL的比例,采用Leica Bond-Max全自动免疫组化仪检测TNBC组织中AR、SKP2、SOX10、PD-L1的表达。分析以上各生物指标与临床病理特征间的关系,并采用kaplan-Meier、Log-rank进行生存分析。结果:95例患者获得随访,中位随访时间为48个月,中位无病生存时间(disease-free survival, DFS)为42个月,中位总生存时间(overall survival, OS)48个月。在TNBC中,AR阳性表达与淋巴结转移阴性(P=0.009)、肿瘤最大径<2 cm(P=0.008)相关,TIL高表达与低级别TNBC相关(P=0.007),SKP2阳性表达与神经/脉管侵犯阳性(P=0.011)、高级别TNBC相关(P=0.002),SOX10阳性表达与淋巴结转移阳性(P=0.022)、高级别TNBC(P=0.005)相关,PD-L1阳性表达与淋巴结转移阳性(P=0.020)、神经/脉管侵犯阳性(P=0.006)、高级别TNBC(P=0.042)相关。生存分析显示,SKP2、SOX10阳性表达与更差的DFS(P=0.007、P<0.001)和OS(P=0.013、P<0.001)相关,TIL高表达与更好的DFS(P=0.016)及OS(P=0.004)相关。在生物表志物的联合表达中,AR+/SKP2-、AR+/SOX10-与更好的DFS(P=0.004、P<0.001)及OS(P=0.007、P=0.001)相关,SOX10+/低TIL、PD-L1+/低TIL与更差的DFS(P<0.001、P=0.008)及OS(P=0.001、P=0.002)相关,AR-/低TIL者具有更差的OS(P=0.014)。SKP2(HR=4.143,95%CI为1.578~10.875)、SOX10(HR=7.578,95%CI为2.067~27.782)的阳性表达是影响TNBC患者DFS的独立预后因子,SKP2(HR=3.758,95%CI为1.400~10.084)、SOX10(HR=5.131,95%CI为1.316~20.000)及TIL(HR=0.375,95%CI为0.154~0.917)的阳性表达是TNBC患者OS的独立预后因子(P均<0.05)。结论:在TNBC中,AR阳性、TIL高表达与具有更好预后的临床病理特征相关,SKP2、SOX10和PD-L1与具侵袭性的临床病理特征相关。SKP2、SOX10及TIL表达与TNBC预后相关,提示这些生物指标可能成为TNBC新的预后因子,同时它们也有可能成为潜在的治疗靶点。

高效液相色谱法测定纺织品中四溴双酚S

建立了一种以磁固相萃取纺织品中四溴双酚S,再利用高效液相色谱分析的方法。试验以Fe_(3)O_(4)-GO磁性材料为磁性固相吸附剂,并采用正交试验对萃取过程中的萃取剂用量、温度和时间等因素进行优化,再以0.1 mmol甲酸-乙腈(V∶V=30∶70)为流动相,采用Athena C18-WP柱(2.1 mm×100.0 mm,5.00μm)分离,检测波长214 nm,外标法定量。结果表明,在0.01~50.00 mg/L范围内四溴双酚S线性良好,相关系数R^(2)>0.999,加标回收率达到98.6%~101.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5.0%(n=6)。该方法高效、简单、灵敏,能够满足纺织品中四溴双酚S的检测。

基于S变换模能量分析的直流电缆故障测距

针对现有高压直流电缆故障定位方法故障定位精度低、定位模型泛化能力差等问题,文中在考虑电缆故障后故障点产生的暂态信号中含有丰富的故障信息的特征,提出一种时频域能量分析的故障测距方法。该方法利用多分类支持向量机(SVM)的特性构建直流电缆故障定位模型,利用直流电缆相模解耦矩阵对电缆电气量解耦,并采用S变换进行时频域变换,将得到的模量构造模能量,将其作为样本对SVM模型训练。实验结果表明,所提方法对于不同故障类型在不同过渡电阻及不同位置故障下均可进行准确测距。

The Phenomenon of High Hardness Values on the S-Phase Layer of Austenitic Stainless Steel via Screen Plasma Nitriding Process

The purpose of this study is to improve the surface properties of austenitic stainless steel using the double-folded electrode screen plasma nitriding (SPN) process. In general, the S-phase is well-known for its excellent properties such as improved hardness and wear resistance along with sustained corrosion resistance. The concentrated nitrogen via SPN process was injected to form S-phase with time at 713 K. This study was carried out under the conditions of 44 at% of nitrogen injection, which was higher than 25 at% known as the condition of no precipitation of S-phase formed by the SPN process, and 20 K higher than the maximum temperature without precipitation phase. The hardness analysis of stainless steel sample treated by the SPN process at 713 K showed a much higher value than the typical nitriding hardness at a depth of lower nitrogen than the maximum nitrogen concentration. The SPN 20 hr treated specimen showed the average value of 2339 HV while 40 hr showed the average value of 2215 HV. The result is attributed to the concentrated nitrogen formed in the SPN process reacting with the alloying elements contained in the base material to form fine precipitates, thus producing a synergy effect of the extreme hardening effect;that is, the movement of precipitates and dislocations due to the GP-zone (Guinier-Preston zone).

CO_(2)地质封存与利用环境下水泥单矿C_(2)S的腐蚀速率

在CO_(2)地质封存和利用过程中,固井水泥容易与井下的酸性介质CO_(2)发生碳酸化反应,腐蚀固井水泥石造成水泥石力学性能大幅度衰退。针对水泥石单矿C_(2)S在CO_(2)地质封存和利用环境中腐蚀反应速率不清晰的问题,通过SEM、XRD以及TG的测试方法,定量分析C_(2)S腐蚀产物的变化规律。根据腐蚀产物CaCO_(3)的摩尔生成率和非稳态扩散渗透模型拟合得到腐蚀反应产物CaCO_(3)的生成系数α。SEM实验结果表明,腐蚀反应后C_(2)S水泥单矿颗粒的表面均有较大改变,生成了部分腐蚀产物CaCO_(3);XRD结果表明,单矿C_(2)S腐蚀产物CaCO_(3)的晶型主要有方解石和文石;TG测试结果表明,C_(2)S水泥单矿随着腐蚀龄期的增加,腐蚀产物的量均明显增加。拟合结果表明,C_(2)S腐蚀产物生成速率随着温度的升高而增大,90℃下CaCO_(3)腐蚀产物的生成速率系数α最大为54.90。

Reversed-phase fused-core HPLC modeling of peptides

Different fused-core stationary phase chemistries（C18,Amide,Phenyl-hexyl and Peptide ES-C18） were used for the analysis of 21 structurally representative model peptides.In addition,the effects of the mobile phase composition（ACN or MeOH as organic modifier;formic acid or acetic acid,as acidifying component） on the column selectivity,peak shape and overall chromatographic performance were evaluated.The RP-amide column,combined with a formic acid-acetonitrile based gradient system,performed as best.A peptide reversed-phase retention model is proposed,consisting of 5 variables：log SumAA,log Sv,clog P,log nHDon and log nHAcc.Quantitative structure-retention relationship（QSRR） models were constructed for 16 different chromatographic systems.The accuracy of this peptide retention model was demonstrated by the comparison between predicted and experimentally obtained retention times,explaining on average 86% of the variability.Moreover,using an external set of 5 validation peptides,the predictive power of the model was also demonstrated.This peptide retention model includes the novel in-silico calculated amino acid descriptor,AA,which was calculated from log P,3D-MoRSE,RDF and WHIM descriptors.

Effect of Magnesium on the C-S-H Nanostructure Evolution and Aluminate Phases Transition in Cement-Slag Blend

The microstructural study was conducted on cement and cement-slag pastes immersed in different concentrations of Mg（NO3）2 solutions utilizing ^29Si, ^27Al NMR spectroscopy and XRD techniques. The results show that the hydration of both the cement and cement-slag pastes is delayed when the pastes are cured in Mg（NO3）2 solutions as compared to the pastes cured in water. Moreover, Mg^2＋ ions also exhibit an decalcifying and dealuminizing effect on the C-A-S-H in cement and cement-slag pastes, and thereby decrease Ca/Si and Al[4]/Si ratios of the C-A-S-H. The dealuminization of C-A-S-H is mitigated for cement-slag paste as compared to pure cement paste. The depolymerized calcium and aluminum ions from C-A-S-H gel mainly enter the pore solution to maintain the pH value and form Al^[6] in TAH, respectively. On the other hand, Mg^2＋ ions exert an impact on the intra-transition between Al^[6] species, from AFm and hydrogarnet to hydrotalcite-like phase. NO3^-ions are interstratified in the layered Mg-Al structure and formed nitrated hydrotalcite-like phase（Mg1-xAlx（OH）2（NO3）x·nH2O）. Results from both ^27Al NMR and XRD data show that ettringite seems not to react with Mg^2＋ ions.

Effects of rotation and gravity on an electro-magneto-thermoelastic medium with diffusion and voids by using the Lord-Shulman and dual-phase-lag models

The effects of rotation and gravity on an electro-magneto-thermoelastic medium with diffusion and voids in a generalized thermoplastic half-space are studied by using the Lord-Shulman (L-S) model and the dual-phase-lag (DPL) model. The analytical solutions for the displacements, stresses, temperature, diffusion concentration, and volume fraction field with different values of the magnetic field, the rotation, the gravity, and the initial stress are obtained and portrayed graphically. The results indicate that the effects of gravity, rotation, voids, diffusion, initial stress, and electromagnetic field are very pronounced on the physical properties of the material.

Postoperative chemotherapy with S-1 plus oxaliplatin versus S-1alone in locally advanced gastric cancer(RESCUE-GC study): a protocol for a phase Ⅲ randomized controlled trial

Background： The ACTS-GC study had shown postoperative adiuvant therapy with S-1 improved survival of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. Addition of oxaliplatin to S-1 is considered to be acceptable as one of the treatment options for gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy with D2 lymph node excision. Methods： We have commenced a randomized phase III trial in December 2016 to evaluate S-I plus oxaliplatin compared with S-1 alone in the adjuvant setting for locally advanced gastric cancer. A total of 564 patients will be accrued from 13 Chinese institutions in two years. The primary endpoint is 3-year relapse-free survival. The secondary endpoints are 5-year overall survival, proportion of patients who complete the postoperative chemotherapy and incidence of adverse events. Ethic and dissemination： The trial has been approved by the institutional review board of each participating institution and it was activated on December, 2016. The enrollment will be finished in December, 2018. Patient＇s follow-up will be ended until December, 2023. Trial registration： ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier： NCT02867839. Registered on August 4, 2016.

GTSE1在肝癌中的表达及其对预后和免疫浸润的影响

目的研究G_(2)/S期应答相关蛋白1(G_(2) and S phase-expressed protein 1,GTSE1)在肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)中的表达、免疫学作用和预后分析,及其潜在作用机制。方法使用公共数据库癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)提供的数据,用Kaplan-Meier、肿瘤免疫评估资源(Tumor Immune Estimation Resource,TIMER)数据库和基因表达谱交互分析(Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis,GEPIA)数据库进行GTSE1基因表达、免疫学作用及预后分析,通过免疫组化实验验证GTSE1在临床样本中的表达,应用R软件对GTSE1相关差异基因进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析。结果GTSE1在人类癌组织中显著高表达,且与肝细胞癌预后不良显著相关(P<0.05);GTSE1基因表达与HCC中浸润性免疫细胞的丰度显著相关(P<0.001)。GTSE1相关的差异表达基因主要富集于核分裂、细胞器裂变、离子通道活性等基因模块;其参与的信号通路主要包括神经活性配体-受体的相互作用、细胞周期等。结论GTSE1在HCC中的表达显著上调并与患者预后不良显著相关,且在免疫细胞浸润中发挥重要作用,可作为HCC的预后标志物和免疫治疗靶点。

A Wavelet Transform Method to Detect P and S-Phases in Three Component Seismic Data

The discrete time wavelet transform has been used to develop software that detects seismic P and S-phases. The detection algorithm is based on the enhanced amplitude and polarization information provided by the wavelet transform coefficients of the raw seismic data. The algorithm detects phases, determines arrival times and indicates the seismic event direction from three component seismic data that represents the ground displacement in three orthogonal directions. The essential concept is that strong features of the seismic signal are present in the wavelet coefficients across several scales of time and direction. The P-phase is detected by generating a function using polarization information while S-phase is detected by generating a function based on the transverse to radial amplitude ratio. These functions are shown to be very effective metrics in detecting P and S-phases and for determining their arrival times for low signal-to-noise arrivals. Results are compared with arrival times obtained by a human analyst as well as with a standard STA/LTA algorithm from local and regional earthquakes and found to be consistent.

PWM、S-PAM及PHASE电压联动控制技术在变频空调上的应用

目前,变频空调采用高效永磁同步(大发电常数Ke)压缩机已成趋势,且用于农村的低压地区。根据PWM、S-PAM以及PHASE电压联动控制技术,可使高效永磁同步(Ke值大)压缩机运行到更高的频率且损耗降低;在低压地区,使空调正常运行并保证输出足够的制冷制热能力;在同频率下,比以往的变频压缩机的电流更低,功耗小,更节能。此技术大幅的提高了变频机的运行效率以及降低了压缩机的功率,实现了高效节能的效果,是变频控制技术的节能效果又一次提升,是一种最合适的直流变频压缩机控制技术。

H_(2)S/CO_(2)共存体系气液相中P110钢的腐蚀行为

为了研究油套管在H_(2)S/CO_(2)共存体系高温高压环境气液相中的腐蚀行为及腐蚀机理,利用高温高压反应釜展开了油套管P110钢在CO_(2)/H_(2)S共存体系中的动态腐蚀模拟试验。采用失重法计算了试样的均匀腐蚀速率和点腐蚀速率,采用XRD、SEM/EDS、三维光学轮廓显微镜等手段研究了CO_(2)/H_(2)S共存体系中P110钢处于液相和气相中的腐蚀行为特征。结果表明:液相中P110钢的均匀腐蚀速率和点腐蚀速率分别为0.0263 mm/a和0.2081 mm/a,均大于在气相环境中P110钢的均匀腐蚀速率(0.0148 mm/a)和点蚀速率(0.1569 mm/a)。液相中P110钢表面生成的腐蚀产物主要为红褐色粉状疏松的FeCO_(3),气相中P110钢表面所形成的腐蚀产物主要为FeCO_(3)和黑褐色致密均匀的FeS,FeS能抑制环境介质中CO_(2)、H_(2)S及Cl-对基体材料的进一步腐蚀。P110钢在液相和气相中发生的腐蚀主要为均匀腐蚀,局部区域有点蚀,存在局部腐蚀倾向。

双酚S型杂萘联苯共聚醚砜中空纤维膜结构和性能

以双酚S型杂萘联苯共聚醚砜(PPESS)为膜材料,聚乙二醇(PEG2000)为添加剂,采用干湿相转化法制备中空纤维膜,考察聚合物浓度、添加剂含量、牵伸速率、空气浴距离及芯液组成与膜结构和性能的关系.采用扫描电子显微镜观察中空纤维膜微观形貌,并对其性能进行研究.结果表明,聚合物浓度及添加剂含量的增加均会使铸膜液表观黏度呈上升趋势,中空纤维膜中海绵孔结构比例逐渐上升,水通量下降.牵伸速率及空气浴距离的增加使膜的水通量呈下降趋势,当牵伸速率为9 m/min,空气浴距离为10 cm时,膜具有较好的分离性能,水通量为106 L/(m^(2)·h),牛血清蛋白(BSA)截留率为99.8%,对尿素的清除率为52.4%.

Facile and Rapid Solid Phase Synthesis of Monodisperse Oligo(1,4-phenyleneethynylene)s

An extremely facile and rapid solid phase route free of column chromatographic purification for the synthesis of the soluble monodisperse oligo(1, 4-phenyleneethynylene)s up to～60 was presented.

THERMODYNAMICS AND PHASE EQUILIBRIUM OF Cu－Y－O，Cu－Y－S，Cu－Y－O－S LIQUID SOLUTIONS

ＴＨＥＲＭＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＳＡＮＤＰＨＡＳＥＥＱＵＩＬＩＢＲＩＵＭＯＦＣｕ－Ｙ－Ｏ，Ｃｕ－Ｙ－Ｓ，Ｃｕ－Ｙ－Ｏ－ＳＬＩＱＵＩＤＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＳ￥Ｄｕ，Ｔｉｎｇ；Ｌｉ，Ｇｕｏｄｏｎｇ（ＣｅｎｔｒａｌＩｒｏｎａｎｄＳｔｅｅｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｉｎｓｔｉｔ...

S对铸造高温合金K417G凝固行为的影响

在1340~1230℃采用等温凝固实验,研究了w[S]分别为0.0001%、0.0018%和0.0037%对K417G合金凝固特性的影响。结果表明,S降低合金的固相线温度,扩大固液两相区,当w[S]从0.0001%增加到0.0037%时,合金的固相线温度由1255℃降低至1245℃。在凝固过程中S元素偏析于液相,并在终凝区析出Y相,且S促进Al、Cr元素在固液界面处的富集。在相同等温温度下,S元素对MC碳化物和γ+γ’共晶的析出温度与形貌无明显影响,但S含量的增加促使MC碳化物、γ+γ’共晶和Y相数量的增加,且Y相的析出温度从1230℃提升至1240℃。

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of CSH-Phases in the Range of C/S = 0.41 - 1.66 at Temperatures of the Tobermorite Xonotlite Crossover

Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate-phases (CSH-phases) are important binding agents of building materials. The synthesis of CSH phases and their structural characterization was done to investigate the crystallization in dependence of an increasing CaO/SiO2 ratio (C/S ratios) from 0.41 up to 1.66 at temperatures in the crossover region of tobermorite to xonotlite (180℃ and 230℃). Parallel runs with the same C/S ratio but on the one hand with constant mass of quartz and variation of lime and on the other hand under reverse conditions (constant mass of lime but variable amounts of quartz) were performed at both temperatures. The aim was to clarify the connections of crystallization mechanism and kinetics of phase formation with structure, crystallinity and morphology of the CSH’s in the mentioned C/S ratio for both temperatures in the tobermorite-xonotlite crossover region. The parallel experiments with different mass ratios of the educts are important to study the influence of time evaluation of supersaturation within the solution under the peculiarities of the retrograde solubility of lime but accelerated solubility of quartz. The products were characterized by XRD, SEM/EDX, FTIR and 29Si MAS NMR spectroscopy (using the Q-site nomenclature [1]). The experiments could clarify some important connections of crystallization process and the reaction pathway.

Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibrium of Cu－Ce－O，Cu－Ce－S，Cu－Ce－O－S Liquid Solutions

Thermodynamics of Cu-Ce-O,Cu-Ce-S and Cu-Ce-0-S solutions at 1200℃ were studied by using solid electrolyte cell and chemical equilibrium method.The equilibrium constant of deoxidation,desulfurization and deoxysulfurization by Ce,the Gibbs standard reaction free energies of the formation of Ce_2O_3,CeS and Ce_2O_2S in Cu-base solution,activity interaction coefficients of S and Ce,temperature dependence of standard reaction free energy of solution of Ce in Cu,self-interaction coefficients of Ce in liquid Cu have been obtained.The phase precipitation diagram for Cu-CeS-O system has been plotted.The thermodynamic condition of the existence of Ce_2O_3,CeS and Ce_2O_2S in liquid Cu has been determined.It provides the basis for predicting the sequence and the type of equilibrium inclusions of Ce formed in Cu-base solution.

基于S变换相关度的配电网单相接地自适应有源消弧法

提出了基于S变换相关度的配电网单向接地自适应有源消弧法,有效消除了配电网单相接地故障电弧,提升了电力系统稳定性。采集配电网线路零序电流时序数据,经S变换获取零序电流时频信息矩阵后,计算并获取各线路间时频信息矩阵相关度矩阵,输入卷积神经网络模型,输出单相接地故障选线结果;在故障线路采用基于模糊准PR与PI控制的双闭环自适应控制方法,向配电网故障线路中性点注入零序电流,有效控制注入电流相位以及幅值,迫使配电网故障线路所在相的电压值为0,完成自适应有源消弧。实验结果表明:该方法可有效识别配电网单相接地故障线路,实现配电网单相接地自适应有源消弧,且可尽快完成单相接地自适应有源消弧工作,保证配电网安全稳定运行。