Real-time prediction of earthquake potential damage:A case study for the January 8,2022 M_(S) 6.9 Menyuan earthquake in Qinghai,China

It is critical to determine whether a site has potential damage in real-time after an earthquake occurs,which is a challenge in earthquake disaster reduction.Here,we propose a real-time Earthquake Potential Damage predictor(EPDor)based on predicting peak ground velocities(PGVs)of sites.The EPDor is composed of three parts:(1)predicting the magnitude of an earthquake and PGVs of triggered stations based on the machine learning prediction models;(2)predicting the PGVs at distant sites based on the empirical ground motion prediction equation;(3)generating the PGV map through predicting the PGV of each grid point based on an interpolation process of weighted average based on the predicted values in(1)and(2).We apply the EPDor to the 2022 M_(S) 6.9 Menyuan earthquake in Qinghai Province,China to predict its potential damage.Within the initial few seconds after the first station is triggered,the EPDor can determine directly whether there is potential damage for some sites to a certain degree.Hence,we infer that the EPDor has potential application for future earthquakes.Meanwhile,it also has potential in Chinese earthquake early warning system.

China’s Potential Economic Growths during 2015-2025 under Different Scenarios~

China has entered a crucial period of further growth and restructuring that will last until 2025. Based on a review of the major factors affecting China＇s potential economic growth, this paper has created an integrated economic system model consisting of system dynamics, econometrics, and input-output for the forecast of China＇s economic size and structure by 2025. Analysis shows that prior to 2025, China will be able to maintain a potential annual economic growth rate of 5.7%-7.2%. Faced with an international environment of a possible slowdown of advanced economies and diminishing demographic dividends, China needs to further expedite its urbanization process, enhance R＆D and education spending, increase total factor productivity （TFP）, vigorously develop the tertiary sector, and expand consumption in order to achieve the optimistically estimated growth of 6.6%-7.4% during the period of 2015-2025. Economic growth should be accompanied by the upgrade of industry structure and improvement of investment and consumption structures.

Size dependency and potential field influence on deriving mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes using molecular dynamics

A thorough understanding on the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube （CNT） is essential in extending the advanced applications of CNT based systems. However, conducting experiments to estimate mechanical properties at this scale is extremely challenging. Therefore, development of mechanistic models to estimate the mechanical properties of CNTs along with the integration of existing continuum mechanics concepts is critically important. This paper presents a comprehensive molecular dynamics simulation study on the size dependency and potential function influence of mechanical properties of CNT. Commonly used reactive bond order （REBO） and adaptive intermolecular reactive bond order （A1REBO） potential functions were considered in this regard. Young＇s modulus and shear modulus of CNTs are derived by integrating classical continuum mechanics concepts with molecular dynamics simulations. The results indicate that the potential function has a significant influence on the estimated mechanical properties of CNTs, and the influence of potential field is much higher when studying the torsional behaviour of CNTs than the tensile behaviour.

频率矫正广义S变换及在储层含油气性预测中的应用

随着我国油气勘探程度的不断加深,陆相页岩油气等非常规油气逐渐成为我国勘探开发的重点,陆相页岩非均质性强、储层薄且纵横向变化剧烈等典型特征导致含油气性预测精度差,影响后续井位部署和生产等.时频变换方法是储层含油气性预测最有效的工具.为了提高储层含油气性预测的精度,本文提出了一种频率矫正广义S变换(Frequency-Corrected Generalized S-Transform, FCGST),该变换既具有S变换多尺度多分辨率的特性,又可以通过自适应选取窗函数参数以控制窗函数的带宽和主频等,这一特性可以适用于不同工区地震数据的处理与解释.与传统的S变换和广义S变换不同,该变换修正了传统S变换和广义S变换中的尺度因子,改善了S变换和广义S变换等传统方法中时频谱主频向高频方向偏移的问题,有利于精确描述复杂储层含油气性.合成数据算例表明,频率矫正广义S变换提升了地震信号局部时频特征的表征能力;将频率矫正广义S变换应用于鄂尔多斯盆地某工区储层含油气性预测中,实钻结果数据进一步验证了该时频分析方法在储层含油气性解释中的有效性和潜力.

Daikenchuto (Da-Jian-Zhong-Tang) ameliorates intestinal fibrosis by activating myofibroblast transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel

AIM To investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of the traditional oriental herbal medicine Daikenchuto(DKT) associated with transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1) channels in intestinal myofibroblasts. METHODS Inflammatory and fibrotic changes were detected in a2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS) chronic colitis model of wild-type and TRPA1-knockout(TRPA1-KO) mice via pathological staining and immunoblotting analysis.Ca^(2+) imaging experiments examined the effects of DKT and its components/ingredients on intestinal myofibroblast(In Myo Fib) cell TRPA1 channel function.Profibrotic factors and transforming growth factor (TGF) -β1-associated signaling were tested in an In Myo Fib cell line by q PCR and immunoblotting experiments.Samples from non-stenotic and stenotic regions of the intestines of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) were used for pathological analysis. RESULTS Chronic treatment with TNBS caused more severe inflammation and fibrotic changes in TRPA1-KO than in wild-type mice.A one-week enema administration of DKT reduced fibrotic lesions in wild-type but not in TRPA1-KO mice.The active ingredients of DKT,i.e.,hydroxyα-sanshool and 6-shogaol,induced Ca^(2+) influxes in In Myo Fib,and this was antagonized by co-treatment with a selective TRPA1 channel blocker,HC-030031.DKT counteracted TGF-β1-induced expression of TypeⅠcollagen andα-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) ,which were accompanied by a reduction in the phosphorylation of Smad-2 and p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) and the expression of myocardin.Importantly,24-h incubation with a DKT active component Japanese Pepper increased the m RNA and protein expression levels of TRPA1 in In Myo Fibs,which in turn negatively regulated collagen synthesis.In the stenotic regions of the intestines of CD patients,TRPA1 expression was significantly enhanced.CONCLUSION The effects of DKT on the expression and activation of the TRPA1 channel could be advantageous for suppressing intestinal fibrosis,and benefit inflammatory bowel disease treatment.

The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in Alzheimer's disease:converging mechanisms

Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCS） are pluripotent stem cells isolated from various tissues, but mostly from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood. Well known for their mesenchymal lineages differentiation （e.g., bone, cartilage and fat tissues）, it was suggested that MSCs possess plasticity prop- erties enabling them to differentiate into non-mesenchymal lineages. Indeed, several protocols claimed for differentiating MSCs to neurons in vitro, but concern was raised for the ef- fectiveness and in vivo relevance of such differentiation. Thus, though their neurogenic differentiation properties are still in debate, they were nevertheless, suggested as candidates for treat- ing neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson＇s diseases, multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）.

黄土液化作用及其次生灾害风险评估方法初探——以积石山M_(S)6.2地震为例

2023年12月18日甘肃积石山6.2级地震引发的黄土液化泥石流地质灾害,造成了大量人员伤亡和财产损失。以此为背景,系统梳理了液化调查、风险评估和风险区划的工作思路:选定地区液化的内在和诱发因子,收集并分析资料,拟定调查工作底图,以调查问卷的形式开展液化影响因素摸底工作,开展针对性的外业调查或辅以物探和钻探工作,得到土壤液化发育潜势实际材料图;其后借用常规地质灾害的评估方法,开展调查区域的易发性、易损性评价和风险评价,得到调查区风险区划图。利用此方法对积石山地震诱发的泥石流灾害进行验证,分析其液化灾害的地质环境背景、形成机理和危害特征,并对其发生的风险进行评价。文章首次提出土的液化作用及其次生灾害区域调查因子的选择和风险评估的流程,可为开展土层液化作用及其次生灾害隐患区排查、国土空间规划,特别是高烈度山区集中居住点地质安全评估和选址建议提供参考。

MULTIPLE SOLUTIONS FOR NONHOMOGENEOUS SCHRDINGER-POISSON EQUATIONS WITH SIGN-CHANGING POTENTIAL

In this article, we study the following nonhomogeneous Schrodinger-Poissone quations{-△u＋λV（x）u＋K（x）Фu=f（x,u）＋g（x）,x∈R^3,-△Ф=k（x）u^2, x∈R^3}where λ 〉 0 is a parameter. Under some suitable assumptions on 11, K, f and g, the existence of multiple solutions is proved by using the Ekeland＇s variational principle and the Mountain Pass Theorem in critical point theory. In particular, the potential V is allowed to be signchanging.

From the Green's Function in Tight-Binding Representation to Interatomic Many-body Potentials

In this paper, we deduce the analytical form of many-body interatomic potentials based on the Green's function in tight-binding representation. The many-body potentials are expressed as the functions of the hopping integrals which are the physical origin of cohesion of atoms. For thesimple case of s-valent system, the inversion of the many-body potentials are discussed in detail by using the lattice inversion method.

Bacterial melanin in rat models of Parkinson's disease: a potential neuroprotective strategy

Melanins are widely used in medicine, pharmacology and cosmetics. Different technologies have been used to obtain melanin including： chemical synthesis based on oxidation of tyrosine and its derivatives; extraction from animal materials; alkaline extraction from plant material; and microbiological synthesis. A few number of works have been published that were focused on purification of water insoluble 3,4-dihy- droxy-phenylalanine-melanins （Kukulianskaia et al., 2002）. The majority of synthetic and natural melanins are insoluble in wa- ter that significantly complicates preparation of pharmacolog- ical and cosmetic preparations. Obtaining of low-cost soluble biotechnological melanin can speed up application of melanin in medicine and other fields. For the first time, melanin-syn-thesizing strain with high level of pigment synthesis - Bacillus thuringiensis was obtained. The ecologically safe technology of biosynthesis, isolation and purification of the bacterial melanin has been elaborated.

JTE-522-induced apoptosis in human gastric adenocarinoma cell line AGS cells by caspase activation accompanying cytochrome C release,membrane translocation of Bax and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential

AIM: To investigate the role of the mitochondrial pathway in JTE-522-induced apoptosis and to investigate the relationship between cytochrome C release, caspase activity and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim). METHODS: Cell culture, cell counting, ELISA assay, TUNEL, flow cytometry, Western blot and fluorometric assay were employed to investigate the effect of JTE-522 on cell proliferation and apoptosis in AGS cells and related molecular mechanism. RESULTS: JTE-522 inhibited the growth of AGS cells and induced the apoptosis. Caspases 8 and 9 were activated during apoptosis as judged by the appearance of cleavage products from procaspase and the caspase activities to cleave specific fluorogenic substrates. To elucidate whether the activation of caspases 8 and 9 was required for the apoptosis induction, we examined the effect of caspase-specific inhibitors on apoptosis. The results showed that caspase inhibitors significantly inhibited the apoptosis induced by JTE-522. In addition, the membrane translocation of Bax and cytosolic release of cytochrome C accompanying with the decrease of the uptake of Rhodamin 123, were detected at an early stage of apoptosis. Furthermore, Bax translocation, cytochrome C release, and caspase 9 activation were blocked by Z-VAD.fmk and Z-IETD-CHO. CONCLUSION: The present data indicate a crucial association between activation of caspases 8, 9, cytochrome C release, membrane translocation of Bax, loss of Deltapsim and JTE-522-induced apoptosis in AGS cells.

Construction of Wave-free Potentials and Multipoles in a Two-layer Fluid Having Free-surface Boundary Condition with Higher-order Derivatives

There is a large class of problems in the field of fluid structure interaction where higher-order boundary conditions arise for a second-order partial differential equation. Various methods are being used to tackle these kind of mixed boundary-value problems associated with the Laplace’s equation （or Helmholtz equation） arising in the study of waves propagating through solids or fluids. One of the widely used methods in wave structure interaction is the multipole expansion method. This expansion involves a general combination of a regular wave, a wave source, a wave dipole and a regular wave-free part. The wave-free part can be further expanded in terms of wave-free multipoles which are termed as wave-free potentials. These are singular solutions of Laplace’s equation or two-dimensional Helmholz equation. Construction of these wave-free potentials and multipoles are presented here in a systematic manner for a number of situations such as two-dimensional non-oblique and oblique waves, three dimensional waves in two-layer fluid with free surface condition with higher order partial derivative are considered. In particular, these are obtained taking into account of the effect of the presence of surface tension at the free surface and also in the presence of an ice-cover modelled as a thin elastic plate. Also for limiting case, it can be shown that the multipoles and wave-free potential functions go over to the single layer multipoles and wave-free potential.

Ultrafast cyclic voltammetry with asymmetrical potential scan

Based on the perfect ohmic drop compensation by online electronic positive feedback, ultrafast cyclic voltammetry with asymmetrical potential scan is achieved for the first time, with the reduction of anthracene acting as the test system. Compared with the traditional cyclic voltammetry utilizing symmetrical triangular waveform as the excitation one, the new method allows a simpler approach to mechanistic analysis of ultrafast chemical reactions coupled with a charge transfer. And perhaps more important, it also provides a way to eliminate the interference of the adsorbed product in dynamic monitoring. 2007 Zhi Yong Guo. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

Probiotic Potential of Autochthone Microbiota from S&#227;o Jorge and <i>Parmigiano-Reggiano</i>Cheeses

For a long time, ripened cheeses have been officially recognized as having human health beneficial properties. However, to date only a few studies have investigated the complex microbiota of S?o Jorge and Parmigiano-Reggiano cheeses in order to identify microorganisms with probiotic potential. Hence, with the purpose of analyzing the probiotic potential of autochthone bacteria from S?o Jorge and Parmigiano-Reggiano cheeses, lactic acid bacteria isolated from both products were isolated and their direct biotic interaction against three bacteria found in the human intestine evaluated. From a total of 225 bacterial autochthone isolates, 67 had synergetic behavior with Bifidobacterium animalis , 34 had no synergetic behavior with Shigella dysenteriae and 33 had antagonistic activity with this human pathogen. Biochemical tests were used to identify these cheese isolates with probiotic potential. Lactobacillus paracasei subsp paracasei Lactobacillus arhamnosus were found in S&#227;o Jorge cheese and Lactobacillus rhamnosus , Lactobacillus buchneri and Lactobacillus curvatus in the Parmigiano cheese. Overall, initial exploratory studies with S&#227;o Jorge cheese seem to show a higher number of potential probiotic agents than those found in the Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese. However, in order to better understand the functional potential of this traditional Portuguese cheese, further confirmatory studies should be pursued.

Cortico-striatal gamma oscillations are modulated by dopamine D3 receptors in dyskinetic rats

Long-term levodopa administration can lead to the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Gamma oscillations are a widely recognized hallmark of abnormal neural electrical activity in levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Currently,studies have reported increased oscillation power in cases of levodopa-induced dyskinesia.However,little is known about how the other electrophysiological parameters of gamma oscillations are altered in levodopa-induced dyskinesia.Furthermore,the role of the dopamine D3 receptor,which is implicated in levodopa-induced dyskinesia,in movement disorder-related changes in neural oscillations is unclear.We found that the cortico-striatal functional connectivity of beta oscillations was enhanced in a model of Parkinson’s disease.Furthermore,levodopa application enhanced cortical gamma oscillations in cortico-striatal projections and cortical gamma aperiodic components,as well as bidirectional primary motor cortex(M1)↔dorsolateral striatum gamma flow.Administration of PD128907(a selective dopamine D3 receptor agonist)induced dyskinesia and excessive gamma oscillations with a bidirectional M1↔dorsolateral striatum flow.However,administration of PG01037(a selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonist)attenuated dyskinesia,suppressed gamma oscillations and cortical gamma aperiodic components,and decreased gamma causality in the M1→dorsolateral striatum direction.These findings suggest that the dopamine D3 receptor plays a role in dyskinesia-related oscillatory activity,and that it has potential as a therapeutic target for levodopa-induced dyskinesia.

The molecular structure and the analytical potential energy function of S2^- and S3^-

In this paper, the equilibrium geometry, harmonic frequency and dissociation energy of S2^- and S3^- have been calculated at QCISD/6-311＋＋G（3d2f） and B3P86/6-311＋＋G（3d2f） level. The S2^- ground state is of 2IIg, the S3^- ground state is of 2B1 and S3^- has a bent （C2v） structure with an angle of 115.65° The results are in good agreement with these reported in other literature. For S3^- ion, the vibration frequencies and the force constants have also been calculated. Base on the general principles of microscopic reversibility, the dissociation limits has been deduced. The Murrell-Sorbie potential energy function for S2^- has been derived according to the ab initio data through the least- squares fitting. The force constants and spectroscopic data for S2^- have been calculated, then compared with other theoretical data. The analytical potential energy function of S3^- have been obtained based on the many-body expansion theory. The structure and energy can correctly reappear on the potential surface.

Event-related potential N170 for early diagnosis of face recognition impairment in Parkinson's disease

Event-related potential （ERP） studies of cognitive function in Parkinson＇s disease （PD） have focused on P300 and N270. However, little is known regarding face recognition ERP in PD. The present study assessed cognitive function in PD patients using neuropsychological scales and analyzed N170 of visuospatial function impairment （VFI） in PD. Results showed that Montreal cognitive assessment can be used for assessing cognitive impairment when visuospatial functioning is changed during the early stage of PD. Face recognition has clinical significance for detecting changes in visuospatial functioning. However, N170 is not sensitive for detection of VFI in PD, which implies that VFI does not appear in the stage of structure coding in face recognition. In addition, VFI affects face recognition.

Six-Dimensional ab initio Potential Energy Surface and Bound States for He-H2S Complex

We present a new six-dimensional potential energy surface for He-H2S including the intramolecular Q1,Q2,and Q3 normal modes for theν1 symmetric stretching,ν2 bending andν3 asymmetric stretching of H2S.The potential was calculated at the coupled-cluster singles and doubles with noniterative inclusion of connected triples[CCSD(T)]-F12a level with augmented correlation-consistent polarized-valence triple-zeta(aug-cc-p VTZ)basis set plus the midpoint bond function(3s3p2d1f1g).Three vibrationally averaged potentials with H2S at the vibrational ground stateν1 as well as the excited statesν2 andν3 were generated from the integration of the six-dimensional potential over the Q1,Q2 and Q3 coordinates.Each potential has a planar T-shaped global minimum,a planar local minimum,two inplane saddle points as well as an out-plane saddle point.The global minimum is located at R=3.46A,θ=109.9° andφ=0.0° with a well depth of 35.301 cm^-1.The radial discrete variable representation/angular finite basis representation method and the Lanczos algorithm were employed to calculate the rovibrational energy levels.The calculated band origins are blue-shifted(0.025 cm^-1 and 0.031 cm^-1)and(0.041 cm^-1 and 0.060 cm^-1)for He-(paraH2S)and He-(ortho-H2S)in theν2 andν3 region of the H2S molecule,respectively.

A Mode of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Based on the Inter-induction of Scalar Electric Field and Vortex Magnetic Field

Drawing upon the electromagnetic conversion formulas in a continuous conductive medium,an extensive examination for total current law and Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction(Faraday’s law)is undertaken to expound on the laws of electromagnetic induction and conversion.The longitudinal wave term of Faraday’s law is reinstated to render it suitable for theoretical derivation of the LEM(Longitudinal Electromagnetic Wave)equation.Subsequently,we formulate the wave and energy equations for electric P-wave based on reevaluated total current law and modified Faraday’s law;meanwhile proposing a propagation mode that reveals its mechanisms absorbing free energy for LEM waves in a conductor predicated on interaction between scalar electric field and vortex magnetic field.Furthermore,through theoretical derivations based on LEM waves,insights into concealed relationships between electric P-wave and electromagnetism scalar potential are disclosed alongside the constraint equation between the wave velocities of LEM wave and TEM(Transverse Electromagnetic)waves,unveiling the significance of LEM wave.

Tetrahydrohyperforin(IDN5706) targets the endoplasmic reticulum for autophagy activation： potential mechanism for Alzheimer＇s disease therapy

Alzheimer’s disease（AD）is the most common form of dementia worldwide among the older population.To date,there is no therapy to stop the destruction of brain cells and all the available treatments only compensate for the loss of synaptic transmission,thus resulting in marginal benefits to patients.