S型光催化剂的电子转移机理研究进展

光催化技术是减轻能源危机和环境污染的有效技术之一。由于光生电子–空穴对的快速复合,单组分光催化剂的光催化效率不高。新型S型异质结光催化剂可以实现光生载流子的有效分离,同时具备强氧化还原能力,因此受到了广泛的关注和研究。对S型异质结光催化剂电子转移机理的深入理解有利于设计出更高效的光催化剂。通过选择合适的表征技术可以有效揭示S型异质结光催化剂的电子转移机理。因此,本文综述了直接和间接表征S型异质结光催化剂电子转移机理的技术。对于每种表征技术,首先对基本原理进行简述,然后通过代表性示例加以证明。研究S型异质结光催化剂电子转移机理可以加深对S型异质结光催化剂的理解,为进一步优化光催化系统提供极大帮助。

Enhanced photocatalytic H2-production activity of WO3/TiO2 step-scheme heterojunction by graphene modification

Sunlight-driven photocatalytic water-splitting for hydrogen(H2)evolution is a desirable strategy to utilize solar energy.However,this strategy is restricted by insufficient light harvesting and high photogenerated electron-hole recombination rates of TiO2-based photocatalysts.Here,a graphene-modified WO3/TiO2 step-scheme heterojunction(S-scheme heterojunction)composite photocatalyst was fabricated by a facile one-step hydrothermal method.In the ternary composite,TiO2 and WO3 nanoparticles adhered closely to reduced graphene oxide(rGO)and formed a novel S-scheme heterojunction.Moreover,rGO in the composite not only supplied abundant adsorption and catalytically active sites as an ideal support but also promoted electron separation and transfer from the conduction band of TiO2 by forming a Schottky junction between TiO2 and rGO.The positive cooperative effect of the S-scheme heterojunction formed between WO3 and TiO2 and the Schottky heterojunction formed between TiO2 and graphene sheets suppressed the recombination of relatively useful electrons and holes.This effect also enhanced the light harvesting and promoted the reduction reaction at the active sites.Thus,the novel ternary WO3/TiO2/rGO composite demonstrated a remarkably enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution rate of 245.8μmol g^-1 h^-1,which was approximately 3.5-fold that of pure TiO2.This work not only presents a low-cost graphene-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst that was obtained via a feasible one-step hydrothermal approach to realize highly efficient H2 generation without using noble metals,but also provides new insights into the design of novel heterojunction photocatalysts.

2D/2D step-schemeα-Fe2O3/Bi2WO6 photocatalyst with efficient charge transfer for enhanced photo-Fenton catalytic activity

Although the traditional Fenton reaction is considered an effective strategy for solving problems caused by environmental pollution,construction of an efficient photocatalytic system by coordinating the Fenton reaction is challenging.In this study,2D/2D step-schemeα-Fe2O3/Bi2WO6(FO/BWO)heterostructure photo-Fenton catalysts were successfully fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method.The as-prepared materials were characterized by XRD,FT-IR,TEM,XPS,UV-vis DRS,PL,I-t,EIS,and BET analyses.Under visible light irradiation,FO/BWO exhibited remarkably high and stable photo-Fenton catalytic activity for the degradation of methyl blue(MB)at low concentrations of H2O2.It was noted that FO/BWO(0.5)displayed a significantly enhanced photo-Fenton catalytic activity,which was 11.06 and 3.29 times those of FO nanosheets and BWO nanosheets,respectively.The notably improved photo-Fenton catalytic activity of FO/BWO was mainly due to the combination of H2O2 and FO under light illumination and the presence of the 2D/2D S-scheme heterostructure,with the large contact surface,abundant active sites,and efficient separation rate of photogenerated carriers playing contributory roles.Additionally,a possible catalytic mechanism for the FO/BWO composite was preliminarily proposed via active species trapping experiments.In summary,this study provided new insights into the synthesis of an effectively heterogeneous 2D/2D S-scheme photo-Fenton catalyst for degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.