Genetic diversity of the S-type small subunit ribosomal RNA gene of Plasmodium knowlesi isolates from Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia

Objective:To determine the genetic diversity of Plasmodium(P.)knowlesi isolates from Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia,targeting the S-type SSU rRNA gene and including aspects of natural selection and haplotype.Methods:Thirty-nine blood samples infected with P.knowlesi were collected in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia.The S-type SSU rRNA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction,cloned into a vector,and sequenced.The natural selection and haplotype of the S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences were determined using DnaSP v6 and illustrated using NETWORK v10.This study's 39 S-type SSU rRNA sequences and eight sequences from the Genbank database were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using MEGA 11.Results:Overall,the phylogenetic analysis showed no evidence of a geographical cluster of P.knowlesi isolates from different areas in Malaysia based on the S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences.The S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences were relatively conserved and with a purifying effect.Haplotype sharing of the S-type SSU rRNA gene was observed between the P.knowlesi isolates in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo,but not between Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia.Conclusions:This study suggests that the S-type SSU rRNA gene of P.knowlesi isolates in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo,and Peninsular Malaysia has fewer polymorphic sites,representing the conservation of the gene.These features make the S-type SSU rRNA gene suitable for comparative studies,such as determining the evolutionary relationships and common ancestry among P.knowlesi species.

Fiber cladding dual channel surface plasmon resonance sensor based on S-type fiber

Fiber cladding surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensors have few structures,and a clad SPR sensor based on S-type fiber is proposed in this paper.This new type of fiber cladding SPR sensor was formed by electrofusing an S-shaped structure on the fiber to couple the light in the fiber core to the cladding.In this paper,the effects of fiber parameters on the performance of the sensor were studied by simulation and experiment.Based on the conclusion that the smaller the core diameter is,the closer the working band of the SPR resonance is to long wavelengths,and that the geometric characteristics mean that a multimode fiber can receive the fiber cladding light from a small core diameter few-mode fiber,a dual channel SPR sensor with a double S-type fiber cascade was proposed.In the refractive index detection range of 1.333–1.385refractive index units(RIU),the resonant working band of channel I is 627.66 nm–759.78 nm,with an average sensitivity of 2540.77 nm/RIU,and the resonant working band of channel II is 518.24 nm–658.2 nm,with an average sensitivity of2691.54 nm/RIU.The processing method for the S-type fiber cladding SPR sensor is simple,effectively solving the problem of this type of SPR sensor structure and the difficult realization of a dual channel.The sensor is expected to be used in the fields of medical treatment and biological analysis.

S型控释氮肥运筹对水稻产量形成及氮素利用特征的影响

缓控释肥具有施用次数少、肥料利用率高的特点,S型热固性树脂包膜控释氮肥(S型控释氮肥)受土壤pH影响小、肥料稳定性好。本研究以S型控释氮肥为试材,分别设置了6个水稻品种的响应比较、4种氮肥施用量、5种氮肥施用时期及7种氮肥配施比例的4个盆栽试验,研究其对水稻产量形成、氮素吸收利用等的影响。结果表明:1)品种比较试验中,S型控释氮肥提高了6个水稻品种的产量,增幅在2.95%~18.57%,平均增加12.60%;产量提高的原因是穗数或每穗颖花数的增加;S型缓控释氮肥可显著提高供试水稻成熟期的氮素积累量、氮肥利用率,但氮素籽粒生产效率有所下降。2)控释肥运筹试验中,随着S型控释氮肥施用量和施用比例的增加,武运粳24号的产量呈先增加后下降的趋势,分别以每盆3g纯氮处理和控释氮肥占比80%处理产量增幅最大,作基肥时增产效应更显著;成熟期氮素积累量呈增加和先增加后下降的趋势,分别以每盆4.5 g纯氮处理和控释氮肥占比80%处理增幅最大,作基肥时增幅效应更显著;氮素籽粒生产效率和氮肥利用率呈降低趋势,氮素籽粒生产效率分别以控释氮肥占比0%和控释肥作保花肥最大,氮肥利用率分别以控释氮肥占比80%和控释肥作基肥时最大。3)控释肥对根系性状影响试验中,S型控释氮肥处理提高了武运粳24号水稻栽后30天单株不定根总长、根干重与吸收面积,提高了抽穗期单株不定根总长、根干重和根活力;单株不定根数、不定根总长、根干重、根活力的增加是产量、氮素积累量和氮肥利用率协同提高的根系基础。总之,S型控释氮肥可显著提高水稻的产量和氮肥利用率,作为基肥时最优。每盆3 g纯氮处理、控释氮肥占比80%左右时产量、成熟期氮素积累量、氮肥利用率协同增加,与其栽后30天、抽穗期根系性状优化有密切关系。

英国制造——捷豹XJ8和S-TYPE中国上市

虽然在世界汽车制造中，无论是汽车品牌的数量还是汽车的产销量，英国都难以与美国、日本、德国以及法国等相比。但是有一点不可否认，那就是英国在豪华车领域具有无与伦比的地位，像劳斯莱斯、宾利、罗孚、捷豹、阿斯顿·马丁以及莲花等。

Genesis of S-type Granites in the Pengshan Sn-polymetallic Ore Field, Northern Jiangxi Province and its Implications

The Pengshan Sn-polymetallic ore field is located in the southeastern part of the Yangtze block,spanning the southeast edge of the MLYDZ and the northern edge of the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift,and on one side of the MLYDZ.The studies of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb chronology and petrogeochemistry for Early Cretaceous acid granites from the Pengshan ore field were carried out in this paper.We report zircon U-Pb geochronology and whole-rock geochemistry for acid granites in the Pengshan ore field.The zircon U-Pb ages of the muscovite-granite,biotite adamellite and granite-porphyry are 127.6±1.7 Ma,126.9±1.6 Ma and 126.6±2.0 Ma,respectively.The granites in Pengshan are characterized by a high silicon content and are rich in alkali.They belong to high-potassium,calc-alkaline,peraluminous granite.The rocks have a relatively high Rb/Ba ratio,and the data points for muscovite-granite and biotite adamellite all fall within the clay-rich sources region,near the pelite-derived end-member,showing that the Pengshan muscovite-granite and biotite adamellite mainly originated from the partial melting of metapelites with high maturity.The transformation of the compressional and extensional tectonics in this region approximately 128 Ma obviously lags behind that in the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift(135 Ma),but occurred earlier than the MLYDZ(126 Ma).The Pengshan ore field extends from the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift to the MLYDZ.Although the tectonic stress field is constrained by the combination of the two secondary tectonic units,the time of tectonic system transformation is closer to the MLYDZ because the spatial orientation of the area is enclosed in the MLYDZ.Relevant geophysical and drilling data confirm the rationality of Pengshan-Ao'xia as a multi-center vertical zoning ore field,and show the scientificity of the prospecting idea of abutting joint between the north-west of Pengshan area and the south-east of Ao'xia area.

Chronology and Genesis of S-type Granites in Hetai District, Guangdong Province: Constraints from LA-ICP-MS Zircon U-Pb Dating and Tourmaline Boron Isotope In-situ Analyses

1 Introduction Hetai district,which is a mountainous area,situated on Guangning and Zhaoqing city,west Guangdong Province.Hetai district is generally located on southwest of South China Caledonian fold belt,east margin of Yunkai post-Caledonian uplift.Multiple type granites are widely distributed in Hetai district,including Caledonian,Indosinian and Yanshanian granites.Based on different

Activation of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in S-type Neuroblastoma Cell Lines

The effects of Sonic hedgehog(Shh) signaling pathway activation on S-type neuroblastoma(NB) cell lines and its role in NB tumorigenesis were investigated.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Shh pathway components— Patched1(PTCH1) and Gli1 in 40 human primary NB samples.Western blotting and RT-PCR were used to examine the protein expression and mRNA levels of PTCH1 and Gli1 in three kinds of S-type NB cell lines(SK-N-AS,SK-N-SH and SHEP1),respectively.Exogenous Shh was administrated to activate Shh signaling pathway while cyclopamine was used as a selective antagonist of Shh pathway.S-type NB cell lines were treated with different concentrations of Shh or/and cyclopamine for different durations.Cell viability was measured by using MTT method.Apoptosis rate and cell cycle were assayed by flow cytometry.The xenograft experiments were used to evaluate the role of Shh pathway in tumor growth in immunodeficient mice.High-level expression of PTCH1 and Gli1 was detected in both NB samples and S-type NB cell lines.Cyclopamine decreased the survival rate of the three cell lines while Shh increased it,and the inhibition effects of cyclopamine could be partially reversed by shh pre-treatment.Cyclopamine induced the cell apoptosis and the cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase,while Shh induced the reverse effects and could partially prevent effects of cyclopamine.Cyclopamine could also inhibit the growth of NB in vivo.Our studies revealed that activation of the Shh pathway is important for survival and proliferation of S-type NB cells in vivo and in vitro through affecting cell apoptosis and cell cycle,suggesting a new therapeutic approach to NB.

捷豹S-Type

你可以花60万元买到一款豪华轿车，但你未必就能因此收获到更多的魅力。一只充满灵性的飞豹划过长空，惊艳之中彰显绅士气质，这样的魅力，谁人可挡呢？

挑战“双B”美洲豹新鲜出击——Jaguar New S-Type 3.0

在迈入21世纪之始，Jaguar以S-Type作为首次跨入主管级豪华房车市场区区的开路先锋，当时汇集最尖端工艺技术、融合独特设计创意的S-Type，一推出便深受全球车坛的瞩目，同时也为TAGUAR揭开世纪交替的序幕，为日后上市的X-Type．全新XJ系列奠下良好的基础。转眼间。

2005款捷豹S-TYPE电子手刹故障

车型:2005款捷豹S-TYPE. 行驶里程:137750km. 故障现象:仪表上制动系统报警灯点亮,有时电子手刹无法释放. 故障诊断:接车后,验证故障现象,确如客户所述.使用SDD诊断仪进入系统读取故障码,发现在相关事件里面并没有相关的故障码. 执行建议选项,建议诊断驻车执行机构.点击确定以后,听到电机转动的声音,车辆手刹也可以正常的运作.以为只是一起偶发故障,在经过几次测试后均没问题,将车交与客户使用.

2003款美洲虎S-Type R轿车

在推出美洲虎S-Type轿车3年之后,美洲虎发布了全新设计的2003款S-Type R轿车。新款美洲虎S-Type R轿车在外型上没有做太大的改动,但为了显示其卓越的性能,对其内在结构进行了较大的改进。除了与车身同色的网状散热器护罩外。

绅士变身记 JAGUAR S-TYPE & JAGUAR XF

"犹记得戴安娜王妃初入皇室时,她驾驶着一辆经典的绿色S-Type,这款贵族座驾身形圆润、极富美感,不仅与王妃高贵气质相得益彰,也诠释着捷豹早期所崇尚的复古主义经典造型。跨入21世纪,捷豹全球设计总监严凯伦先生以一款风尚魅力的XF向世界昭告捷豹全新时代的到来,为我们演绎了一出精妙绝伦的绅士变身记。"

移动的古朴——试驾捷豹S-Type 3.0

一场热闹非凡的F1上海站赛事,让很多人领略了一级方程式赛车那V10发动机发出的刺耳狂嚣,记住了车神舒马赫那菲夷所思的冲出赛道、撞车、爆胎等意外,如此诸多的新闻及花絮中,一则捷豹车队将要退出F1赛事的新闻吸引了我的注意。

酵母的不同处理方法对其分散度和轮虫培养效果的影响

试验采用多种方式处理酵母,检测处理后的酵母的分散度。处理方式包括搅拌、活化、搅拌+活化。本试验选取30 min和120 min两种活化时间及20℃、30℃、40℃和50℃四个不同的温度梯度对酵母进行处理。结果表明:酵母细胞的分散度为活化后搅拌(直接加水搅拌(直接活化(搅拌后活化。选取酵母细胞密度为2.3×106个/mL,3.3×106个/mL,4.2×106个/mL,5.5×106个/mL,6.4×106个/mL的酵母溶液分别对轮虫进行投喂。结果表明:扩大酵母的分散度,可显著地增加轮虫的增殖率。

Determination of the Neoproterozoic Shicaogou Syn-collisional Granite in the Eastern Qinling Mountains and Its Geological Implications

The Shicaogou granite has been identified as a magnesian (Fe-number=0.71-0.76), calcic to calc-alkalic (MALI=3.84-5.76) and peraluminous (ASI=1.06-1.13) granite of the syn-collisional S-type, with high SiO2(>71%), A12O3 (>13%) and Na2O+K2O (6.28%-7.33%, equal for NaO2 and K2O). Trace element and REE analyses show that the granite is rich in LILE such as of Rb, Sr, Ba and Th, and poor in HFSE like Yb, Y, Zr and Hf. Its Rb/Sr ratio is greater than 1; the contents of Nb and Ta, and the ratio of Nb/Ta as well as the REE geochemical features (e.g. REE abundance, visible fractionation of LREE and HREE and medium to pronounced negative Eu anomalies) are all similar to those of crust-origin, continent-continent syn-collisional granite. Moreover, the granite exhibits almost the same pattern as that of the typical continent-continent syn-collisional granite on the spider diagram and all samples fall within the syn-collisional granite field.The cathodoluminescence (CL) investigations have revealed that the zircon from the Shicaogou granite represents a typical magmatic product characterized by its colorless, transparent and euhedral crystals, and distinct zoning of oscillatory bands. Residual cores of irregular zircon can be found in a few enhedral grains. Trace element studies of the zircon grains, with high contents of P, Y, Hf, Th, U and REE and high ratios of Th/U, obviously positive Ce anomalies and HREE enrichment compared to LREE, also result in the same conclusion.The LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic data from 24 spots of 21 zircon grains demonstrate that 20 spots in the oscillatory zone yield an average weighted 206Pb/238U age of 925±11 Ma, indicating that the Shicaogou granite was formed in the Neoproterozoic. Combined with other Neoproterozoic syn-collisional granites found in the study area, the present geochronological determination can further reveal that collision-amalgamation events could have occurred among some continental blocks in the Qinling orogenic belt during the Neoproterozoic. This in turn provides an accurate chronological constraint on the Neoproterozoic break-up and convergence in the belt.

Two Types of Granites in the Western Yangtze Block and Their Implications for Regional Tectonic Evolution： Constraints from Geochemistry and Isotopic Data

In the western Yangtze Block, widespread Mesoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic rocks are the key to understanding the Precambrian tectonic-magmatic evolution of the region. However, their petrogenesis and tectonic setting are still controversial. In this paper, zircon U-Pb ages, Sm-Nd isotopic and whole-rock geochemical data are reported from selected fresh samples in the southern Dechang county, southwestern China, in order to constrain their emplacement age and magma source, as well as their petrogenesis and tectonic setting. They are mainly composed of biotite monzogranite, monzonitic granite, biotite granodiorites, and quartz diorite. Two ages of 1055 ± 43 Ma and 837.6 ± 3.8 Ma were obtained through zircon U-Pb dating by LA-ICP-MS and LA-MC-ICP-MS, respectively. According to their major element compositions, the Grenville-age granites are peraluminous calc-alkaline series calcic S-type granite. In contrast, the mid-Neoproterozoic granites are metaluminous calc-aikaline series alkalic I-type granite. Furthermore, the S-type granites are enriched in LREEs relative to HREEs with （La/Yb）N ratios of 3.85-18.56 and underwent major fractionation with strongly negative Eu anomalies （Eu/Eu＊ = 0.38-0.66）. In the MORB-normalized trace element variation diagram, all the samples are enriched in Ce and large ion lithophile elements such as Rb, Th, and K, and depleted in high field strength elements such as Nb, and Ti, with negative Sr and Ti anomalies. The I-type granites are enriched in LREEs with slight negative Eu anomalies （Eu/Eu＊= 0.83-0.93）. They are characterized by the enrichment of highly incompatible elements （such as K, Rb, Ba, Th） and LREEs, relative to MORB. Neodymium isotopic data show that the S-type granites display 143Nd/144Nd values of 0.51241-0.51256, and have eNa （t = 1055 Ma） values of （-3.29） to （-3.81）. Calculated tDM ages yield values from 1.87 to 1.91 Ga with the tDM.2stg ages of 1.86 to 1.9 Ga. The I-type granites have 143Nd/144Nd ratios between 0.51192 and 0.51195, corresponding to initial eNd （t = 837 Ma） values of 1.22 to 5.63. Calculated tDM ages yield values from 1.0 to 1.38 Ga and the tDM.2stg ages yield values from 0.99 to 1.06 Ga. The S-type granites are distinguished as syn-collision granite, whereas the I-type granites were formed as arc magmas according to the Rb-（Yb＋Ta） and R1-R2 tectonic discrimination diagrams. To conclude, there are two types of spatially associated granite, the Mesoproterozoic S-type granite which were derived from re- melting of upper crustal mudstone and/or clastics and resulted from the convergence of two continental plates, and the mid-Neoproterozoic I-type granite which formed in continental arc and resulted from mantle-derived magma mixed crust material, in the western Yangtze Block. Furthermore, we suggest that collision between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks occurred at about 1055 Ma, and caused the S- type granite. The I-type granite related to the subduction of oceanic lithosphere eastward underneath the Yangtze Block in the mid-Neoproterozoic.

Geochemical Characteristics and Tectonic Significance of Triassic Granite from Taer Region, the Northern Margin of West Kunlun

Late Hercynian-early Indosinian （Triassic） granite is widely distributed around the Taer region of the northern margin of West Kunlun. The rock mass is mainly composed of calc-alkaline porphyroid biotite adamellite and characterized by SiO2-rich, high-Ca, moderate-alkaline, and strongly peraluminous attributes, and relatively low ~REE with LREE enrichment and a moderate Eu anomaly. As shown in the trace element spider web diagram, distinct peaks appear for Th, La, Nd, and Zr and clearly low values appear for Ba, Nb, Sr, P, and Ti. Further, compared with the primitive mantle, Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba are considerably higher and Nd/Th and Nb/Ta are relative low, all falling into the scope of the crust-origin rocks, indicating the characteristics of the crust-origin S-type granite. The rock mass＇s zircon U-Pb isotopic age is determined to be 235.7 -~ 3.9 Ma. On the basis of the age data, spatio-temporal location, lithology, and geochemistry of the rock mass, we conclude that the formation of the rock mass is closely related to the strong compressional orogenic movement （240 Ma） of the Tianshuihai terrane and the South Kunlun terrane. The rock mass is the product of the collision orogenic movement. However, distinct differences are observed between the studied rock mass and the synorogenic Bulunkou rock mass, which may be caused by the different collision strength and different positions with respect to the collision zone.

Origin of Early Creceouscalc-alkaline granite, Taxkorgan: Implications for evolution of Tethys evolution in central Pamir

The Pamir plateau may have been a westward continuation of Tibet plateau.Meanwhile,the Rushan-Pshart suture is correlative to the Bangong-Nujiang suture of Tibet,and the Central Pamir is the lateral equivalent of the Qiangtang Block.We present the first detailed LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb chronology,major and trace element,and Lu-Hf isotope geochemistry of Taxkorgan two-mica monzogranite to illuminate the Tethys evolution in central Pamir.LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb dating shows that two-mica monzogranite is emplaced in the Cretaceous(118 Ma).Its geochemical features are similar to S-type granite,with enrichment in LREEs and negative Ba,Sr,Zr and Ti anomalies.All the samples show negative zirconεHf(t)values ranging from 17.0 to 12.5(mean 14.5),corresponding to crustal Hf model(TDM2)ages of 1906 to 2169 Ma.It is inferred that these granitoids are derived from partial melting of peliticmetasedimentary rocks analogous to the Paleoproterozoic Bulunkuole Group,predominantly with muscovite schists component.Based on the petrological and geochemical data presented above,together with the regional geology,this work provides new insights that Bangong Nujiang Ocean closed in Early Cretaceous(120114 Ma).

MOTION VELOCITY SMOOTH LINK IN HIGH SPEED MACHINING

To deal with over-shooting and gouging in high speed machining, a novel approach for velocity smooth link is proposed. Considering discrete tool path, cubic spline curve fitting is used to find dangerous points, and according to spatial geometric properties of tool path and the kinematics theory, maximum optimal velocities at dangerous points are obtained. Based on method of velocity control characteristics stored in control system, a fast algorithm for velocity smooth link is analyzed and formulated. On-line implementation results show that the proposed approach makes velocity changing more smoothly compared with traditional velocity control methods and improves productivity greatly.

Age and geochemistry of the granitoid from the Lunte area,Northeastern Zambia:Implications for magmatism of the Columbia supercontinent

The Paleoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the Bangweulu Block has long been controversial.Paleoproterozoic granites consisting of the basement complex of the Bangweulu Block are widely exposed in northeastern Zambia,and they are the critical media for studying the tectonic evolution of the Bangweulu Block.This study systematically investigated the petrography,zircon U-Pb chronology,and petrogeochemistry of the granitoid extensively exposed in the Lunte area,northeastern Zambia.The results show that the granitoid in the area formed during 2051±13-2009±20 Ma as a result of Paleoproterozoic magmatic events.Geochemical data show that the granites in the area mainly include syenogranites and monzogranites of high-K calc-alkaline series and are characterized by high SiO2 content(72.68%‒73.78%)and K_(2)O/Na_(2)O ratio(1.82‒2.29).The presence of garnets,the high aluminum saturation index(A/CNK is 1.13‒1.21),and the 1.27%‒1.95%of corundum molecules jointly indicate that granites in the Lunte area are S-type granites.Rare earth elements in all samples show a rightward inclination and noticeably negative Eu-anomalies(δEu=0.16‒0.40)and are relatively rich in light rare earth elements.Furthermore,the granites are rich in large ion lithophile elements such as Rb,Th,U,and K and are depleted in Ba,Sr,and high field strength elements such as Ta and Nb.In addition,they bear low contents of Cr(6.31×10^(−6)‒10.8×10^(−6)),Ni(2.87×10^(−6)‒4.76×10^(−6)),and Co(2.62×10^(−6)‒3.96×10^(−6)).These data lead to the conclusion that the source rocks are meta-sedimentary rocks.Combining the above results and the study of regional tectonic evolution,the authors suggest that granitoid in the Lunte area were formed in a tectonic environment corresponding to the collision between the Tanzania Craton and the Bangweulu Block.The magmatic activities in this period may be related to the assembly of the Columbia supercontinent.