S100β对重症肺炎患者预后评估的价值

目的:探讨S100β对重症肺炎患者预后的评估价值。方法:以出院作为研究的观察终点,对2021年5月至2023年10月期间中山大学附属第一医院急诊科收治的107例重症肺炎患者的资料进行回顾性分析,根据S100β的血清学浓度分为阴性组和阳性组,根据患者出院存活状态分为存活组及死亡组,用GCS评分评估患者入院时神志,用CURB-65评分、SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分、PSI指数评估重症肺炎患者病情严重程度,采用出院时存活情况、机械通气时间(天)、去甲肾上腺素剂量(mg)、CRRT时间(天)评估重症肺炎患者预后。结果:107例重症肺炎患者中S100β阳性组的患者48人(44.9%),阴性患者59人(55.1%)。S100β阳性患者GCS评分低于S100β阴性患者,SOFA评分高于S100β阴性患者。S100β阳性组的患者住院期间机械通气时间、去甲肾上腺素使用剂量、CRRT治疗时长均高于S100β阴性患者。S100β阳性组的患者院内死亡率(62.5%)显著高于S100β阴性患者的(23.7%)。S100β联合SOFA评分及APACHEⅡ评分预测重症肺炎预后时,能辅助原有评分,提高诊断的特异性。结论:重症肺炎患者脑损伤发生率较高,可达44.9%,S100β能反映重症肺炎患者的病情严重程度,是预测重症肺炎患者预后不良的独立危险因素。

S100 PROTEIN-POSITIVE DENDRITIC CELLS AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THEIR DENSITY IN GASTRIC PRECANCEROUS LESIONS

Quantitative analysis of dendritic cells (DC’s) was carried out in tissue specimens of normalgastric mucosa (n=15),gastric ulcer (n=19),chronic atrophic gastritis (n=28),and gastriccarcinoma (n=65) by ABC immunostaining with S100 protein antibody.Significant increasein DC number were observed in chronic atrophic gastritis with type Ⅲ intestinal metaplasiaand/or grade Ⅱ,Ⅲ dysplasia.The result suggests that DC’s are potentially capable opresenting neoantigens associated with malignant transformation at the precancerous stagewhen malignant morphological changes have not yet taken place.Combined with routinediagnostic methods,the serial monitoring of DC density in gastric mucosa may be usefulin the follow-up of premalignant lesions in the stomach and the diagnosis of early gastriccarcinoma.

S100 calcium binding protein A6 and associated long noncoding ribonucleic acids as biomarkers in the diagnosis and staging of primary biliary cholangitis

BACKGROUND Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC)is a chronic and slowly progressing cholestatic disease,which causes damage to the small intrahepatic bile duct by immunoregulation,and may lead to cholestasis,liver fibrosis,cirrhosis and,eventually,liver failure.AIM To explore the potential diagnosis and staging value of plasma S100 calcium binding protein A6(S100A6)messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA),LINC00312,LINC00472,and LINC01257 in primary biliary cholangitis.METHODS A total of 145 PBC patients and 110 healthy controls(HCs)were enrolled.Among them,80 PBC patients and 60 HCs were used as the training set,and 65 PBC patients and 50 HCs were used as the validation set.The relative expression levels of plasma S100A6 mRNA,long noncoding ribonucleic acids LINC00312,LINC00472 and LINC01257 were analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.The bile duct ligation(BDL)mouse model was used to simulate PBC.Then double immunofluorescence was conducted to verify the overexpression of S100A6 protein in intrahepatic bile duct cells of BDL mice.Human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells were treated with glycochenodeoxycholate to simulate the cholestatic environment of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells in PBC.RESULTS The expression of S100A6 protein in intrahepatic bile duct cells was up-regulated in the BDL mouse model compared with sham mice.The relative expression levels of plasma S100A6 mRNA,log10 LINC00472 and LINC01257 were upregulated while LINC00312 was down-regulated in plasma of PBC patients compared with HCs(3.01±1.04 vs 2.09±0.87,P<0.0001;2.46±1.03 vs 1.77±0.84,P<0.0001;3.49±1.64 vs 2.37±0.96,P<0.0001;1.70±0.33 vs 2.07±0.53,P<0.0001,respectively).The relative expression levels of S100A6 mRNA,LINC00472 and LINC01257 were up-regulated and LINC00312 was down-regulated in human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells treated with glycochenodeoxycholate compared with control(2.97±0.43 vs 1.09±0.08,P=0.0018;2.70±0.26 vs 1.10±0.10,P=0.0006;2.23±0.21 vs 1.10±0.10,P=0.0011;1.20±0.04 vs 3.03±0.15,P<0.0001,respectively).The mean expression of S100A6 in the advanced stage(III and IV)of PBC was up-regulated compared to that in HCs and the early stage(II)(3.38±0.71 vs 2.09±0.87,P<0.0001;3.38±0.71 vs 2.57±1.21,P=0.0003,respectively);and in the early stage(II),it was higher than that in HCs(2.57±1.21 vs 2.09±0.87,P=0.03).The mean expression of LINC00312 in the advanced stage was lower than that in the early stage and HCs(1.39±0.29 vs 1.56±0.33,P=0.01;1.39±0.29 vs 2.07±0.53,P<0.0001,respectively);in addition,the mean expression of LINC00312 in the early stage was lower than that in HCs(1.56±0.33 vs 2.07±0.53,P<0.0001).The mean expression of log10 LINC00472 in the advanced stage was higher than those in the early stage and HCs(2.99±0.87 vs 1.81±0.83,P<0.0001;2.99±0.87 vs 1.77±0.84,P<0.0001,respectively).The mean expression of LINC01257 in both the early stage and advanced stage were up-regulated compared with HCs(3.88±1.55 vs 2.37±0.96,P<0.0001;3.57±1.79 vs 2.37±0.96,P<0.0001,respectively).The areas under the curves(AUC)for S100A6,LINC00312,log10 LINC00472 and LINC01257 in PBC diagnosis were 0.759,0.7292,0.6942 and 0.7158,respectively.Furthermore,the AUC for these four genes in PBC staging were 0.666,0.661,0.839 and 0.5549,respectively.The expression levels of S100A6 mRNA,log10 LINC00472,and LINC01257 in plasma of PBC patients were decreased(2.35±1.02 vs 3.06±1.04,P=0.0018;1.99±0.83 vs 2.33±0.96,P=0.036;2.84±0.92 vs 3.69±1.54,P=0.0006),and the expression level of LINC00312 was increased(1.95±0.35 vs 1.73±0.32,P=0.0007)after treatment compared with before treatment using the paired t-test.Relative expression of S100A6 mRNA was positively correlated with log10 LINC00472(r=0.683,P<0.0001);serum level of collagen type IV was positively correlated with the relative expression of log10 LINC00472(r=0.482,P<0.0001);relative expression of S100A6 mRNA was positively correlated with the serum level of collagen type IV(r=0.732,P<0.0001).The AUC for the four biomarkers obtained in the validation set were close to the training set.CONCLUSION These four genes may potentially act as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of PBC.Moreover,LINC00472 acts as a potential biomarker for staging in PBC.

The S100 protein family and its application in cardiac diseases

The S100 protein family is the largest group of EF-hand signaling proteins in humans. The members of the S100 protein family are expressed in many tissues and play different functions. Many diseases are related to S100 proteins, which function as new biochemical markers especially in cardiac diseases. The most studied members, protein S100Β and protein S100A1, exhibit activities in cardiac diseases, and these immunohistochemical expressions or serum levels have been used in predicting neurologic outcome after resuscitation of cardiac arrest or recovery of cardioprotective function.

S100 protein expression during induced Schwann cell-like cell differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells in vitro

BACKGROUND： S100 protein can promote axonal growth. Therefore, transplantation of induced bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） that can secrete S100 may provide a beneficial microenvironment for neural regeneration. OBJECTIVE： To explore the changes in S100 expression during rat MSCs differentiation into Schwann ceils in vitro. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： This cytology experiment was performed at the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University in China, from January 2006 to May 2007. MATERIALS： The rabbit anti-S100 polyclonal antibody was purchased from Dako, Denmark; the mouse anti-rat S100 monoclonal antibody was purchased from Sigma, USA. METHODS： MSCs were cultured from adult Sprague-Dawley rat femur and tibia. Cell proliferation was determined by the MTT method and CD markers, and cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry. MSCs were induced to differentiate into SC cells. SC cells were stained for S100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor. S100 protein and mRNA levels were evaluated by flow cytometry, Western blot, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： S100 protein and mRNA expression. RESULTS： MSCs exhibited high amplification potential over eight passages. Prior to induction, the majority of MSCs were at the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. After induction, MSCs displayed morphology changes similar to Schwann cells. Moreover, induction increased S100 mRNA levels. Immunofluorescence showed that MSCs expressed S100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor at 7 days of induction. Induction also increased S100 protein levels compared with untreated MSCs. CONCLUSION： MSCs are capable of differentiating into Schwann cells-like cells under conditional induction in vitro, with increasing S100 mRNA and protein expression.

Effects of Propofol combined with remifentanil on the levels of MBP,NSE and S100B protein,D-D and inflammatory factors in patients with acute craniocerebral trauma

Objective: To investigate the effects of Propofol combined with remifentanil on serum levels of MBP, NSE and S100B protein, D-D and inflammatory factors in patients with acute craniocerebral trauma. Methods: A total of 100 patients were selected with traumatic brain injury who underwent emergency surgery from August 2014 to May 2017 in our hospital, then randomly divided them into the control group and the experimental group, 50 cases each. The control group received isoflurane combined with remifentanil to maintain anesthesia, and the experimental group received propofol and remifentanil to maintain anesthesia. The inflammatory factors and the levels of MBP, NSE, S100B and D-D in the two groups before and after anesthesia (T0), 1H (T1) and postoperative 1H (T2) were detected and compared. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in the levels of TNF-α. The serum level of hs-CRP in two groups of T1, T2 increased significantly, the difference was statistically significant compared with T0, in the experimental group, serum level of hs-CRP at T1 and T2 was significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Propofol combined with remifentanil anesthesia for acute craniocerebral trauma can maintain the balance of inflammatory cytokine levels during the perioperative period, inhibit the elevation of serum MBP, NSE, S100B protein and D-D levels, reduce brain cell damage. It has a good protective effect on brain cells and is worthy of clinical application.

The β-amyloid protein induces S100β expression in rat hippocampus through a mechanism that involves IL-1

Objective To explore the effect of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) on S100β expression in rat hippocampus and its mechanisms. Methods At 7 days after bilateral stereotaxis injection of different dose of fibrillar Aβ 25-35 and interluekin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) into the rat CA1 region, the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested with passive avoidance task. Amyloid deposition was detected by using Congo red staining technique. Nissl staining and immunohistochemical techniques were used to analyze the number of neurons, and GFAP and the S100β expression in hippocampal CA1 region , respectively. Results After fibrillar Aβ injection, the step-through latency of rats was significantly shortened compared to that of the control group. The GFAP positive astrocytes were found surrounding amyloid deposition. Neuronal loss occurred in the pyramidal cell layer of CA1 region. The number of S100β positive cells in Aβ-treated group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group. After IL-1ra injection, the number of S100β positive cells was significantly decreased. Conclusion Intrahippocampal injection of Aβ 25-35 could cause similar pathologic changes of Alzheimer’s disease. Aβ 25-35 was capable of up-regulating S100β expression in a dose-dependent manner. The injection of IL-1ra could attenuate the effect of Aβ on S100β expression.

Amyloid precursor-like protein 2 C-terminal fragments upregulate S100A9 gene and protein expression in BV2 cells

The murine microglial cell line BV2 has neuroprotective effects, but is toxic to neurons by secret-ing inlfammatory cytokines, and is an important target in the treatment of nerve inlfammation and neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we observed the effects of transfecting three amyloid precursor-like protein 2 （APLP2） C-terminal fragments （CTFs; C57, C50 and C31） in the pEGFP-N1 vector on S100A9 expression in BV2 cells. Reverse transcription-PCR, western blot assay and immunocytochemistry revealed that S100A9 protein and mRNA expression was greater in BV2 cells after CTF transfection than after mock transfection with an empty vector. Furthermore, transfection of full-length APLP2-751 resulted in low levels of S100A9 protein ex-pression. Our results show that APLP2-CTFs upregulate S100A9 protein and mRNA expression in BV2 cells, and identify a novel pathway involved in neuronal injury and apoptosis, and repair and protection in Alzheimer’s disease.

Soluble Structure of CLIC and S100 Proteins Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy

The ability to visualise proteins in their native environment and discern information regarding stoichiometry is of critical importance when studying protein interactions and function. We have used liquid cell atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualise proteins in their native state in buffer and have determined their molecular volumes. The human proteins S100A8, S100A9, S100A12 and CLIC1 were used in this investigation. The effect of oxidation on the protein structure of CLIC1 was also investigated and we found that CLIC1 multimerisation could be discerned by AFM, which supports similar findings by other methods. We have found good correlation between the molecular volumes measured by AFM and the calculated volumes of the individual proteins. This method allows for the study of single soluble proteins under physiological conditions and could potentially be extended to study the structure of these proteins when located within a membrane environment.

Preparation of Polyclonal Antisera of Dairy Cow S100A12 Protein

[Objective] This study aimed to prepare dairy cow anti-S100A12 antisem and develop a highly effective and sensitive immunological detection reagent for further investigation of the functions of dairy cow S100A12. [Method] Purified S100A12 protein was respectively emulsified with Freund＇s complete adjuvant and Freund＇s incomplete adjuvant as the antigen for immunizing New Zealand white rabbits to prepare the polyclonal antisera. The titer was detected using agar double diffusion assay and indirect enzyme-linked immunoserbent assay （ELISA） and the specificity was determined with Western Blot. [ Result ] The titer of anti- S100A12 antisera was 1： 8 as determined by agar double diffusion assay and over 1：409 600 by ELISA. Western Blot result showed that the polyclonal antisera could be specifically combined with S100A12 protein. [ Conclusion] The results indicated that anti-S100A12 polyclonal antibody with high fiter and high specificity was successfully obtained, which provided a novel tool for further investigation of the functions of S100A12 gene.

APPLICATION OF HMB－45 MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY AND S100 PROTEIN IN THE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MELANOMA

We tested a variety of fixed embedded sections of malignant tumors with HMB-45 MoAband S-100 polyclonal antibody.The results showed that RMB-45 was a highly sensitive and specificantibody for recongnizing melanoma on fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections, it reacted with 96.6percent of melanomas tested(all primary and 6 of 7 metastatic lesions)Both pigmented and nonpigmeated melanomas were recongnized.Malignant tumors of epithelial,lymphoid and mesenchymal origin were all negative.Although antibody to S-100 protien quite sensitive,it was not melanome-specific and it reached with all melanomas including the one metastatic melanoma that did not react withHMB-45,it we also positive in one of five lymphomas and one of three sarcomas.AdditionallyHMB-45 reacted with junctional nevi and componentes of compound neai and not with intradermalnevi and the dermal components of compound nevi.

Change and significance of serum inflammatory factors,NSE,S100 protein and stress hormone levels in patients with craniocerebral injury

Objective: To investigate the change and significance of serum inflammatory factors, neuron specific enolase (NSE), S100 protein and stress hormone levels in patients with brain diseases. Methods: A total of 115 patients with craniocerebral injury were selected as the observation group, according to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), they were divided into light-sized group (n=38), middle-sized group (n=40) and severe-sized group (n=37), at the same time the other 120 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The levels of serum inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and procalcitonin (PCT)], neuron specific enolase (NSE), S100 protein and the stress hormone cortisol [(COR), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), β-endorphin (β-EP)] of both groups were compared. Results: The levels of TNF-α, PCT, NSE, S100, COR, ACTH and β-EP in the observation group were (145.73±19.24) ng/L, (2.41±0.64) ng/mL, (38.11±12.28) ng/mL, (0.87±0.32) μg/L, (818.87±121.14) nmol/L, (107.38±13.94) ng/L, (126.74±39.04) ng/mL, which were significantly higher than control group, the difference was statistically significant;Comparison of indexes among the observation group, NF-α, PCT, NSE, S100, COR, ACTH and β-EP levels in the middle-sized group and severe-sized group were significantly higher than those in the light-sized group, and the levels in the severe-sized group were significantly higher than those of the middle-sized group, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion:The levels of Serum inflammatory factors, NSE, S100 protein and stress hormone were significantly increased in patients with craniocerebral injury, the level was related to the degree of traumatic brain injury, which could be used as an important indicator to assess the severity of the disease.

Immunoexpression of Cathepsin D and S100A4 Protein and Their Molecular Subtyptes in Canine Mammary Carcinomas

Cathepsin D (CD), a lysosomal protease, and S100A4 protein, a calcium binding motif, are considered to be involved in metastasis in various human cancers. No data regarding such proteins are available for canine mammary carcinomas (CMCs). Accordingly, their expression in association with known factors of prognosis was investigated in this study. For that, 66 surgically resected CMCs were submitted to an immunohistochemical evaluation using anti CD, S100A4 protein, HER2, estrogen receptor α, cytokeratin 5, and p63 antibodies, further characterizing the tumors' molecular subtype. An increase in S100A4 immunoexpression by neoplastic luminal mammary cells was associated with an infiltrative tumor mode of growth, consequently leading us to conclude that S100A4 protein could be related to progression in CMCs. Additionally, the occurrence of the luminal A molecular subtype was associated with the complex histotype in CMCs. Although we have demonstrated that changes in S100A4 protein immunoexpression occurs in CMCs, further studies are needed to determine whether this represents important independent biomarkers for CMCs.

Effect of salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection combined with hydroxyethyl starch injection on serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B protein and hemorheology in patients with acute cerebral watershed infarction

Objective:To study the effect of salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection combined with hydroxyethyl starch injection on serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B protein and hemorheology in patients with acute cerebral watershed infarction.Methods:A total of 90 patientswith acute cerebral watershed infarction in our hospital from August 2014 to December 2016 were enrolled in this study. The subjects were divided into the control group (n=45) and the treatment group (n=45) randomly. The control group was treated with hydroxyethyl starch injection, the treatment group was treated withsalvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection combined with hydroxyethyl starch injection, and both the two groups were treated for 2 weeks. The serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B protein and hemorheology of the two groups before and after treatments were compared.Results:There were no significantly differences of the serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B protein and hemorheology of the two groups before treatment. The serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B proteinlevels of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment, and that of the treatment group after treatment were significantly lower than the control group. The PV, Lr, Mr, Hr and RE of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment, and that of the treatment group after treatment were significantly lower than the control group.Conclusion:Salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection combined with hydroxyethyl starch injectioncan significantlyimprovetheneurological function and hemorheology, reduce inflammation of the patients with acute cerebral watershed infarction, and it was worthy clinical application.

新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤S-100 NSE mRNA和蛋白水平变化

目的研究缺氧缺血性脑损伤（ＨＩＢＤ）后血和脑脊液中Ｓ－１００蛋白（Ｓ—１００）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（ＮＳＥ）水平的变化及其与脑细胞死亡数的相关性，并探讨这些蛋白质水平变化的机制。方法采用 ７ ｄ龄 ＳＤ大鼠ＨＩＢＤ模型，应用放射免疫方法动态观察ＨＩＢＤ血液和脑脊液中Ｓ—１００，ＮＳＥ水平的变化，用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ的技术和免疫组织化学的方法动态观察 ＨＩＢＤ后不同时间点脑组织中 Ｓ— １００，ＮＳＥ ｍＲＮＡ和蛋白水平表达的变化。结果 ＨＩ后血液中 ２４ ｈ，４８ ｈ Ｓ－ １００分别为（１． ２０５± ０ １８３）μｇ／Ｌ和（ １． ２３５± ０．０９７）μｇ／Ｌ， ＮＳＥ分别为（３．９７ ±０．２２８）ηｇ／ｍｌ和（３．７６±０．２３４）ηｇ／ｍｌ，对照组Ｓ－１００和ＮＳＥ分别为（０．６４５±０．０５）μｇ／Ｌ和（３．１５±０．１６４）ηｇ／ｍｌ。脑脊液中 ２４ ｈ，４８ ｈ Ｓ－ １００分别为（１． ２８± ０． ０３１）μｇ／Ｌ，（１． ３２± ０． ０９７）μｇ／Ｌ，ＮＳＥ分别为（７． １５± ０． ７１７）ηｇ／ｍｌ，（４． ２９± ０．１４４）ηｇ／ｍｌ，对照组 Ｓ－ １００和 ＮＳＥ分别为（０． ６８± ０．０５９） μｇ／Ｌ和（３． ４?

急性脑梗死患者S-100蛋白的动态变化及其临床意义

目的 观察脑梗死患者血浆 S- 10 0蛋白的浓度变化 ,并评价其临床意义。方法 应用 EL ISA法对35例急性脑梗死患者的血浆 S- 10 0蛋白水平进行动态检测 ,同时应用 NIHSS进行神经功能缺损评分及 CT扫描 ,并与 30例对照组患者进行比较。结果 病例组患者 S- 10 0浓度明显升高 ,2～ 3d达到峰值 ,且有严重神经功能缺失的患者 ,S- 10 0升高更明显 ,S- 10 0 >1.0μg/ L、NIHSS 12分提示患者预后不良。结论 缺血性脑梗死后血浆中 S- 10 0蛋白的出现与坏死的神经胶质细胞漏出有关 ,并通过受损的血脑屏障进入血液 ,S- 10 0蛋白可作为缺血性脑损伤尤其是大面积脑梗死早期的外周标志物 ,是比 CT更为敏感的指标 ,对指导治疗有帮助。

中枢神经系统炎症患者脑脊液S-100B蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶含量的测定

为了探讨脑脊液（CSF）S-100B蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）含量对中枢神经系统（CNS）炎症患者脑损伤的评估价值,采用酶联免疫吸附试验双抗体夹心法对42例单纯疮疹病毒性脑炎（病脑组）、19例化脓性脑膜炎（化脑组）、17例隐球菌性脑膜炎（隐脑组）患者和22例无神经系统疾病、无肿瘤的外科腰麻患者（对照组）CSF中的S-100B蛋白和NSE进行了动态观察。结果显示,3组CNS炎症患者脑脊液S-100B蛋白含量均显著高于对照组（P<0.01）,其中病脑组>化脑组>隐脑组（P<0.01）;脑脊液NSE含量病脑组最高,与化脑组和隐脑组相比差异有著性意义（P<0.05和P<0.01）,隐脑组与对照组差异无显著性意义（P>0.05）;动态检测发现,脑脊液S-100B蛋白和NSE含量随3组CNS炎症患者病情的轻重而发生相应的变化。研究表明,3组CNS炎症患者脑脊液S-100B和NSE含量均有不同程度的增高,且与患者脑损伤的严重程度有关。

根据S—100蛋白阳性胶质细胞的变化判断脑挫伤时间的实验研究

本文米用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法，观察了２４只大白鼠脑挫伤不同时间的胶质细胞特异性标志物Ｓ－１００蛋白的变化。结果表明，挫伤２天后Ｓ—１００阳性胶质细胞的胞体开始增大，突起不明显，随着脑挫伤时间的延长，胞体增大，突起明显的Ｓ—１００阳性胶质细胞数量明显增加，到第五天时达高峰，在脑挫伤的周围区均为胞林大、突起明显的Ｓ—１００阳性细胞，此结果表明Ｓ－１００蛋白的变化可用于挫伤后时间的判断。

七氟醚与丙泊酚复合麻醉对心内直视术患者S-100β蛋白、NSE和认知功能影响的比较

目的 比较七氟醚与丙泊酚复合麻醉对心内直视术患者S-100β蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和认知功能的影响,为减少心内直视术后脑损伤提供参考.方法 择期行心脏二尖瓣置换术患者60例,性别不限,年龄24-63岁,体质指数16.5-25.8 kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅱ或Ⅲ级,随机分为两组（n=30）：七氟醚复合麻醉组（S组）和丙泊酚复合麻醉组（P组）.麻醉诱导：静脉注射咪达唑仑0.05-0.1 mg/kg,依托咪酯0.3-0.5 mg/kg,瑞芬太尼0.5-1 μg/kg,顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵0.15 mg/kg.麻醉维持：S组持续吸入1.0%-3.0%七氟醚（体外循环期间通过体外循环旁路吸入1.0%-3.0%七氟醚）,P组靶控输注2-4 μg/mL丙泊酚;两组均静脉输注瑞芬太尼0.2-0.4 μg/（kg·min）和顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵0.1 mg/（kg·h）至手术结束.于麻醉诱导前（T0）、体外循环开始后30 min（T1）、体外循环结束时（T2）、手术结束时（T3）、术后12 h（T4）及术后24 h（T5）时采集颈内静脉血测定血清S-100β蛋白和NSE浓度,于术前1 d和术后2 d用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评估患者的认知功能.结果 与P组比较,S组T1-T4时点血清S-100β蛋白和NSE浓度降低（P〈0.05）,术后2 d时MMSE评分升高（P〈0.05）,术后认知功能障碍（POCD）发生率下降（P〈0.05）.结论 在心内直视术中,与丙泊酚复合麻醉比较,七氟醚复合麻醉可降低血浆S-100β蛋白和NSE浓度,减少术后POCD的发生,可推荐为预防心内直视术后脑损伤的麻醉方法.

周围神经损伤后S-100蛋白的分布和变化研究

目的 :研究周围神经中s -10 0蛋白的分布及周围神经损伤后s -10 0蛋白的分布变化及时相改变。探索其与神经再生过程的关系。方法 :通过免疫组织化学技术观察大鼠坐骨神经切断后不同时期神经组织中s -10 0蛋白的分布变化。结果 :在未损伤的神经中 ,s -10 0蛋白分布于雪旺细胞的胞浆和胞膜中。神经切断 48h后 ,远近节段均出现s -10 0蛋白免疫反应表达减弱 ,远侧段 1周后几乎没有s -10 0蛋白的表达 ,而近侧段在有新生轴索生长时重新表达s -10 0蛋白。结论 :轴索对于雪旺细胞的成熟具有重要的作用 ,s -10 0蛋白对于轴索的再生具有刺激和诱导作用。s -10 0蛋白在周围神经中只存在于成熟的雪旺细胞。s -10