Astrometric Reduction of Saturnian Satellites with Cassini-ISS Images Degraded by Trailed Stars

The Imaging Science Subsystem(ISS)mounted on the Cassini spacecraft has taken a lot of images,which provides an important source of high-precision astrometry of some planets and satellites.However,some of these images are degraded by trailed stars.Previously,these degraded images cannot be used for astrometry.In this paper,a new method is proposed to detect and compute the centers of these trailed stars automatically.The method is then performed on the astrometry of ISS images with trailed stars.Finally,we provided 658 astrometric positions between 2004 and 2017 of several satellites that include Enceladus,Dione,Tethys,Mimas and Rhea.Compared with the JPL ephemeris SAT427,the mean residuals of these measurements are 0.11 km and 0.26 km in R.A.and decl.,respectively.Their standard deviations are 1.08 km and 1.37 km,respectively.The results show that the proposed method performs astrometric measurements of Cassini ISS images with trailed stars effectively.

Energy Gap in Saturn’s Rings

In this article, we consider, based on the super-diamagnetic model, the new problems of Saturn’s rings discovered by Cassini, such as: 1) anomalous purity of water ice;2) Saturn’s magnetic field alignment with the planet’s rotation axis;3) “ring rain” of the submicron particles;4) the deviation in the qualitative composition of the “rain” from the composition of the rings;5) “dirt” concentrated in the ring gaps;6) “plateaus” in Saturn’s C ring;7) age of the rings;8) roll-off in the spectrum of Saturn’s rings, and 9) “propellers” in Saturn’s A ring. Interpretation of Cassini’s observations of spectral roll-off in Saturn’s rings in the wavelength range from 100 micrometers to 0.5 mm is given. It was concluded that the substance of the rings could be in the superconducting state. An explanation of the Cassini spectral data is given using the hypothesis of the existence of a superconducting energy gap in the substance of rings.

SATURN软启动器在连铸机大包回转台电机控制中的应用

介绍SATURN软启动器的结构和功能,阐述了软启动器在大包回转台控制中的应用和控制效果。

地层流体取样和压力测量Saturn 3D圆径探头

地层流体取样和压力测量Saturn 3D圆径探头由Schlumberger公司研发,该探头设有4个自密封吸入口,每个吸入口的过流面积为128.1cm2,与常规探头相比,过流面积增大了500倍以上。4个吸入口间隔90°安装在探头上,从地层吸取流体。吸入口装有过滤装置,当其靠在井壁上吸取地层流体时,可有效避免堵塞,使流体持续流动。该探头可实时监测滤液的清除情况,提取未污染的地层流体。该探头集成了地层动态测试器（MDT）,一次起下作业即可完成大范围的产能测试、渗透试验及地层流体取样，从而建立储层预测模型，确定流体的组分和储层的连通性。

Preliminarily study of Saturn’s upper atmosphere density by observing Cassini plunging via China’s deep space station

When the Cassini spacecraft finally plunged into the Saturnian atmosphere on 2017 September15,China’s deep space telescope pointed to Saturn to observe Cassini and study the Saturnian upper neutral atmosphere.In this first Chinese Saturnian radio science experiment,X band Doppler velocity radio science data between the deep space telescope and the Cassini spacecraft were obtained.After removing Saturnian and solar gravity effects,Earth rotation effect,the remaining Saturnian atmosphere drag information was retrieved in the Cassini final plunge progress.Saturn’s upper neutral atmosphere mass density profile is approximately estimated based on atmosphere mass density derived principally by real orbit measurement data.Saturn’s upper neutral atmosphere mass density from 76000 km to 1400 km is estimated from the orbit measurement data,the mass density results are about from 1.4×10^-15 kg cm^-3 to 2.5×10^-14 kg cm^-3.

GE SATURNE 41医用直线加速器偏转系统工作原理及典型故障分析

本文介绍了GE SATURNE 41型医用直线加速器偏转系统的构成和工作原理,同时分析了典型故障的排除方法。

Observations of loading-unloading process at Saturn's distant magnetotail

Using in-situ measurements from the Cassini spacecraft in 2013, we report an Earth substorm-like loading-unloading process at Saturn's distant magnetotail. We found that the loading process is featured with two distinct processes: a rapid loading process that was likely driven by an internal source and a slow loading process that was likely driven by solar wind. Each of the two loading processes could also individually lead to an unloading process. The rapid internal loading process lasts for ~ 1-2 hours; the solar wind driven loading process lasts for ~ 3-18 hours and the following unloading process lasts for ~1-3 hours. In this letter, we suggest three possible loadingunloading circulations, which are fundamental in understanding the role of solar wind in driving giant planetary magnetospheric dynamics.

Space Magnetism and Superconductivity: Diamagnetic Expulsion, Meissner Effect, Magnetic Pressure and Quantum Trapping Lead to the Origin and Stability of the Saturn Rings

Existence of the magnetic field of Saturn and the temperature around 70 - 100 K nearby of it bring us to the idea of diamagnetism and superconductivity of the rings particles. The rings could emerge from the icy particles moving on chaotic orbits around Saturn within protoplanetary cloud. After appearance of the magnetic field of Saturn all chaotic orbits of icy particles start to shift to the magnetic equator plane, where there is a minimum of the particles magnetic energy, due to diamagnetic force of expulsion like Meissner phenomenon. Each particle comes to the stable position preventing its own horizontal and vertical shift. Particles are locked within three-dimensional magnetic well due to Abrikosov quantum vortex phenomenon for superconductor. This mechanism is valid and it works even particles have a small fraction of superconductor. Final picture is similar to the picture of iron particles forms the same shape around a magnet on laboratory table. Any other phenomena like gravity resonances, dusty plasma and others may bring some peculiarities to the final picture of the rings. It follows that magnetic field of Saturn and low temperature around of it are the main reason for the rings origin and the rings is product of the early time of the magnetic field of Saturn appearance. Additional matter to the rings also may come from the frozen water particles generated from the Saturn sputniks geysers due to magnetic coupling between planet and satellites. The data of Cassini mission to Saturn rings are conforming suggested theory of their origin and existence.

Quantum Locking and the Meissner Effect Lead to the Origin and Stability of the Saturn Rings System

It is demonstrated how superconducting iced particles of the protoplanetary cloud of Saturn are coming to magnetic equator plane and create the stable enough rings disk. There are two steps. First, after appearance of the Saturn magnetic field due to Meissner phenomenon, all particles orbits are moving to the magnetic equator plane. Finally they become distributed as rings and gaps like iron particles around magnet on laboratory table. And they are separated from each other by the magnetic field expelled from them. It takes up to few tens of thousands years with ten meters rings disk thickness. Second, because of quantum locking all particles become to be locked within magnetic well at the magnetic equator plane due to Abrikosov vortex for superconductor. Finally each particle is locked within three-dimensional magnetic well. It works even when particles have small fraction of superconductor. During the rings evolution some contribution to the disk also could come from the collision-generated debris of the current moon, coming meteorites and from the geysers like it happened due to magnetic coupling of Saturn and Enceladus. The rings are relict of the early days of the magnetic field of Saturn system.

About Role of Electromagnetism to the Saturn Rings Origin<br/>—To the Unified Theory of the Planetary Rings Origin

Experimental data observation of the Saturn rings points to the conjecture that the particles constituting the rings may be superconductive. The main argument for this based on the fact that Saturn has a magnetic field and the temperature in its vicinity is low enough. Electromagnetic modeling shows the rings system emerges some time after appearance of the planetary magnetic field. Rings can be a result of the interaction of the superconducting carbon doped ice particles of the protoplanetary cloud with the nonuniform magnetic field. At the beginning all Keplerian orbits of the particles are located within protoplanetary cloud. After appearance of the magnetic field of Saturn, all iced particles demonstrate superconductivity and their orbits start to move to the magnetic equator plane where there is a minimum of magnetic energy. And then particles redistributed like iron particles nearby magnet on laboratory table forming system of rings and gaps. But rings particles are not stuck together because of Meissner phenomenon. The gravitational resonances and other interactions also play an important role and they help bring the order to the system of rings and gaps. It becomes to be clear why the rings appear only for the planets with magnetic field outside the asteroid belt such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Inside the asteroid belt Sun’s heat is destroying superconductivity. Scenario of the rings creation for all planets could be the same. So we are coming to the unified theory of the rings origin. The presented model allows enriching the well-known theories that treat gravitational, mechanical, gas-plasma, dusty plasma and magnetohydrodynamic interactions in a consistent way.

Could Superconductivity Contribute to the Saturn Rings Origin?

The article shows how the phenomenon of superconductivity can contribute to the origin of Saturn rings. The main argument for this coming from the general physics consideration and based on the fact that Saturn has a magnetic field, and the temperature of the environment in its vicinity is low enough to think about superconductivity.

Superconductivity of Saturn Rings: Quantum Locking, Rings Disc Thickness and Its Time Creation

The article demonstrates how rings disc of Saturn was created after appearance of the planetary magnetic field from superconducting iced particles of the protoplanetary cloud moving around planet by chaotic orbits. It is based on the fact that Saturn has magnetic field and the temperature of its vicinity is low enough to have superconductivity. Electromagnetic simulation estimates time of rings disc formation with the thickness about few meters from a few thousand years up to few tens of thousands of years. A rings disk has a stable structure located within magnetic equator of Saturn due to quantum locking of the particles by planetary magnetic field. Also may happened contribution to the rings disc from the debris of the moons migrated inward towards Saturn and particles of the frozen water coming from the geyser of the geologically active satellite (as Enceladus contributed to the E-ring). Suggested mechanism of the rings formation works even in case where only a small fraction of the particles poses superconductivity. Presented electromagnetic modeling of the role of superconducting iced particles of the rings disc origin, dynamics and evolution allow us to enrich the classical theories based on gravitational, mechanical, magnetohydrodynamic and plasma interactions.

Oblateness Effect of Saturn on Halo Orbits of L1 and L2 in Saturn-Satellites Restricted Three-Body Problem

The Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem (CRTBP) with more massive primary as an oblate spheroid with its equatorial plane coincident with the plane of motion of the primaries is considered to generate the halo orbits around L1 and L2 for the seven satellites (Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Titan and Iapetus) of Saturn in the frame work of CRTBP. It is found that the oblateness effect of Saturn on the halo orbits of the satellites closer to Saturn has significant effect compared to the satellites away from it. The halo orbits L1 and L2 are found to move towards Saturn with oblateness.

GE Fanuc自动化解决方案让Saturn安驰无忧

迄今为止，CIMPLICITY还未遇到任何不能解决的挑战，系统允许CIMPLICITY为Saturn的生产，对老的GM装配厂进行重新的开发，并且以一种灵活．易适应．可扩展的方式进行。

CLOSE UP：Saturn‘Technik Evolution＇

Furia Digital和Big Lazy Robot在为电子零售商Saturn制作的大胆电影广告中巧妙地融合了陈旧与机械元素。

纯美之源Rega(君子)Saturn(土星)CD播放机

Rega（君子）前段时间推出的售价约6000元人民币的Apollo（太阳神）CD播放机有一个独特的地方：使用了英国开发生产的芯片组来控制转盘机构并将从在碟片读得的数据进行解码，也说这就是Apollo的音质超越过去的Planet（行星）CD播放机的重要原因之一。

天朗SATURN DC6Ti音箱

天朗的SATURN系列由DC6Ti、DC8Ti两款主音箱组成。在很多时候，一个音响发烧友对器材的要求可能是无止境的。这表现在两个方面，一是，就价格来说，发烧友总是希望自己把玩的器材越朝高价位走越好；二是，就音效而言，发烧友还希望自己的器材能够有很强劲的潜力，可以经由周边器材的不同搭配，产生历久弥新的效果。

有机空间 首尔SATURN BATH展示馆

有机——0rqanic，笼统说来就是一种“内在联系”，所谓“有机体”即是一个不可分割的整体，总体属于局部，局部属于总体，就像人类与自然生态的关系。而同样的，建筑也是自然的一部分，也是有机体。有机建筑理论于20世纪二三十年代提出，赖特说有机建筑就是自然的建筑，自然界是有机的，建筑设计应该从自然中得到启示，使建筑成为地面上一个基本的和谐要素，从属于自然，这才是真正的建筑。因此一个有机的空间一定是以自然界为基本和设计灵感来源，崇尚自然并赋予其生命。