SDGSAT-1: Capabilities for Monitoring and Evaluating SDG Indicators

SDGSAT-1,the world's first science satellite dedicated to assisting the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda,has been operational for over two and a half years.It provides valuable data to aid in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals internationally.Through its Open Science Program,the satellite has maintained consistent operations and delivered free data to scientific and technological users from 88 countries.This program has produced a wealth of scientific output,with 72 papers,including 28 on data processing methods and 44 on applications for monitoring progress toward SDGs related to sustainable cities,clean energy,life underwater,climate action,and clean water and sanitation.SDGSAT-1 is equipped with three key instruments:a multispectral imager,a thermal infrared spectrometer,and a glimmer imager,which have enabled ground-breaking research in a variety of domains such as water quality analysis,identification of industrial heat sources,assessment of environmental disaster impacts,and detection of forest fires.The precise measurements and ongoing monitoring made possible by this invaluable data significantly advance our understanding of various environmental phenomena.They are essential for making well-informed decisions on a local and global scale.Beyond its application to academic research,SDGSAT-1 promotes global cooperation and strengthens developing countries'capacity to accomplish their sustainable development goals.As the satellite continues to gather and distribute data,it plays a pivotal role in developing strategies for environmental protection,disaster management and relief,and resource allocation.These initiatives highlight the satellite's vital role in fostering international collaboration and technical innovation to advance scientific knowledge and promote a sustainable future.

基于SDGs以及旅游竞争力指数的旅游型城市的可持续发展评估——以张家界市为例

建立旅游型城市可持续发展评价技术体系是科学识别旅游型城市发展问题、定量评估其可持续发展状况的关键举措。基于联合国可持续发展目标体系(SDGs)和旅游竞争力指数标准化定量评估,构建了由3大系统、12个支柱、17个独立指标组成的旅游型城市可持续发展评价指标体系,采用基于变异系数—熵权法的指标线性加权判断方法,并引入耦合度及耦合协调度分析、灰色关联度分析、障碍度分析法等技术方法分析张家界市2011—2020年连续10年的可持续发展水平。结果表明:①旅游型城市的可持续发展需依赖景观资源系统的主导作用、经济动力系统的支持作用以及社会治理系统的辅助作用的共同发展来实现。②根据SDGs匹配与张家界市可持续发展的需求,三大系统与SDG可进行匹配。③张家界市可持续发展综合水平已经达到中等可持续发展阶段,系统间的耦合协调度逐步提高,张家界市可持续发展整体呈良性发展。

面向SDGs的黄土高原地区可持续发展水平测度、时空分异及未来趋势研究

联合国2030年可持续发展目标(sustainable development goals,SDGs)的本土化是现阶段落实SDGs的核心任务。针对现有研究空间尺度大、时间尺度短的特点,以黄土高原地区348个县域作为研究区,通过构建指标体系以及采用莫兰指数评估2000—2020年可持续发展水平及时空演进特征,并利用灰色马尔科夫模型对未来可持续发展趋势进行探究。结果表明:黄土高原地区可持续发展水平在2000—2020年呈波动式上升,与中国整体平均水平间的差距逐渐缩小。各县域发展存在一定差距,青海省所辖县域处于绝对的劣势地位。各县域之间的空间正向关联性逐渐缩小,高-高聚集地区越来越多,未来10年可持续发展水平将持续提高。

Role of self-help groups on socioeconomic development and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)among rural women in Cooch Behar District,India

This study examines the transformative role of self-help groups(SHGs)in the socioeconomic development of rural women in Cooch Behar District,India,and their contribution toward achieving Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)of the United Nations.In this study,we explored the effect of SHGs on rural women by specifically addressing SDGs,such as no poverty(SDG 1),zero hunger(SDG 2),good health and well-being(SDG 3),quality education(SDG 4),and gender equality(SDG 5).Given this issue,a cross-sectional survey and comparison analyses are needed to assess the socioeconomic development of rural women and their awareness level before and after the participation of rural women in SHGs.The survey conducted as part of this study was divided into three sections,namely,demographic characteristics,socioeconomic development,and awareness level,with each focusing on different aspects.A group of 400 individuals who were part of SHGs completed the questionnaire survey form.The results showed that the participation of rural women in SHGs significantly improved their socioeconomic development and awareness level,as supported by both mean values and t test results.Memberships in SHGs and microcredit programs were the major elements that boosted the socioeconomic development of rural women,which also achieves SDGs 1,2,3,4,and 5.This study revealed that participation in SHGs and related financial services significantly aided rural women in economically disadvantaged communities in accumulating savings and initiating entrepreneurial ventures.Moreover,participation in SHGs was instrumental in enhancing the self-confidence,self-efficacy,and overall self-esteem of rural women.Finally,doing so enabled them to move more freely for work and other activities and to make family and common decisions.

Spatial differences of Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)among counties(cities)on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains

The county(city)located on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains is the primary area to solidify and extend the success of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China in poverty alleviation.Its Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)are intertwined with the concerted economic and social development of Xinjiang and the objective of achieving shared prosperity within the region.This study established a sustainable development evaluation framework by selecting 15 SDGs and 20 secondary indicators from the United Nations’SDGs.The aim of this study is to quantitatively assess the progress of SDGs at the county(city)level on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains.The results indicate that there are substantial variations in the scores of SDGs among the nine counties and one city located on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains.Notable high scores of SDGs are observed in the central and eastern regions,whereas lower scores are prevalent in the western areas.The scores of SDGs,in descending order,are as follows:62.22 for Minfeng County,54.22 for Hotan City,50.21 for Qiemo County,42.54 for Moyu County,41.56 for Ruoqiang County,41.39 for Qira County,39.86 for Lop County,38.25 for Yutian County,38.10 for Pishan County,and 36.87 for Hotan County.The performances of SDGs reveal that Hotan City,Lop County,Minfeng County,and Ruoqiang County have significant sustainable development capacity because they have three or more SDGs ranked as green color.However,Hotan County,Moyu County,Qira County,and Yutian County show the poorest performance,as they lack SDGs with green color.It is important to establish and enhance mechanisms that can ensure sustained income growth among poverty alleviation beneficiaries,sustained improvement in the capacity of rural governance,and the gradual improvement of social security system.These measures will facilitate the effective implementation of SDGs.Finally,this study offers a valuable support for governmental authorities and relevant departments in their decision-making processes.In addition,these results hold significant reference value for assessing SDGs at the county(city)level,particularly in areas characterized by low levels of economic development.

Special Issue on the Recent Trends of GeoAI Techniques for SDGs

Reliable and up-to-date geospatial data plays a fundamental role in Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)monitoring.Aiming to providing such geospa-tial data,numerous algorithms,solutions and frame-works have been developed in recent years.A mong oth-ers,A rtificial Intelligence(AI)based techniques have been widely used for the tasks of processing geospatial data.Nowadays,this topic is blooming so fast and to a vast extent in the field of Geomatics that a new subdo-main seems to arise,namely GeoAI[1-2].Even for a very quick and brief glance inthe Internet,people can find a lot of applications,projects,blogs and research articles about GeoAI,w hereas new approaches to GeoAI have been proposed and tested.

金砖国家可持续发展评价——基于SDGs指标分析

联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)是2030年可持续发展议程的核心内容,全球可持续发展指标框架以此为基础,用多领域指标监测可持续发展进展。金砖国家是由新兴大国发起的国际合作机制,在世界事务中的影响力日益增强,并对联合国实现2030年可持续发展目标发挥重要的作用。该评估以金砖国家实现2030年可持续发展目标为基础,围绕可持续发展的经济、社会、资源环境协调发展的核心理念,对标SDGs的目标与指标,建立适合金砖国家实现可持续发展目标的评价指标体系,为金砖国家实现《2030年可持续发展议程》提供指标建议。本文选取2015-2020年为研究时间,采用联合国可持续发展目标全球指标数据库中的可用指标,并以世界银行、教科文组织和国际能源组织等相关指标作为补充,建立社会、经济、环境发展三位一体的评价指标体系,对金砖国家的可持续发展状况进行初步评价。结果表明,中国、巴西和俄罗斯可持续发展水平相对较高,而南非和印度则稍显落后。就不同的发展目标而言,中国和印度在社会发展方面取得了显著增长,巴西在环境发展方面表现优异且有所提升,中国在经济发展上取得了最为显著的成就,俄罗斯实现了经济的快速增长。通过分析具体的SDGs目标发现,金砖国家要优势互补,相互借鉴,共同推进SDGs发展目标落实。

基于SDGs与乡村振兴战略的农业数字化建设——以福建省泉州市安溪县为例

在新一轮科技革命和产业变革的背景下,如何进行农业现代化,实现农业的可持续发展,已经成为中国式现代化发展中面临的问题的重要问题。2020年年底,联合国“数字千村”倡议启动,旨在通过数字化增加量产,助力SDGs实现。在一定程度上,“数字千村”与乡村振兴战略具有此呼彼应的潜在联系。数字农业作为一种新业态,对农业现代化具有重要意义。文章将乡村振兴与SDGs相结合,阐述数字农业的基本内涵、特征及其作用,并以福建省泉州市安溪县为例展开研究。结果表明,以数字农业为突破口,通过构建完善的农业产业链,打造农业的现代化经营与生产体系,可以有效推动数字化乡村建设,为乡村振兴提供强大动力,同时助力SDGs实现。

基于SDGs的广东省水资源可持续性评价

围绕SDGs水资源相关目标,构建了本土化水资源综合可持续性评价指标体系,采用熵权法对广东省及其21个地级市水资源可持续发展水平进行了综合评价,并分析了广东省水资源可持续性的现状及历史演变。研究结果表明:2010—2019年广东省水资源综合可持续性缓慢提升,可持续性时空差异、目标差异均十分明显,珠三角核心区水资源综合可持续性较高,粤东及粤西地区较低;生态环境系统对可持续性支撑度最高,其次为水资源系统与效率系统,公平系统支撑度最低;供水、蓄水能力的改善及水资源利用效率的不断提升促进了水资源综合可持续性的提升,水生态退化、水环境恶化、水资源空间失衡等因素是水资源综合可持续发展的最主要限制因素;用水效率提升目标(SDGs6.4)可持续性最高,水质改善目标(SDGs6.3)、水生态恢复目标(SDGs6.6)及淡水生态系统保护目标(SDGs14.1)可持续性明显落后,水资源综合管理能力提升目标(SDGs6.5)及陆地生态环境修复目标(SDGs15.1)可持续性尚可,水资源综合可持续性呈现效率优势与“水质污染水生态”劣势并存的态势。

面向SDGs的“海上丝绸之路”沿线国家自然资源可持续利用能力评价

围绕联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)6、14和15,构建自然资源可持续利用能力评价指标体系,包含24个目标和42个指标。引入“强可持续性”和“弱可持续性”概念,采用常数替代弹性函数和Combined Compromise Solution(CoCoSo)模型,评价2020年“海丝”沿线国家关于自然资源利用的可持续性。结果表明:1)“弱可持续性”情景下的分数普遍高于“强可持续性”情景下的分数,指标分数间的不均衡性是导致目标分数存在差异的原因。2)“海丝”沿线国家总体上在目标6.3、6.4、6.5、14.1、14.4、14.5、14.a、15.1和15.6表现不佳。3)葡萄牙、克罗地亚和意大利在任一SDG均名列前茅,苏丹、索马里和吉布提则位列倒数。4)葡萄牙、克罗地亚和希腊的综合排名最高,利比里亚、索马里和吉布提的综合排名最末。区域自然资源可持续利用能力由高到低依次是欧洲、南美洲、亚洲和非洲,其与区域经济发展水平和资源禀赋有关。5)中国应根据沿线国家在资源利用、发展水平等方面的差异,制定针对性投资与合作策略。

SDGs框架下干旱区农业生态用水效率时空格局及影响因素

基于塔里木河流域46个县(市)2015-2020年6年的面板数据,利用SBM-undesirable模型、核密度估计和Tobit模型分析流域内农业用水效率的时空格局及影响因素。结果表明:考虑了水污染的塔里木河流域农业生态用水效率呈现出逐年提高的趋势,但整体不高;流域内兵团各市和克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州的农业生态用水效率相对较高,其中又以阿拉尔市和若羌县为最高,达到了现有技术水平下的最优状态,效率值为1,而阿克苏地区和喀什地区的农业生态用水效率相对较低;农业生态用水效率值较高的县(市)主要分布在流域东部和西部边缘,研究时段内效率值分布重心呈现出自中部向西南部演进的趋势;进一步研究发现,农业水价、经济发展水平、节水灌溉技术等因素对流域农业生态用水效率的影响显著,水价越接近供水成本,对效率的提升贡献越大,节水灌溉技术和地膜应用越广,农业生态用水效率越高。研究的政策含义表明:应继续在流域内推广节水灌溉技术,除了普及滴灌设施以外,在条件适宜的区域可采用地膜覆盖来减少蒸发;应持续推进农业水价改革,因地制宜地调整农业用水价格,合理设置阶梯水价,积极探索水权交易制度。

论可持续发展目标(SDGs)在城市生态环境保护中的实施和监测——以广东省东莞市为例

本文以广东省东莞市现状为依据,集中讨论联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)在城市生态环境保护中的实施情况,阐述东莞市如何通过实施SDGs提升生态安全及环境质量、稳固生物多样性、改善水土保持,同时深入探讨污染源监测数据信息的重要性,以及它们如何帮助更准确评估东莞市SDGs的实施效果。期望通过这些分析,对国内城市实施和监测SDGs提供启示以及可借鉴、可持续的新的发展选项。

SDGs目标下浅谈可持续塑胶包装

论述了在联合国2030年SDGs目标的推动下,包装行业发展可持续包装的原因、必要性、原则性及目前面临的问题。在此基础上着重介绍了rPET材料是理想的可持续包装用材料。

基于SDGs的“未来小公民”项目化课程开发与实践

新课标提出要以核心素养为基,变革育人方式,用结构化、项目式的学习内容和活动,培育新时代的社会主义建设者和接班人。学校近年来深耕实践的项目化学习与这一目标相契合。2016年以来,杭州上海世外学校围绕项目化课程的设计与实践提出了合理的跨学科学习主张;开发出了前沿的“6C”量规测评工具及层级研判模型;结合联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)搭建起了较为完善的项目化课程资源体系。

面向SDGs综合评估的指标本地化方法与实践

针对《2030年可持续发展议程》,联合国提出开展基于统一指标体系的可持续发展目标(SDGs)量化评估与定期报告的实施路线,发现存在问题、提出改进措施、协调各国的应用实践。然而,可持续发展评价指标体系作为一种政策导向的度量工具,相关研究与应用一直存在不一致的情况,其中突出的一项就是如何针对具体的实践区域进行指标本地化问题,面临指标体系如何上下衔接、满足定量计算和综合评估需求等。本文提出了一种基于区域特征分析的指标筛选和改进方法,依托SDGs全球指标框架,通过分析研究区域特征,从适应性、可量测和全覆盖3个方面,分析SDGs每一指标的内涵与用途,经直接选取、改进、扩展或替代等处理,构建本地化SDGs指标集,并以中国德清县为例构建本地化可持续发展目标监测评估指标群。指标集被用于德清可持续发展目标综合评估分析,为区域SDGs指标本地化提供了思路和重要参考。

Are SDGs suitable for China's sustainable development assessment? An application and amendment of the SDGs Indicators in China

In order to further ensure that the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is to be implemented and the action measures of all countries are consistent, the United Nations has put forward a set of indicators to monitor and evaluate the progress of global sustainable development. This set of evaluation indicators is aimed for global and regional progress. An important feature of the evaluation indicators is that they are internationally comparable, but due to the large differences in the levels of sustainable development among countries, this framework of evaluation indicators has a disadvantage that it does not apply to tracking the progress of sustainable development at the national level. This paper focuses on the analysis of specific issues in the application of the global sustainable development indicators framework to meet the goals and targets of the UN and builds a system of evaluation indicators to assess the progress of sustainable development at the national level in China, and offers a perspective to assess China’s progress as well.

SDGs影响下的全球大学社会责任实践

为响应联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs),一股“大学社会责任”正在全球蔓延开。日本“地方知识基地推动计划”、欧盟大学社会责任计划(EU-USR)、“伊拉斯莫斯计划”、英国“教学卓越架构”等都在鼓励大学落实社会责任,这些计划和政策的实施对我国高校教学改革具有一定的借鉴和启发意义。

SDGs框架下中国可持续发展评价指标研究

联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)是2030年可持续发展议程的核心内容,全球可持续发展指标框架以此为基础,用多领域指标监测可持续发展进展。SDGs通过后,各国都将其作为自身经济社会协调发展的重要指导,中国政府也将其上升到战略层面,并与国家"十三五"规划等实践路径有机结合。然而,SDGs的评价主体是全球和区域进展,对于可持续发展程度各异的国家进行统一评价并不适用,亟待研究一套适合于中国情况的评估体系,一方面形成国内可持续发展各领域的综合现状评价,摸清基本情况,另一方面形成对SDGs评估的对标,以促成SDGs各项目标的落地。基于此背景,本文重点分析了全球可持续发展指标框架的出台过程、概念框架、以及评估应用中的具体问题,以中国落实2030年可持续发展议程为基础,以可持续发展强调的经济、社会、资源环境的协调发展为理论支撑,对标SDGs的各项目标和具体目标,构建了一套适用于中国国家层面可持续发展进展评估的指标体系,旨在形成对中国落实联合国2030年议程的评价指标建议。选择2012—2016年为研究期,综合运用层次分析法、专家咨询法构建了针对民生改善、经济发展、资源利用、环境质量综合评价的指标体系,同时与SDGs评价目标相对应。评价结果表明:可持续发展的总得分在研究期内均保持增长的趋势,可持续发展的总体态势始终改善。总分增长较快的年份,资源环境质量改善的得分也较高,其中贡献率较大的主要是与能耗和污染物排放下降相关的指标,通过现状评价明确了发展的薄弱环节,形成了SDGs框架下适用于中国评估的指标建议。

SDGs:将缤纷色彩化为绚丽彩虹

联合国振臂一挥,全球纷纷响应,2030可持续发展目标(SDGs)发布不到2年时间,已经成为众多国家、企业和各类组织的共识。联合国选择了17个色彩明亮、简明易懂的图标作为17项宏伟目标宣传标识,在全球范围传播。正是因为17项目标和每个国家、组织和个人相关,各方响应并贡献SDGs的行动也层出不穷,这一点在商业领域体现得更为明显。

面向SDGs的中国土地可持续评价指标研究

随着我国社会经济的快速发展和生态文明建设的大力推进,土地作为人类赖以生存的基础和载体,对推动人类社会可持续发展进程具有重要意义。该文基于人地关系理论,从生产、生活和生态关系角度对人地关系进行阐述,并构建了新的土地可持续理论分析框架。基于联合国2030年可持续发展议程对人类社会可持续发展提出的新要求,从土地可持续层面对全球可持续发展目标(SDGs)框架下的具体指标进行详细梳理和分类归纳,并根据中国具体国情和已有相关研究对指标体系进行了本土化改造,建立了包含生产集约、生活和谐、生态平衡3个维度的中国土地可持续评价指标体系。结合联合国可持续发展最新趋势,从产权安全、性别平等以及城乡协调等角度对未来指标设计及数据监测更新提出了相关建议。