Against the backdrop of global warming,climate extremes and drought events have become more severe,especially in arid and semi-arid areas.This study forecasted the characteristics of climate extremes in the Xilin Rive...Against the backdrop of global warming,climate extremes and drought events have become more severe,especially in arid and semi-arid areas.This study forecasted the characteristics of climate extremes in the Xilin River Basin(a semi-arid inland river basin)of China for the period of 2021–2100 by employing a multi-model ensemble approach based on three climate Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5)from the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6).Furthermore,a linear regression,a wavelet analysis,and the correlation analysis were conducted to explore the response of climate extremes to the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)and Streamflow Drought Index(SDI),as well as their respective trends during the historical period from 1970 to 2020 and during the future period from 2021 to 2070.The results indicated that extreme high temperatures and extreme precipitation will further intensify under the higher forcing scenarios(SSP5-8.5>SSP2-4.5>SSP1-2.6)in the future.The SPEI trends under the SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5 scenarios were estimated as–0.003/a,–0.004/a,and–0.008/a,respectively,indicating a drier future climate.During the historical period(1970–2020),the SPEI and SDI trends were–0.003/a and–0.016/a,respectively,with significant cycles of 15 and 22 a,and abrupt changes occurring in 1995 and 1996,respectively.The next abrupt change in the SPEI was projected to occur in the 2040s.The SPEI had a significant positive correlation with both summer days(SU)and heavy precipitation days(R10mm),while the SDI was only significantly positively correlated with R10mm.Additionally,the SPEI and SDI exhibited a strong and consistent positive correlation at a cycle of 4–6 a,indicating a robust interdependence between the two indices.These findings have important implications for policy makers,enabling them to improve water resource management of inland river basins in arid and semi-arid areas under future climate uncertainty.展开更多
随着技术不断进步和用户对高清、超高清内容需求的增加,4K超高清融媒体播出系统日渐成为广播电视领域研究的热点。本文对基于串行数字接口(SDI,Serial Digital Interface)的4K超高清融媒体播出系统的设计与实现进行了详细介绍,包括相关...随着技术不断进步和用户对高清、超高清内容需求的增加,4K超高清融媒体播出系统日渐成为广播电视领域研究的热点。本文对基于串行数字接口(SDI,Serial Digital Interface)的4K超高清融媒体播出系统的设计与实现进行了详细介绍,包括相关概述、系统设计和具体应用等。展开更多
在广播电视行业,4K、8K超高清技术的快速发展,对于信号传输产生了更高的要求,需要更高的带宽和更低的延迟。在这种情况下,传统的串行数字接口(Serial Digital Interface,SDI)技术已经不能满足,需要向网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP...在广播电视行业,4K、8K超高清技术的快速发展,对于信号传输产生了更高的要求,需要更高的带宽和更低的延迟。在这种情况下,传统的串行数字接口(Serial Digital Interface,SDI)技术已经不能满足,需要向网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP)化转化。针对SDI技术的局限性以及IP技术的优势进行阐述,发现IP化不仅可以提升传输效率、降低传输成本,还可以促进广播电视行业的创新和发展。展开更多
随着基于电影和电视工程师协会(The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers,SMPTE)ST 2110标准的网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP)化电视系统越来越多,传统串行数字接口(Serial Digital Interface,SDI)架构电视系统测...随着基于电影和电视工程师协会(The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers,SMPTE)ST 2110标准的网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP)化电视系统越来越多,传统串行数字接口(Serial Digital Interface,SDI)架构电视系统测量方法在IP化电视系统中已不再适用。对此,详细介绍IP测量与SDI测量的区别与联系,以及IP架构电视系统测量的内容、方法及相关指标,以期在IP化电视系统出现问题时,能够通过相关测量,快速定位、解决系统故障。展开更多
近年来,广播电视技术转型向网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP)化发展的进程逐渐加快,基于IP架构的电视技术系统必将取代传统串行数字接口(Serial Digital Interface,SDI)架构,成为未来电视技术的发展方向。对以互联网协议网关(Interne...近年来,广播电视技术转型向网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP)化发展的进程逐渐加快,基于IP架构的电视技术系统必将取代传统串行数字接口(Serial Digital Interface,SDI)架构,成为未来电视技术的发展方向。对以互联网协议网关(Internet Protocol Gateway,IPG)作为关键设备搭建“SDI+IP”混合架构系统的设计方案进行深入分析,阐述电视技术系统从SDI向IP技术转型过程中尽可能实现平稳过渡的思路。展开更多
文章设计了一种基于FPGA的多路SDI视频实时采集与处理系统,旨在满足高清视频信号实时采集和处理的需求。SDI(serial digital interface)作为一种被广泛应用于专业视频设备中的标准接口,具有稳定、高质量传输等特点,逐渐成为广播、电视...文章设计了一种基于FPGA的多路SDI视频实时采集与处理系统,旨在满足高清视频信号实时采集和处理的需求。SDI(serial digital interface)作为一种被广泛应用于专业视频设备中的标准接口,具有稳定、高质量传输等特点,逐渐成为广播、电视、影视制作等领域的主流选择。SDI视频通常需要专用的SDI视频采集卡才能观测到图像,主要表现为采集设备昂贵、灵活性较差。所设计的系统主要解决了多路SDI视频信号同时采集、时序控制、图像处理和输出的技术问题。首先,使用Xilinx FPGA作为核心处理器,通过高速串行收发器(GTX)实现多路SDI信号的接收和解码,接收到的视频数据经过时序和同步控制后,通过内部存储器进行缓存;其次,设计了高效的数据流管理和控制模块,实现了多路视频信号的并行处理,并通过设计的图像处理模块实现多种实时图像处理算法,如帧缓存、灰度值提取和图像拼接等,通过FPGA内部的并行计算和优化的缓存架构,系统能够实现低延迟的实时处理;最后,设计了使用PCIe总线与上位机进行数据交互的架构,实现了对整个系统数据的传输与控制。实验结果表明,所设计的系统在多路SDI视频信号的高清实时采集、处理和输出方面具有显著的性能优势和应用潜力。未来的研究方向包括进一步优化算法性能、增加对更高分辨率视频的支持,以及应用于更广泛的专业视频领域。展开更多
基金funded by the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China(2022ZY0153)the“One Region Two Bases”Supercomputing Capacity Building Project of Inner Mongolia University,China(21300-231510).
文摘Against the backdrop of global warming,climate extremes and drought events have become more severe,especially in arid and semi-arid areas.This study forecasted the characteristics of climate extremes in the Xilin River Basin(a semi-arid inland river basin)of China for the period of 2021–2100 by employing a multi-model ensemble approach based on three climate Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5)from the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6).Furthermore,a linear regression,a wavelet analysis,and the correlation analysis were conducted to explore the response of climate extremes to the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)and Streamflow Drought Index(SDI),as well as their respective trends during the historical period from 1970 to 2020 and during the future period from 2021 to 2070.The results indicated that extreme high temperatures and extreme precipitation will further intensify under the higher forcing scenarios(SSP5-8.5>SSP2-4.5>SSP1-2.6)in the future.The SPEI trends under the SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5 scenarios were estimated as–0.003/a,–0.004/a,and–0.008/a,respectively,indicating a drier future climate.During the historical period(1970–2020),the SPEI and SDI trends were–0.003/a and–0.016/a,respectively,with significant cycles of 15 and 22 a,and abrupt changes occurring in 1995 and 1996,respectively.The next abrupt change in the SPEI was projected to occur in the 2040s.The SPEI had a significant positive correlation with both summer days(SU)and heavy precipitation days(R10mm),while the SDI was only significantly positively correlated with R10mm.Additionally,the SPEI and SDI exhibited a strong and consistent positive correlation at a cycle of 4–6 a,indicating a robust interdependence between the two indices.These findings have important implications for policy makers,enabling them to improve water resource management of inland river basins in arid and semi-arid areas under future climate uncertainty.
文摘在广播电视行业,4K、8K超高清技术的快速发展,对于信号传输产生了更高的要求,需要更高的带宽和更低的延迟。在这种情况下,传统的串行数字接口(Serial Digital Interface,SDI)技术已经不能满足,需要向网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP)化转化。针对SDI技术的局限性以及IP技术的优势进行阐述,发现IP化不仅可以提升传输效率、降低传输成本,还可以促进广播电视行业的创新和发展。
文摘随着基于电影和电视工程师协会(The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers,SMPTE)ST 2110标准的网际互连协议(Internet Protocol,IP)化电视系统越来越多,传统串行数字接口(Serial Digital Interface,SDI)架构电视系统测量方法在IP化电视系统中已不再适用。对此,详细介绍IP测量与SDI测量的区别与联系,以及IP架构电视系统测量的内容、方法及相关指标,以期在IP化电视系统出现问题时,能够通过相关测量,快速定位、解决系统故障。
文摘文章设计了一种基于FPGA的多路SDI视频实时采集与处理系统,旨在满足高清视频信号实时采集和处理的需求。SDI(serial digital interface)作为一种被广泛应用于专业视频设备中的标准接口,具有稳定、高质量传输等特点,逐渐成为广播、电视、影视制作等领域的主流选择。SDI视频通常需要专用的SDI视频采集卡才能观测到图像,主要表现为采集设备昂贵、灵活性较差。所设计的系统主要解决了多路SDI视频信号同时采集、时序控制、图像处理和输出的技术问题。首先,使用Xilinx FPGA作为核心处理器,通过高速串行收发器(GTX)实现多路SDI信号的接收和解码,接收到的视频数据经过时序和同步控制后,通过内部存储器进行缓存;其次,设计了高效的数据流管理和控制模块,实现了多路视频信号的并行处理,并通过设计的图像处理模块实现多种实时图像处理算法,如帧缓存、灰度值提取和图像拼接等,通过FPGA内部的并行计算和优化的缓存架构,系统能够实现低延迟的实时处理;最后,设计了使用PCIe总线与上位机进行数据交互的架构,实现了对整个系统数据的传输与控制。实验结果表明,所设计的系统在多路SDI视频信号的高清实时采集、处理和输出方面具有显著的性能优势和应用潜力。未来的研究方向包括进一步优化算法性能、增加对更高分辨率视频的支持,以及应用于更广泛的专业视频领域。
