Lymphomas are cancers that arise from white blood cells and usually present as solid tumors. Treatment of lymphoma often involves chemotherapy, and can also include radiotherapy and/or bone marrow transplantation. The...Lymphomas are cancers that arise from white blood cells and usually present as solid tumors. Treatment of lymphoma often involves chemotherapy, and can also include radiotherapy and/or bone marrow transplantation. There is an unquestioned need for more effective therapies and diagnostic tool for lymphoma. Aptamers are single stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides whose three-dimensional structures are dictated by their sequences. The immense diversity in function and structure of nucleic acids enable numerous aptamers to be generated through an iterative in vitro selection technique known as Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX). Aptamers have several biochemical properties that make them attractive tools for use as potential diagnostic and pharmacologic agents. Isolated aptamers may directly inhibit the function of target proteins, or they can also be formulated for use as delivery agents for other therapeutic or imaging cargoes. More complex aptamer identification methods, using whole cancer cells (Cell-SELEX), may identify novel targets and aptamers to affect them. This review focuses on recent advances in the use of nucleic acid aptamers as diagnostic and therapeutic agents and as targeted delivery carriers that are relevant to lymphoma. Some representative examples are also discussed.展开更多
核酸适配体(aptamer)是在体外采用指数富集的配基系统进化技术(systematic evolution of ligands by exponentialenrichment,SELEX)从人工合成的随机寡核苷酸文库中筛选得到的一段寡核苷酸序列(RNA 或DNA),能折叠成特定的三维空间结构...核酸适配体(aptamer)是在体外采用指数富集的配基系统进化技术(systematic evolution of ligands by exponentialenrichment,SELEX)从人工合成的随机寡核苷酸文库中筛选得到的一段寡核苷酸序列(RNA 或DNA),能折叠成特定的三维空间结构同靶物质进行高特异性与高亲和性的结合。近年来,以全细胞为靶标筛选(cell-SELEX)获得的核酸适配体在疾病相关的领域有很大的应用潜力,尤其在细胞分子的识别、生物标志物的发现等方面,但cell-SELEX 的过程复杂、难度大及获得的核酸适配体性能不佳等问题仍然制约着细胞特异性核酸适配体的进一步发展,如何高效地筛选获得核酸适配体是其应用的关键。本文总结了目前在cell-SELEX技术基础上发展起来的新方法、新策略及核酸适配体在肿瘤研究中的应用,望为相关科研人员的研究提供参考。展开更多
核酸适配子是一类寡核苷酸分子,它可由指数级富集配体系统进化(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment,SELEX)技术筛选寡核苷酸文库而获得。适配子通过与靶分子特异结合,可起到识别或抑制靶分子生物学活性的作用...核酸适配子是一类寡核苷酸分子,它可由指数级富集配体系统进化(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment,SELEX)技术筛选寡核苷酸文库而获得。适配子通过与靶分子特异结合,可起到识别或抑制靶分子生物学活性的作用。近年来,越来越多的适配子不断被应用于阿尔茨海默病等中枢神经系统疾病的研究。本文将对近年来核酸适配子在阿尔茨海默病诊断和治疗的研究进展作一综述。展开更多
文摘Lymphomas are cancers that arise from white blood cells and usually present as solid tumors. Treatment of lymphoma often involves chemotherapy, and can also include radiotherapy and/or bone marrow transplantation. There is an unquestioned need for more effective therapies and diagnostic tool for lymphoma. Aptamers are single stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides whose three-dimensional structures are dictated by their sequences. The immense diversity in function and structure of nucleic acids enable numerous aptamers to be generated through an iterative in vitro selection technique known as Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX). Aptamers have several biochemical properties that make them attractive tools for use as potential diagnostic and pharmacologic agents. Isolated aptamers may directly inhibit the function of target proteins, or they can also be formulated for use as delivery agents for other therapeutic or imaging cargoes. More complex aptamer identification methods, using whole cancer cells (Cell-SELEX), may identify novel targets and aptamers to affect them. This review focuses on recent advances in the use of nucleic acid aptamers as diagnostic and therapeutic agents and as targeted delivery carriers that are relevant to lymphoma. Some representative examples are also discussed.
文摘核酸适配体(aptamer)是在体外采用指数富集的配基系统进化技术(systematic evolution of ligands by exponentialenrichment,SELEX)从人工合成的随机寡核苷酸文库中筛选得到的一段寡核苷酸序列(RNA 或DNA),能折叠成特定的三维空间结构同靶物质进行高特异性与高亲和性的结合。近年来,以全细胞为靶标筛选(cell-SELEX)获得的核酸适配体在疾病相关的领域有很大的应用潜力,尤其在细胞分子的识别、生物标志物的发现等方面,但cell-SELEX 的过程复杂、难度大及获得的核酸适配体性能不佳等问题仍然制约着细胞特异性核酸适配体的进一步发展,如何高效地筛选获得核酸适配体是其应用的关键。本文总结了目前在cell-SELEX技术基础上发展起来的新方法、新策略及核酸适配体在肿瘤研究中的应用,望为相关科研人员的研究提供参考。
文摘核酸适配子是一类寡核苷酸分子,它可由指数级富集配体系统进化(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment,SELEX)技术筛选寡核苷酸文库而获得。适配子通过与靶分子特异结合,可起到识别或抑制靶分子生物学活性的作用。近年来,越来越多的适配子不断被应用于阿尔茨海默病等中枢神经系统疾病的研究。本文将对近年来核酸适配子在阿尔茨海默病诊断和治疗的研究进展作一综述。