Frequency Domain Fatigue Evaluation on SCR Girth-Weld Based on Structural Stress

The Steel Catenary Riser(SCR)is a vital component for transporting oil and gas from the seabed to the floating platform.The harsh environmental conditions and complex platform motion make the SCR’s girth-weld prone to fatigue failure.The structural stress fatigue theory and Master S-N curve method provide accurate predictions for the fatigue damage on the welded joints,which demonstrate significant potential and compatibility in multi-axial and random fatigue evaluation.Here,we propose a new frequency fatigue model subjected to welded joints of SCR under multiaxial stress,which fully integrates the mesh-insensitive structural stress and frequency domain random process and transforms the conventional welding fatigue technique of SCR into a spectrum analysis technique utilizing structural stress.Besides,a full-scale FE model of SCR with welds is established to obtain the modal structural stress of the girth weld and the frequency response function(FRF)of modal coordinate,and a biaxial fatigue evaluation about the girth weld of the SCR can be achieved by taking the effects of multi-load correlation and pipe-soil interaction into account.The research results indicate that the frequency-domain fatigue results are aligned with the time-domain results,meeting the fatigue evaluation requirements of the SCR.

Design of multifunctional polymeric binders in silicon anodes for lithium‐ion batteries

Silicon(Si)is a promising anode material for lithium‐ion batteries(LIBs)owing to its tremendously high theoretical storage capacity(4200 mAh g−1),which has the potential to elevate the energy of LIBs.However,Si anodes exhibit severe volume change during lithiation/delithiation processes,resulting in anode pulverization and delamination with detrimental growth of solid electrolyte interface layers.As a result,the cycling stability of Si anodes is insufficient for commercialization in LIBs.Polymeric binders can play critical roles in Si anodes by affecting their cycling stability,although they occupy a small portion of the electrodes.This review introduces crucial factors influencing polymeric binders'properties and the electrochemical performance of Si anodes.In particular,we emphasize the structure–property relationships of binders in the context of molecular design strategy,functional groups,types of interactions,and functionalities of binders.Furthermore,binders with additional functionalities,such as electrical conductivity and self‐healability,are extensively discussed,with an emphasis on the binder design principle.

RepBoTNet-CESA:An Alzheimer’s Disease Computer Aided Diagnosis Method Using Structural Reparameterization BoTNet and Cubic Embedding Self Attention

Various deep learning models have been proposed for the accurate assisted diagnosis of early-stage Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Most studies predominantly employ Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs),which focus solely on local features,thus encountering difficulties in handling global features.In contrast to natural images,Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging(sMRI)images exhibit a higher number of channel dimensions.However,during the Position Embedding stage ofMulti Head Self Attention(MHSA),the coded information related to the channel dimension is disregarded.To tackle these issues,we propose theRepBoTNet-CESA network,an advanced AD-aided diagnostic model that is capable of learning local and global features simultaneously.It combines the advantages of CNN networks in capturing local information and Transformer networks in integrating global information,reducing computational costs while achieving excellent classification performance.Moreover,it uses the Cubic Embedding Self Attention(CESA)proposed in this paper to incorporate the channel code information,enhancing the classification performance within the Transformer structure.Finally,the RepBoTNet-CESA performs well in various AD-aided diagnosis tasks,with an accuracy of 96.58%,precision of 97.26%,and recall of 96.23%in the AD/NC task;an accuracy of 92.75%,precision of 92.84%,and recall of 93.18%in the EMCI/NC task;and an accuracy of 80.97%,precision of 83.86%,and recall of 80.91%in the AD/EMCI/LMCI/NC task.This demonstrates that RepBoTNet-CESA delivers outstanding outcomes in various AD-aided diagnostic tasks.Furthermore,our study has shown that MHSA exhibits superior performance compared to conventional attention mechanisms in enhancing ResNet performance.Besides,the Deeper RepBoTNet-CESA network fails to make further progress in AD-aided diagnostic tasks.

Predictors of permanent pacemaker implantation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement-the search is still on!

Several anatomical,demographic,clinical,electrocardiographic,procedural,and valve-related variables can be used to predict the probability of developing con-duction abnormalities after transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)that necessitate permanent pacemaker(PPM)implantation.These variables include calcifications around the device landing zone and in the mitral annulus;pre-existing electrocardiographic abnormalities such as left and right bundle branch blocks(BBB),first-and second-degree atrioventricular blocks,as well as bifas-cicular and trifascicular blocks;male sex;diabetes mellitus(DM);hypertension;history of atrial fibrillation;renal failure;dementia;and use of self-expanding valves.The current study supports existing literature by demonstrating that type 2 DM and baseline right BBB are significant predictors of PPM implantation post-TAVR.Regardless of the side of the BBB,this study demonstrated,for the first time,a linear association between the incidence of PPM implantation post-TAVR and every 20 ms increase in baseline QRS duration(above 100 ms).After a 1-year follow-up,patients who received PPM post-TAVR had a higher rate of hospital-ization for heart failure and nonfatal myocardial infarction.

Evaluating the influence of a structured nursing protocol on targeted outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis patients

Objective:Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)requires comprehensive management.Structured nursing protocols may enhance outcomes,but evidence is limited.This study evaluated the effect of a structured nursing protocol on RA outcomes.Materials and Methods:In this one-group pre-post study,30 Egyptian RA patients completed assessments before and after a 12-week nursing protocol comprising education,psychosocial support,and self-management promotion.Assessments included clinical evaluation of joint counts,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and C-reactive protein(CRP)and patient-reported Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale(ASES),Health Assessment Questionnaire(HAQ),Visual Analog Scale(VAS)for pain,and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).Results:The study demonstrated significant improvements in both clinical-and patient-reported outcomes.Joint count decreased from 18.4±4.2 to 14.2±3.8(P<0.001),ESR from 30.1±6.8 mm/h to 25.5±6.8 mm/h(P<0.01),and CRP levels from 15.2±3.6 mg/L to 11.8±2.9 mg/L(P<0.01)postintervention.Patient-reported outcomes showed a marked increase in ASES score from 140±25 to 170±30(P<0.001)and reductions in HAQ from 1.6±0.4 to 1.3±0.3(P<0.01),VAS pain score from 7.8±1.7 to 6.2±1.2(P<0.001),and HADS anxiety and depression scores from 11±3 to 8±2(P<0.05)and 10±2 to 7±1(P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:A structured nursing protocol significantly improved clinical disease activity,physical functioning,pain,self-efficacy,and emotional well-being in RA patients.A multifaceted nursing intervention appears beneficial for optimizing RA outcomes.

Safety and efficacy of Kaffes intraductal self-expanding metal stents in the management of post-liver transplant anastomotic strictures

BACKGROUND Endoscopic management is the first-line therapy for post-liver-transplant anas-tomotic strictures.Although the optimal duration of treatment with plastic stents has been reported to be 8-12 months,data on safety and duration for metal stents in this setting is scarce.Due to limited access to endoscopic retrograde cholan-giopancreatography(ERCP)during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in our centre,there was a change in practice towards increased usage and length-of-stay of the Kaffes biliary intraductal self-expanding stent in patients with suitable anatomy.This was mainly due to the theoretical benefit of Kaffes stents allowing for longer indwelling periods compared to the traditional plastic stents.METHODS Adult liver transplant recipients aged 18 years and above who underwent ERCP were retrospectively identified during a 10-year period through a database query.Unplanned admissions post-Kaffes stent insertion were identified manually through electronic and scanned medical records.The main outcome was the incidence of complications when stents were left indwelling for 3 months vs 6 months.Stent efficacy was calculated via rates of stricture recurrence between patients that had stenting courses for≤120 d or>120 d.RESULTS During the study period,a total of 66 ERCPs with Kaffes insertion were performed in 54 patients throughout their stenting course.In 33 ERCPs,the stent was removed or exchanged on a 3-month interval.No pancreatitis,perfor-ations or deaths occurred.Minor post-ERCP complications were similar between the 3-month(abdominal pain and intraductal migration)and 6-month(abdominal pain,septic shower and embedded stent)groups-6.1%vs 9.1%respectively,P=0.40.All strictures resolved at the end of the stenting course,but the stenting course was variable from 3 to 22 months.The recurrence rate for stenting courses lasting for up to 120 d was 71.4%and 21.4%for stenting courses of 121 d or over(P=0.03).There were 28 patients that were treated with a single ERCP with Kaffes,21 with removal after 120 d and 7 within 120 d.There was a significant improvement in stricture recurrence when the Kaffes was removed after 120 d when a single ERCP was used for the entire stenting course(71.0%vs 10.0%,P=0.01).CONCLUSION Utilising a single Kaffes intraductal fully-covered metal stent for at least 4 months is safe and efficacious for the management of post-transplant anastomotic strictures.

Unified Description of the Three Stable Particles in Self-Action Allows Determination of Their Relative Masses

The Dirac equation γμ(δμ-eAμ)Ψ=mc2Ψ describes the bound states of the electron under the action of external potentials, Aμ. We assumed that the fundamental form of the Dirac equation γμ(δμ-Sμ)Ψ=0 should describe the stable particles (the electron, the proton and the dark-matter-particle (dmp)) bound to themselves under the action of their own potentials Sμ. The new equation reveals that self energy is consequence of self action, it also reveals that the spin angular momentum is consequence of the dynamic structure of the stable particles. The quantitative results are the determination of their relative masses as well as the determination of the electromagnetic coupling constant.

On Our Peculiar Black Hole Universe

The black hole model of the Universe evolution, accompanied by matter creation, already successfully accounting for many features of the past is discussed and further justified. It is once more stressed that even a very large object but with a big mass is in its own right a black hole. As a consequence, the extrapolation of the past predicts for the future no big crunch, nor big bounce but a steady expansion with smaller matter density.

Rolling structure from bilayer nanofilm by mismatch

A continuum theoretical scheme for self-rolling nanotubes from bilayers by mismatch is obtained by considering surface elasticity,surface stress,and symmetry lowering effects.For an ultrathin nanofilm with only several nanometers in thickness,isotropic mismatch,and isotropic surface stress usually induce anisotropic rolling behavior.The isotropic Timoshenko formula should be modified anisotropically to explain the mechanical behavior of anisotropic rolling structure of nanotubes accurately.The nanofilm rolls up in tangential direction while remaining straight in cylindrical direction theoretically.Therefore,in this paper the anisotropic shape of nanotubes is taken into consideration.Along the cylindrical direction,although it maintains straight and its residual strain is uniform,the stress varies in the radial direction due to the Poisson's effect of tangential strain.The results of the current theory applied to Si-Si nanotube,InAs-GaAs nanotube,and InGaAs-Cr nanotube systems show good agreement with the experimental data.Beside the surface elasticity effect and surface stress effect,the symmetry breaking and the anisotropic rolling structure are of great importance in theoretically describing the mechanical behavior of rolling-up of nanotubes.

Handily etching nickel foams into catalyst-substrate fusion self‐stabilized electrodes toward industrial‐level water electrolysis

The key challenge of industrial water electrolysis is to design catalytic electrodes that can stabilize high current density with low power consumption(i.e.,overpotential),while industrial harsh conditions make the balance between electrode activity and stability more difficult.Here,we develop an efficient and durable electrode for water oxidation reaction(WOR),which yields a high current density of 1000 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of only 284 mV in 1M KOH at 25°C and shows robust stability even in 6M KOH strong alkali with an elevated temperature up to 80°C.This electrode is fabricated from a cheap nickel foam(NF)substrate through a simple one-step solution etching method,resulting in the growth of ultrafine phosphorus doped nickel-iron(oxy)hydroxide[P-(Ni,Fe)O_(x)H_(y)]nanoparticles embedded into abundant micropores on the surface,featured as a self-stabilized catalyst–substrate fusion electrode.Such self-stabilizing effect fastens highly active P-(Ni,Fe)O_(x)H_(y)species on conductive NF substrates with significant contribution to catalyst fixation and charge transfer,realizing a win–win tactics for WOR activity and durability at high current densities in harsh environments.This work affords a cost-effective WOR electrode that can well work at large current densities,suggestive of the rational design of catalyst electrodes toward industrial-scale water electrolysis.

Short‐term and long‐term memory self‐attention network for segmentation of tumours in 3D medical images

Tumour segmentation in medical images(especially 3D tumour segmentation)is highly challenging due to the possible similarity between tumours and adjacent tissues,occurrence of multiple tumours and variable tumour shapes and sizes.The popular deep learning‐based segmentation algorithms generally rely on the convolutional neural network(CNN)and Transformer.The former cannot extract the global image features effectively while the latter lacks the inductive bias and involves the complicated computation for 3D volume data.The existing hybrid CNN‐Transformer network can only provide the limited performance improvement or even poorer segmentation performance than the pure CNN.To address these issues,a short‐term and long‐term memory self‐attention network is proposed.Firstly,a distinctive self‐attention block uses the Transformer to explore the correlation among the region features at different levels extracted by the CNN.Then,the memory structure filters and combines the above information to exclude the similar regions and detect the multiple tumours.Finally,the multi‐layer reconstruction blocks will predict the tumour boundaries.Experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms other methods in terms of subjective visual and quantitative evaluation.Compared with the most competitive method,the proposed method provides Dice(82.4%vs.76.6%)and Hausdorff distance 95%(HD95)(10.66 vs.11.54 mm)on the KiTS19 as well as Dice(80.2%vs.78.4%)and HD95(9.632 vs.12.17 mm)on the LiTS.

A Graph Theory Based Self-Learning Honeypot to Detect Persistent Threats

Attacks on the cyber space is getting exponential in recent times.Illegal penetrations and breaches are real threats to the individuals and organizations.Conventional security systems are good enough to detect the known threats but when it comes to Advanced Persistent Threats(APTs)they fails.These APTs are targeted,more sophisticated and very persistent and incorporates lot of evasive techniques to bypass the existing defenses.Hence,there is a need for an effective defense system that can achieve a complete reliance of security.To address the above-mentioned issues,this paper proposes a novel honeypot system that tracks the anonymous behavior of the APT threats.The key idea of honeypot leverages the concepts of graph theory to detect such targeted attacks.The proposed honey-pot is self-realizing,strategic assisted which withholds the APTs actionable tech-niques and observes the behavior for analysis and modelling.The proposed graph theory based self learning honeypot using the resultsγ(C(n,1)),γc(C(n,1)),γsc(C(n,1))outperforms traditional techniques by detecting APTs behavioral with detection rate of 96%.

CoLM^(2)S:Contrastive self‐supervised learning on attributed multiplex graph network with multi‐scale information

Contrastive self‐supervised representation learning on attributed graph networks with Graph Neural Networks has attracted considerable research interest recently.However,there are still two challenges.First,most of the real‐word system are multiple relations,where entities are linked by different types of relations,and each relation is a view of the graph network.Second,the rich multi‐scale information(structure‐level and feature‐level)of the graph network can be seen as self‐supervised signals,which are not fully exploited.A novel contrastive self‐supervised representation learning framework on attributed multiplex graph networks with multi‐scale(named CoLM^(2)S)information is presented in this study.It mainly contains two components:intra‐relation contrast learning and interrelation contrastive learning.Specifically,the contrastive self‐supervised representation learning framework on attributed single‐layer graph networks with multi‐scale information(CoLMS)framework with the graph convolutional network as encoder to capture the intra‐relation information with multi‐scale structure‐level and feature‐level selfsupervised signals is introduced first.The structure‐level information includes the edge structure and sub‐graph structure,and the feature‐level information represents the output of different graph convolutional layer.Second,according to the consensus assumption among inter‐relations,the CoLM^(2)S framework is proposed to jointly learn various graph relations in attributed multiplex graph network to achieve global consensus node embedding.The proposed method can fully distil the graph information.Extensive experiments on unsupervised node clustering and graph visualisation tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods,and it outperforms existing competitive baselines.

Acute left-sided malignant colonic obstruction:Is there a role for endoscopic stenting?

The therapy of left-sided malignant colonic obstruction continues to be one of the largest problems in clinical practice.Numerous studies on colonic stenting for neoplastic colonic obstruction have been reported in the last decades.Thereby the role of self-expandable metal stents(SEMS)in the treatment of malignant colonic obstruction has become better defined.However,numerous prospective and retrospective investigations have highlighted serious concerns about a possible worse outcome after endoscopic colorectal stenting as a bridge to surgery,particularly in case of perforation.This review analyzes the most recent evidence in order to highlight pros and cons of SEMS placement in left-sided malignant colonic obstruction.

In Band Full Duplex (IBFD) Technology for Next Generation Wireless Networks: A Survey in Cellular Networks

Next-Generation(NextG)wireless communication networks with their widespread applications require high data rates,seamless connectivity and high quality of service(QoS).To cope up with an unprecedented rise of data hungry applications,users demand more spectral resources imposing a limitation on available wireless spectrum.One of the potential solutions to address the spectrum scarce issue is to incorporate in band full duplex(IBFD)or full duplex(FD)paradigm in next generation networks including 5G new radio(NR).Recently,FD has gained the research interest in cellular networks for its potential to double the wireless link capacity and enhancing spectral efficiency(SE).In half duplex(HD)cellular networks,base stations(BSs)can either perform uplink(UL)or downlink(DL)transmission at a particular time instant leading to reduced throughput levels.Due to the advancement in the self interference reduction(SIR)techniques,full duplex base stations(FD-BSs)can be employed to allow simultaneous UL and DL transmissions at the same time–frequency resources as compared to its HD counterpart.It ideally achieves twice the throughput without any additional complexity at user-equipment(UE).This paper covers a detailed survey on FD cellular networks.A series of SIR approaches,UE-UE mitigation techniques are summarized.Various existing MAC protocols and antenna architectures for FD cellular networks are outlined.An overview of security aspects for FD in cellular networks is also presented.Lastly,various open issues and possible research directions are brought up for FD cellular networks.

Diabetes self-management education:Benefits and challenges

Diabetes mellitus has spread throughout many nations of the world and is now a serious threat.A lack of patient self‑management has been linked to this drain on global health.The consequences of diabetic patients’poor self‑management have increased a variety of complications and lengthened hospital stays.Poor information and skill acquisition have been linked to poor self‑management.Participating in a co‑operative approach known as diabetes self‑management education will help diabetes patients who want to successfully self‑manage their condition and any associated conditions.Information is one of the most important components of a diabetes management strategy.In conclusion,numerous studies have shown that patients with diabetes have poor self‑management skills and knowledge in all areas,making training in diabetes self‑management necessary to minimize the complications that may result from diabetes mellitus among the patients.This review discussed the severity of diabetes mellitus,diabetes self‑management,and the benefits and challenges of diabetes self‑management,which may aid individuals in understanding the significance of diabetes self‑management and how it relates to diabetes self‑care.

Ext-ICAS:A Novel Self-Normalized Extractive Intra Cosine Attention Similarity Summarization

With the continuous growth of online news articles,there arises the necessity for an efficient abstractive summarization technique for the problem of information overloading.Abstractive summarization is highly complex and requires a deeper understanding and proper reasoning to come up with its own summary outline.Abstractive summarization task is framed as seq2seq modeling.Existing seq2seq methods perform better on short sequences;however,for long sequences,the performance degrades due to high computation and hence a two-phase self-normalized deep neural document summarization model consisting of improvised extractive cosine normalization and seq2seq abstractive phases has been proposed in this paper.The novelty is to parallelize the sequence computation training by incorporating feed-forward,the self-normalized neural network in the Extractive phase using Intra Cosine Attention Similarity(Ext-ICAS)with sentence dependency position.Also,it does not require any normalization technique explicitly.Our proposed abstractive Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)encoder sequence model performs better than the Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit(Bi-GRU)encoder with minimum training loss and with fast convergence.The proposed model was evaluated on the Cable News Network(CNN)/Daily Mail dataset and an average rouge score of 0.435 was achieved also computational training in the extractive phase was reduced by 59%with an average number of similarity computations.

非结构网格三维斜压模型研究人类活动对海南岛清澜潮汐汊道水动力影响

清澜潮汐汊道为海南岛东部一个典型的泻湖-潮汐汊道-沙坝系统,由于其优越的自然条件而成为开发的重点区域。近几年的人类活动主要包括:口门西侧的围填工程,航道的疏浚和八门湾泻湖内的围塘工程。采用SELFE模型,结合观测资料,研究了不同人类活动对潮汐汊道的潮波、潮通量与涨落潮历时、河口重力环流、盐水入侵和河口羽流的影响。结果表明不同的人类活动其对动力的影响不同,口门西侧围填工程减小了潮汐汊道的潮差,对潮通量和盐水入侵影响很小;航道疏浚则加大了潮差和潮通量,加强了河口环流和盐水入侵;泻湖内围塘工程使潮差有所增大,但减小了潮通量,对盐水入侵的影响不显著。口门西侧围填工程改变了河口羽流的路径,而航道疏浚则使河口羽流更加向海扩散。

Current approach for Boerhaaves syndrome:A systematic review of case reports

There is no consensus on the appropriate therapeutic strategy for Boerhaave syndrome due to its rarity and changing therapeutic approaches.We conducted a systematic review of case reports documenting Boerhaave syndrome.AIM To assess the therapeutic methods and clinical outcomes and discuss the current trends in the management of Boerhaave syndrome.METHODS We searched PubMed,Google scholar,MEDLINE,and The Cochrane Library for studies concerning Boerhaave syndrome published between 2017 and 2022.RESULTS Of the included studies,49 were case reports,including a total of 56 cases.The mean age was 55.8±16 years old.Initial conservative treatment was performed in 25 cases,while operation was performed in 31 cases.The rate of conservative treatment was significantly higher than that of operation in cases of shock vital on admission(9.7%vs 44.0%;P=0.005).Seventeen out of 25 conservative cases(68.0%)were initially treated endoscopic esophageal stenting;2 of those 17 cases subsequently underwent operation due to poor infection control.Twelve cases developed postoperative leakage(38.7%),and 4 of those 12 cases underwent endoscopic esophageal stenting to stop the leakage.The length of the hospital stay was not significantly different between the conservative treatment and operation cases(operation vs conservation:33.52±22.69 vs 38.81±35.28 days;P=0.553).CONCLUSION In the treatment of Boerhaave syndrome,it is most important to diagnose the issue immediately.Primary repair with reinforcement is the gold-standard procedure.The indication of endoscopic esophageal stenting or endoluminal vacuum-assisted therapy should always be considered for patients in a poor general condition and who continue to have leakage after repair.

近岸溢油漂移扩散预测方法研究——以胶州湾溢油事件为例

近些年,由于中国经济的高速发展,原油需求逐年增长,同时海上溢油事故发生的风险也在加剧。海上溢油会严重破坏海洋环境,危害我国经济发展,加强溢油漂移扩散预报研究能够为海上溢油应急响应提供技术支撑。因此,国家海洋信息中心研发了海上突发事件应急一体化预测预警系统。该系统基于GIS平台研发,能够在二维电子海图基础上叠加相关的海洋环境动力要素信息,模拟溢油扩散和漂移态势,同时计算剩余油量,估算溢油面积以及岸线吸附程度等。2013年11月22日,山东黄岛发生输油管道爆炸事故,造成大量原油溢入胶州湾。本文利用该系统结合高分辨率大气模型WRF的三重嵌套技术和海流模型SELFE的非结构化网格加密技术,对事故溢油漂移扩散开展了预测工作。预测结果显示,油污受胶州湾内往复流的影响极大,72 h后,胶州湾内外大部分海域都将存在油污,主要集中在黄岛沿岸海域、团岛及浮山湾附近,预测扫海面积为70.32 km^2。经海事部门高分辨率卫星观测结果印证,系统模拟的溢油分布较为合理。该系统的业务化应用为相关海上溢油污染应急工作提供了一定理论依据和参考。