The coal is largely used for generation of energy in the India, and their huge exploitations cause contamination of the soil. In the present work, the inorganic contamination of surface soil in the coal basin of the c...The coal is largely used for generation of energy in the India, and their huge exploitations cause contamination of the soil. In the present work, the inorganic contamination of surface soil in the coal basin of the country, Korba is described. The concentration of elements i.e. C, O, S, Cl, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Ti, Fe, Mn and Ni in the surface soils (n = 30) was analysed by technique i.e. scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), ranged from 6.6% - 36.4%, 37.8% - 54.3%, 0.07% - 0.39%, 0.03% - 0.25%, 0.10% - 0.39%, 0.12% - 0.49%, 3.7% - 10.3%, 12.2% - 24.4%, 0.11% - 0.60%, 0.68% - 3.22%, 0.8% - 2.7%, 0.25% - 0.61%, 2.3% - 6.4%, 0.08% - 0.22% and 0.04% - 0.16% with mean value (p = 0.05) of 18.8% ± 2.7%, 49.0% ± 1.5%, 0.18% ± 0.03%, 0.11% ± 0.02%, 0.23% ± 0.03%, 0.32% ± 0.03%, 6.1% ± 0.5%, 16.9% ± 0.9%, 0.27% ± 0.04%, 1.6% ± 0.2%, 1.5% ± 0.2%, 0.41% ± 0.03%, 4.3% ± 0.4%, 0.14% ± 0.02% and 0.08% ± 0.01%, respectively. The surface soil morphology, concentration variation of elements, pollution indices and contaminant sources in the soil are discussed.展开更多
There are essentially six sources for obsidians in the Mediterranean Basin: Mount Arci in Sardinia, the islands of Lipari and Pantelleria in Sicily and Palmarola in Latium, as well as the islands of Melos and Gyali i...There are essentially six sources for obsidians in the Mediterranean Basin: Mount Arci in Sardinia, the islands of Lipari and Pantelleria in Sicily and Palmarola in Latium, as well as the islands of Melos and Gyali in the south-eastern part of Greece. Identification and quantification of principal and trace elements which compose this volcanic glass allow source tracking. The present study proposes a investigation methodology, which was developed on a sample set composed by archaeological obsidian findings from Neolithic sites in Latium; three different analytical techniques are compared: SEM-EDXS, ED-XRF and LA-ICP-MS, in order to gather a wide data set to be compared with data in literature and to be processed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for assigning a provenance to each find.展开更多
To assess the seasonality of aerosol deposition and anthropogenic effects on central Himalayas, a 1.85-m deep snow pit was dug on the northern slope of Mt. Qomolangma (Everest). Based on the morphology and energy di...To assess the seasonality of aerosol deposition and anthropogenic effects on central Himalayas, a 1.85-m deep snow pit was dug on the northern slope of Mt. Qomolangma (Everest). Based on the morphology and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) signal, totally 1500 particles were classed into 7 groups: soot; aluminosilicates; fly ash; calcium sulfates; Ca/Mg carbonates; metal oxides; and biological particles and carbon fragments. The size distribution and number fractions of different particle groups exhibited distinct seasonal variations between non-monsoon and monsoon periods, which are clearly related to the differences in air mass pathways. Specifically, the relative abundance of soot in non-monsoon period (25%) was much higher than that in monsoon period (14%), indicating Mt. Qomolangma region received more anthropogenic influence in non-monsoon than monsoon period.展开更多
文摘The coal is largely used for generation of energy in the India, and their huge exploitations cause contamination of the soil. In the present work, the inorganic contamination of surface soil in the coal basin of the country, Korba is described. The concentration of elements i.e. C, O, S, Cl, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Ti, Fe, Mn and Ni in the surface soils (n = 30) was analysed by technique i.e. scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), ranged from 6.6% - 36.4%, 37.8% - 54.3%, 0.07% - 0.39%, 0.03% - 0.25%, 0.10% - 0.39%, 0.12% - 0.49%, 3.7% - 10.3%, 12.2% - 24.4%, 0.11% - 0.60%, 0.68% - 3.22%, 0.8% - 2.7%, 0.25% - 0.61%, 2.3% - 6.4%, 0.08% - 0.22% and 0.04% - 0.16% with mean value (p = 0.05) of 18.8% ± 2.7%, 49.0% ± 1.5%, 0.18% ± 0.03%, 0.11% ± 0.02%, 0.23% ± 0.03%, 0.32% ± 0.03%, 6.1% ± 0.5%, 16.9% ± 0.9%, 0.27% ± 0.04%, 1.6% ± 0.2%, 1.5% ± 0.2%, 0.41% ± 0.03%, 4.3% ± 0.4%, 0.14% ± 0.02% and 0.08% ± 0.01%, respectively. The surface soil morphology, concentration variation of elements, pollution indices and contaminant sources in the soil are discussed.
文摘There are essentially six sources for obsidians in the Mediterranean Basin: Mount Arci in Sardinia, the islands of Lipari and Pantelleria in Sicily and Palmarola in Latium, as well as the islands of Melos and Gyali in the south-eastern part of Greece. Identification and quantification of principal and trace elements which compose this volcanic glass allow source tracking. The present study proposes a investigation methodology, which was developed on a sample set composed by archaeological obsidian findings from Neolithic sites in Latium; three different analytical techniques are compared: SEM-EDXS, ED-XRF and LA-ICP-MS, in order to gather a wide data set to be compared with data in literature and to be processed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for assigning a provenance to each find.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(20577055,31201689)Chinese Academy of Sciences-DAAD(German Academic Exchange Service)Joint Scholarship Programme Doctoral Research in Germany,and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(20110490630)
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40605034, 40771087, 40830743)the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2005CB422004)the State Key Labo- ratory of Cryospheric Sciences (No. SKLCS-ZZ-2008-1)
文摘To assess the seasonality of aerosol deposition and anthropogenic effects on central Himalayas, a 1.85-m deep snow pit was dug on the northern slope of Mt. Qomolangma (Everest). Based on the morphology and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) signal, totally 1500 particles were classed into 7 groups: soot; aluminosilicates; fly ash; calcium sulfates; Ca/Mg carbonates; metal oxides; and biological particles and carbon fragments. The size distribution and number fractions of different particle groups exhibited distinct seasonal variations between non-monsoon and monsoon periods, which are clearly related to the differences in air mass pathways. Specifically, the relative abundance of soot in non-monsoon period (25%) was much higher than that in monsoon period (14%), indicating Mt. Qomolangma region received more anthropogenic influence in non-monsoon than monsoon period.