AIM：To translate the Glaucoma Quality of Life-15（GQL-15）to Serbian language and asses its validity and reliability in the population of Serbian patients.METHODS：The study included 177 glaucoma patients.Clinical pa...AIM：To translate the Glaucoma Quality of Life-15（GQL-15）to Serbian language and asses its validity and reliability in the population of Serbian patients.METHODS：The study included 177 glaucoma patients.Clinical parameters（visual acuity,mean defect and square root of loss variance of visual field）and socio-demographic data were collected.Patients were stratified according to the Nelson’s glaucoma staging system as mild,moderate and advanced glaucoma.All patients filled out the GQL-15 and National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire（NEI-VFQ 25）.The GQL-15 was translated following the internationally-accepted methodology,and its psychometric properties were assessed by using classical test theory and Rasch analysis.RESULTS：The mean total score for the GQL-15 was 20.68±7.31.The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the whole scale was 0.89（central and near vision,α=0.24;peripheral vision,α=0.85;glare and dark adaptation,α=0.83）.Factor analysis established 4 factors（70.3% of variance）：two corresponding to the original factors and two new factors specific for the Serbian population.The GQL-15 score correlated positively with almost all clinical parameters and NEI-VFQ 25 proving good criterion validity.Correlation of the GQL-15 total score on test-retest confirmed appropriate scale reproducibility（ρ=0.96,P〈0.001）.The GQL-15 discriminated well advanced from mild and moderate glaucoma.In Rasch analysis we obtained adequate item（0.95）reliability index.Almost all items had infit and outfit mean squares in the accepted range.CONCLUSION：Serbian version of the GQL-15 demonstrates adequate reliability and validity.This version of the GQL-15is a valid instrument for evaluation of quality of life among Serbian speaking patients with glaucoma and can be applied in daily clinical work.展开更多
In the paper,the Matlab-Simulink model of simulation of operation of theŽS 413/417 series EMU(electric multiple unit)in traction and braking mode is exposed where changes are observed:stator currents of three-phase tr...In the paper,the Matlab-Simulink model of simulation of operation of theŽS 413/417 series EMU(electric multiple unit)in traction and braking mode is exposed where changes are observed:stator currents of three-phase traction motors,traction electric motor speeds and EMU,electromagnetic torque on the rotor shaft of the traction electric motor and DC(direct current)bus voltage.The model allowed review of the listed parameters for:different allowed values of contact network voltage and total voltage distortion at the place of connection of the EMU to the contact network,different mechanical loads of EMU and traction electric motor and different train speeds and rotation of traction electric motors.Appropriate conclusions were made through the analysis of the simulation results obtained.展开更多
This paper reports a loess-paleosol sequence located in the Danube River basin,Serbia,which formed at least since the latest part of the early Pleistocene,and before the paleomagnetic B/M boundary.Various magnetic par...This paper reports a loess-paleosol sequence located in the Danube River basin,Serbia,which formed at least since the latest part of the early Pleistocene,and before the paleomagnetic B/M boundary.Various magnetic parameters of the Serbian V-L1-V-S4 loess-paleosol sequence have been measured and analyzed in the Titel Loess Plateau.These parameters show a very similar magnetic behavior compared with that of the Chinese loess.There is a general positive relationship between magnetic susceptibility() and pedogenesis.The main contributors to are the magnetic grains of SP(superparamagnetic) and SD(single domain) magnetic domains,while MD(multi domain) contributes only a small percentage.The difference in between loess and paleosol mainly is caused by pedogenesis.The very fine magnetic minerals increase gradually with increasing soil development(from loess to soil),and they lead to higher.The thermomagnetic curves show thatmagnetic minerals in the loess layers are magnetite and maghemite,both providing a major contribution to.In contrast the paleosol layers mainly are composed of magnetite,with almost no or a very small amount of maghemite,as implied by a reversible thermomagnetic behavior.This indicates that pedogenic conditions during V-S3 and V-S4 strong soil development have resulted in maghemite that is no longer stable,and has been resolved or converted to other stable phase minerals.This likely indicates that soil moisture during V-S3 and V-S4 development exceeded a critical condition of maghemite stability.展开更多
文摘AIM：To translate the Glaucoma Quality of Life-15（GQL-15）to Serbian language and asses its validity and reliability in the population of Serbian patients.METHODS：The study included 177 glaucoma patients.Clinical parameters（visual acuity,mean defect and square root of loss variance of visual field）and socio-demographic data were collected.Patients were stratified according to the Nelson’s glaucoma staging system as mild,moderate and advanced glaucoma.All patients filled out the GQL-15 and National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire（NEI-VFQ 25）.The GQL-15 was translated following the internationally-accepted methodology,and its psychometric properties were assessed by using classical test theory and Rasch analysis.RESULTS：The mean total score for the GQL-15 was 20.68±7.31.The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the whole scale was 0.89（central and near vision,α=0.24;peripheral vision,α=0.85;glare and dark adaptation,α=0.83）.Factor analysis established 4 factors（70.3% of variance）：two corresponding to the original factors and two new factors specific for the Serbian population.The GQL-15 score correlated positively with almost all clinical parameters and NEI-VFQ 25 proving good criterion validity.Correlation of the GQL-15 total score on test-retest confirmed appropriate scale reproducibility（ρ=0.96,P〈0.001）.The GQL-15 discriminated well advanced from mild and moderate glaucoma.In Rasch analysis we obtained adequate item（0.95）reliability index.Almost all items had infit and outfit mean squares in the accepted range.CONCLUSION：Serbian version of the GQL-15 demonstrates adequate reliability and validity.This version of the GQL-15is a valid instrument for evaluation of quality of life among Serbian speaking patients with glaucoma and can be applied in daily clinical work.
文摘In the paper,the Matlab-Simulink model of simulation of operation of theŽS 413/417 series EMU(electric multiple unit)in traction and braking mode is exposed where changes are observed:stator currents of three-phase traction motors,traction electric motor speeds and EMU,electromagnetic torque on the rotor shaft of the traction electric motor and DC(direct current)bus voltage.The model allowed review of the listed parameters for:different allowed values of contact network voltage and total voltage distortion at the place of connection of the EMU to the contact network,different mechanical loads of EMU and traction electric motor and different train speeds and rotation of traction electric motors.Appropriate conclusions were made through the analysis of the simulation results obtained.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40830105,41072124 and 41021091)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (0710KJZ A024)
文摘This paper reports a loess-paleosol sequence located in the Danube River basin,Serbia,which formed at least since the latest part of the early Pleistocene,and before the paleomagnetic B/M boundary.Various magnetic parameters of the Serbian V-L1-V-S4 loess-paleosol sequence have been measured and analyzed in the Titel Loess Plateau.These parameters show a very similar magnetic behavior compared with that of the Chinese loess.There is a general positive relationship between magnetic susceptibility() and pedogenesis.The main contributors to are the magnetic grains of SP(superparamagnetic) and SD(single domain) magnetic domains,while MD(multi domain) contributes only a small percentage.The difference in between loess and paleosol mainly is caused by pedogenesis.The very fine magnetic minerals increase gradually with increasing soil development(from loess to soil),and they lead to higher.The thermomagnetic curves show thatmagnetic minerals in the loess layers are magnetite and maghemite,both providing a major contribution to.In contrast the paleosol layers mainly are composed of magnetite,with almost no or a very small amount of maghemite,as implied by a reversible thermomagnetic behavior.This indicates that pedogenic conditions during V-S3 and V-S4 strong soil development have resulted in maghemite that is no longer stable,and has been resolved or converted to other stable phase minerals.This likely indicates that soil moisture during V-S3 and V-S4 development exceeded a critical condition of maghemite stability.
