Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases(SERKs)are receptor-like proteins that contain leucine-rich repeats and are involved in various signaling pathways.This study identified SERK family members in the Paulownia ...Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases(SERKs)are receptor-like proteins that contain leucine-rich repeats and are involved in various signaling pathways.This study identified SERK family members in the Paulownia fortunei genome and analyzed their characteristics and expression profiles using bioinformatics methods.We identified 12 SERK genes with relatively conserved gene structures and motifs that were distributed unevenly on eight Paulownia chromosomes.The gene promoters contained various cis-acting elements that regulated the expression of the PfSERK genes in response to hormones and abiotic stresses.Synteny analysis indicated that 10 segmental duplication events had occurred during evolution of the PfSERK family.The expression profile of PfSERKs in various tissues of Paulownia fortunei was detected by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).Many PfSERK genes can respond to drought and salt stress.Combined with RNA-seq and protein interaction network,it is speculated that PfSERK3/11 may participate in the occurrence of Paulownia witches’broom(PaWB)by regulating the plant height of Paulownia.展开更多
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a prominent mode of regeneration in plants. The acquisition of SE is predominantly invoked by the oxidative stress which plays an important role in signal transduction and cellular redox....Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a prominent mode of regeneration in plants. The acquisition of SE is predominantly invoked by the oxidative stress which plays an important role in signal transduction and cellular redox. Since balanced generation of oxidants is important to cellular differentiation, modulation in cell redox could be responsive to genotypic refinement for SE. To study the dynamics of cellular redox during SE, we conducted comparative expression analyses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), using two independently purified near-isogenic lines for the trait of SE. We interrogated expression changes in cell-signaling factor Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase (SERK) and activity of antioxidant Glutathione in different developmental stages including cotyledonary leaf, calli from different stages of regeneration of fully-regenerating (FR) and non-regenerating (NR) lines of Coker310 cultivar. At evolutionary scale, the cotton SERKs showed high sequence similarity in receptor kinase domain with diverse systems. Exclusively, SERK1 responsible for potential signaling processes during SE revealed significant expression up-regulation in the embryogenic calli of FR line. Similarly, activity of antioxidant glutathione was substantially up-regulated in embryogenic calli of FR line in comparison to its counterpart form. In contrast, calli from early-stages of regeneration of both FR and NR lines had no significant influences on the regulation of SERK and glutathione levels prior to the acquisition of embryogenesis. These results highlight that in vitro purification of FR line in cotton for enhanced regeneration potential (through SE) resulted in signaling and metabolic transformations of the manner in which cellular redox levels have become modulated.展开更多
Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase (SERK) family of receptor kinases is functionally diverse, involved in cell-to-embryo transition and controlling a number of other fundamental aspects of plant development. The mo...Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase (SERK) family of receptor kinases is functionally diverse, involved in cell-to-embryo transition and controlling a number of other fundamental aspects of plant development. The morphological transformation of somatic to embryonic cells has drawn scientific attention utmost due to remarkable genetic-switch system evolved across species. Receptor kinases having direct role in somatic embryogenesis (SE) and involved in other functions are designated as “SERK” and “SERK-like” genes, respectively. We aim for phylogenetic reconstruction to reveal major SERK groups across plant species (angiosperm to gymnosperm) for their functional diversification. Data indicate that the development of SERK proteins occurred prior to the divergence of monocots and eudicots. Also, the SERK orthology is not directly proportional to their functions. Structure prediction results identified novel transmembrane topologies, short linear motifs and O-glycosylation sites exclusively in SERK proteins than SERK-like proteins. Comparative temporal expression analyses of SERK and SERK-like genes provided significant accordance with their physiological function. The identification of intrinsic disordered regions (IDRs) exclusively in SERK proteins was assumed to perceive external stress-induced signals that may lead to rapid protein folding. In a result it switches-on the precise cellular signals essential for the acquisition of SE. Moreover, the regulatory sequences of SERK genes are evolved with unique cellular fate deciding AP2-like ethylene responsive transcription factor AINTEGUMENTA binding sites for their spatial expression in SE. Based on these analyses we suggest future avenues of research that may be imperative for elucidating the importance of SERK gene evolution in SE.展开更多
基金the Academic Scientist Fund for Zhongyuan Scholars of Henan Province(Grant No.2018(185))Project of Central Plains Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents of Henan Province(224200510010).
文摘Somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases(SERKs)are receptor-like proteins that contain leucine-rich repeats and are involved in various signaling pathways.This study identified SERK family members in the Paulownia fortunei genome and analyzed their characteristics and expression profiles using bioinformatics methods.We identified 12 SERK genes with relatively conserved gene structures and motifs that were distributed unevenly on eight Paulownia chromosomes.The gene promoters contained various cis-acting elements that regulated the expression of the PfSERK genes in response to hormones and abiotic stresses.Synteny analysis indicated that 10 segmental duplication events had occurred during evolution of the PfSERK family.The expression profile of PfSERKs in various tissues of Paulownia fortunei was detected by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).Many PfSERK genes can respond to drought and salt stress.Combined with RNA-seq and protein interaction network,it is speculated that PfSERK3/11 may participate in the occurrence of Paulownia witches’broom(PaWB)by regulating the plant height of Paulownia.
文摘Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a prominent mode of regeneration in plants. The acquisition of SE is predominantly invoked by the oxidative stress which plays an important role in signal transduction and cellular redox. Since balanced generation of oxidants is important to cellular differentiation, modulation in cell redox could be responsive to genotypic refinement for SE. To study the dynamics of cellular redox during SE, we conducted comparative expression analyses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), using two independently purified near-isogenic lines for the trait of SE. We interrogated expression changes in cell-signaling factor Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase (SERK) and activity of antioxidant Glutathione in different developmental stages including cotyledonary leaf, calli from different stages of regeneration of fully-regenerating (FR) and non-regenerating (NR) lines of Coker310 cultivar. At evolutionary scale, the cotton SERKs showed high sequence similarity in receptor kinase domain with diverse systems. Exclusively, SERK1 responsible for potential signaling processes during SE revealed significant expression up-regulation in the embryogenic calli of FR line. Similarly, activity of antioxidant glutathione was substantially up-regulated in embryogenic calli of FR line in comparison to its counterpart form. In contrast, calli from early-stages of regeneration of both FR and NR lines had no significant influences on the regulation of SERK and glutathione levels prior to the acquisition of embryogenesis. These results highlight that in vitro purification of FR line in cotton for enhanced regeneration potential (through SE) resulted in signaling and metabolic transformations of the manner in which cellular redox levels have become modulated.
文摘Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase (SERK) family of receptor kinases is functionally diverse, involved in cell-to-embryo transition and controlling a number of other fundamental aspects of plant development. The morphological transformation of somatic to embryonic cells has drawn scientific attention utmost due to remarkable genetic-switch system evolved across species. Receptor kinases having direct role in somatic embryogenesis (SE) and involved in other functions are designated as “SERK” and “SERK-like” genes, respectively. We aim for phylogenetic reconstruction to reveal major SERK groups across plant species (angiosperm to gymnosperm) for their functional diversification. Data indicate that the development of SERK proteins occurred prior to the divergence of monocots and eudicots. Also, the SERK orthology is not directly proportional to their functions. Structure prediction results identified novel transmembrane topologies, short linear motifs and O-glycosylation sites exclusively in SERK proteins than SERK-like proteins. Comparative temporal expression analyses of SERK and SERK-like genes provided significant accordance with their physiological function. The identification of intrinsic disordered regions (IDRs) exclusively in SERK proteins was assumed to perceive external stress-induced signals that may lead to rapid protein folding. In a result it switches-on the precise cellular signals essential for the acquisition of SE. Moreover, the regulatory sequences of SERK genes are evolved with unique cellular fate deciding AP2-like ethylene responsive transcription factor AINTEGUMENTA binding sites for their spatial expression in SE. Based on these analyses we suggest future avenues of research that may be imperative for elucidating the importance of SERK gene evolution in SE.
