A new type of Shipboard Meteorological Satellite Receiving-processing System

The Shipboard Meteorological Satellite Receiving-processing System (SMSRPS) is specially developed for the navigation meteorological safeguard of the Antarctic exploration ship over the sea ice area of the forth Ocean. This system can suit to the climate environment of very high temperature high moisture and very low temperature - supersaturation; it has a self-protection ability to against the hurricane - force wind over force 12 and the strong vibration during icebreaking, as well as strong magnetic disturbance. It has two sets of receiving-imagery processing systems for polar orbit low-resolution and quasi-stationary high-solution satellites. The key creation Points of this system are as follows: 1. the active gyro-control stabilization platform and a mixed mounting system of three rotating a - B and x -- y axes are used. It solved the tracing difficulties both in the low elevation angle and very high elevation angle of polar-orbit satellite, even in the status of ship moving with continuously changing its poition, direction and ship roll and pitch. 2. Imagery processing subsystem. The newest BORLAND-- DELPHI language and PASCAL language pro gramming software are used under WINDOWS 95 environment. It has a dynamic positioning nested-grid system and electric mapping grid data system. It can show the latitude-longitude of any point on the map, and marks any object such as ship, station or island, and draws the route. It can monitor cloud and temperature, forest fire, anomalous change of ocean and land. It can output satellite cloud maps of 24 bit with very high clarity. This system is very advanced in technique for the whole structure with the features of small volume, light weight and very low cost. It suits to very bad climate and ocean environment. Its imagery process ing system has complete functions with high resolution and being very easy to operate. It is not only suit to land use, but also and specially to all kinds of ship over the sea. It can be extended to domestic and international use. This system played a very important role in the 14th Chinese Antarctic Exploration Navigation, and was introduced a broad attention paid by Chinese newspapers and TV Stations.

Review of Antiswing Control of Shipboard Cranes

Shipboard cranes are extensively utilized in numerous fields such as cargo transferring and offshore engineering.The control of shipboard cranes,especially the antiswing control of payloads,has attracted much research attention due to their typical underactuation characteristics and complicated dynamics.Through comparisons of the traditional land-fixed cranes,a brief review on modeling and dynamics analysis is presented to illustrate the tremendous challenges and difficulties in controller design for shipboard cranes.A comprehensive review and brief analysis of shipboard crane control strategies are further presented.Some future research directions are also put forward for reference.It is expected that the paper will be useful for improving existing control schemes and generating novel control approaches for shipboard crane systems.

Improvement Detecting Method of Optical Axes Parallelism of Shipboard Photoelectrical Theodolite Based on Image Processing

An improvement detecting method was proposed according to the disadvantages of testing method of optical axes parallelism of shipboard photoelectrical theodolite (short for theodolite) based on image processing. Pointolite replaced 0.2'' collimator to reduce the errors of crosshair images processing and improve the quality of image. What’s more, the high quality images could help to optimize the image processing method and the testing accuracy. The errors between the trial results interpreted by software and the results tested in dock were less than 10'', which indicated the improve method had some actual application values.

Parameter Deviation Effect Study of the Power Generation Unit on a Doubly-Fed Induction Machine-based Shipboard Propulsion System

To lower the difficulty of fault protection,a doubly-fed induction machine based shipboard propulsion system(DFIM-SPS)that is partially power decoupled is presented.In such an intrinsically safe SPS architecture,a synchronous generator(SG)is employed for power generation,and the accuracy of the parameters of power generation unit(PGU)plays an important role in SPS stable operation.In this paper,the PGU parameter deviations are studied to evaluate the effects on system performance.The models of salient-pole SG,type DC1A excitation system(EXS)and DFIM are illustrated first.Besides,the corresponding control scheme is explained.For the 16 important parameters of PGU,up to 40%of parameter deviations are applied to implement parameter sensitivity analysis.Then,simulation studies are carried out to evaluate the parameter deviation effects on system performance in detail.By defining three parameter deviation effect indicators(PDEIs),the effects on the PGU output variables,which are the terminal voltage and output active power,are studied.Moreover,the increasing rates of PDEIs with different degrees of parameter deviations for the key parameters are analyzed.Furthermore,the overall system performance is investigated for the two most influential PGU parameters.This paper provides some vital clues on SG and EXS parameter identification for DFIM-SPS.

Evaluating a satellite-based sea surface temperature by shipboard survey in the Northwest Indian Ocean

A summer-time shipboard meteorological survey is described in the Northwest Indian Ocean. Shipboard observations are used to evaluate a satellite-based sea surface temperature（SST）, and then find the main factors that are highly correlated with errors. Two satellite data, the first is remote sensing product of a microwave, which is a Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Microwave Imager（TMI）, and the second is merged data from the microwave and infrared satellite as well as drifter observations, which is Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis（OSTIA）. The results reveal that the daily mean SST of merged data has much lower bias and root mean square error as compared with that from microwave products. Therefore the results support the necessary of the merging infrared and drifter SST with a microwave satellite for improving the quality of the SST. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient between an SST error and meteorological parameters, which include a wind speed, an air temperature, a relative humidity, an air pressure, and a visibility. The results show that the wind speed has the largest correlation coefficient with the TMI SST error. However, the air temperature is the most important factor to the OSTIA SST error. Meanwhile,the relative humidity shows the high correlation with the SST error for the OSTIA product.

Simulation Model of Shipboard Low Voltage Molded Case Circuit Breaker Based on PSCAD/EMTDC

A simulation model of shipboard low voltage molded case circuit breaker (MCCB) is developed based on power system simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC. The motion characteristic of the magnetic instantaneous acting trip based on electromagnetic characteristic analysis and Cassie arc model are applied into the simulation model to describe the dynamic behavior of the MCCB during short-circuit protection. The results of short-circuit interruption experiments verify the simulation model. It demonstrates that the simulation model has good prospect in optimizing the design and protection performance of MCCB.

Game Theory Algorithm of Reconfiguration for Shipboard Power System

船舶电力系统故障重构通过改变系统供电路径来恢复重要负载的供电，对增强系统的存活性有着重要意义。在多智能体（agent）架构的基础上，构建船舶电力系统博弈重构模型并提出求解方法。该模型以船舶电力系统中不同区域的agent作为博弈参与者，将船舶电力系统的重构问题转化为各agent之间的合作一竞争问题，从而保证重要负载的恢复供电。论文进一步提出该模型的求解算法，该算法首先判断博弈模式的合作与非合作属性，之后通过agent或agent联盟之间的博弈过程，计算各agent所属的负载／发电机的投切及转移策略。仿真算例表明，该算法能够快速有效地求解船舶电力系统重构问题，最大程度保证系统的存活性。

A multi-objective optimization problem research for amphibious operational mission of shipboard helicopters

Airborne landing with shipboard helicopters gradually replaces surface landing to dominate joint amphibious operations.A problem with shipboard helicopter mission planning is conducted in the context of amphibious operations.First,the typical missions of shipborne helicopters in amphibious operations are analyzed.An Amphibious Operational Mission Planning Model for Shipboard Helicopters(AOMPMSH)is established,with the objectives of minimizing the completion time of the amphibious campaign and minimizing troop and helicopter losses,taking the available operational resources and the order of the mission sub-phases into account.Then,a simulationbased amphibious operations effectiveness assessment model is constructed to calculate the optimization objectives of AOMPMSH by simulating the campaign development with an amphibious objective area situation transfer model and simulating the engagement process with a modified Lanchester model.A reference point based multi-objective optimization algorithm is designed to solve the proposed AOMPMSH.The population iteration mechanism employs an initial population generation method and a local search method to solve the problem of vast definition space.The population ranking selection mechanism employs a population distribution based reference point generation method to solve the problem of population irregular distribution.Finally,a simulation case with the background of a battalion-scaled amphibious campaign is presented.The calculation results verify the rationality of the proposed model and the superiority of the designed algorithm and have some reference value for the operational applications of shipboard helicopters in amphibious operations.

某型舰船设备大负载复合材料支承冲击强度试验方法研究

舰船设备支承件的冲击特性研究受到各国海军的重视,然而超过常规冲击机能力范围的冲击载荷等要求,使得开展大负载支承件冲击强度试验成为难题。以某型动力设备的大负载复合材料支承为对象,采用水下非接触爆炸的方式,以标准浮动冲击平台冲击环境为输入参数设计其冲击强度试验方法:在低速冲击条件下,通过保证冲击载荷、降低试验负载质量、提高系统安装频率的途径来设计试验装置,依据冲击谱和冲击载荷计算对应的试验冲击因子来设计强度试验工况,并得出了实际试验与设计参数之间因试验系统多个结合面对冲击载荷传递影响的折减系数。试验结果表明,复合材料支承承受的冲击载荷与要求值之间的偏差在5%以内,为今后开展类似试验提供了参考。

有源前端组网的直流船舶电网高能效运行控制

直流船舶电网为航运业绿色转型提供了有效可行的解决方案。考虑到实际船舶的运行工况,本文提出一种分层协调控制策略,主要用于有源前端组网的直流船舶电网中功率单元协调运行的设备层控制系统和功率层控制系统。其中,设备层控制系统负责实现发电机组转速的无静差跟随与不同容量柴油发电机组间的动态/稳态功率共享;功率层控制系统负责提升母线电压质量,提高系统能效。最后,利用仿真与半实物仿真系统对控制策略进行验证,结果表明该控制策略可有效提高系统运行能效,最高节省约10%的燃油。

舰用雷达阵面在不同冲击环境下的响应分析

通过理论计算和有限元仿真,研究舰用雷达阵面在不同冲击环境下的响应。文中将冲击载荷作用下舰用雷达阵面的受力模型简化为基础激励的多自由度系统,通过对受力模型的边界模态进行虚拟约束的方法计算了不同冲击环境下的响应。结果表明:舰用雷达阵面响应基本不受冲击谱参数中谱加速度变化的影响,而谱位移和谱速度对舰用雷达阵面响应影响较大。分析结果可为冲击环境下舰用雷达阵面的响应分析和影响评估提供参考。

Numerical study on flow control of ship airwake and rotor airload during helicopter shipboard landing

A numerical study on flow control of ship airwake during shipboard landing is carried out to address the effect of flow control devices on helicopter rotor airload. The in-house Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) based solver Rotorcraft AeroDynamics and Aeroacoustics Solver(RADAS), with combination of momentum source approach is employed to conduct the helicopter shipboard landing simulation. The control effects of three aerodynamic modifications of ship superstructure, i.e. ramp, notch and flap, in different Wind-Over-Deck(WOD) conditions are discussed.From the steady simulation results, the effect of spatial variation of ship airwake on rotor airloads is concluded. The aerodynamic modifications reduce the strength of shedding vortex and increase rotor normal force through delaying and relieving flow separation, and therefore are beneficial to alleviate the limitation of control inputs. By contrast, the perturbation of unsteady ship airwake can cause the serious oscillation of rotor forces during shipboard landing. The unsteady simulations show that the turbulence intensity of ship airwake and oscillatory rotor airloading, represented by Root-Mean-Square(RMS) loading, can be remarkably reduced by the ramp and notch modifications, while the flap modification has adverse effect. It means that flow control devices have large potential benefits to alleviate the pilot's workload and improve the shipboard landing safety, but they should be well designed to avoid the introduction of more vortex, which leads to increase in disturbance of flow field.

Modeling and Control of the Pulley Buffer System of Arresting Cable for Shipboard Aircraft Based on Magneto-Rheological Fluid

Taking the MK7-3 of USA hydraulic buffer arresting device as the research subject,the dynamical model for the shipboard aircraft arresting system is established,and the magneto-rheological(MR) damper is applied to pulley shock absorbers for shipboard aircraft block system.Due to the effect of the MR damper has not been known completely and so far MR damper model has not been defined,we use a set of characteristic test of the MR damper,through the process of parameters identification,to establish the dynamical model for the MR damper based on the Bingham plastic model.Then,the fuzzy control rules are designed,the buffer control for the pulley buffer of shipboard aircrafts is completed in touchdown moment based on MR technology. Compared with blocking device of hydraulic pulley buffer in the same condition,the simulations results show that the proposed MR pulley buffer can effectively recognize the impact energy for shipboard block system and reduce the pull peak of arresting cable.It improves significantly safety during landing of the air vehicles and lowers the risk of accidents.

舰船电力系统自组织临界特性分析

基于自组织临界理论,以直流潮流为基础,建立了舰船电力系统连锁停电的OPA模型。通过OPA模型模拟了舰船电力系统发生连锁故障的过程并揭示出舰船电力系统发生大停电事故的本质;研究了线路可靠性和线路容量对系统停电分布的影响,结果表明,增强线路可靠性和提高线路容量有利于系统抵御连锁故障。此外,对比环形舰船电网结构和辐射型舰船电网结构的停电规模分布,从系统自组织临界特性的角度验证环形舰船电网结构可靠性更高。

船用核安全级电缆研制

通过分析特殊功能和环境适应性需求下船用核安全级电缆的分类和性能要求,进行了船用核安全级控制和仪表通信电缆的结构设计、材料选择和试制开发,后对试制电缆产品进行全性能测试。结果表明,该产品达到设计要求。

Shipboard bilge water treatment by electrocoagulation powered by microbial fuel cells

Ships generate large amounts of wastewater including oily bilge water, blackwater and greywater. Traditionally they are treated separately with high energy consumption. In this study we demonstrate the feasibility that these waste streams can be treated using an integrated electrocoagulation cell (ECC) and microbial fuel cell (MFC) process, which not only synergized the contaminants removal but also accomplished energy neutrality by directly powering EC with MFC electricity. Results showed that MFC stack powered ECC removed 93% of oily organics, which is comparable to the performance of an external DC voltage powered ECC. In the meantime, more than 80% of COD was removed from MFCs when fed with either acetate or municipal wastewater. Moreover, the ECC electrode area and distance showed notable effects on current generation and contaminants removal, and further studies should focus on operation optimization to enhance treatment efficiency.

Fault Reconfiguration of Shipboard Power System Based on Triple Quantum Differential Evolution Algorithm

Fault reconfiguration of shipboard power system is viewed as a typical nonlinear and multi-objective combinatorial optimization problem. A comprehensive reconfiguration model is presented in this paper, in which the restored loads, switch frequency and generator efficiency are taken into account. In this model, analytic hierarchy process(AHP) is proposed to determine the coefficients of these objective functions. Meanwhile, a quantum differential evolution algorithm with triple quantum bit code is proposed. This algorithm aiming at the characteristics of shipboard power system is different from the normal quantum bit representation. The individual polymorphic expression is realized, and the convergence performance can be further enhanced in combination with the global parallel search capacity of differential evolution algorithm and the superposition properties of quantum theory. The local optimum can be avoided by dynamic rotation gate. The validity of algorithm and model is verified by the simulation examples.

水运工程船载智能化固结仪的研发与应用

在水运工程勘察中,固结试验是常用测定土的压缩性参数的室内试验方法,也是研究土的强度及结构关系的重要手段。固结仪是室内土工固结试验的主要仪器设备。在分析国内外现有固结试验设备性能的基础上,针对现有固结仪体积大、噪声大、抗晃动性能差、智能化程度低、不适用于水运工程船载实验室使用等问题,研发了一套已获得实用新型专利的船载智能化固结仪。试验表明:该仪器不仅性能稳定、量测精度高,且具有结构简单、操作简便、智能化程度高、船载性能优越等特点。新型船载智能化固结仪具有广阔的市场应用前景,特别适用于移动类的土工实验室。

虚实结合的地球科学海上综合实践教学共享平台的构建与实践

我国地球科学海上实践教学共享平台的建设远不成熟,制约了拔尖型海洋特色地球科学人才的培养。本文系统介绍了中国海洋大学近10年来地球科学海上实践教学平台的建设模式与成效。通过打造海上实践教学支撑体系、构建“三位一体”的实践教学资源、建成交互式海上实践教学虚拟仿真系统和探索虚实结合的海上实践教学共享模式等举措,建成了虚实结合的地球科学海上综合实践教学共享平台。平台为国内多所高校地球科学人才培养提供了支撑,也为地球科学实践教学平台建设提供有益示范。

Constrained Moving Path Following Control for UAV With Robust Control Barrier Function

This paper studies the moving path following(MPF)problem for fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)under output constraints and wind disturbances.The vehicle is required to converge to a reference path moving with respect to the inertial frame,while the path following error is not expected to violate the predefined boundaries.Differently from existing moving path following guidance laws,the proposed method removes complex geometric transformation by formulating the moving path following problem into a second-order time-varying control problem.A nominal moving path following guidance law is designed with disturbances and their derivatives estimated by high-order disturbance observers.To guarantee that the path following error will not exceed the prescribed bounds,a robust control barrier function is developed and incorporated into controller design with quadratic program based framework.The proposed method does not require the initial position of the UAV to be within predefined boundaries.And the safety margin concept makes error-constraint be respected even if in a noisy environment.The proposed guidance law is validated through numerical simulations of shipboard landing and hardware-in-theloop(HIL)experiments.