SILLS软件在单个萤石流体包裹体LA-ICP-MS微量元素分析数据处理中的应用

近年来激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)应用于单个流体包裹体成分定量分析已成为研究流体包裹体的最佳手段之一。该实验过程和数据处理比较复杂,目前国内外采用的数据分析软件为一款基于MATLAB的SILLS软件,该软件主要是对矿物(锆石)、流体包裹体以及熔体包裹体LA-ICP-MS分析结果进行处理。本文以萤石流体包裹体LA-ICP-MS分析为例,阐述了样品制备与流体包裹体的优选方法,对流体包裹体片厚度以及单个流体包裹体的选取要求作了详细描述,对仪器参数设置、内外标样选取和剥蚀方法等进行了说明。基于SILLS软件采用尖峰消除的方法对待处理数据进行校正,对不同种类型的波峰进行峰宽的选取。在元素比值校正和等效盐度计算过程中,由于被测样品是萤石,Ca元素具有较高的背景值,选择以Na作为流体包裹体的内标元素,以Ca作为寄主矿物的内标元素对寄主矿物浓度进行计算,同时提出以电价平衡代替质量平衡进行等效盐度计算。以上方案提高了LA-ICP-MS分析单个萤石流体包裹体的准确性,有助于解释成矿流体来源和矿床成因等问题。

Petrogenesis of the～2115 Ma Haicheng Mafic Sills in the Eastern North China Craton and Their Implications for An Intra-Continental Rifting

It is well known that there are widespread igneous events at;100 Ma in the Eastern North China Craton;however,their tectonic environments are controversial.They were thought to be either related to an intra-continental rifting or

Geochemistry and petrology of rift-related mafic sills and arc-related Gabbro–Diorite bodies, Northern Bafq District,Central Iran

Two types of mafic intrusions have been recognized in the north of the Bafq district, Central Iran. A number of olivine-gabbroic to gabbroic sills intruded the Rizu Formation, comprised of alternating carbonate and volcanic rocks. Mineralogical data show that olivine + pyroxene +brown amphibole(kaersutite) + calcic plagioclase +opaque comprise the olivine-gabbroic rocks, and intermediate(or sodic) plagioclase + altered pyroxene and altered amphibole to biotite + opaque minerals the gabbroic rocks.Both rock types have shown within-plate and alkaline characters and have been presumed to be related to rift formation. The mafic-alkaline magma source of the sills is proposed to have been derived from enriched mantle.Regionally, two Gabbro–Diorite intrusions have been identified in the metamorphic complexes. Mineralogical data suggest that the pyroxene + amphibole(hornblende) +plagioclase + biotite + opaque minerals formed the gabbro to diorite intrusions. These rocks have shown characteristics of calc-alkaline and volcanic arc magmatism.

The Timing of the Palaeoproterozoic Great Oxidation Event using Dykes,Sills and Bolcanics of the Ongeluk Large Igneous Province,Kaapvaal Craton

The Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic Transvaal Supergroup of the Kaapvaal Craton,southern Africa,is one of the best-preserved and most complete stratigraphic records across a critical in juncture in the Earth’s history.

Fingered Intrusion of Shallow Saucer-shaped Igneous Sills: Insights from the Jiaojiang Sag, East China Sea

An extensive suite of igneous sills was intruded into the Tertiary sedimentary section of the Jiaojiang sag, East China Sea. This suite has been well imaged offshore through 2D and 3D seismic surveys, showing a close relationship with CO2 content in nearby gas discoveries. A new observational model, which incorporates simple upward propagation, simple horizontal propagation, and transgressive propagation, was proposed to interpret these sill intrusions. In this model, the source magma of the saucer-shaped sills was injected from their lowest points near the center. The transgressive propagation can be interpreted as a combination of the vertical and horizontal propagation. Most shallow sub-volcanic intrusions in the Jiaojiang sag exhibit fingered characteristics, both vertically and horizontally. The vertical fingered propagation produced saucer-shaped sills arranged in the flower style. Along the brims of lower sills could usually be found the upper sills, which are interpreted to have formed simultaneously with or later than the lower feeder sills. In the second type, the chilled paths of the older sills were reutilized by subsequent intrusions. The horizontal fingered propagation formed sheet intrusions that exhibit groove, lobate, tubular, and crevasse splay- like geometry in plan view. In 3D view, the sheet intrusions have still preserved the lower center and higher rim that similar with the sub-rounded saucer-shaped sills. Although fracture propagation may be important, flow inflation was the key mechanism of magma intrusion. Further consideration of the mechanisms underlying sill formation may help explain the fingered characteristics of sill propagation.

Characteristics of a Drainage Channel with Staggered Indented Sills for Controlling Debris Flows

The characteristics of a new type of drainage channel with staggered indented sills for controlling debris flows were studied. The intermediate fluid in the non-viscous debris flow exhibited a helical movement, whereas the fluid near the sidewall had a stop-start movement pattern; the viscous debris flow exhibited a stable structure between the indented sills. The experimental results indicate that the mean velocity of the debris flow increased with increasing channel gradients, and the debris flow velocity was slightly affected by the angle of the sills. The average velocity of the non-viscous debris flow increased in the range of(0.5–1.5) interval between the indented sills, whereas the average velocity of the viscous debris flow increased initially and then decreased in the range of(0.75–1.25) interval between the indented sills. The depth of the non-viscous debris flow tended to gradually increase as the channel gradients increased, whereas the depth of the viscous debris flow gradually decreased as the channel gradients increased. When the discharge of the debris flow was constant, the angle and the interval between the indented sills had a slight effect on the depth of the viscous debris flow, whereas the depth of the non-viscous debris flow exhibited a different trend, as the sill angles and intervals were varied.

著名女高音歌唱家Beverly Sills去世

世界著名的花腔女高音歌唱家Beverly Sills（贝弗利·希尔斯）因肺癌于7月2日在纽约的家中去世，享年78岁。 作为美国乃至全世界最受欢迎的女高音歌唱家，Beverly Sills的一生充满了传奇色彩。

Diabase Sills in the Outer Zone of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province, Southwest China: Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

Compositionally and texturally zoned diabase dykes and sills occur in the outer zone of the Emeishan large igneous province(ELIP) in the southern Guizhou Province,Southwest China. Based on the detailed petrology,whole rock geochemistry,zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotopes and clinopyroxene mineral compositions studies,we investigate a representative diabase sill in the Luodian region with a view to understanding its petrogenesis and tectonic implications. Formed as composite zoned sub-volcanic intrusion,the diabase sill is characterized by gabbros and diabases in the inner zone and amygdaloidal diabases sporadically in the chilled zone within the upper sill margin. The diabasic and gabbroic rocks are composed of quartz-free and quartz-bearing groups. The quartz-free group rocks have low Si O2(45.7 wt.%–49.5 wt.%),moderate Mg O(5.66 wt.%–7.88 wt.%),high Ti O2(2.54 wt.%–3.65 wt.%),and Ti/Y values(536–747),corresponding to high-Ti type rocks. The quartz-bearing group rocks have higher Si O2(49.8 wt.%–51.7 wt.%) and lower Mg O(4.23 wt.%–4.74 wt.%),higher Ti O2(3.16 wt.%–3.63 wt.%),but lower Ti/Y values(399–419) than the quartz-free group ones,and thus belong to the low-Ti type. Both groups of rocks are enriched in LREE and LILE with negative Nb-Ta anomalies,and show broad tholeiitic affinity. The precursor magma of the high-Ti rocks might have originated from a source composed of mantle plume and subcontinental lithosphere mantle components,with minor crustal contamination during ascending. The magma of the low-Ti rocks was produced by mingling of the high-Ti diabasic rocks with minor injected intermediate-acidic magma plugs or blebs,suggesting magma mingling as one of the effective ways to change the high-Ti to low-Ti rocks of the ELIP. The diabasic sill underwent a rapid cooling event probably in response to a rapid tectonic uplift event,which probably occurred in the waning stage of ELIP during transition between the Middle and Late Permian after the domal uplift induced by the mantle-plume or in the Late Jurassic.

基于SILL的阿拉伯留学生在华英语学习策略实证研究

我国高校阿拉伯留学生的数量不断增加,英语作为其日常学习交流的主要语言,重要性不言而喻。通过Oxford语言学习策略量表(SILL),对阿拉伯留学生英语学习过程中的元认知、认知、社交、补偿、情感、记忆等六个方面策略的使用频率,了解阿拉伯留学生在我国这样的非英语国家进行专业课程学习时的英语学习策略,结果发现元认知策略是最常用的策略,而记忆策略很少被主动用到。因此,在英语课堂上,教师可以考虑充分调动学生的积极性,使其日常所用和所学相结合,进一步提升学习效果。

Quaternary Intrusions from the Zhongjiannan Basin,South China Sea:Their Relationship with the Hainan Mantle Plume and Influence on Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

The transportation of magma in sedimentary basins often occurs through extensive dyke-sill networks.The role of sills on the plumbing system in rifted margins and the impact of sills on hydrocarbon reservoirs of prospective sedimentary basins has long been an area of great industrial interest and scientific debate.Based on 2D seismic reflection,we present data on how the sills emplaced to form a magmatic plumbing system of the volcanic system for the Zhongjiannan Basin(ZJNB).The results show that sixty-nine sills and fourteen forced folds have been identified.The distribution and geometry of the sills suggest that magma flowed from west to east and then ascended to near the surface.The onlap relationship of the forced folds indicates that the timing of magmatic activities can be constrained at ca.0.2 Ma.The spatial and temporal occurrences of intrusions imply that the strong post-rift magmatism in ZJNB was associated with the Hainan mantle plume arising from the core-mantle boundary.Furthermore,these forced folds could produce several types of hydrocarbon traps,due to accommodation through bending and uplift of the overlying rock and free surface,but it is critical to evaluate the effect of such emplacement when setting exploration targets.

成人Still病34例临床分析

目的：对我院开院以来收治的成人Ｓｔｉｌ病患者进行临床特征、诊断、治疗和预后的分析。方法：对１９８６年１月～１９９６年６月收治的３４例成人Ｓｔｉｌ病患者进行回顾性研究。结果：发热、皮疹、关节痛、关节炎的发生率分别为１００％、８８２％、１００％、５８８％。血沉增快及血ＷＢＣ升高见于１００％的病例。血培养阴性者１００％。大部分患者单用非甾体抗炎药不能控制病情，而绝大多数患者对激素反应好。结论：成人Ｓｔｉｌ病是一种非感染性的临床以发热、皮疹、关节炎为主要表现的疾病，本组大多数患者预后良好，２例发展关节畸形，３例死亡。

Magma chamber growth models in the upper crust: A review of the hydraulic and inertial constraints

Finite volumes of magma moving in confinement, store hydraulic potential energy for the generation,control and transmission of power. The Pascal's principle in a hydraulic jack arrangement is used to model the vertical and lateral growth of sills. The small input piston of the hydraulic jack is equivalent to the feeder dike, the upper large expansible piston equivalent to the magmatic chamber and the inertial force of the magma in the dike is the input force. This arrangement is particularly relevant to the case of sills expanding with blunt tips, for which rapid fracture propagation is inhibited. Hydraulic models concur with experimental data that show that lateral expansion of magma into a sill is promoted when the vertical ascent of magma through a feeder dike reaches the bottom contact with an overlying, flat rigid-layer. At this point, the magma is forced to decelerate, triggering a pressure wave through the conduit caused by the continued ascent of magma further down(fluid-hammer effect). This pressure wave can provide overpressure enough to trigger the initial hydraulic lateral expansion of magma into an incipient sill, and still have enough input inertial force left to continue feeding the hydraulic system. The lateral expansion underneath the strong impeding layer, causes an area increase and thus, further hydraulic amplification of the input inertial force on the sides and roof of the incipient sill, triggering further expansion in a self-reinforcing process. Initially, the lateral pressure increase is larger than that in the roof allowing the sill to expand. However, expansion eventually increases the total integrated force on the roof allowing its uplift into either a laccolith, if the roof preserves continuity, or into a piston bounded by a circular set of fractures. Hydraulic models for shallow magmatic chambers, also suggest that laccolith-like intrusions require the existence of a self-supported chamber roof. In contrast, if the roof of magmatic chambers loses the self-supporting capacity, lopoliths and calderas should be expected for more or less dense magmas, respectively, owing to the growing influence of the density contrast between the host rock and the magma.

SILL语言学习策略量表的信度研究

SILL语言学习策略量表在语言学习策略研究中被大量的使用。针对其在中国使用的具体情况对该量袁的信度进行了探索性的研究,以期对SILL语言学习策略量表在中国大学生中的使用提供更为可靠的依据。

SILL在少数民族地区初中英语学生中的应用

本文综述国内外学者对学习策略的理解,以Oxford(1990)语言学习测量表(Strategy Inventory for Language Learning)为测量工具,以民族地区某中学初三年级学生为研究对象,探讨了三个问题,即该校初三年级学生使用英语学习策略特征,分析SILL信度差异及英语学习策略与初三年级英语毕业考试成绩之间的关系。笔者同时提出如何因地制宜地运用学习策略,提高少数民族地区中学英语教学质量的建设性意见。

90后理工类大学生英语学习策略研究

利用Oxford编制的语言学习策略表对90后理工类大学生英语学习策略的使用情况进行调查。结果显示90后理工类大学生已不同程度掌握并使用了英语学习策略,在使用中他们更偏好直接策略。

A continuously stratified nonlinear model for internal solitary waves in the northern South China Sea

A continuously stratified nonlinear model is set up to study the impact of topographical character on the generation of internal solitary waves over a sill by tidal flow.One of the reasons why almost all of the generated internal solitary waves propagate westward in the northern South China Sea is explained.The model simulations describe the generation and propagation of internal waves well.When the strength of imposed barotropic tides and the water stratification stay unchanged,the steepness of the sill slope can control both(a) whether or not the waves induced over a sill by tidal flow are linear internal waves or nonlinear internal solitary waves,and(b) the amplitude of the internal solitary waves generated.If the steepness of the sill is asymmetric,the nonlinear internal solitary waves may be induced on the steeper side of the sill.These conclusions are supported by a numerical experiment with a monthly-mean stratification and an actual seafloor topography from the Luzon Strait.

Numerical investigation of the stresses in backfilled stopes overlying a sill mat

Backfill is commonly used in underground mines to help increase the ore recovery rate and reduce the ore dilution. The use of a part of mine waste as underground backfill material also helps reduce the environmental impact of mining operations. After all, backfill is used to provide a working platform or safer working space. Its primary and most important role is to improve the rock mass stability around mine openings. However, most available solutions to stress analyses were developed for an isolated stope, without taking into account the influence of mine depth, or of adjacent stopes. In this paper,results from a numerical study carried out to evaluate the stresses in backfilled stopes overlying a sill mat are presented. Mine depth and excavation of the underlying stope below the sill mat(horizontal pillar)are both taken into consideration. The influence of stope geometry, backfill, sill mat and rock properties on the stresses is also evaluated. Compared with the case of a single isolated backfilled stope, the numerical results show that the stress magnitudes in the overlying backfill are considerably increased due to the excavation of the underlying stope. In general, the stresses also increase with mine depth and backfill stiffness, while these tend to decrease with an increase in the surrounding rock mass stiffness.These results suggest that existing solutions for backfill design may need to be revised.

Early Eocene leucocratic sill/dike swarms in the Gangdese belt, southern Tibet: Tectonic implications for Indo-Asian collision

The timing of the initial Indo-Asian collision is a subject of debate for a long time.Besides,the magmatic trace of the collisional process is also unclear.In the present study,the authors report Early Eocene leucocratic sill/dike swarms in the northern edge of the Nymo intrusive complex of the Gangdese belt,southern Tibet.The Nymo intrusive complex was emplaced at ca.50–47 Ma and surrounded by the metamorphosed Jurassic-aged Bima Formation volcano-sedimentary sequence along its northern side.At outcrops,the leucocratic sills/dikes intruded along or truncated the deformed foliations of the host Bima Formation,which has been subject to high-temperature amphibolite-facies metamorphism at ca.50–47 Ma.Detailed cathodoluminescence image analyses reveal that the zircon grains of the leucocratic sills/dikes have core-mantle textures.The cores yield the Jurassic ages comparable to the protolith ages of the Bima Formation.In contrast,the mantles of zircon grains yield weighted mean ages of ca.49–47 Ma,representing the crystallization timing of these leucocratic sills/dikes.The coeval ages for the Nymo intrusive complex,the high-temperature metamorphism,and the leucocratic sills/dikes indicate that a close relationship exists among them.The authors tentatively suggest that these leucocratic sills/dikes were generated from partial melting of the Jurassic-aged Bima Formation volcanic rocks,triggered by the high heat from the magma chamber of the Nymo intrusive complex.This Early Eocene tectono-thermal event of coeval magmatism,metamorphism and partial melting was most likely formed during the Indo-Asian collisional setting.

Strategic sill pillar design for reduced hanging wall overbreak in longhole mining

Steeply dipping,vein and tabular orebodies are traditionally extracted with longitudinal retreat mining methods such as Eureka and Avoca in a bottom-up sequence with delayed backfill.To increase productivity,sill pillars in the orebody are used to separate mining zones thus allowing production to take place simultaneously in two or more zones.While such mining methods are productive,they may be accompanied with high volumes of hanging wall overbreak causing significant unplanned ore dilution.In this work,it is shown through a mine design case study of a narrow vein deposit that a sill pillar could also play a significant role in limiting hanging wall overbreak.To demonstrate the role of sill pillar,a novel numerical modelling scheme is proposed to account for progressive stope wall overbreak.A numerical modelling approach of element death and rebirth is developed to allow for the detected stope overbreak to be immediately removed and replaced with backfill material before upper-level stope extraction.It is further shown that the average overbreak volume could be reduced by as much as 33%when the sill pillar is strategically placed in the lower half of a mine plan.

美术专业专科新生英语学习策略研究

研究美术专业专科新生英语学习策略具有重要的时代意义。文章主要使用SILL语言学习量表对齐鲁师范学院2014级美术专业专科新生的英语学习策略进行了研究,结果显示这一特殊群体对语言学习策略的使用频率很低,他们更多地使用直接策略而不是间接策略,基于结论,文章提出了应对措施,以求促进美术专业专科学生的英语学习,以期为针对这一群体的英语教学提供一定参考。