Established system equivalences for transition systems, such as trace equivalence and failures equivalence, require the ob- servations to be exactly identical. However, an accurate measure- ment is impossible when int...Established system equivalences for transition systems, such as trace equivalence and failures equivalence, require the ob- servations to be exactly identical. However, an accurate measure- ment is impossible when interacting with the physical world, hence exact equivalence is restrictive and not robust. Using Baire met- ric, a generalized framework of transition system approximation is proposed by developing the notions of approximate language equivalence and approximate singleton failures （SF） equivalence. The framework takes the traditional exact equivalence as a special case. The approximate language equivalence is coarser than the approximate Slc equivalence, just like the hierarchy of the exact ones. The main conclusion is that the two approximate equiva- lences satisfy the transitive property, consequently, they can be successively used in transition system approximation.展开更多
A new equalization method is proposed in this paper for severely nonlinear distorted channels. The structure of decision feedback is adopted for the non-singleton fuzzy regular neural network that is trained by gradie...A new equalization method is proposed in this paper for severely nonlinear distorted channels. The structure of decision feedback is adopted for the non-singleton fuzzy regular neural network that is trained by gradient-descent algorithm. The model shows a much better performance on anti-jamming and nonlinear classification, and simulation is carried out to compare this method with other nonlinear channel equalization methods. The results show the method has the least bit error rate （BER）.展开更多
Background: Antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) treatment has been proven to decrease rates of adverse perinatal outcomes when administered to pregnant women at risk for preterm delivery. Given the uncertainty about the be...Background: Antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) treatment has been proven to decrease rates of adverse perinatal outcomes when administered to pregnant women at risk for preterm delivery. Given the uncertainty about the benefit of ACS according to gestational age, we aimed to examine whether there was any benefit of ACS on perinatal mortality and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) according to different gestational ages at birth. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from an observational prospective chart review study was conducted in four hospitals located in the Mwanza region, Tanzania. The study population consisted of singleton infants delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation between July 2019 and February 2020. Sociodemographic and medical data were recorded from participants’ medical records. Results: Over an eight-month period, 838 preterm singletons were delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation. Three hundred and twelve (37.2%) pregnant women received at least one dose of ACS. Among infants exposed to ACS, perinatal mortality rates were significantly lower than those without exposure at the 27th week (27.8% vs 94.4%, P < 0.001), the 29th week (13.3% vs 51.4%, P = 0.012) and the 34th week (3.0% vs 18.2%, P < 0.001). Among infants exposed to ACS, the RDS rate was significantly lower than those without exposure only at the 32nd week (9.5% vs 25.0%, P = 0.039). Conclusion: Our findings add to the literature about the benefits of ACS for preterm infants of various gestational ages in low-resource settings. Compared to unexposed infants, those exposed to ACS and born at 27th and 34th weeks of gestation experienced lower rates of perinatal mortality. Future research, especially among infants born before the 27th week of pregnancy, is a priority.展开更多
Objective: To investigate whether the fetal gender affects the incidence of pre-eclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in singleton and twin pregnancies.Methods: This was a 10-year single-center, retrospect...Objective: To investigate whether the fetal gender affects the incidence of pre-eclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in singleton and twin pregnancies.Methods: This was a 10-year single-center, retrospective, cohort study from January 2009 to January 2019. A total of 57,129 singleton and 3699 twin pregnancies aged between 18-55 years old were recruited at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China. We used multivariable logistic regression to analyze the effect of fetal gender on the incidence of PE and FGR.Results: In singleton pregnancies, the incidence rates of PE and FGR with a female fetus were higher than those with a male fetus (6.4% (1713/26,793)vs. 5.9% (1803/30,336),P < 0.05 and 3.5% (932/26,793)vs. 2.4% (745/30,336),P < 0.05, respectively). A female fetus was an independent risk factor for either PE or FGR (adjusted odds ratio: 1.169 or 1.563;95% confidence interval: 1.036-1.319 or 1.349-1.810, respectively). In twin pregnancies, the incidence of early-onset PE was greater in pregnancies with two females compared with two males or one male plus one female (4.6% (46/1003)vs. 4.1% (54/1305)vs. 2.4% (33/1391),P < 0.05). Female-female twins was an independent risk factor for PE (adjusted odds ratio: 1.367, 95% confidence interval: 1.011-1.849), especially early-onset PE.Conclusion: The female fetus was associated with PE in both singleton and twin pregnancies and was also a risk factor of FGR in singleton pregnancies.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(1137100311461006)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2011GXNSFA0181542012GXNSFGA060003)the Science and Technology Foundation of Guangxi(10169-1)the Scientific Research Project from Guangxi Education Department(201012MS274)Open Research Fund Program of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Hybrid Computation and IC Design Analysis(HCIC201301)
文摘Established system equivalences for transition systems, such as trace equivalence and failures equivalence, require the ob- servations to be exactly identical. However, an accurate measure- ment is impossible when interacting with the physical world, hence exact equivalence is restrictive and not robust. Using Baire met- ric, a generalized framework of transition system approximation is proposed by developing the notions of approximate language equivalence and approximate singleton failures （SF） equivalence. The framework takes the traditional exact equivalence as a special case. The approximate language equivalence is coarser than the approximate Slc equivalence, just like the hierarchy of the exact ones. The main conclusion is that the two approximate equiva- lences satisfy the transitive property, consequently, they can be successively used in transition system approximation.
文摘A new equalization method is proposed in this paper for severely nonlinear distorted channels. The structure of decision feedback is adopted for the non-singleton fuzzy regular neural network that is trained by gradient-descent algorithm. The model shows a much better performance on anti-jamming and nonlinear classification, and simulation is carried out to compare this method with other nonlinear channel equalization methods. The results show the method has the least bit error rate （BER）.
文摘Background: Antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) treatment has been proven to decrease rates of adverse perinatal outcomes when administered to pregnant women at risk for preterm delivery. Given the uncertainty about the benefit of ACS according to gestational age, we aimed to examine whether there was any benefit of ACS on perinatal mortality and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) according to different gestational ages at birth. Methods: Secondary analysis of data from an observational prospective chart review study was conducted in four hospitals located in the Mwanza region, Tanzania. The study population consisted of singleton infants delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation between July 2019 and February 2020. Sociodemographic and medical data were recorded from participants’ medical records. Results: Over an eight-month period, 838 preterm singletons were delivered between 27 and 34 weeks of gestation. Three hundred and twelve (37.2%) pregnant women received at least one dose of ACS. Among infants exposed to ACS, perinatal mortality rates were significantly lower than those without exposure at the 27th week (27.8% vs 94.4%, P < 0.001), the 29th week (13.3% vs 51.4%, P = 0.012) and the 34th week (3.0% vs 18.2%, P < 0.001). Among infants exposed to ACS, the RDS rate was significantly lower than those without exposure only at the 32nd week (9.5% vs 25.0%, P = 0.039). Conclusion: Our findings add to the literature about the benefits of ACS for preterm infants of various gestational ages in low-resource settings. Compared to unexposed infants, those exposed to ACS and born at 27th and 34th weeks of gestation experienced lower rates of perinatal mortality. Future research, especially among infants born before the 27th week of pregnancy, is a priority.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(No. 2016YFC1000405, 2017YFC1001402, 2018YFC1004104, and 2018YFC10029002)National Natural Science Foundation(No. 81830045, 81671533, 81571518, and 81971415)General program of Guangdong province Natural Science Foundation(No. 2020A1515010273)。
文摘Objective: To investigate whether the fetal gender affects the incidence of pre-eclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in singleton and twin pregnancies.Methods: This was a 10-year single-center, retrospective, cohort study from January 2009 to January 2019. A total of 57,129 singleton and 3699 twin pregnancies aged between 18-55 years old were recruited at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China. We used multivariable logistic regression to analyze the effect of fetal gender on the incidence of PE and FGR.Results: In singleton pregnancies, the incidence rates of PE and FGR with a female fetus were higher than those with a male fetus (6.4% (1713/26,793)vs. 5.9% (1803/30,336),P < 0.05 and 3.5% (932/26,793)vs. 2.4% (745/30,336),P < 0.05, respectively). A female fetus was an independent risk factor for either PE or FGR (adjusted odds ratio: 1.169 or 1.563;95% confidence interval: 1.036-1.319 or 1.349-1.810, respectively). In twin pregnancies, the incidence of early-onset PE was greater in pregnancies with two females compared with two males or one male plus one female (4.6% (46/1003)vs. 4.1% (54/1305)vs. 2.4% (33/1391),P < 0.05). Female-female twins was an independent risk factor for PE (adjusted odds ratio: 1.367, 95% confidence interval: 1.011-1.849), especially early-onset PE.Conclusion: The female fetus was associated with PE in both singleton and twin pregnancies and was also a risk factor of FGR in singleton pregnancies.
