SNS与SINIS结阵制作工艺的比较

国家电压基准是基于约瑟夫森量子化效应的。传统的SIS结阵具有不能快速选择特定的台阶,相位锁定时间短的问题。I-V曲线无回滞的约瑟夫森结阵,其I-V曲线单值,电压台阶宽,解决了SIS结阵的问题。美国标准技术研究院的Hamilton提出并制作高度阻尼的可编程SNS约瑟夫森结阵电压标准;德国物理技术研究院则选择SINIS结来制作可编程约瑟夫森结阵电压基准。从结构、性能和制作方法等方面对SNS和SINIS可编程约瑟夫森结阵进行了比较。

建立新一代约瑟夫森电压基准——正弦量子电压信号的合成

利用SINIS型约瑟夫森结阵建立的新一代约瑟夫森电压基准可以合成动态电压信号,论文研究了交流量子电压的合成方法,研制了用于合成交流量子电压的SINIS结高速驱动装置,深入分析了合成交流量子电压的误差及测量不确定度。实验结果表明,目前合成1 V峰值60 Hz频率的交流电压,其有效值的测量不确定度优于2×10-6量级。用SINIS结高速驱动装置合成的交流量子电压具有很好的稳定性和良好的不确定度指标。交流量子电压的成功合成填补了国内该研究领域的空白,为进一步建立我国首个交流量子电压基准奠定了良好基础。

[SiNi(H_2O)W_(11)O_(39)]^(6-)多层组装膜修饰电极及其电化学行为

采用电化学生长法制备包含杂多酸[SiNi(H2O)W11O39]6-(SiNiW11)和聚合物阳离子PDDA的多层膜修饰电极,利用循环伏安法研究其电化学行为、pH的影响及其对BrO3-和NO2-体系还原的电催化性能;并对多层膜电化学过程机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明:多层膜的增长均匀,峰电流随层数的增加而增加;多层膜的峰电流随扫速的增加而增加;还原峰的峰电位随pH的增加而负移。

张闻天与列宁新经济政策的中国化

列宁新经济政策是列宁晚年将马克思主义俄国化的理论成果,是对传统社会主义理论的重大突破,对中共如何科学地进行经济建设有积极的参考价值。张闻天在革命和建设时期曾几度将列宁新经济政策与中国实际结合起来,在党内率先提出了发展资本主义的理性主张,形成了新民主主义经济构成及其建设方针的完整提纲,拟写了系统的发展社会主义市场经济的意见书,为马克思主义中国化做出了独特的理论贡献。挖掘和整理张闻天对列宁新经济政策中国化的贡献,对当今马克思主义中国化的科学发展有一定的借鉴意义。

“庄蹻王滇”新议

"庄蹻王滇"传说最早见于《史记.西南夷列传》,是考察西南边疆族群起源的必征史料之一。然而作为史料,"庄蹻王滇"存在着众多难以诠解的疑点和自相矛盾之处,历代史书在承袭其基本框架的同时也在不断对之进行改写,自唐代始即有史家对其可信度提出质疑。洎乎当代,"庄蹻王滇"依然是一桩聚讼不休的史学悬案,甚至有学者根据文献研究和考古发掘的新近成果对其史学价值作出了基本否定的结论。如果我们把观照视野从历史文本的实在性转移到其话语性,未始不能在这则漏洞百出的史料中发现某些新的知识生长点。作为一个历史事件,"庄蹻王滇"的真实性或许是值得怀疑的,但它却相当真实地折射出特定时代不同族群之间的复杂关系,以及华夏族群在华夏中心主义观念的潜在支配下对于边疆族群起源的历史想像。

马克思主义中国化与传统文化——纪念中国共产党成立90周年

马克思主义中国化,首先是民族化。所谓民族化,既要研究民族的现实斗争内容,也要继承民族的传统历史文化,创造民族的特殊形式。马克思主义中国化,既需要研究这两个方面,也需要将这两个方面结合好,从而形成具有中国特色、中国作风、中国气派的马克思主义理论,即中国化的马克思主义。

A Medical Case of Acne Vulgaris Treated with Danggui Shaoyao Powder Combined with Sini Powder

Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease damaging face,and the incidence of acne vulgaris is increasing year by year in China.Acne falls into the category of pimple in traditional Chinese medicine,and there are many dialectical understandings of acne in modern traditional Chinese medicine.Dr.He Aijuan has a unique diagnosis and treatment thinking in treating acne vulgaris(liver stagnation and spleen deficiency type)with traditional Chinese medicine in her clinical work for many years.Her application of Danggui Shaoyao Powder combined with Sini Powder has a remarkable effect in the clinical treatment process,so a clinical medical case is selected for discussion.

Mechanism of Danggui Sini Decoction(当归四逆汤)for Atherosclerosis Obliterans Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Objective:Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking,we want to explore the pharmacological effects and mechanism of Danggui Sini Decoction in the treatment of lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans.Methods:Using TCMSP database to search the main active components of Danggui Sini Decoction(当归四逆汤,DSD)and their related targets,Cytoscape3.8.1 software was used to construct a"component-disease-target"interaction network.Meanwhile,DAVID database was used to enrich the key target genes with GO and KEGG functions.And we used Auto Dock Tools 1.5.6 for molecular docking.Results:A total of 45 candidate active molecules and 250 potential target proteins related to ASO were screened.Key genes such as TNF,IL6,VEGFA,MMP9,IL1B,CCL2,CXCL8,ICAM1,VCAM1,and IL10 are mainly through TNF signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction,Toll-like receptor signaling pathway,NF-kappa B signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway and other biological pathways exert their effects.The results of molecular docking showed that 5UUI-sesamin,5UUI-paeoniflorin,4XCT-sesamin,and 4XCT-sesamin have extremely strong binding ability.Conclusion:Danggui Sini Decoction(当归四逆汤,DSD)can synergistically exert pharmacological effects through multiple components,multiple targets,and multiple pathways.On the basis of regulating immunity and inhibiting smooth muscle proliferation,it can prevent the occurrence and development of ASO.

Effect of Sini Decoction plus Ginseng on COVID-19 based on network pharmacological analysis

Objective:To explore the effect of Sini Decoction plus Ginseng on COVID-19 based on network pharmacological analysis.Methods:TCMSP platform was used to search the compounds of Sini Decoction plus Ginseng with oral bioavailability(OB)≥30%and drug-likeness(DL)≥0.18,and the results were input into the UniProt database and converted into standard target names;Genecards and OMIM database were used to find COVID-19 target,and the intersection targets were obtained and Venn diagram was drawn.Cytoscape 3.7.2 was applied to make the network diagram of composition-disease-target;The interaction database platform-String was used to analyze the target protein interaction,and the data were input into the software of Cytoscape 3.7.2 to make the network diagram;David database was used to analyze the accumulation of Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathways of drug-disease intersection targets.The component target pathway network was constructed by using Cytoscape 3.7.2.Results:Altogether,112 active components of Sini Decoction plus Ginseng were screened,corresponding to 234 targets.Besides,261 COVID-19 targets were obtained after screening,and the Venn map showed that 50 targets were intersected.Quercetin,kaempferol,naringenin,andβ-sitosterol were found to have higher moderate values shown by the component-disease-target network.The target proteins with high PPI network analysis value were IL-6,MAPK8,MAPK3,MAPK1,TP53,TNF,and CASP3.GO enrichment function analysis showed that 341 biological processes,33 cell components,and 50 molecular functions were involved,which showed inflammatory reaction,cell response to lipopolysaccharide,exogenous apoptosis signal pathway,positive regulation of RNA polymeraseⅡpromoter transcription,cytokine activity,chemokine activity,heme binding,and other biological processes.KEGG signaling pathway enrichment function analysisshowed that there were 112 signaling pathways.It included TNF signaling pathway,tuberculosis,influenza A,PI3K Akt signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway.According to the component-target-pathway network diagram,quercetin,kaempferol,naringenin,andβ-sitosterol in Sini Decoction plus Ginseng may act on IL-6,MAPK8,MAPK3,MAPK1,TP53,TNF,CASP3,and other targets through TNF signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,Tolllike receptor signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,and HIF-1 signaling pathway.Conclusion:Sini Decoction plus Ginseng can affect COVID-19 through multiple active components,multiple targets,and multiple pathways.

Therapeutic Effects of"Soothing the Liver Method"on Stress-related Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver on Neuroendocrine-metabolic Level

OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic effects of "soothing the liver method" on stress-related non-alcoholic fatty liver and its treatment mechanism on neuroendocrine-metabolic level. METHODS: The animal model of stress-related nonalcoholic fatty liver which is more in line with the modern social and clinical conditions was established by the method of chronic restraint compound high-fat feed. AST and ALT were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Serum cortisol and TNF-a were detected by radioimmunoassay. The relative expression of Nr3 c1 mRNA was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, the scores of open field test, Nr3 c1 mRNA decreased, and AST, ALT, FFA were significantly increased in model group. Compared with model group, the open field test scores, Nr3 c1 mRNA increased,and Cor, AST, FFA, LDL, TNF-a, were significantly decreased in SNS group. CONCLUSIONS: "Soothing the liver method" can exert its therapeutic effect on stress-related non-alcoholic fatty liver on neuroendocrine-metabolic level.

Research progress of Sini decoction in pharmacy, pharmacology and clinical application

Sini decoction originated from Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases(200-210 C.E.)in the Eastern Han Dynasty.It is a traditional and famous prescription in China.Its preparations mainly include Sini decoction,Sini decoction drop pills and Sini decoction suppositories.The main chemical components are diterpenoid alkaloids,gingerol,volatile oil,coumarin,polysaccharide,triterpene saponins,flavonoids,amino acids,and alkaloids.This product has a cardiovascular function,anti-shock,anti-diabetes complications,anti-tumor,anti-atherosclerosis,and effects on the nervous system.Modern clinical practice is widely used in cardiovascular,respiratory,digestive,neurological and gynecological diseases.This paper reviews the pharmaceutical research,pharmacological effects,safety evaluation and clinical application of Sini decoction,including the source and composition of Sini decoction,the origin and resource status of authentic medicinal materials of Sini decoction,the research on preparation form reform,chemical composition and quality control,to provide a reference for further research and clinical promotion of Sini decoction.

Research Progress on Classical Prescriptions in Treating Mammary Glands Hyperplasia

According to Zhongjing Zhang's academic thought,gynecological diseases mostly result from deficiency,accumulated cold,and qi stagnation,so the treatment of gynecological miscellaneous diseases should take qi and blood as the general principle,and focus on the liver.The pathogenesis of mammary glands hyperplasia(MGH)is liver and kidney deficiency,disharmony of the thoroughfare vessel and the conception vessel,the causes of which are emotional imbalance,liver qi depression,and failure of transportation due to spleen deficiency.The superficial causes include qi stagnation,phlegm coagulation,and blood stasis,which are mainly related to the liver,spleen,kidney,the thoroughfare vessel,and the conception vessel.In clinical treatment of MGH,Xiaochaihu Decoction or Sini Powder can be used for qi stagnation syndrome,Xiao Xianxiong Decoction for phlegm coagulation syndrome,Guizhi Fuling Pill or Dahuang Zhechong Pill for spleen deficiency syndrome,and Wenjing Decoction for the deficiency-cold syndrome.

冷作模具钢7Cr7Mo2V2SiNi棒材低倍组织异常分析及退火工艺改进

采用880℃×20h退火的7Cr7Mo2V2SiNi棒材的低倍组织出现明暗相间的似粗晶的组织,金相观察组织为黑白交替的正常粒状珠光体(暗处)和异常铁素体(亮处)。经分析得出,由于退火温度高和保温时间短,导致出现了没有析出粒状碳化物的铁素体组织。通过降低退火温度至780℃和延长保温时间至45h,消除了低倍异常组织,获得了均匀分布的粒状珠光体组织。

Danggui Sini decoction treatment of refractory allergic cutaneous vasculitis:A case report

BACKGROUND Allergic cutaneous vasculitis(ACV)is a difficult disease to treat.At present,there is no effective treatment for this condition.Traditionally,immunosuppressants and hormones have been primarily used in its management,but the treatment effect is suboptimal,and it has several side effects.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 19-year-old woman who presented at our hospital with a four-year history of symmetric skin lesions mainly affecting her lower extremities.She had previously undergone treatment with prednisolone acetate,cetirizine hydrochloride,and loratadine tablets but had not experienced any relief in her condition.Thereafter,she was treated with oral traditional Chinese medicine.Her skin damage gradually improved within two months of treatment initiation.After six months,the skin ulcers had completely subsided.No evidence of skin ulcer recurrence was observed during the subsequent follow-up.This report presents the first case of a female patient who received oral Danggui Sini decoction for the treatment of ACV.CONCLUSION Danggui Sini decoction may be a promising oral treatment for ACV patients.

Network pharmacology and experimental validation to reveal the pharmacological mechanisms of Sini decoction(四逆汤)against renal fibrosis

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism by which Sini decoction(四逆汤,SND)improves renal fibrosis(Rf)in rats based on transforming growth factor β1/Smad(TGF-β1/Smad)signaling pathway.METHODS:Network pharmacology was applied to obtain potentially involved signaling pathways in SND's improving effects on Rf.The targets of SND drug components and the targets of Rf were obtained by searching databases,such as the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCSMP)and GeenCard.The intersection targets of two searches were obtained and underwent signaling pathway analysis using a Venn diagram.Then experimental pharmacology was utilized to prove and investigate the effects of SND on target proteins in the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.The Rf rat model was established by unilateral ureteral occlusion(UUO).The expression levels of transforming growth factor,matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9),matrix metal protease-2(MMP-2),connective tissue growth factor(CTGF),and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1)were determined by Masson staining of rat renal tissue,and immunohistochemical methods.The expression levels of Smad3,Smad2,and Smad7 in renal tissue were determined by Western blotting(WB).The mechanism of the improving effects of SND on Rf was investigated based on TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.RESULTS:A total of 12 drug components of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata),5 drug components of Ganjiang(Rhizoma Zingiber),and 9 drug components of Gancao(Radix Glycy et Rhizoma)were obtained from the database search,and 207 shared targets were found.A total of 1063 Rf targets were found in the database search.According to the Venn diagram,in total,96 intersection targets were found in two database searches.The metabolic pathways involved included TGF-β signaling pathway,phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/serine-threonine protein kinase signaling(PI3K/Akt)pathway,and hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1)signaling pathway.Masson staining analysis showed that compared with the model group,the renal interstitial collagen deposition levels in the SSN and SND groups were significantly lower(P<0.05).Immunohistochemical analysis,compared with the control group,the positive cell area expression levels of MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-1 in the kidney tissue of the model group were significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the positive cell area expression levels of CTGF and TGF-β1 were significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the positive cell area expression levels of MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-1 in the kidney tissue of the SSN and SND groups were significantly increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the positive cell area expression levels of CTGF and TGF-β1 in the kidney tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01).WB results showed that the SSN group and the SND group could reduce the expression of Smad2 and Smad3(P<0.05)and increase the expression of Smad7(P<0.05).

Sini Powder extract produces antidepressant-like effects in a chronic social defeat stress model of depression in tree shrews

Sini Power（SP） is a famed traditional Chinese formula that has long been used to treat depression. Here, we investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of SP extract on an established model of depression： chronic stressed tree shrew, which mimics the human condition of social stress. The animals were divided into 4 groups. Except for the na？ve group, the other animals were subjected to daily social defeat stress for 5 weeks, and during the last 4 weeks treated with SP extract（3.6 g/kg/d）, fluoxetine（15 mg/kg/d）, and vehicle, respectively. The results showed that SP extract could reverse body weight loss to a certain extent and reduce the levels of urine/serum cortisol that were initially increased by chronic social defeat. In addition, SP extract increased hippocampus norepinephrine concentrations. Our data suggested that SP extract had positive effects on the main depression symptoms in the chronic stressed tree shrew model and that it may be used to help control hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity.

Ⅰ、Ⅱ期霍奇金病放射治疗长期生存的分析

目的评价Ⅰ、Ⅱ期霍奇金病采用扩大照射（ＥｘｔｅｎｄｅｄＦｉｅｌｄ，ＥＦ）、次全淋巴结照射（ＳｕｂｔｏｔａｌＮｏｄａｌＩｒａｄｉａｔｉｏｎ，ＳＴＮＩ）及全淋巴结照射（ＴｏｔａｌＮｏｄａｌＩｒｒａｄｉａｔｉｏｎ，ＴＮＩ）不同方案放射治疗的长期疗效。材料与方法１９７４年４月至１９８９年２月收治的１９１例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期霍奇金病患者，所有病例均做大面积不规则野放射治疗。其中ＥＦ共３９例，ＳＴＮＩ共８８例，ＴＮＩ共６４例。结果发现总复发率和野外复发率在ＥＦ组高于ＳＴＮＩ组或ＴＮＩ组（Ｐ＜０．０５），在ＳＴＮＩ和ＴＮＩ组的总复发率和野外复发率大致相同。ＳＴＮＩ及ＴＮＩ组的５年、１０年及１４年生存率均高于ＥＦ组，虽仅ＴＮＩ组的５年生存率较ＥＦ的５年生存率差异有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０５），但仍提示ＥＦ组的照射范围是不够的。Ⅰ期病人５年、１０年和１４年生存率分别为９３．２％、８７．５％和７４．５％，Ⅱ期分别为８８．３％、７８．６％和７８．６％。结论本组结果显示早期霍奇金病采用放射治疗有较好的长期生存率，治疗方案宜采用ＳＴＮＩ为好。

Sini powder ameliorates the inflammatory response in rats with stress-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-B/pyrin domain-containing protein 3 pathway

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of Sini powder for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in rats and the molecular mechanisms involved.METHODS: A rat model of stress-induced NAFLD was established by a combination of long-term tethering and feeding of a high-fat, high-calorie diet. These rats were then intragastrically administered with either simvastatin, Sini powder, or vehicle for 1 week. The body mass and field test scores for each group were recorded weekly. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities, and triglyceride, total cholesterol,and free fatty acid concentrations were measured.Liver tissue histopathology was examined on hematoxylin and eosin-stained paraffin sections and oil red O-stained frozen sections. The hepatic m RNA expression of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD(ASC), and caspase-1 were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The hepatic protein concentrations of NF-κB and NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), and the serum concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS: Compared with the Blank group, rats in the Compound model group showed significant pathologic manifestations of NAFLD, and the expression of NF-κB, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1βand IL-6 were significantly higher(all P < 0.01). Both simvastatin and Sini powder significantly ameliorated the NAFLD pathology and the abnormal expression of NF-κB, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-6(all P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Sini powder inhibits the inflamma-tory response in rats with NAFLD, which is mediated by NF-κB/NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-6, reduces the effects of psychological stress, and improves lipid metabolism. Therefore, Sini powder may be effective for the treatment of stress-related NAFLD through multiple mechanisms.

Sini decoction as an adjuvant therapy for angina pectoris:a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the effects and safety of Sini decoction as an adjuvant therapy for patients with angina pectoris.METHODS: We searched Pub Med, Excerpt Medica Database, the Cochrane library, Wanfang Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database from the date of its inception until August 1, in2014. Available literatures were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers finished data extraction, checked the data and assessed the methodological quality of studies, independently.The Review Manage Software 5.1.0 was used for data analysis.RESULTS: Six trials involving 453 participants were eligible. None of the trials reported the mortality due to angina pectoris. The secondary outcomes showed that Sini decoction, together with nitroglycerin when necessary, may have some effects on reducing the number of angina attacks and the amount of nitroglycerin. But in terms of reducing the duration of angina and improvement of electrocardiogram, there were no statistical differences between Sini decoction group and isosorbide dinitrate group. Only one reported that no adverse events were found.CONCLUSION: Based on this systematic review, Sini decoction can reduce the dosage of nitroglycerin, when compared with isosorbide dinitrate group.And there were no enough evidence in the papers to draw any conclusions for the safety of Sini decoction.

Traditional herbal formula Sini Powder extract produces antidepressantlike effects through stress-related mechanisms in rats

Sini Powder(SP), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has long been used to treat depression in patients, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that rats treated with SP extract for 7 days showed a significant increase in swimming time and reduction in immobility time in forced swimming test in a dose-dependent manner, without changes in locomotion. These effects could be attributed to SP's modulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, because a single pretreatment of SP extract could rescue increased serum corticosterone and plasma adrenocorticotropin levels induced by acute elevated platform stress. A single pretreatment of SP extract could also elevate the m RNA expression of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors. In conclusion, our results suggest that SP extract may act as an anti-stress medication to produce antidepressant-like effects.