Background:Sini decoction(SND)is a classic traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formulation that can be used to treat anxiety-related disorders,but the active substance and underlying molecular mechanism of its anxiolytic...Background:Sini decoction(SND)is a classic traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formulation that can be used to treat anxiety-related disorders,but the active substance and underlying molecular mechanism of its anxiolytic effects are unknown.In this study,network pharmacology,molecular docking research and experimental verification methods were used to preliminarily explore the bioactive compounds and potential target mechanisms of SND anxiolytic.Methods:The active components and corresponding targets of SND were collected by TCMSP.GeneCards,OMIM,PharmGkb,TTD and Drugbank were used to search for the targets of anxiety disorders.The core target of SND in the treatment of anxiety was screened by PPI.R language was used to analyze the intersection targets of SND in the treatment of anxiety disorders by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis.AutoDock Vina was used for molecular docking,and Discovery Studio was used for visual conformation analysis after docking.The anti-anxiety effect and molecular mechanism of SND were studied by in vivo experiment.Results:Based on network pharmacological analysis,we obtained 112 active ingredients and 350 effective targets related to anxiety from SND.In PPI analysis,26 targets such as STAT3,MAPK3,MAPK1,MAPK14,SRC,HSP90AA1,TP53 and PIK3CA were identified as core targets.GO and KEGG analysis showed that the anxiolytic mechanism of SND may be related to the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and inflammatory pathway.Molecular docking showed that quercetin,naringenin,licochalcone A had high affinity with JAK2,MAPK14 and MAPK3.Animal experiments have shown that SND reverses the upregulation of GluN2B(NMDAR)and GluA1(AMPAR)proteins,and SND improves anxiety disorders by regulating glutamate transmitter levels,which may be related to neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways,particularly glutamate receptors.Conclusion:This study shows that SND can improve FS-induced behavioral changes in mice and can modulate hippocampal synapse-associated protein defects,partially reversing glutamate receptor expression through the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway,and further improved anxiety disorders.At the same time,combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking,the key components,core targets and related pathways of SND are discussed,which shows that the active components of SND play an effective role in anxiety through multi-targets and multi-pathways,which provides a reference for the material basis and mechanism of SND.展开更多
低强度进水制约了城镇污水处理厂的总氮(TN)脱除效果。采用易腐垃圾沼液作为补充碳源,在强化污水处理厂脱氮效果的同时,降低了污水处理和易腐垃圾沼液运行成本及碳排放量。实验分析了沼液成分,并研究了不同沼液/进水混合比对污染物去除...低强度进水制约了城镇污水处理厂的总氮(TN)脱除效果。采用易腐垃圾沼液作为补充碳源,在强化污水处理厂脱氮效果的同时,降低了污水处理和易腐垃圾沼液运行成本及碳排放量。实验分析了沼液成分,并研究了不同沼液/进水混合比对污染物去除、运行稳定性及污泥性状的影响。结果表明,当混合比为0.100%(体积分数)时,工艺具有最佳运行效果。沼液投加后生化段反硝化速率增加了2.23倍,同步硝化反硝化(SND)效率增加了39.2%,TN去除率提高了1.34倍。污水处理厂出水水质稳定,达到《城镇污水处理厂主要水污染物排放标准》(DB 33/2169—2018)(“准四类”排放标准)。工艺流程中重金属(Pb、Cd及Cr)含量均未超标,出水的环境污染风险可控。沼液的资源化利用每年约减少污水处理厂运行成本38万元,易腐垃圾运行成本144万元,并削减近84 t CO_(2)排放。结果表明,对易腐垃圾沼液的资源化利用“以污治污”,有助于碳减排目标的实现,降低了运行成本,并具有良好的社会和环境效益。展开更多
基金financially supported by the Shaanxi Province Key Project for Social Development(No.2022SF-205).
文摘Background:Sini decoction(SND)is a classic traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)formulation that can be used to treat anxiety-related disorders,but the active substance and underlying molecular mechanism of its anxiolytic effects are unknown.In this study,network pharmacology,molecular docking research and experimental verification methods were used to preliminarily explore the bioactive compounds and potential target mechanisms of SND anxiolytic.Methods:The active components and corresponding targets of SND were collected by TCMSP.GeneCards,OMIM,PharmGkb,TTD and Drugbank were used to search for the targets of anxiety disorders.The core target of SND in the treatment of anxiety was screened by PPI.R language was used to analyze the intersection targets of SND in the treatment of anxiety disorders by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis.AutoDock Vina was used for molecular docking,and Discovery Studio was used for visual conformation analysis after docking.The anti-anxiety effect and molecular mechanism of SND were studied by in vivo experiment.Results:Based on network pharmacological analysis,we obtained 112 active ingredients and 350 effective targets related to anxiety from SND.In PPI analysis,26 targets such as STAT3,MAPK3,MAPK1,MAPK14,SRC,HSP90AA1,TP53 and PIK3CA were identified as core targets.GO and KEGG analysis showed that the anxiolytic mechanism of SND may be related to the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and inflammatory pathway.Molecular docking showed that quercetin,naringenin,licochalcone A had high affinity with JAK2,MAPK14 and MAPK3.Animal experiments have shown that SND reverses the upregulation of GluN2B(NMDAR)and GluA1(AMPAR)proteins,and SND improves anxiety disorders by regulating glutamate transmitter levels,which may be related to neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways,particularly glutamate receptors.Conclusion:This study shows that SND can improve FS-induced behavioral changes in mice and can modulate hippocampal synapse-associated protein defects,partially reversing glutamate receptor expression through the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway,and further improved anxiety disorders.At the same time,combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking,the key components,core targets and related pathways of SND are discussed,which shows that the active components of SND play an effective role in anxiety through multi-targets and multi-pathways,which provides a reference for the material basis and mechanism of SND.
文摘低强度进水制约了城镇污水处理厂的总氮(TN)脱除效果。采用易腐垃圾沼液作为补充碳源,在强化污水处理厂脱氮效果的同时,降低了污水处理和易腐垃圾沼液运行成本及碳排放量。实验分析了沼液成分,并研究了不同沼液/进水混合比对污染物去除、运行稳定性及污泥性状的影响。结果表明,当混合比为0.100%(体积分数)时,工艺具有最佳运行效果。沼液投加后生化段反硝化速率增加了2.23倍,同步硝化反硝化(SND)效率增加了39.2%,TN去除率提高了1.34倍。污水处理厂出水水质稳定,达到《城镇污水处理厂主要水污染物排放标准》(DB 33/2169—2018)(“准四类”排放标准)。工艺流程中重金属(Pb、Cd及Cr)含量均未超标,出水的环境污染风险可控。沼液的资源化利用每年约减少污水处理厂运行成本38万元,易腐垃圾运行成本144万元,并削减近84 t CO_(2)排放。结果表明,对易腐垃圾沼液的资源化利用“以污治污”,有助于碳减排目标的实现,降低了运行成本,并具有良好的社会和环境效益。
