A space-based Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) program, named as the Cosmic Microscope, is proposed to involve dual VLBI telescopes in the space working together with giant ground-based telescopes (e.g., Squar...A space-based Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) program, named as the Cosmic Microscope, is proposed to involve dual VLBI telescopes in the space working together with giant ground-based telescopes (e.g., Square Kilometre Array, FAST, Arecibo) to image the low radio frequency Universe with the purpose of unraveling the compact structure of cosmic constituents including supermassive black holes and binaries, pulsars, astronomical masers and the underlying source, and exoplanets amongst others. The operational frequency bands are 30, 74, 330 and 1670 MHz, supporting broad science areas. The mission plans to launch two 30-m-diameter radio telescopes into 2 000 km×90 000 km elliptical orbits. The two telescopes can work in flexibly diverse modes,(i) Space-ground VLBI. The maximum space-ground baseline length is about100 000 km; it provides a high-dynamic-range imaging capacity with unprecedented high resolutions at low frequencies (0.3 mas at 1.67 GHz and 20 mas at 30 MHz) enabling studies of exoplanets and supermassive black hole binaries (which emit nanoHz gravitational waves),(ii) Space-space single-baseline VLBI. This unique baseline enables the detection of flaring hydroxyl masers, and more precise position measurement of pulsars and radio transients at mas level.(iii) Single dish mode, where each telescope can be used to monitor transient bursts and rapidly trigger follow-up VLBI observations. The large space telescope will also contribute in measuring and constraining the total angular power spectrum from the Epoch of Reionization. In short, the Cosmic Microscope offers astronomers the opportunity to conduct novel, frontier science.展开更多
Based on the relativistic time-space theory, we derived the space VLBI time delay and delay rate calculation models with an accuracy of 1 ps and 10^(-3) ps/s, respectively. The longest suitable baseline of the models ...Based on the relativistic time-space theory, we derived the space VLBI time delay and delay rate calculation models with an accuracy of 1 ps and 10^(-3) ps/s, respectively. The longest suitable baseline of the models is 4×10~5 km (Earth-Moon distance).展开更多
角位置是深空探测航天器导航定位的重要观测量信息,相对于获取航天器距离、速度信息的统一载波测量体制,甚长基线干涉测量(Very Long Baseline Interferometry,VLBI)技术的原始数据量呈几何式增长,海量数据的实时、准实时处理对航天器...角位置是深空探测航天器导航定位的重要观测量信息,相对于获取航天器距离、速度信息的统一载波测量体制,甚长基线干涉测量(Very Long Baseline Interferometry,VLBI)技术的原始数据量呈几何式增长,海量数据的实时、准实时处理对航天器高精度导航定位提出了新的挑战。依托中国深空网干涉测量中心,论述了基于高性能集群平台环境的航天器干涉测角数据相关处理系统的设计实现,并利用探月工程的实测数据进行了验证分析。分析结论对推进我国深空网干涉测量信号处理中心建设、优化相关处理系统资源配置具有一定的参考价值。展开更多
针对采样返回任务中多探测器精密短弧定轨问题,研究了甚长基线干涉测量(Very Long Baseline Interferometry,VLBI)技术在两探测器间的交替观测模式、2π模糊度解算方法和数据差分处理方法,给出了星载信标的设计原则和方案。利用日本SEL...针对采样返回任务中多探测器精密短弧定轨问题,研究了甚长基线干涉测量(Very Long Baseline Interferometry,VLBI)技术在两探测器间的交替观测模式、2π模糊度解算方法和数据差分处理方法,给出了星载信标的设计原则和方案。利用日本SELENE探月卫星的两个小卫星R-star和V-star的同波束VLBI相关相位生成了交替VLBI相位观测量,对其进行了差分处理求解差分时延,然后利用差分时延和测速测距数据进行定轨计算。对差分时延的分析表明,交替VLBI差分群时延RMS值为46 mm,测量精度与同波束VLBI差分群时延相当;交替VLBI差分相时延RMS值为1.6 mm,测量精度与同波束VLBI差分相时延相当。定轨结果表明,交替VLBI在进行多探测器的短弧定轨时能达到同波束VLBI相当的精度。展开更多
基金Supported with funding from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2018YFA0404600)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(114231KYSB20170003)
文摘A space-based Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) program, named as the Cosmic Microscope, is proposed to involve dual VLBI telescopes in the space working together with giant ground-based telescopes (e.g., Square Kilometre Array, FAST, Arecibo) to image the low radio frequency Universe with the purpose of unraveling the compact structure of cosmic constituents including supermassive black holes and binaries, pulsars, astronomical masers and the underlying source, and exoplanets amongst others. The operational frequency bands are 30, 74, 330 and 1670 MHz, supporting broad science areas. The mission plans to launch two 30-m-diameter radio telescopes into 2 000 km×90 000 km elliptical orbits. The two telescopes can work in flexibly diverse modes,(i) Space-ground VLBI. The maximum space-ground baseline length is about100 000 km; it provides a high-dynamic-range imaging capacity with unprecedented high resolutions at low frequencies (0.3 mas at 1.67 GHz and 20 mas at 30 MHz) enabling studies of exoplanets and supermassive black hole binaries (which emit nanoHz gravitational waves),(ii) Space-space single-baseline VLBI. This unique baseline enables the detection of flaring hydroxyl masers, and more precise position measurement of pulsars and radio transients at mas level.(iii) Single dish mode, where each telescope can be used to monitor transient bursts and rapidly trigger follow-up VLBI observations. The large space telescope will also contribute in measuring and constraining the total angular power spectrum from the Epoch of Reionization. In short, the Cosmic Microscope offers astronomers the opportunity to conduct novel, frontier science.
文摘Based on the relativistic time-space theory, we derived the space VLBI time delay and delay rate calculation models with an accuracy of 1 ps and 10^(-3) ps/s, respectively. The longest suitable baseline of the models is 4×10~5 km (Earth-Moon distance).
文摘角位置是深空探测航天器导航定位的重要观测量信息,相对于获取航天器距离、速度信息的统一载波测量体制,甚长基线干涉测量(Very Long Baseline Interferometry,VLBI)技术的原始数据量呈几何式增长,海量数据的实时、准实时处理对航天器高精度导航定位提出了新的挑战。依托中国深空网干涉测量中心,论述了基于高性能集群平台环境的航天器干涉测角数据相关处理系统的设计实现,并利用探月工程的实测数据进行了验证分析。分析结论对推进我国深空网干涉测量信号处理中心建设、优化相关处理系统资源配置具有一定的参考价值。
