The role of natural fracture activation in hydraulic fracturing for deep unconventional geo-energy reservoir stimulation

The presence of sealed or semi-sealed,multiscale natural fracture systems appears to be crucial for the successful stimulation of deep reservoirs.To explore the reaction of such systems to reservoir stimulation,a new numerical simulation approach for hydraulic stimulation has been developed,trying to establish a realistic model of the physics involved.Our new model successfully reproduces dynamic fracture activation,network generation,and overall reservoir permeability enhancement.Its outputs indicate that natural fractures facilitate stimulation far beyond the near-wellbore area,and can significantly improve the hydraulic conductivity of unconventional geo-energy reservoirs.According to our model,the fracture activation patterns are jointly determined by the occurrence of natural fractures and the in situ stress.High-density natural fractures,high-fluid pressure,and low effective stress environments promote the formation of complex fracture networks during stimulation.Multistage or multicluster fracturing treatments with an appropriate spacing also increase the stimulated reservoir area(SRA).The simulation scheme demonstrated in this work offers the possibility to elucidate the complex multiphysical couplings seen in the field through detailed site-specific modeling.

Multiple damage zones around hydraulic fractures generated by high-frequency pulsating hydraulic fracturing

Pulsating hydraulic fracturing(PHF)is a promising fracturing method and can generate a dynamic periodic pressure.The periodic pressure can induce fatigue failure of rocks and decrease initiation pressure of fracture.If the frequency of periodic pressure exceeds 10 Hz,the distribution of pressure along the main fracture will be heterogeneous,which is much different from the one induced by the common fracturing method.In this study,the impact of this special spatial feature of pressure on hydraulic fracture is mainly investigated.A coupled numerical simulation model is first proposed and verified through experimental and theoretical solutions.The mechanism of secondary fracture initiation around the main fracture is then discovered.In addition,sensitivity studies are conducted to find out the application potential of this new method.The results show that(1)this coupled numerical simulation model is accurate.Through comparison with experimental and theoretical data,the average error of this coupled model is less than 1.01%.(2)Even if a reservoir has no natural fracture,this heterogeneous distribution pressure can also cause many secondary fractures around the main fracture.(3)The mechanism of secondary fracture initiation is that this heterogeneous distribution pressure causes tensile stress at many locations along the main fracture.(4)Through adjusting the stimulation parameters,the stimulation efficiency can be improved.The average and amplitude of pressure can increase possibility of secondary fracture initiation.The frequency of this periodic pressure can increase number of secondary fractures.Even 6 secondary fractures along a 100 m-length main fracture can be generated.(5)The influence magnitudes of stimulation parameters are larger than ones of geomechanical properties,therefore,this new fracturing method has a wide application potential.

Practice and development suggestions of hydraulic fracturing technology in the Gulong shale oil reservoirs of Songliao Basin, NE China

This paper reviews the multiple rounds of upgrades of the hydraulic fracturing technology used in the Gulong shale oil reservoirs and gives suggestions about stimulation technology development in relation to the production performance of Gulong shale oil wells.Under the control of high-density bedding fractures,fracturing in the Gulong shale results in a complex fracture morphology,yet with highly suppressed fracture height and length.Hydraulic fracturing fails to generate artificial fractures with sufficient lengths and heights,which is a main restraint on the effective stimulation in the Gulong shale oil reservoirs.In this regard,the fracturing design shall follow the strategy of"controlling near-wellbore complex fractures and maximizing the extension of main fractures"Increasing the proportions of guar gum fracturing fluids,reducing perforation clusters within one fracturing stage,raising pump rates and appropriately exploiting stress interference are conducive to fracture propagation and lead to a considerably expanded stimulated reservoir volume(SRV).The upgraded main hydraulic fracturing technology is much more applicable to the Gulong shale oil reservoirs.It accelerates the oil production with a low flowback rate and lifts oil cut during the initial production of well groups,which both help to improve well production.It is suggested to optimize the hydraulic fracturing technology in six aspects,namely,suppressing propagation of near-wellbore microfractures,improving the pumping scheme of CO_(2),managing the perforating density,enhancing multi-proppant combination,reviewing well pattern/spacing,and discreetly applying fiber-assisted injection,so as to improve the SRv,the distal fracture complexity and the long-term fracture conductivity.

Proppant transport in rough fractures of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs

A method to generate fractures with rough surfaces was proposed according to the fractal interpolation theory.Considering the particle-particle,particle-wall and particle-fluid interactions,a proppant-fracturing fluid two-phase flow model based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD)-discrete element method(DEM)coupling was established.The simulation results were verified with relevant experimental data.It was proved that the model can match transport and accumulation of proppants in rough fractures well.Several cases of numerical simulations were carried out.Compared with proppant transport in smooth flat fractures,bulge on the rough fracture wall affects transport and settlement of proppants significantly in proppant transportation in rough fractures.The higher the roughness of fracture,the faster the settlement of proppant particles near the fracture inlet,the shorter the horizontal transport distance,and the more likely to accumulate near the fracture inlet to form a sand plugging in a short time.Fracture wall roughness could control the migration path of fracturing fluid to a certain degree and change the path of proppant filling in the fracture.On the one hand,the rough wall bulge raises the proppant transport path and the proppants flow out of the fracture,reducing the proppant sweep area.On the other hand,the sand-carrying fluid is prone to change flow direction near the contact point of bulge,thus expanding the proppant sweep area.

A novel approach of tight oil reservoirs stimulation based on fracture controlling optimization and design

To deal with the stress interference caused by simultaneous propagation of multiple fractures and the wettability reversal and physical property changes of the reservoir caused by fracturing fluid getting in during large-volume fracturing of tight oil reservoirs through a horizontal well, a non-planar 3D fracture growth model was built, wettability reversal characterizing parameters and change of relative permeability curve were introduced to correct the production prediction model of fractured horizontal well, a fracturing design optimization software(Fr Smart) by integrating geological and engineering data was developed, and a fracturing design optimization approach for tight oil reservoirs based on fracture control was worked out. The adaptability of the method was analyzed and the fracture parameters of horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs were optimized. The simulation results show that fracturing technology based on fracture control is suitable for tight oil reservoirs, and by optimizing fracture parameters, this technology makes it possible to produce the maximum amount of reserves in the well-controlled unit of unconventional reservoirs. The key points of fracturing design optimization based on fracture control include increasing lateral length of and reducing the row spacing between horizontal wells, increasing perforation clusters in one stage to decrease the spacing of neighboring fractures, and also avoiding interference of old and new fracturing wells. Field tests show that this technology can increase single well production and ultimate recovery. Using this technology in developing unconventional resources such as tight oil reservoirs in China will enhance the economics significantly.

Visualization and characterization of experimental hydraulic fractures interacting with karst fracture-cavity distributions

Karst fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs,in which natural cavities are connected by natural fractures to form cavity clusters in many circumstances,have become significant fields of oil and gas exploration and exploitation.Proppant fracturing is considered as the best method for exploiting carbonate reservoirs;however,previous studies primarily focused on the effects of individual types of geological formations,such as natural fractures or cavities,on fracture propagation.In this study,true-triaxial physical simulation experiments were systematically performed under four types of stress difference conditions after the accurate prefabrication of four types of different fracture-cavity distributions in artificial samples.Subsequently,the interaction mechanism between the hydraulic fractures and fracture-cavity structures was systematically analyzed in combination with the stress distribution,cross-sectional morphology of the main propagation path,and three-dimensional visualization of the overall fracture network.It was found that the propagation of hydraulic fractures near the cavity was inhibited by the stress concentration surrounding the cavity.In contrast,a natural fracture with a smaller approach angle(0°and 30°)around the cavity can alleviate the stress concentration and significantly facilitate the connection with the cavity.In addition,the hydraulic fracture crossed the natural fracture at the 45°approach angle and bypassed the cavity under higher stress difference conditions.A new stimulation effectiveness evaluation index was established based on the stimulated reservoir area(SRA),tortuosity of the hydraulic fractures(T),and connectivity index(CI)of the cavities.These findings provide new insights into the fracturing design of carbonate reservoirs.

A novel dandelion-based bionic proppant and its transportation mechanism in different types of fractures

Low-permeability reservoirs are generally characterized by low porosity and low permeability.Obtaining high production using the traditional method is technologically challenging because it yields a low reservoir recovery factor.In recent years,hydraulic fracturing technology is widely applied for efficiently exploiting and developing low-permeability reservoirs using a low-viscosity fluid as a fracturing fluid.However,the transportation of the proppant is inefficient in the low-viscosity fluid,and the proppant has a low piling-up height in fracture channels.These key challenges restrict the fluid(natural gas or oil)flow in fracture channels and their functional flow areas,reducing the profits of hydrocarbon exploitation.This study aimed to explore and develop a novel dandelion-bionic proppant by modifying the surface of the proppant and the fiber.Its structure was similar to that of dandelion seeds,and it had high transport and stacking efficiency in low-viscosity liquids compared with the traditional proppant.Moreover,the transportation efficiency of this newly developed proppant was investigated experimentally using six different types of fracture models(tortuous fracture model,rough fracture model,narrow fracture model,complex fracture model,large-scale single fracture model,and small-scale single fracture model).Experimental results indicated that,compared with the traditional proppant,the transportation efficiency and the packing area of the dandelion-based bionic proppant significantly improved in tap water or low-viscosity fluid.Compared with the traditional proppant,the dandelionbased bionic proppant had 0.1-4 times longer transportation length,0.3-5 times higher piling-up height,and 2-10 times larger placement area.The newly developed proppant also had some other extraordinary features.The tortuosity of the fracture did not influence the transportation of the novel proppant.This proppant could easily enter the branch fracture and narrow fracture with a high packing area in rough surface fractures.Based on the aforementioned characteristics,this novel proppant technique could improve the proppant transportation efficiency in the low-viscosity fracturing fluid and increase the ability of the proppant to enter the secondary fracture.This study might provide a new solution for effectively exploiting low-permeability hydrocarbon reservoirs.

Proppant transport in rough fracture networks using supercritical CO_(2)

Proppant transport within fractures is one of the most critical tasks in oil,gas and geothermal reservoir stimulation,as it largely determines the ultimate performance of the operating well.Proppant transport in rough fracture networks is still a relatively new area of research and the associated transport mechanisms are still unclear.In this study,representative parameters of rough fracture surfaces formed by supercritical CO_(2) fracturing were used to generate a rough fracture network model based on a spectral synthesis method.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)coupled with the discrete element method(DEM)was used to study proppant transport in this rough fracture network.To reveal the turning transport mechanism of proppants into branching fractures at the intersections of rough fracture networks,a comparison was made with the behavior within smooth fracture networks,and the effect of key pumping parameters on the proppant placement in a secondary fracture was analyzed.The results show that the transport behavior of proppant in rough fracture networks is very different from that of the one in the smooth fracture networks.The turning transport mechanisms of proppant into secondary fractures in rough fracture networks are gravity-driven sliding,high velocity fluid suspension,and fracture structure induction.Under the same injection conditions,supercritical CO_(2)with high flow Reynolds number still has a weaker ability to transport proppant into secondary fractures than water.Thickening of the supercritical CO_(2)needs to be increased beyond a certain value to have a significant effect on proppant carrying,and under the temperature and pressure conditions of this paper,it needs to be increased more than 20 times(about 0.94 m Pa s).Increasing the injection velocity and decreasing the proppant concentration facilitates the entry of proppant into the branching fractures,which in turn results in a larger stimulated reservoir volume.The results help to understand the proppant transport and placement process in rough fracture networks formed by reservoir stimulation,and provide a theoretical reference for the optimization of proppant pumping parameters in hydraulic fracturing.

Progress and development directions of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of China National Petroleum Corporation

By reviewing the development history of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of PetroChina Company Limited(PetroChina),we have systematically summarized the main progress of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of CNPC in five aspects:reservoir stimulation mechanism,fracture-controlled fracturing,geological-engineering integrated reservoir stimulation design platform,low-cost materials,and large well-pad three-dimensional development mode.It is made clear that the major stimulation technology for shale oil reservoir is the high density multi-cluster and fracture-controlled staged fracturing aiming to increase fracture-controlled reserves,lower operation costs and increase economic benefits.Based on comprehensive analysis of the challenges shale oil reservoir stimulation technology faces in three-dimensional development,stimulation parameter optimization for fracture-controlled fracturing,refracturing and low-cost stimulation technology,we proposed five development directions of the stimulation technology:(1)Strengthen the research on integration of geology and engineering to make full use of reservoir stimulation.(2)Deepen the study on fracture-controlled fracturing to improve reserves development degree.(3)Promote horizontal well three-dimensional development of shale oil to realize the production of multiple layers vertically.(4)Research refracturing technology of shale oil reservoir through horizontal well to efficiently tap the remaining reserves between fractures.(5)Develop low-cost stimulation supporting technology to help reduce the cost and increase economic benefit of oilfield development.

Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulically Induced-Fractures in Gas Reservoirs: A Case Study in Barnett Shale Gas Reservoir, Texas, USA

Microseismic technology has been proven to be a practical approach for in-situ monitoring of fracture growth during hydraulic fracture stimulations. Microseismic monitoring has rapidly evolved in acquisition methodology, data processing, and in this paper, we evaluate the progression of this technology with emphasis on their applications in Barnett shale gas reservoir. Microseismic data analysis indicates a direct proportion between microseismic moment magnitude and depth, yet no relation between microseismic activity and either injection rate or injection volume has been observed. However, large microseismic magnitudes have been recorded where hydraulic fracturing stimulation approaches a fault and therefore the geologic framework should be integrated in such programs. In addition, the geometry of fracture growth resulted by proppant interactions with naturally fractured formations follows unpredictable fashion due to redirecting the injection fluids along flow paths associated with the pre-existing fault network in the reservoir. While microseismic imaging is incredibly useful in revealing the fracture geometry and the way the fracture evolves, recently several concerns have been raised regarding the capability of microseismic data to provide the fracture dimensional parameters and the fracture mechanism that could provide detailed information for reservoir characterization.

Numerical Simulation Study on the Effect of Horizontal Well Reservoir Stimulation for Gas Hydrate Production

A new gas hydrate reservoir stimulation method of in-situ fracturing with transient heating is proposed, in line with analysis of the technological bottlenecks faced by marine gas hydrate production. This method injects the developed chemical reagents into a hydrate reservoir through hydraulic fracturing, releasing heat during the chemical reaction to increase the hydrate decomposition rate. The chemical reaction product furthermore has a honeycomb structure to support fractures and increase reservoir permeability. Based on the geological model of natural gas hydrate in the South China Sea, three development methods are simulated to evaluate hydrate production capacity, consisting of horizontal well, fractured horizontal well and in-situ fracturing with transient heating well. Compared with the horizontal well, the simulation results show that the cumulative gas production of the fractured horizontal well in one year is 7 times that of the horizontal well, while the cumulative gas production of in-situ fracturing with transient heating well is 12 times that of the horizontal well, which significantly improves daily efficiency and cumulative gas production. In addition, the variation patterns of hydrate saturation and temperature-pressure fields with production time for the three exploitation plans are presented, it being found that three sensitive parameters of fracture conductivity, fracture half-length and fracture number are positively correlated with hydrate production enhancement. Through the simulations, basic data and theoretical support for the optimization of gas hydrate reservoir stimulation scheme has been provided.

基于微地震连续裂缝网络模型的SRV研究

在干热岩的开发和改造阶段,需要对储层进行水力压裂改造,储层改造体积(stimulated reservoir volume,SRV)是评价压裂效果的主要标准。微地震监测作为水力压裂的技术环节之一,可以对储层改造体积进行有效估算。本文探讨了基于微地震连续裂缝网络模型的SRV计算方法,以指导干热岩的水力压裂工作。首先,基于微震事件时空分布特征与多项震源参数进行连续裂缝网络建模;其次,提取裂缝网格长度,并选取适当的裂缝高度与裂缝宽度以计算储层改造体积;最后,选取某双井型干热岩微地震监测数据对该方法进行实际应用。实例应用结果表明,该方法可有效估算储层改造体积,为干热岩后续开发与改造提供依据。

Practice and knowledge of volumetric development of deep fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in Tarim Basin, NW China

Different from the continental layered sandstone and fracture-pore carbonate reservoirs, the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin are mainly composed of fractured-vuggy bodies of different sizes and shapes. Based on years of study on the geological features, flow mechanisms, high-precision depiction and the recovery mode of fractured-vuggy bodies, the idea of “volumetric development” is proposed and put into practice. A “body by body” production methodology is established with respect to volumetric unit of fractures and vugs based on vuggy body’s spatial allocation and reserves. A variety of development wells, various technological methods, and multi-type injection media are used to develop this type of reservoirs in an all-around way. As a result, the resource and production structures of the Tahe oilfield are significantly improved and a highly efficient development is achieved.

基于储层甜点特征的致密砂砾岩油气藏压裂增产技术研究

中拐凸起南斜坡二叠系佳木河组二段储层为一套含浊沸石的致密砂砾岩。早期,在有利构造上钻探的直井产量均较低,2014年钻探该区第一口水平井用于提产,但因未能有效控制缝高,致深部水体锥进过快,长期试采效果差。近年来,地震地质综合研究发现,储层存在局部甜点。因下部并无隔层,压裂时需严格控制裂缝下延。通过对储层甜点特征进行梳理,综合评价了各断块甜点的优质程度,为试油段优选和新井的部署提供依据。为了实现控缝高压裂,提高单井产量和试采效果,开展人工隔层导流能力室内实验、完成人工隔层支撑剂粒径的优选,进行压裂数值模拟研究、确定了研究区形成有效厚度人工隔板的临界施工参数。研究认为,前置液阶段,改变液体黏度和排量、铺置有效人工隔层能够抑制水力裂缝向下扩展;携砂液阶段,加入一定浓度纤维,可进一步提升支撑剂对上部优质储层的支撑。这种组合控缝高工艺技术投入该区压裂实施后,有效控制了裂缝下延高度,甜点层段得到充分改造,试油及后续试采期间维持了较高油气产能,压裂提产效果明显。

神府区块深部煤层气高效开发技术研究

【目的】深部煤层气是保障国家油气安全、实现碳达峰碳中和目标的重要接替资源之一,具有广阔的开发前景。但在不同地质条件下,深部煤层气开发技术的通用性较差,在某些区块成功应用的技术不能直接推广到其他区块。目前,新区块前期勘探开发时井型、井网部署还存在一定的盲目性。因此,需要研发针对神府区块深部煤层气高效开发的储层工程改造适配性技术。【方法】首先,以鄂尔多斯盆地神府区块79口生产井实际数据为基础,从产能、经济性2个方面对直井和水平井两种井型的开发效果进行比较;其次,以神府地区深部煤层地质条件为输入参数,对深部煤层水平井的合理井长进行模拟分析;最后,通过地质气藏、钻完井、工程和经济评价等多专业结合,以单位面积经济效益为优化目标,得出神府区块深部煤层气高效开发的储层工程改造具体工艺参数。【结果和结论】结果表明:神府区块深部煤层气高效开发的适合井型为水平井;可实现效益最大化时的水平井长度范围为800~1500 m;开发的最优井距为300 m、簇间距为15~20 m、半缝长为120 m,对应的压裂总液量应为(1.8~2.4)万m^(3),总砂量(0.25~0.35)万m^(3)。在上述研究的基础上,以“段内多簇+缩短簇间距+高排量大规模注入+变黏滑溜水造缝携砂+高强度加砂+全尺度裂缝支撑+等孔径限流射孔+造复杂缝网”为核心,建立了一套适合神府区块深部煤层储层改造工艺,实现了现阶段神府区块深部煤层气的高效开发,为现阶段国内其他盆地深部煤层气资源开发提供借鉴。

济阳页岩油开发“三元”储渗理论技术与实践

基于济阳坳陷页岩油储层上万米岩心资料与60余口水平井的开发实践,提出济阳页岩油“储元”、“缝元”、“压元”的“三元”储渗理论。“三元”协同支撑济阳页岩油的富集高产:“储元”控制页岩油的富集,咸化湖盆无机孔-缝及灰-泥优质纹层组构发育利于页岩油储集,高生烃能力、高游离烃含量为高产提供物质基础;“缝元”控制页岩油的渗流,天然裂缝为页岩油的运移和聚集提供渗流通道,压裂改造缝沟通天然裂缝形成复杂缝网,为高产提供渗流基础;“压元”控制页岩油的高产稳产,高地层压力为油气运聚提供原始动力,压裂增能可进一步提高岩石及流体弹性能,强化孔缝原油渗吸置换,减缓应力敏感性,为长期稳产提供能量基础。基于“三元”储渗理论,形成了以立体井网优化、立体均衡压裂、全周期优化调控为核心的立体开发技术,有效指导了现场生产实施,为济阳页岩油规模化效益开发提供技术支撑。

深层页岩气储层水力压裂裂缝扩展影响机理

现有中浅层页岩气压裂取得的认识难以解释深层页岩气储层压裂过程中水力裂缝扩展的影响机理。为了研究四川盆地深层页岩气储层水力压裂裂缝扩展机理,文中以泸州深层页岩气区LS1平台为研究对象,进行基于地质-工程一体化的水力压裂裂缝扩展数值模拟与分析。首先,根据泸州区块目标井区储层的地质概况,建立地质模型,明确地质力学属性;然后,基于微地震和蚂蚁体数据,建立符合真实储层构造特性的离散天然裂缝网络;在此基础上,根据现场实际施工数据,建立了基于DFN的水力压裂复杂裂缝扩展模型,并基于微地震监测结果对模型进行了验证;最后,还研究了4个单因素对储层改造体积的影响特点。研究结果对深层页岩气储层水力压裂复杂缝网研究有一定的指导作用。

基于“扩缝串洞”理念的超深层小缝洞群碳酸盐岩储层改造数值模拟

随着四川盆地和塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩油气藏勘探开发逐渐迈向超深层领域,受地质条件影响,储层由大型缝洞向以厘米—毫米级小缝洞群转变,以往针对大型缝洞储层改造的酸压技术系列难以适应小缝洞群储层。为充分释放超深层小缝洞群碳酸盐岩储层的天然气产能潜力,基于小缝洞群碳酸盐岩储层特征,构建了多尺度离散缝洞方法,建立了考虑岩石变形、裂缝延伸、酸液流动反应、温度变化的热流固化多场耦合数值模型,最后提出了以多级转向扩面积、精准控黏串缝洞、定点生酸扩缝长为核心的“扩缝串洞”缝控改造理念,并对小缝洞群碳酸盐岩储层“扩缝串洞”缝控改造方式进行了优化分析。研究结果表明:①多级交替注入形成的黏性指进现象可以促进缝控改造面积的增加和裂缝非均匀刻蚀,从而提高改造后的产能,且缝控改造效果最佳;②酸液注入黏度比增加,缝控改造无因次产能指数呈现先增大后减小的规律,当黏度比超过30,缝控改造无因次产能指数开始迅速减小,缝控改造中酸液交替黏度比需控制在25~35区间;③酸液用量越大,缝控改造面积及改造后无因次产能指数越大,但对于一定地层参数和单井控制面积的缝控改造存在极限酸液用量,超过该酸液用量后缝控面积趋于极限值,而无因次产能指数仍随酸液用量的增加而稳定增大。结论认为,提高缝控改造面积和激活动用小缝洞群是小缝洞群碳酸盐岩储层提产的关键,该认识为超深层小缝洞群碳酸盐岩气藏的高效开发提供了理论指导。

大排列微地震实时监测技术在页岩油水力压裂中的应用

页岩油是重要的国家战略资源。在中国,以陆相页岩油为主,特别是济阳凹陷,页岩储层地质条件复杂,常用的裂缝识别技术包括蚂蚁体、相干体和曲率体等,无法满足精度要求,开采面临巨大挑战。为了加快页岩油的开发,在樊页1井组页岩油示范区开展基于大排列微地震实时监测,通过闭环优化过程进行施工参数迭代和技术方案优化。根据微地震震源参数,提出了计算储层改造体积和裂缝复杂性指数的新方法,用于定量评估储层改造波及范围和裂缝的复杂性。文中主要描述了在樊页1井组页岩油示范区开展的基于大排列微地震实时监测技术的地质工程一体化实践,所取得的认识和经验具有一定的借鉴价值。

中国海油低渗及非常规油气藏储层改造技术进展及展望

中国海上低渗及非常规油气开发存在产能低、投资大、操作费用高、收益较低及单井经济任务重等问题。经过技术攻关,中国海油形成了平台压裂、钻井船压裂和拖轮压裂等海上储层改造作业模式,研发出集海上低渗储层改造液体系、海上控水支撑剂技术、低渗储层压裂管柱设计和海上储层改造监测技术为一体的海上低渗储层改造技术,以及适用于陆上深煤层大规模压裂技术。本文综述了中国海上低渗油气储层改造技术及陆上深煤层大规模压裂技术研究进展,展望了未来储层改造重点发展方向,对推动中国海油低渗及非常规油气开发技术进步有重要指导意义。