Climate warming profoundly affects hydrological changes,agricultural production,and human society.Arid and semi-arid areas of China are currently displaying a marked trend of warming and wetting.The Chinese Tianshan M...Climate warming profoundly affects hydrological changes,agricultural production,and human society.Arid and semi-arid areas of China are currently displaying a marked trend of warming and wetting.The Chinese Tianshan Mountains(CTM)have a high climate sensitivity,rendering the region particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate warming.In this study,we used monthly average temperature and monthly precipitation data from the CN05.1 gridded dataset(1961-2014)and 24 global climate models(GCMs)of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)to assess the applicability of the CMIP6 GCMs in the CTM at the regional scale.Based on this,we conducted a systematic review of the interannual trends,dry-wet transitions(based on the standardized precipitation index(SPI)),and spatial distribution patterns of climate change in the CTM during 1961-2014.We further projected future temperature and precipitation changes over three terms(near-term(2021-2040),mid-term(2041-2060),and long-term(2081-2100))relative to the historical period(1961-2014)under four shared socio-economic pathway(SSP)scenarios(i.e.,SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0,and SSP5-8.5).It was found that the CTM had experienced significant warming and wetting from 1961 to 2014,and will also experience warming in the future(2021-2100).Substantial warming in 1997 was captured by both the CN05.1 derived from interpolating meteorological station data and the multi-model ensemble(MME)from the CMIP6 GCMs.The MME simulation results indicated an apparent wetting in 2008,which occurred later than the wetting observed from the CN05.1 in 1989.The GCMs generally underestimated spring temperature and overestimated both winter temperature and spring precipitation in the CTM.Warming and wetting are more rapid in the northern part of the CTM.By the end of the 21st century,all the four SSP scenarios project warmer and wetter conditions in the CTM with multiple dry-wet transitions.However,the rise in precipitation fails to counterbalance the drought induced by escalating temperature in the future,so the nature of the drought in the CTM will not change at all.Additionally,the projected summer precipitation shows negative correlation with the radiative forcing.This study holds practical implications for the awareness of climate change and subsequent research in the CTM.展开更多
人类活动和气候影响土地利用变化,而土地利用变化是影响生境质量变化最基本因素之一,探究不同气候情景下生境质量对区域土地资源可持续利用和生态保护具有重要意义。本文以南昌市为例,基于耦合SD(System dynamics)-PLUS(Patch-generatin...人类活动和气候影响土地利用变化,而土地利用变化是影响生境质量变化最基本因素之一,探究不同气候情景下生境质量对区域土地资源可持续利用和生态保护具有重要意义。本文以南昌市为例,基于耦合SD(System dynamics)-PLUS(Patch-generating land use simulation)模型模拟预测共享社会经济发展路径(Shared socioeconomic pathways, SSPs)与典型浓度路径(Representative concentration pathways, RCPs)组合情景下南昌市2035年土地利用格局,InVEST (Integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs)模型评估2000—2020年以及3种不同气候情景下南昌市2035年生境质量并进行时空变化分析,结果表明:3种情景下,2035年南昌市耕地、林地、草地面积下降,建设用地扩张迅速,水域和未利用地变化幅度较小。2000—2020年生境质量持续下降且空间分布差异较大,优等生境质量分布于山地丘陵以及湖泊水域,中、差等则分布于耕作区和城镇地区。3种气候情景下,2035年南昌市生境质量呈减速下降趋势,主要表现出中等向差等生境转换,退化程度由大到小依次为SSP585、SSP245、SSP119。研究结果可为南昌市高质量发展和生物多样性保护提供科学依据。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42261026,41971094,42161025)the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program(22ZD6FA005)+1 种基金the Higher Education Innovation Foundation of Education Department of Gansu Province(2022A041)the open foundation of Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone(XJYS0907-2023-01).
文摘Climate warming profoundly affects hydrological changes,agricultural production,and human society.Arid and semi-arid areas of China are currently displaying a marked trend of warming and wetting.The Chinese Tianshan Mountains(CTM)have a high climate sensitivity,rendering the region particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate warming.In this study,we used monthly average temperature and monthly precipitation data from the CN05.1 gridded dataset(1961-2014)and 24 global climate models(GCMs)of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)to assess the applicability of the CMIP6 GCMs in the CTM at the regional scale.Based on this,we conducted a systematic review of the interannual trends,dry-wet transitions(based on the standardized precipitation index(SPI)),and spatial distribution patterns of climate change in the CTM during 1961-2014.We further projected future temperature and precipitation changes over three terms(near-term(2021-2040),mid-term(2041-2060),and long-term(2081-2100))relative to the historical period(1961-2014)under four shared socio-economic pathway(SSP)scenarios(i.e.,SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0,and SSP5-8.5).It was found that the CTM had experienced significant warming and wetting from 1961 to 2014,and will also experience warming in the future(2021-2100).Substantial warming in 1997 was captured by both the CN05.1 derived from interpolating meteorological station data and the multi-model ensemble(MME)from the CMIP6 GCMs.The MME simulation results indicated an apparent wetting in 2008,which occurred later than the wetting observed from the CN05.1 in 1989.The GCMs generally underestimated spring temperature and overestimated both winter temperature and spring precipitation in the CTM.Warming and wetting are more rapid in the northern part of the CTM.By the end of the 21st century,all the four SSP scenarios project warmer and wetter conditions in the CTM with multiple dry-wet transitions.However,the rise in precipitation fails to counterbalance the drought induced by escalating temperature in the future,so the nature of the drought in the CTM will not change at all.Additionally,the projected summer precipitation shows negative correlation with the radiative forcing.This study holds practical implications for the awareness of climate change and subsequent research in the CTM.
文摘人类活动和气候影响土地利用变化,而土地利用变化是影响生境质量变化最基本因素之一,探究不同气候情景下生境质量对区域土地资源可持续利用和生态保护具有重要意义。本文以南昌市为例,基于耦合SD(System dynamics)-PLUS(Patch-generating land use simulation)模型模拟预测共享社会经济发展路径(Shared socioeconomic pathways, SSPs)与典型浓度路径(Representative concentration pathways, RCPs)组合情景下南昌市2035年土地利用格局,InVEST (Integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs)模型评估2000—2020年以及3种不同气候情景下南昌市2035年生境质量并进行时空变化分析,结果表明:3种情景下,2035年南昌市耕地、林地、草地面积下降,建设用地扩张迅速,水域和未利用地变化幅度较小。2000—2020年生境质量持续下降且空间分布差异较大,优等生境质量分布于山地丘陵以及湖泊水域,中、差等则分布于耕作区和城镇地区。3种气候情景下,2035年南昌市生境质量呈减速下降趋势,主要表现出中等向差等生境转换,退化程度由大到小依次为SSP585、SSP245、SSP119。研究结果可为南昌市高质量发展和生物多样性保护提供科学依据。
