Peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） is an important source crop for edible oil and protein. It is important to identify the genetic diversity of peanut genetic resources for cultivar development and evaluation of peanut ac...Peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） is an important source crop for edible oil and protein. It is important to identify the genetic diversity of peanut genetic resources for cultivar development and evaluation of peanut accessions. Thirty-four SSR markers were used to assess the genetic variation of four sets of twenty-four accessions each from the four botanical varieties of the cultivated peanut. Among the tested accessions, ten to sixteen pairs of SSR primers showed polymorphisms. The maximum differentiation index, which was defined as the degree of genetic differentiation, was as high as 0.992 in the tested accessions. Each accession could be discriminated by a specific set of polymorphic SSR primers, and the intra-variety genetic distance was determined among accessions, with an average of 0.59 in var. fastigiata, 0.46 in var. hypogaea, 0.38 in var. vulgaris, and 0.17 in var. hirsuta. Dendrogrames based on genetic distances were constructed for the four botanical varieties, which revealed the existence of different clusters. It was concluded that there was abundant intra-variety SSR polymorphism, and with more and more SSR markers being developed, the intrinsic genetic diversity would be detected and the development of genetic map and marker-assisted selection for cultivated peanut would be feasible.展开更多
Bacterial wilt （BW） caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is an important constraint to peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） production in several Asian and African countries, and planting BW-resistant cultivars is the most fe...Bacterial wilt （BW） caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is an important constraint to peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） production in several Asian and African countries, and planting BW-resistant cultivars is the most feasible method for controlling the disease. Although several BW-resistant peanut germplasm accessions have been identified, the genetic diversity among these has not been properly investigated, which has impeded efficient utilization. In this study, the genetic relationships of 31 peanut genotypes with various levels of resistance to BW were assessed based on SSR and AFLP analyses. Twenty-nine of 78 SSR primers and 32 of 126 AFLP primer combinations employed in this study were polymorphic amongst the peanut genotypes tested. The SSR primers amplified 91 polymorphic loci in total with an average of 3.14 alleles per primer, and the AFLP primers amplified 72 polymorphic loci in total with an average of 2.25 alleles per primer. Four SSR primers （14H06, 7G02, 3A8, 16C6） and one AFLP primer （P1M62） were found to be most efficient in detecting diversity. The genetic distance between pairs of genotypes ranged from 0.12 to 0.94 with an average of 0.53 in the SSR data and from 0.06 to 0.57 with an average of 0.25 in the AFLP data. The SSR-based estimates of the genetic distance were generally larger than that based on the AFLP data. The genotypes belonging to subsp, fastigiata possessed wider diversity than that of subsp, hypogaea. The clustering of genotypes based on the SSR and AFLP data were similar but the SSR clustering was more consistent with morphological classification ofA. hypogaea. Optimum diverse genotypes of both subsp, hypogaea and subsp.fastigiata can be recommended based on this analysis for developing mapping populations and breeding for high yielding and resistant cultivars.展开更多
A total of 206 SSR （Simple Sequence Repeats） primer pairs were used to detect genetic diversity in 52 accessions of three unique wheat varieties of western China. A total of 488, 472, and 308 allelic variants were d...A total of 206 SSR （Simple Sequence Repeats） primer pairs were used to detect genetic diversity in 52 accessions of three unique wheat varieties of western China. A total of 488, 472, and 308 allelic variants were detected in 31 Yunnan, 15 Tibetan and 6 Xinjiang wheat accessions with an average of PIC values 0.2764, 0.3082, and 0.1944, respectively. Substantial differences in allelic polymorphisms were detected by SSR markers in all the 21 chromosomes, the 7 homoeologous groups, and the three genomes （A, B, and D） in Yunnan, Tibetan, and Xinjiang wheat. The highest and lowest allelic polymorphisms in all the 21 chromosomes were observed in 3B and 1D chromosomes, respectively. The lowest and highest allelic polymorphisms among the seven homoeologous groups was observed in 6 and 3 homoeologous groups, respectively. Among the three genomes, B genome showed the highest, A the intermediate, and D the lowest allelic polymorphism. The genetic distance （GD） indexes within Yunnan, Tibetan, and Xinjiang wheat, and between different wheat types were calculated. The GD value was found to be much higher within Yunnan and Tibetan wheat than within Xinjiang wheat, but the GD value between Yunnan and Tibetan wheat was lower than those between Yunnan and Xinjiang wheat, and between Tibetan and Xinjiang wheat. The cluster analysis indicated a closer relationship between Yunnan and Tibetan wheat than that between Yunnan and Xinjiang wheat or between Tibetan and Xinjiang wheat.展开更多
In order to evaluate the genetic relationships between glutinous sorghum germplasms, 25 pair of SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of29 varieties. The result showed that a total of 59 alleles were ...In order to evaluate the genetic relationships between glutinous sorghum germplasms, 25 pair of SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of29 varieties. The result showed that a total of 59 alleles were identified with an average of 2.28 alleles per locus. The average effective number of alleles（NE） was1.81.The average polymorphism information content（PIC） varied widely from 0.17 to0.62 with an average value of 0.34.The similarity coefficients of the 29 glutinous sorghum germplasms ranged from 0.203 to 0.949 with an average value of 0.593.Clustering analysis with UPGMA showed that the varieties could be divided into two groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.475.The varieties from different geographic originswere clustered into one subclass, and the varieties with similar agronomic traits were clustered into one subclass, which indicated that the genetic relationships among materials was not in accordance with their geographical origins,and the glutinous sorghum germplasm resources showed abundant genetic diversity in the study.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to analyze genetic diversity of SSR markers in Hordeum vulgare L.in Qinghai Province and lay a foundation for screening and protecting some excellent H.vulgare cultivars.[Method]SSR markers were...[Objective]The aim was to analyze genetic diversity of SSR markers in Hordeum vulgare L.in Qinghai Province and lay a foundation for screening and protecting some excellent H.vulgare cultivars.[Method]SSR markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 42 cultivated H.vulgare from Qinghai Province.[Result]42 H.vulgare showed polymorphism in 7 SSR markers locus.A total of 24 alleles were identified,and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 6,with an average of 3.0.According to SSR markers polymorphism,42 H.vulgare could be divided into 4 groups,namely I,II,III and IV.[Result]The study indicated that cultivated H.vulgare from Qinghai Province is rich in genetic diversity,which will provide reference for selecting parent of H.vulgare breeding.展开更多
Taro （Colocasia esculenta L. Schott） is an important underutilised crop in South Africa, East Africa and Indonesia. Three taro landraces, namely, Dumbe Lomfula （wild）, KwaNgwanase and Umbumbulu, were collected fro...Taro （Colocasia esculenta L. Schott） is an important underutilised crop in South Africa, East Africa and Indonesia. Three taro landraces, namely, Dumbe Lomfula （wild）, KwaNgwanase and Umbumbulu, were collected from two locations in KwaZulu-Natal （KZN）, South Africa, and planted at two locations, Pietermaritzburg （KZN） and Roodeplaat, Pretoria. Ago-morphological characterisation of vegetative and corm characteristics were done four months after planting and at harvest, respectively. Sampling for DNA fingerprinting using five SSR primers was done using leaf material four months after planting. Agro-morphological characterisation was useful in showing differences between the wild landrace and the two cultivated landraces, as well as identification of dasheen and eddoe types. SSR primer characterisation showed that despite significant morphological difference, the wild Dumbe Lomfula and Umbumbulu landraces were closely related but different from the KwaNgwanase landrace. Although landraces showed great morphological variation, this did not necessarily imply genetic variation. It is concluded that SSR primers are more useful for characterising taro landraces.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the genetic diversity of dominant middle-late mature maize hybrids in Jilin Province by the use of Simple sequence repeats （SSRs） molecular mark.[Method] PCR amplification was carrie...[Objective] The aim was to study the genetic diversity of dominant middle-late mature maize hybrids in Jilin Province by the use of Simple sequence repeats （SSRs） molecular mark.[Method] PCR amplification was carried out based on ten core SSR primers and the amplification products were detected through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.[Result] Ten core SSR primers gave clear and stable profiles amplified in samples of 43 maize hybrids.A total of 110 polymorphic amplified fragments were produced by 10 primers.The average number of allele per SSR locus was 11 which varied from 4 to 17.The polymorphism information content （PIC） for the SSR loci ranged from 0.63 to 0.93 with an average of 0.842.Genetic similarities among the 43 maize hybrids varied from 0.664 to 0.918 with an average of 0.774 and those among 30 maize hybrids were greater than 0.85.Combined with the cluster analysis and pedigree origin of 43 maize hybrids,it was found that there were more genetic similarities among the 43 maize hybrids.[Conclusion] The germplasm resources of middle-late mature maize hybrids in Jilin Province were comparatively narrow and waited for innovation.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to investigate the genetic diversity of the main commercial varieties of Brassica napus in Guizhou Province at the molecular level. [Method] Nine main commercial rapeseed cultivars in Guizhou w...[Objective] The aim was to investigate the genetic diversity of the main commercial varieties of Brassica napus in Guizhou Province at the molecular level. [Method] Nine main commercial rapeseed cultivars in Guizhou were detected by 40 pairs of SSR primers used in the national regional trial of B. napus, and then clus-tering analysis was carried out. [Result] A total of 191 bands were amplified, and 143 （accounting for 75%） of them showed polymorphism among the nine rapeseed cultivars. By cluster analysis, the nine cultivars were divided into two groups. Group A included seven varieties, and group B consisted of two cultivars from Guizhou In-stitute of Oil Crops. The cultivars in group A were further divided into sub-groups A1 and A2 at the similarity coefficient of 0.643 4. Sub-group A1 included three culti-vars from Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, and sub-group A2 included the other four cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops. [Conclusion] The cultivars bred by the same institute had similar genetic background. The cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops showed wider genetic basis. However, the genetic similarity coefficient between Qianyou 17 and Qianyou 29 was up to 0.87, suggesting that they shared closer genetic basis.展开更多
[Objective] This study was to reveal the genetic characteristics of colored cotton varieties grown in Xinjiang. [Method] Five white upland and two white sea is- land cotton varieties were processed complete diallel cr...[Objective] This study was to reveal the genetic characteristics of colored cotton varieties grown in Xinjiang. [Method] Five white upland and two white sea is- land cotton varieties were processed complete diallel crosses with five brown cotton varieties and five green cotton varieties respectively, constructing 96 F2 populations, and the population number of those in line with Mendel＇s law were counted. The individual fiber colors were statistically analyzed in each F2 generation. The cluster analysis was carried out to the parents based on their agronomic traits, and the SSR was used to analyze the genetic diversity of parents. [Result] Both green and brown fiber colors were determined by single nuclear gene; brown fiber color mainly presented dominant heredity, while green fiber color presented dominant, incomplete dominant or recessive heredity. The cluster analysis indicated that brown cotton vari- eties in Xinjiang had closer genetic relationships with Xinjiang-native upland cotton varieties than other upland cotton varieties in China, but distant from sea island cot- ton varieties; while green cotton varieties grown in Xinjiang showed distant genetic relationships with both native and other upland cotton varieties in China, and most distant from sea island varieties. SSR genetic diversity analysis of the parents showed that in all white/brown cross combinations, Xinluzao31 and Xincaimian11 showed the highest polymorphism while 293-ZM-2 and Xincaimian5 showed the low- est; in white/green cross combinations, Xinluzao31 and Green 85 showed the highest polymorphism while Xinluzao13 and Xingcaimian12 showed the lowest. [Conclusion] According to the genetic model and cluster analysis of colored cotton, the quality of cotton can be improved by hybridizing the colored cotton with Xinjiang native or in- land cotton varieties of China. This study provides germplasm resources and further study basis for the breeding of new colored cotton varieties, and materials to the fiber color gene mapping and cloning in future, as well as the technical assurance for the directional breeding of quality colored cotton varieties.展开更多
Chinese bayberry （Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.） is one of the important subtropical fruit crops native to the South of China and Asian countries. In this study, 107 novel simple sequence repeat （SSR） molecular mark...Chinese bayberry （Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.） is one of the important subtropical fruit crops native to the South of China and Asian countries. In this study, 107 novel simple sequence repeat （SSR） molecular markers, a powerful tool for genetic diversity studies, cultivar identification, and linkage map construction, were developed and characterized from whole genome shotgun sequences. M13 tailing for forward primers was applied as a simple method in different situations. In total, 828 alleles across 45 accessions were detected, with an average of 8 alleles per locus. The number of effective alleles ranged from 1.22 to 10.41 with an average of 4.08. The polymorphic information content （PIC） varied from 0.13 to 0.89, with an average of 0.63. Moreover, these markers could also be amplified in their related species Myrica cerifera （syn. More/la cerifera） and Myrica adenophora. Seventy-eight SSR markers can be used to produce a genetic map of a cross between ＇Biqi＇ and ＇Dongkui＇. A neighbor-joining （N J） tree was con- structed to assess the genetic relationships among accessions, and the elite accessions ＇Y2010-70＇, ＇Y2012-140＇, and ＇Y2012-145＇, were characterized as potential new genotypes for cultivation.展开更多
A total of 8375 genic simple sequence repeat（SSR） loci were discovered from a unigene set assembled from 116282 transcriptomic unigenes in this study.Dinucleotide repeat motifs were the most common with a frequency ...A total of 8375 genic simple sequence repeat（SSR） loci were discovered from a unigene set assembled from 116282 transcriptomic unigenes in this study.Dinucleotide repeat motifs were the most common with a frequency of 65.11%,followed by trinucleotide（32.81%）.A total of 4100 primer pairs were designed from the SSR loci.Of these,343 primer pairs（repeat length≥15 bp） were synthesized with an M13 tail and tested for stable amplification and polymorphism in four Pyrus accessions.After the preliminary test,104 polymorphic genic SSR markers were developed; dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeats represented 97.11%（101） of these.Twenty-eight polymorphic genic SSR markers were selected randomly to further validate genetic diversity among 28 Pyrus accessions.These markers displayed a high level of polymorphism.The number of alleles at these SSR loci ranged from 2 to 17,with a mean of 9.43 alleles per locus,and the polymorphism information content（PIC） values ranged from 0.26 to 0.91.The UPGMA（unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average） cluster analysis grouped the 28 Pyrus accessions into two groups： Oriental pears and Occidental pears,which are congruent to the traditional taxonomy,demonstrating their effectiveness in analyzing Pyrus phylogenetic relationships,enriching rare Pyrus EST-SSR resources,and confirming the potential value of a pear transcriptome database for the development of new SSR markers.展开更多
基金This work was supported by Guangxi Natural Sciences Foundation (No. 0542027) Science and Technology Development Foundation of GXAAS (No. 200301).
文摘Peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） is an important source crop for edible oil and protein. It is important to identify the genetic diversity of peanut genetic resources for cultivar development and evaluation of peanut accessions. Thirty-four SSR markers were used to assess the genetic variation of four sets of twenty-four accessions each from the four botanical varieties of the cultivated peanut. Among the tested accessions, ten to sixteen pairs of SSR primers showed polymorphisms. The maximum differentiation index, which was defined as the degree of genetic differentiation, was as high as 0.992 in the tested accessions. Each accession could be discriminated by a specific set of polymorphic SSR primers, and the intra-variety genetic distance was determined among accessions, with an average of 0.59 in var. fastigiata, 0.46 in var. hypogaea, 0.38 in var. vulgaris, and 0.17 in var. hirsuta. Dendrogrames based on genetic distances were constructed for the four botanical varieties, which revealed the existence of different clusters. It was concluded that there was abundant intra-variety SSR polymorphism, and with more and more SSR markers being developed, the intrinsic genetic diversity would be detected and the development of genetic map and marker-assisted selection for cultivated peanut would be feasible.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.30070521 and 30270840).
文摘Bacterial wilt （BW） caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is an important constraint to peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） production in several Asian and African countries, and planting BW-resistant cultivars is the most feasible method for controlling the disease. Although several BW-resistant peanut germplasm accessions have been identified, the genetic diversity among these has not been properly investigated, which has impeded efficient utilization. In this study, the genetic relationships of 31 peanut genotypes with various levels of resistance to BW were assessed based on SSR and AFLP analyses. Twenty-nine of 78 SSR primers and 32 of 126 AFLP primer combinations employed in this study were polymorphic amongst the peanut genotypes tested. The SSR primers amplified 91 polymorphic loci in total with an average of 3.14 alleles per primer, and the AFLP primers amplified 72 polymorphic loci in total with an average of 2.25 alleles per primer. Four SSR primers （14H06, 7G02, 3A8, 16C6） and one AFLP primer （P1M62） were found to be most efficient in detecting diversity. The genetic distance between pairs of genotypes ranged from 0.12 to 0.94 with an average of 0.53 in the SSR data and from 0.06 to 0.57 with an average of 0.25 in the AFLP data. The SSR-based estimates of the genetic distance were generally larger than that based on the AFLP data. The genotypes belonging to subsp, fastigiata possessed wider diversity than that of subsp, hypogaea. The clustering of genotypes based on the SSR and AFLP data were similar but the SSR clustering was more consistent with morphological classification ofA. hypogaea. Optimum diverse genotypes of both subsp, hypogaea and subsp.fastigiata can be recommended based on this analysis for developing mapping populations and breeding for high yielding and resistant cultivars.
基金Hi-Tech Research and Development (863) Program of China (No. 2006AA10Z1F6)Hi-Tech Re-search of Jiangsu Province (No.BG2005310)+2 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (No.10418) (PCSIRT)Innovation Foundation of Young Science and Technology of Nanjing Agriculture UniversityIntroduction of Talents Foundation of Nanjing Agriculture University.
文摘A total of 206 SSR （Simple Sequence Repeats） primer pairs were used to detect genetic diversity in 52 accessions of three unique wheat varieties of western China. A total of 488, 472, and 308 allelic variants were detected in 31 Yunnan, 15 Tibetan and 6 Xinjiang wheat accessions with an average of PIC values 0.2764, 0.3082, and 0.1944, respectively. Substantial differences in allelic polymorphisms were detected by SSR markers in all the 21 chromosomes, the 7 homoeologous groups, and the three genomes （A, B, and D） in Yunnan, Tibetan, and Xinjiang wheat. The highest and lowest allelic polymorphisms in all the 21 chromosomes were observed in 3B and 1D chromosomes, respectively. The lowest and highest allelic polymorphisms among the seven homoeologous groups was observed in 6 and 3 homoeologous groups, respectively. Among the three genomes, B genome showed the highest, A the intermediate, and D the lowest allelic polymorphism. The genetic distance （GD） indexes within Yunnan, Tibetan, and Xinjiang wheat, and between different wheat types were calculated. The GD value was found to be much higher within Yunnan and Tibetan wheat than within Xinjiang wheat, but the GD value between Yunnan and Tibetan wheat was lower than those between Yunnan and Xinjiang wheat, and between Tibetan and Xinjiang wheat. The cluster analysis indicated a closer relationship between Yunnan and Tibetan wheat than that between Yunnan and Xinjiang wheat or between Tibetan and Xinjiang wheat.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(CARS-06-01-05)Secondary Subproject of the National Key Technology Research and Development Program during the 12~th Five-year Plan Period of China(2014BAD07B02-2-2)Key Project of Crop Breeding of Sichuang Province(2011NZ0098-6)~~
文摘In order to evaluate the genetic relationships between glutinous sorghum germplasms, 25 pair of SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of29 varieties. The result showed that a total of 59 alleles were identified with an average of 2.28 alleles per locus. The average effective number of alleles（NE） was1.81.The average polymorphism information content（PIC） varied widely from 0.17 to0.62 with an average value of 0.34.The similarity coefficients of the 29 glutinous sorghum germplasms ranged from 0.203 to 0.949 with an average value of 0.593.Clustering analysis with UPGMA showed that the varieties could be divided into two groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.475.The varieties from different geographic originswere clustered into one subclass, and the varieties with similar agronomic traits were clustered into one subclass, which indicated that the genetic relationships among materials was not in accordance with their geographical origins,and the glutinous sorghum germplasm resources showed abundant genetic diversity in the study.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Projects(2007BAD64B01)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to analyze genetic diversity of SSR markers in Hordeum vulgare L.in Qinghai Province and lay a foundation for screening and protecting some excellent H.vulgare cultivars.[Method]SSR markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 42 cultivated H.vulgare from Qinghai Province.[Result]42 H.vulgare showed polymorphism in 7 SSR markers locus.A total of 24 alleles were identified,and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 6,with an average of 3.0.According to SSR markers polymorphism,42 H.vulgare could be divided into 4 groups,namely I,II,III and IV.[Result]The study indicated that cultivated H.vulgare from Qinghai Province is rich in genetic diversity,which will provide reference for selecting parent of H.vulgare breeding.
文摘Taro （Colocasia esculenta L. Schott） is an important underutilised crop in South Africa, East Africa and Indonesia. Three taro landraces, namely, Dumbe Lomfula （wild）, KwaNgwanase and Umbumbulu, were collected from two locations in KwaZulu-Natal （KZN）, South Africa, and planted at two locations, Pietermaritzburg （KZN） and Roodeplaat, Pretoria. Ago-morphological characterisation of vegetative and corm characteristics were done four months after planting and at harvest, respectively. Sampling for DNA fingerprinting using five SSR primers was done using leaf material four months after planting. Agro-morphological characterisation was useful in showing differences between the wild landrace and the two cultivated landraces, as well as identification of dasheen and eddoe types. SSR primer characterisation showed that despite significant morphological difference, the wild Dumbe Lomfula and Umbumbulu landraces were closely related but different from the KwaNgwanase landrace. Although landraces showed great morphological variation, this did not necessarily imply genetic variation. It is concluded that SSR primers are more useful for characterising taro landraces.
基金Supported by 948 Ministry of Agriculture Project (2009Z-1)Development Project of Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province ( 20090155 )Science Foundation of China Postdoctoral(200904501024)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the genetic diversity of dominant middle-late mature maize hybrids in Jilin Province by the use of Simple sequence repeats （SSRs） molecular mark.[Method] PCR amplification was carried out based on ten core SSR primers and the amplification products were detected through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.[Result] Ten core SSR primers gave clear and stable profiles amplified in samples of 43 maize hybrids.A total of 110 polymorphic amplified fragments were produced by 10 primers.The average number of allele per SSR locus was 11 which varied from 4 to 17.The polymorphism information content （PIC） for the SSR loci ranged from 0.63 to 0.93 with an average of 0.842.Genetic similarities among the 43 maize hybrids varied from 0.664 to 0.918 with an average of 0.774 and those among 30 maize hybrids were greater than 0.85.Combined with the cluster analysis and pedigree origin of 43 maize hybrids,it was found that there were more genetic similarities among the 43 maize hybrids.[Conclusion] The germplasm resources of middle-late mature maize hybrids in Jilin Province were comparatively narrow and waited for innovation.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Seed Breeding from Guizhou Provincial Agricultural Committee[(2012)026]Agricultural Science and Technology Research Program of Department of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province[(2013)3003]+1 种基金Agricultural Science and Technology Research Program of Department of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province[(2013)3088]a grant from the Central Authorities of China for Supporting Local Platform Construction[(2011)4001]~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to investigate the genetic diversity of the main commercial varieties of Brassica napus in Guizhou Province at the molecular level. [Method] Nine main commercial rapeseed cultivars in Guizhou were detected by 40 pairs of SSR primers used in the national regional trial of B. napus, and then clus-tering analysis was carried out. [Result] A total of 191 bands were amplified, and 143 （accounting for 75%） of them showed polymorphism among the nine rapeseed cultivars. By cluster analysis, the nine cultivars were divided into two groups. Group A included seven varieties, and group B consisted of two cultivars from Guizhou In-stitute of Oil Crops. The cultivars in group A were further divided into sub-groups A1 and A2 at the similarity coefficient of 0.643 4. Sub-group A1 included three culti-vars from Guizhou Rapeseed Institute, and sub-group A2 included the other four cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops. [Conclusion] The cultivars bred by the same institute had similar genetic background. The cultivars from Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops showed wider genetic basis. However, the genetic similarity coefficient between Qianyou 17 and Qianyou 29 was up to 0.87, suggesting that they shared closer genetic basis.
基金Supported by the Doctoral Foundation of Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (RCPY200802,Y12S22401)the Technology Support Plan to Xinjiang by the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2008ZJ05)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was to reveal the genetic characteristics of colored cotton varieties grown in Xinjiang. [Method] Five white upland and two white sea is- land cotton varieties were processed complete diallel crosses with five brown cotton varieties and five green cotton varieties respectively, constructing 96 F2 populations, and the population number of those in line with Mendel＇s law were counted. The individual fiber colors were statistically analyzed in each F2 generation. The cluster analysis was carried out to the parents based on their agronomic traits, and the SSR was used to analyze the genetic diversity of parents. [Result] Both green and brown fiber colors were determined by single nuclear gene; brown fiber color mainly presented dominant heredity, while green fiber color presented dominant, incomplete dominant or recessive heredity. The cluster analysis indicated that brown cotton vari- eties in Xinjiang had closer genetic relationships with Xinjiang-native upland cotton varieties than other upland cotton varieties in China, but distant from sea island cot- ton varieties; while green cotton varieties grown in Xinjiang showed distant genetic relationships with both native and other upland cotton varieties in China, and most distant from sea island varieties. SSR genetic diversity analysis of the parents showed that in all white/brown cross combinations, Xinluzao31 and Xincaimian11 showed the highest polymorphism while 293-ZM-2 and Xincaimian5 showed the low- est; in white/green cross combinations, Xinluzao31 and Green 85 showed the highest polymorphism while Xinluzao13 and Xingcaimian12 showed the lowest. [Conclusion] According to the genetic model and cluster analysis of colored cotton, the quality of cotton can be improved by hybridizing the colored cotton with Xinjiang native or in- land cotton varieties of China. This study provides germplasm resources and further study basis for the breeding of new colored cotton varieties, and materials to the fiber color gene mapping and cloning in future, as well as the technical assurance for the directional breeding of quality colored cotton varieties.
基金supported by the Ningbo Science and Technology Bureau(No.2012C10012)the Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2012C12904)the Yuyao Financial Bureau for Chinese Bayberry Breeding Program,China
文摘Chinese bayberry （Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.） is one of the important subtropical fruit crops native to the South of China and Asian countries. In this study, 107 novel simple sequence repeat （SSR） molecular markers, a powerful tool for genetic diversity studies, cultivar identification, and linkage map construction, were developed and characterized from whole genome shotgun sequences. M13 tailing for forward primers was applied as a simple method in different situations. In total, 828 alleles across 45 accessions were detected, with an average of 8 alleles per locus. The number of effective alleles ranged from 1.22 to 10.41 with an average of 4.08. The polymorphic information content （PIC） varied from 0.13 to 0.89, with an average of 0.63. Moreover, these markers could also be amplified in their related species Myrica cerifera （syn. More/la cerifera） and Myrica adenophora. Seventy-eight SSR markers can be used to produce a genetic map of a cross between ＇Biqi＇ and ＇Dongkui＇. A neighbor-joining （N J） tree was con- structed to assess the genetic relationships among accessions, and the elite accessions ＇Y2010-70＇, ＇Y2012-140＇, and ＇Y2012-145＇, were characterized as potential new genotypes for cultivation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31201592)the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(No.nycytx-29-14)the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20110101110091),China
文摘A total of 8375 genic simple sequence repeat（SSR） loci were discovered from a unigene set assembled from 116282 transcriptomic unigenes in this study.Dinucleotide repeat motifs were the most common with a frequency of 65.11%,followed by trinucleotide（32.81%）.A total of 4100 primer pairs were designed from the SSR loci.Of these,343 primer pairs（repeat length≥15 bp） were synthesized with an M13 tail and tested for stable amplification and polymorphism in four Pyrus accessions.After the preliminary test,104 polymorphic genic SSR markers were developed; dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeats represented 97.11%（101） of these.Twenty-eight polymorphic genic SSR markers were selected randomly to further validate genetic diversity among 28 Pyrus accessions.These markers displayed a high level of polymorphism.The number of alleles at these SSR loci ranged from 2 to 17,with a mean of 9.43 alleles per locus,and the polymorphism information content（PIC） values ranged from 0.26 to 0.91.The UPGMA（unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average） cluster analysis grouped the 28 Pyrus accessions into two groups： Oriental pears and Occidental pears,which are congruent to the traditional taxonomy,demonstrating their effectiveness in analyzing Pyrus phylogenetic relationships,enriching rare Pyrus EST-SSR resources,and confirming the potential value of a pear transcriptome database for the development of new SSR markers.
