Risk factors and digital interventions for anxiety disorders in college students:Stakeholder perspectives

The worldwide prevalence of anxiety disorders among college students is high,which negatively affects countries,schools,families,and individual students to varying degrees.This paper reviews the relevant literature regarding risk factors and digital interventions for anxiety disorders among college students from the perspectives of different stakeholders.Risk factors at the national and societal levels include class differences and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.College-level risk factors include the indoor environment design of the college environment,peer relationships,student satisfaction with college culture,and school functional levels.Family-level risk factors include parenting style,family relationship,and parental level of education.Individual-level risk factors include biological factors,lifestyle,and personality.Among the intervention options for college students'anxiety disorders,in addition to traditional cognitive behavioral therapy,mindfulness-based interventions,psychological counseling,and group counseling,digital mental health interventions are increasingly popular due to their low cost,positive effect,and convenient diagnostics and treatment.To better apply digital intervention to the prevention and treatment of college students'anxiety,this paper suggests that the different stakeholders form a synergy among themselves.The nation and society should provide necessary policy guarantees,financial support,and moral and ethical supervision for the prevention and treatment of college students'anxiety disorders.Colleges should actively participate in the screening and intervention of college students'anxiety disorders.Families should increase their awareness of college students'anxiety disorders and take the initiative to study and understand various digital intervention methods.College students with anxiety disorders should actively seek psychological assistance and actively accept and participate in digital intervention projects and services.We believe that in the future,the application of methods such as big data and artificial intelligence to improve digital interventions and provide individualized treatment plans will become the primary means of preventing and treating anxiety disorders among college students.

Lagos State Hospital Waste Management Practices: A Descriptive Overview with Stakeholders’ Role and Key Recommendations

Background: Waste generation and its disposal is an essential issue in the sustainability of the environment and the planet’s future. Waste management is essential across sectors, likewise the health sector. Therefore, there is a need to employ extra care and attention to handling waste generated from healthcare facilities to avoid the dangers of poor biomedical waste management. We carried out this study to examine the waste management practice in healthcare facilities in Lagos State. Methods: The study was a descriptive survey carried out in one-thousand two hundred and fifty-six (1256) healthcare facilities in Lagos State. Nine hundred sixty-nine (969) of these facilities are located in urban areas, while two hundred and eighty-seven (287) are rural. The facilities studied are government/public health facilities (15.45%), private-for-profit facilities (82.88%), NGOs, Mission/Faith-Based medical facilities (1.67%). The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Specifically, we utilized bar charts, frequency, and percentage. Result: The result shows that 98.4% (1236) of the studied facilities are registered with the Lagos State Waste Management Authority (LAWMA), while 1.6% (20) are not registered. 98.5% (191) of the 194 government-owned facilities, 98.5% (1025) of the 1041 private-for-profit facilities, and 98.2% (20) of the 21 NGOs/faith-based health facilities are registered with Lagos State Waste Management Authority. The result also shows that 94% of the healthcare facilities studied in Lagos State use color-coded waste bags to segregate waste at the point of origin. 58.7% of the facilities use red-colored bags, 33.3% use yellow-colored bags, 10.7% use black-colored bags, and 1.3% use brown biohazard bags for segregating Infectious waste. Also, 34.2% of the health facilities in Lagos state use red-colored bags, 36.9% use yellow-colored bags, 11% use black-colored bags, and 4.1% use brown-colored bags to segregate their hazardous waste. Conclusion: Some healthcare facilities in Lagos State do not follow the recommended guidelines for medical waste segregation. Waste generated is not appropriately segregated at the point of origin into the recommended colored bags/bins in some facilities. Thus, a policy and procedure regulating healthcare waste are mandatory. It is important to regularly train healthcare workers on proper waste management practices and encourage staff to read and apply WHO rules in managing healthcare waste. Healthcare personnel should realize that hazardous material is a potential cause of a public disaster.

Meteorological satellite stakeholder relationship network based on social network analysis

The meteorological satellite service range is extensive,and science and technology and related industries have become beneficiaries of it.The complex meteorological satellite stakeholder relationship warrants quantitative evaluation.This study investigates the meteorological satellite stakeholder relationship network to provide a new research perspective for meteorological satellites in the field of management.For literature analysis,16 meteorological satellite stakeholders are identified through keyword screening,classified,and coded.A meteorological satellite stakeholder relationship network model is then constructed through social network analysis(SNA).Ego,local,and overall networks are analyzed from three perspectives to measure the network principle and to form a relationship network coordination degree evaluation system.The improved analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is then used to determine index weights and evaluate the relationship network coordination process design comprehensively.In empirical analysis,data for the meteorological satellite Fengyun-4 are obtained through questionnaire survey and literature analysis.Ucinet6 is used to generate relationship networks and analyze various stakeholder roles and status,stakeholder relationship network coordination degree,and evaluation results.The results demonstrate that the competent meteorological satellite department,the meteorological administration,the National Meteorological Centre,and the government are in the center of the Fengyun-4 stakeholder relationship network,with coordination degree in an“average”state.Thus,establishing a stakeholder coordination mechanism may strengthen connection and promote the development of meteorological undertakings.

Game analysis of Chinese stakeholders in collective forest rights system reform

In the current stage of Chinese forest ownership reform,the central and local governments as well as the forest farmers play different roles with variations in their expected returns.Managing these respective relationships between the forestry stakeholders to maximize their benefits while actively engaging each stakeholder in the collective forest ownership reform process has become an important issue.This study uses the game theory methodology to analyze the relationship between the different reform stakeholders and then builds on the forest farmers' participation in the reform model process at the reform movement micro-level.This model calculates the forest products equilibrium marketing sales and the government subsidies provided to the forest farmers,when the forest farmers willingly participate in the reform process.It will provide a reliable basis for formulation of government policies which positively impacts Chinese forestry reform.

Adaptability, Entrepreneurship and Stakeholder Integration: Scenarios and Strategies for Environment and Vulnerability

The “vicious circle” between poverty and environmental deterioration is a major challenge for those developmental approaches which look to improve the welfare of vulnerable communities. Environmental deterioration increases poverty while, at the same time, poverty causes further environmental deterioration as the business activities which communities depend upon for survival aggravate environmental deterioration by causing pollution and waste. It is therefore necessary that firms and communities collaborate in order to develop innovative solutions to break this vicious circle. This paper argues that such collaboration should be based on genuine stakeholders’ integration and entrepreneurship, proposes a holistic framework to guide business intervention strategies, and further explores collaboration scenarios between firms and communities.

Ordinary Biodiversity, Local Stakeholders and Forest Management as a Driver for Regional Sustainable Development

The protection of biodiversity which had long been bounded up with emblematic “natural” spaces is now increasingly focusing on ordinary biodiversity and rural agricultural land and forests as well as on urban and peri-urban spaces. Such ordinary biodiversity has its own specific features which make it both a relative and uncertain topic of research. Traditional nature protection instruments do not work on this dimension of the planet’s living tissue and new tools need to be deployed in conjunction with regional and local stakeholders that will provide long-term sustainable solutions for biodiversity and for local and regional development more generally. Research conducted on the Plateau de Millevaches explores the possibilities for shared caring for this biodiversity.

Stakeholder Participation in Project Planning: Prerequisite to Effective Completion of Urban Road Transport Infrastructure Projects in Kenya

Stakeholder involvement in the project planning process should include a variety of actors with different roles and responsibilities at the planning phase of the project life cycle. Failure to adequately plan greatly reduces the project’s chances of successfully accomplishing its goals. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of stakeholder participation in project planning on the completion of urban road transport-infrastructure projects in Kenya. Pragmatic research paradigm was utilized for this study to facilitate mixed research methods. The study adopted descriptive survey and correlational research design. The target population was 1593. A sample size of 309 respondents was drawn utilizing purposive and simple random sampling procedures. A five point Likert type scale questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data while interview guides were used to collect qualitative data. The study found that stakeholder participation in project planning had a positive and significant influence on the completion of urban road transport infrastructure projects in Kenya (r = 0.838, R2 = 0.703, F (4, 209) = 123.43, p 2 = 0.703 indicating that stakeholder participation in project planning explains 70.3% of the variations in the completion of urban road transport infrastructure projects in Kenya. The study concluded that stakeholder participation in project planning significantly influences completion of urban road transport-infrastructure projects in Kenya. The study recommends the need to increase training and awareness on participation in project planning. The study also recommends the need to develop a guiding policy document detailing the importance of stakeholder participation in road construction life cycle in order to curb any future misgivings in implementation of these important socio-economic projects.

The Perceptions of Chinese ELT Stakeholders on the Employment of Foreign English Language Teachers

This article reports on part of the findings of an investigation into the perceptions of Chinese English as a foreign language(EFL)education stakeholders on native-speakerism.Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with 26 students,14 teachers and eight EFL program administrators from six Chinese universities.The analysis of data reveals that the three groups of participants as an entirety expected their universities to hire native English speaker teachers(NESTs),particularly those from Britain and/or America and a certain proportion of them expressed preference for white native English speaker(NES)teachers.The vast majority of the students and teachers were also found to be unaware of workplace inequalities between NNESTs and local Chinese EFL teachers,contending that NESTs deserve better treatment.Although many administrators displayed critical awareness on this issue,they argued that the inequalities need tolerating for the well-being of their EFL programs.All these findings are indicative of the persistence of native-speakerism among Chinese ELT stakeholders and by extension the tenacity of this chauvinistic ideology across the terrain of EFL education in China.

Stakeholders Theory:An Analysis of Eco-Labeling of Commercial Products in A Developing Country(Kenya) Stock Exchange Listed Companies

International environmental organizations propose voluntary eco-labeling as a market incentive to promote industry to operate in an ecologically sustainable and environmentally friendly manner,for instance,with the introduction of ISO 14000.These standards assist organizations to minimize their operations negatively affecting the environment and comply with applicable laws and regulations.Support for eco-labeling has been one of the ways that

Behaviours of Multi-Stakeholders under China’s Renewable Portfolio Standards:A Game Theory-Based Analysis

China has implemented both quantitative and policy incentives for renewable energy development since 2019 and is currently in the policy transition stage.The implementation of renewable portfolio standards(RPSs)is difficult due to the interests of multiple stakeholders,including power generation enterprises,power grid companies,power users,local governments,and the central government.Based on China’s RPS policy and power system reform documents,this research sorted out the core game decision problems of China’s renewable energy industry and established a conceptual game decision model of the renewable energy industry from the perspective of local governments,power generation enterprises and power grid companies.The results reveal that for local governments,the probability of meeting the earnings quota or punishments for not reaching quota completion are the major determinants for active participation in quota supervision.For power grid firms,the willingness to accept renewable electricity quotas depends on the additional cost of receiving renewable electricity and governmental incentives.It is reasonable,from the theoretical perspective,to implement the RPS policy on the power generation side.Electricity reform will help clarify the electricity price system and increase the transparency of the quota implementation process.Policy implications are suggested to achieve sustainable development of the renewable energy industry from price incentives and quantity delivery.

A Stakeholder-Guided Collaborative Approach to Improve Water Quality in a Nutrient Surplus Watershed

The need for water quality improvement in nutrient surplus watersheds is a pressing issue on the agenda of some government agencies and environmental organizations. Including the water quality perceptions of different affected stakeholder groups in the decision-making process may help in addressing this issue. Unfortunately, there is a lack of published research focusing specifically on understanding how Arkansas stakeholders’ perceptions of water quality issues can be used to build and implement comprehensive and workable water quality management plans. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use a stakeholder-guided collaborative approach to help research and outreach personnel to understand water quality perceptions of key stakeholders and to integrate stakeholder engagement in both the decision-making process and in the implementation of water quality management strategies within the Lincoln Lake Watershed in northwest Arkansas. Two key stakeholder groups (i.e., Locals—residents and agricultural producers—and Outsiders—water quality specialist across the state) were surveyed to assess their perceptions regarding: 1) causes of watershed water quality problems, 2) parties responsible for water quality improvement, 3) effectiveness and affordability of best management practices to reduce water quality degradation, and 4) the stakeholders’ interactions with county, state and federal government. A total of 209 complete surveys (49% response rate) were received. Survey responses were compared to determine if significant differences existed between the two stakeholder groups’ perceptions of water quality performing Fisher’s exact tests. Results from the study showed that water quality is still perceived as an issue in the Lincoln Lake Watershed. Significant differences were found between the two stakeholder groups’ perceptions regarding: 1) different groups’ contributions to water degradation, 2) groups’ responsibilities for cleanup, 3) effectiveness of five best management practices, 4) affordability of four best management practices, and 5) what level of government (i.e., county, state, federal) best represents Locals’ water quality needs and concerns. The lessons learned from this collaborative approach helped identifying Locals’ important knowledge gaps regarding water quality and best management practices effectiveness. Consequently, awareness and education campaigns in conjunction with a stewardship recognition program were conducted to encourage appropriate water conservation strategies within the Lincoln Lake watershed and its adjacent areas.

World Trading Signals for Indian Agriculture during WTO Regime: Multi-Stakeholders Decision Making

Globally, any country in the world either exporting or importing country need to look at international market signals. Agriculture is one of the most contorted sectors in international trade. The study is basically based on estimation and identification of various international trading signals to advocate their usefulness in decision making to multi-stake holders. Study period is 1990-91 to 2015-16 and the study employed is the Foreign Trade Philosophy to analyze the international market signals, trends, growth rates, elasticity’s, instability index, AOI, meta-analysis and the vision. It was observed that the export and import price elasticity’s for all the crops shown are positive except the wheat export price elasticity (-0.3%) and import price elasticity of soybean (-0.45%). Among cereals, pulses, oilseeds and fiber crops, rice (1.24%), peas (2.36%), mustard (0.97%) and cotton (0.75%) have high export elasticity’s respectively. These trade price elasticity’s are the important signals for the policy makers to layout the future trade. Study observed that the domestic support offered in the agricultural sector in Russia, India, China and New Zealand is more compared to other WTO member countries. Technical Barriers to Trade, Sanitary and Phytosanitary and Anti-dumping were found to be the most prominent in world and the highest imposed in Asia, Europe and North America. Study concluded, India has a comparative advantage in pulses, oilseeds and wheat and terms of trade of India’s cereals (except rice, maize), pulses (except pigeon pea, peas), cotton and jute which were found to be increased. The poor treatment towards the agriculture sector by the governments and World Bank Funding was observed. India’s import basket majorly consists of oilseeds and rice is the major exported product. Present study adds to the research directed at the impacts of domestic support and measures policies for WTO negotiations.

Model Building for Community Participating in Rural Tourism and Game Analysis of Core Stakeholders

Community residents play an important role in the development of rural tourism. Taking the interest demands of stakeholders and non-cooperative game process as main line,the conflict of interest between community residents and tourists and between community residents themselves as guidance,it built an interest relation model for community participating in rural tourism. Besides,it elaborated non-cooperative relation and their interest pattern for stakeholders of rural tourism,and discussed behavior interaction process and results of core stakeholders of rural tourism. Finally,it came up with pertinent recommendations for harmonious and healthy development of rural tourism.

Assessing the Potential to Change Stakeholders Knowledge and Practices on Fertilizer Recommendations in Africa

Africa’s fertilizer use averages only 8 kg per hectare per year. Available fertilizer recommenda-tions in Africa are high, and vary between countries. The recommendations are generally out dated, and/or “blanket” recommendations that are not site, or crop specific. Recommendation developed for one crop is often used for another and possibly unrelated crop. CABI and AGRA designed a project whose goal is “to help improve the capacity of National Research Institutions in developing fertilizer recommendations for efficient and profitable fertilizer use in 13 sub-Saharan African countries within the framework of ISFM practices under smallholder farming by the end of March 2016”. Baseline survey conducted in May 2014 targeted scientists, policy makers, extension workers, agro-dealers, fertilizer companies and farmers/farmer organization. Snowballing and convenience sampling techniques were used to get the sample and emails were used to reach the respondents. A total of 416 respondents were targeted but only 219 responded from 12 countries. Out of the 219, 148 were extension workers and researchers. About half (51%) of the scientists are aware of fertilizer optimization tool, and a lesser proportion have used the tool across all countries (31%). Fewer extension workers (31%) were aware of the fertilizer optimization tool and none reported to have used the tool. On average about 5% of the study participants reported that other stakeholders were involved in the development of fertilizer recommendations including farmers, farmer organizations, policy makers, researchers, extension workers, agro dealers, fertilizer companies and donor organizations. Stakeholder involvement was highest in Nigeria at 15%, followed by Ethiopia (13%) and Malawi (10%) but most of the countries reported <5%. There is a general understanding that development of fertilizer recommendations is a multi-stakeholder initiative and therefore need for involving many stakeholders in the development of fertilizer recommendations across Africa that will fosters greater ownership and sustainability.

The Role of Stakeholders in Cultural Enterprise Management

The notion of cultural entrepreneurship is the 21st century necessity to define new trends that develop due to changes in economic and social space of life.The researchers see culture as a link between economics,society,and tehnology development that could foster research in the field of creative economy.The evaluation of cultural entrepreneurship is very topical in small and micro-enterprises in Latvia,as the small and medium enterprises form the greatest part of economy.The research question is:How to evaluate management in cultural enterprises by determining the most important indicators for a cultural enterprises’s performance improvement?Managers with expierence of five years were invited for the focus-group discussion.Evaluation of cultural entrepreneurship includes art galleries,non-governmental theatres,and concert organizations.The analysises of the research results,related to particular stakeholders of cultural enterprises,reveal the role of the cultural enterprise’s stakeholders’engagement in evaluation of management,characterize the importance of the goals’analysis of each stakeholder’s engagement,and indicate the criteria for evaluating activities in cultural entrepreneurship.The evaluation of cultural entrepreneurship can be done by analysing the stakeholders’engagement in assessing the viability,growth,and influence of the enterprise.

Stakeholders’ Compliance with Existing Construction Health and Safety Related Laws and Regulations in Ghana

This paper explored stakeholders’ compliance with existing laws and regulations related to construction health and safety (CHS) in the Ghanaian construction industry (GCI). Qualitative research approach was adopted for the data collection, using semi-structured interview guide. An in-depth face-to-face interview based on the grounded theory approach was conducted with actors who play important roles in ensuring health and safety at the construction site as well as key officers and professionals who are the major stakeholders in the GCI. Content analysis was adopted for the analysis of the qualitative data. The findings of the study show customary laws, bye laws, Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651), Local Governance Act, 2016 (Act 936) and the contract document as the key existing CHS related laws and regulations that the stakeholders comply with. The stakeholders also identified the following construction health and safety related regulations in the GCI which have low compliance rate: Factories, Shops and Offices Act, 1974 (Act 323), Environmental Protection Act, 1994 (Act 490), among others. The findings of the research contribute to knowledge of stakeholders’ compliance with existing laws and regulations related to CHS, and underscore the need to ensure monitoring and enforce compliance in the GCI. The findings further identify areas for stakeholders to focus attention on ensuring good health and safety practices, and also expose critical training and education needs for stakeholders in the GCI. The findings provide valuable insights on stakeholders’ compliance with laws and regulations related to CHS in Ghana, which may be applicable to other developing countries with similar construction industry.

Roles and Responsibilities of Stakeholders towards Ensuring Health and Safety at Construction Site

Health and Safety issues in the construction industry are of much concern to stakeholders, particularly because of their impact on the industry. This paper explored the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in ensuring health and safety at the construction site. A well-structured interview guide was adopted for the qualitative study. Content analysis was adopted for the analysis of the results. The study revealed that the twelve roles identified by the stakeholders are only limited to the few laws and regulations they are aware of. Whereas the Contractors identified provision of welfare facilities, provision of health and safety policy, and health and safety plan as their key roles, the Consultants’ role was mainly limited to provision of competent site agent and provision of site layout. Abiding by the contractors’ instruction was identified by the Construction Workers as their key responsibilities. The local government officials also identified enforcement of CHS laws and regulations and reporting of incidents to the appropriate authorities, whereas the traditional authorities identified the enforcement of CHS laws and regulations including bye laws and enforcement of customs as their key roles. The findings further show that the stakeholders failed to appreciate some key roles and responsibilities enshrined in CHS laws and regulations in Ghana. The findings contribute to knowledge on stakeholders’ responsibilities in ensuring CHS, and provide valuable reference and insight to practitioners on the roles and responsibilities of the various stakeholders. It is recommended to train and educate stakeholders on all the relevant laws and regulations on CHS in order to improve health and safety at the construction site. The government should also set up a body such as Construction Authority to educate, coordinate, monitor and audit the activities of stakeholders to improve CHS at construction sites.

Stakeholders’ Participation in Agricultural Farmers’ Extension Services Programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case of the Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) Programme in Uganda

The paper presents findings from a study carried out to assess the contribution of stakeholders’participation on the performance of the national agricultural farmers’extension services programme in Uganda known as Operation Wealth Creation(OWEC).Specifically,the study sought to establish how participatory planning,budgeting,monitoring and evaluation(M&E)respectively contributed to the performance of OWC in selected district in central Uganda.The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis techniques and employed both questionnaires and interview guides on key participants in the programme.Findings of the study indicated positive relationships between stakeholders’participation and programme performance with participatory planning,budgeting and M&E all having positive significant effects on the performance of OWC programme.The study concluded that indeed stakeholders’participation contributed to improved performance of the OWC programme.The study recommends increased funding and M&E of the agricultural extension programmes for improved performance.

Interest requirements and its implementation of core stakeholders of heritage resorts:A case study of Jiuzhaigou

The reformation of Heritage resorts management system is to establish a balance of interest mechanism that we must first be able to meet the Heritage resorts core stakeholders interest demands.The article takes the World Heritage resorts Jiuzhaigou as an example,offering an approach of twodimensional management objectives to identify its core stakeholders,studing the interest demands and its implementation from an empirical perspective.The results show that heritage resorts involves a number of stakeholders with complex relationships in the tourism development; different heritage resorts with different core stakeholders; different core stakeholders with specific interest demands,the methods to meet their demand are different as well.

A study on state-owned forest area stakeholders' behavior

The development of state-owned forest area plays a very important role in the development of Chinese forest industry, and even in the construction of national economy. As the backbone of Chinese forestry development, it contributes to Chinese economic development, ecological environment protection and social progress. How to balance all stakeholders' interest and behaviors remains as one of the focuses in the study of sustainable development of forest areas. On this basis, researches were carried out and described in the paper. Firstly, the paper goes through the concept and scope of state-owned forest area in China; Secondly, it defines the stakeholders of state-owned forest area, and discusses over the problems in stakeholders' behaviors from the aspect of responsibility, rights and interests; and Finally, it designs the stakeholders' behaviors on the basis of existing problems and provides constructive suggestions on deeper reform of state-owned forest areas.