Assessment of Stress on Serum Estradiol and Cortisol Levels in Female Subordinate Naked Mole Rats Following Isolation from Natal Colony

This study investigated the effects of isolation of subordinate naked mole rats from natal colonies on their reproductive success. Naked mole rat is one of the known mammals that exhibit eusociality. It has been noted that naked mole rats have their reproduction restricted to one queen and less than three males;the rest of the animals within the colony remain sterile. The study aimed at establishing whether the reproductive suppression in subordinate naked mole rats is the outcome of social stress exerted by breeding female in the colony or other unknown environmental factors within the colony set-up. Experimental period was 20 weeks and it involved two stages, acclimatization and isolation. Before acclimation, 2 female subordinate naked mole rats were sacrificed. Blood samples were collected and appropriately preserved for later analysis. On the 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks of acclimatization, 2 female mole rats were sacrificed at each stage and blood samples were harvested for analysis. On week 7, eighteen subordinate females were isolated and randomly assigned into two groups of 9 animals each in two separate cages for 14 weeks. One week 8, 2 subordinate females from each group were randomly selected, sacrificed and blood samples collected for analysis. The same procedure was repeated on week 12 and 20 of study. Hormonal analysis was done using ELISA technique. The Statistical analysis done using student t-test at 95% confidence level and significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results showed increase in cortisol levels only in singly isolated females which were the greatest on week 8 (from 35.5 ng/ml to 123.4 ng/ml). Mean estradiol in singly isolated females was 18 ± 2.52 pg/ml while females paired with males had 19.0 ± 3.0 pg/ml hence no significant difference (paired t = -1.73, P = 0.23). Conclusively, the observed reproductive suppression among subordinate naked mole rats in natal colonies is probably due to presence of queen or other reproductive aspects that may not be directly related to stress.

A Corpus-based Approach to English Subordinate Clause Identification

The complex sentence structure of English is a bottleneck to our practical machine translation system. The simplification of English subordinate clauses will greatly relieves the burden of parsing and other grammatical or semantic analysis of a complex sentence, thus improves the output quality of the MT system. But there have not any satisfactory research achievements reported in this field up to now as we know. In this paper, author’s work on a corpus-based approach to English subordinate clause identification is reported. The approach integrates rule-based and statistical methods to get the left and right boundaries of the subordinate clauses. The Penn Treebank corpus is used as the training standard. The precision and recall ratios of subordinate clause identification are tested on both closed and open corpora. A result of 92.9% precision and 91.26% recall is obtained for the closed test and the open test result is 80.34% precision and 83.93% recall. This algorithm has been integrated into our machine translation system. The method can also be applied to processing of any other language.

Order of Precedence Between Local Laws of Cities with Subordinate Districts and Regulations of Provincial Governments Clarifying Premises for Discussion Based on the Characteristics of Laws

The lack of descriptions regarding the order of precedence between the local laws of cities with subordinate districts and the regulations of provincial governments in Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China(Legislation Law) has led to two divergent views. One holds that "the local laws of cities with subordinate districts should take precedence over the regulations of provincial governments," while the other supports the exact opposite. This is a value judgment issue in legislation. To reach a solution, we need to clarify the premises based on the characteristics of the laws in question so that a basic common ground can be established for discussion. The first premise for traditional legislation is that a law should be based on experience as well as logic; the second is that the experience of authority subjects, plus the three aspects of logic should outweigh the experience of social subjects, plus the three aspects of logic. With respect to postmodern legislation, the first premise is that experience should override logic, and the second is that the experience of the authority subject should take precedence over that of social subject, with no requirements for logical consistency. Since Legislation Law fal s into the category of postmodern legislation, according to the premises, the argument that the local laws of cities with subordinate districts should take precedence enjoys wider acceptance, but the view is logically challenged in terms of conceptual consistency, system consistency and principle consistency. More studies must be conducted to facilitate the discussion.

A Study of the Methods of Teaching Students Subordinate Clause

This essay shows the importance of using Communicative Teaching Method to teach Chinese students Subordinate Clause by comparing two different teaching methods (Grammatical Translation Teaching Method and Communicative Teaching Method).It is obvious that Communicative Teaching Method plays an important role in improving their ability of communicating with others in English.Moreover,the application of Communicative Teaching Methods in teaching Subordinate Clause to Chinese students lets students master the grammar point through practising related sentences,which will make them understand the grammar knowledge thoroughly.

Smooth densities for SDEs driven by subordinated Brownian motion with Markovian switching

We consider a class of stochastic differential equations driven by subordinated Brownian motion with Markovian switching.We use Malliavin calculus to study the smoothness of the density for the solution under uniform HSrmander type condition.

On new classes of strongly Janowski type functions of complex order

We investigate some new subclasses of analytic functions of Janowski type of complex order.We also study inclusion properties,distortion theorems,coefficient bounds and radius of convexity of the functions.Moreover,analytic properties of these classes under certain integral operator are also discussed.Our findings are more comprehensive than the existing results in the literature.

一类包含广义Mittag-Leffler函数的积分算子的从属与超从属结果

In the paper,by making use of the principle of subordination between analytic functions with the multiplier transforms defined by generalized Mittag-Leffler function,the authors investigate subclasses of univalent analytic functions,such as starlike functions,convex functions,close-to-convex functions and quasiconvex functions.Several inclusion relationships,inequality properties,subordination and superordination results associated with the multiplier transforms are proved and the sandwich-type results are also obtained.

On the Usage of the Subjunctive Mood in English

The subjunctive mood is one of the most difficult English grammar items for most English learners. In this thesis,the author discusses the usage of the subjunctive mood in English,especially its usage in English subordinate clauses. At the same time,the author provides a lot of examples. In the author's opinion,as long as the English learners find out the rules of it and practice it more,they will definitely grasp the subjunctive mood and use it correctly and skillfully.

On Hyponymy and Semantic Fields

This paper aims at elaborating on the semantics. The concept of hyponymy is mentioned first. Then the concept of semantic fields is mentioned. In order to make a comparison between hyponymy and semantic fields, there are some examples in the paper.

Fuzzy Complex Index in Water Quality Assessment of Municipalities

Donghu Lake in Wuhan is a multipurpose complex water body. However, its eutrophication phenomenon becomes increasingly serious. By making use of detailed and accurate contamination monitoring data and several mathematics models, we probe into the dynamic state of water quality. The year’s average value of major contamination index in Donghu Lake from 2001 to 2008 and fuzzy complex index are used to assess its short-term state of water quality. The results show that its water quality is basically stable in the 4th class of water quality standard GB3838-2002.

Investigation and Application of Automatic Fingerprint Identification Based on Fuzzy Pattern Recognition

Fingerprint image is a typical non-restraint image that has some uncertainty, which makes it difficult to perform identification using classical approach. Therefore, fuzzy pattern recognition is applied to match individual query by searching the entire template database. The fuzzy maximum subordinate principle is used to solve shift matching. Through experimenting and analyzing, the approximate principle fuzzy method is employed by selecting fuzzy characteristics and determining the similarity function to achieve the further accuracy. Theoretical and experimental results show this approach is effective and reasonable.

On Usage of the Subjunctive Mood in English

Mood is the kind of contrasts which are often shown by the form of the verb and which express the speaker's or the writer's attitude to what is said or written.There are three kinds of mood of the finite verbs in English.They are the indicative mood,the imperativemood and the subjunctive mood.The paper mainly deals with the use of the subjunctive mood.

On Usage of the Subjunctive Mood in English

Mood is the kind of contrasts which are of-ten shown by the form of the verb and which express the speaker’s or the writer’s attitude to what is said or written. There arethree kinds of mood of the finite verbs in English. The papermainly deals with the use of the subjunctive mood.

关于Subordinator的指数与维数

设Ｘ（ｔ）是Ｒｄ（ｄ为正整数）中的Ｌｅｖｙ过程，本文首先对前人所定义的Ｘ（ｔ）的各种指数给出了另外一种刻划，事实上它们可以用极限的形式表达．这种刻划使得这些指数的几何意义非常明确．且适合于构造各种各样的例子．若Ｘ（ｔ）是一个Ｓｕｂｏｒｄｉｎａｔｏｒ，本文证明了Ｘ（ｔ）的象集的填充维数就是Ｘ（ｔ）的上指数β，并且举例说明存在Ｓｕｂｏｒｄｉｎａｔｏｒ，它的象集的Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ维数为０而填充维数为１．

Comprehensive Evaluation of Aluminum Tolerance in Sugarcane Varieties at the Seedling Stage and Screening of Identification Indexes

[Objectives]Aluminum toxicity is one of the important stress factors affecting sugarcane quality and yield in south China,breeding aluminum tolerant varieties is a cost-effective and practical way.In order to explore the characteristics of aluminum toxicity tolerance in different sugarcane varieties and establish the comprehensive evaluation system for screening and breeding new varieties with aluminum toxicity tolerance,this study was conducted to perform comprehensive evaluation of aluminum tolerance in different sugarcane varieties and screening of identification indexes.[Methods]With 26 sugarcane varieties bred in different ecological areas as materials,through a pot experiment,nine indexes which include sugarcane plant height,root length,shoot dry weight,root dry weight,root-shoot ratio,relative chlorophyll content,leaf proline content,and shoot and root aluminum contents at the seedling stage under acid-aluminum stress and control conditions were measured,and the aluminum toxicity tolerance coefficients of various indexes of each variety were calculated.On this basis,the aluminum tolerance of all varieties was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis,subordinate function,cluster analysis and stepwise regression analysis.[Results]Compared with the control,the nine indexes showed more abundant variation among the 26 varieties under acid-aluminum stress.The correlation analysis confirmed that the contributions of the nine measured indexes to aluminum tolerance were significantly overlapped,and the subsequent principal component analysis summarized and combined the ones with strong correlation among the nine indexes,converting them into two new independent comprehensive indexes.The cumulative contribution rate showed that the two new indexes covered 82.448%of the information of the original nine indexes.Then,the comprehensive evaluation D values of the acid-aluminum tolerance of the 26 varieties were calculated based on the subordinate function values combined with the weights of the contribution rates of the two new comprehensive indexes.By clustering analysis on the D values,the 26 varieties were divided into 3 groups.Three varieties with the highest D values among the 26 varieties,Yunzhe 11-1074,Zhongtang 2 and Haizhe 28,were classified as varieties with strong aluminum tolerance,and 11 varieties including Yuegan 56 and Guitang 58,were moderately aluminum tolerant,while 12 varieties including Haizhe 32 and Yunrui 10-187 were sensitive to aluminum stress.Finally,the optimal regression equation analysis was carried out with the comprehensive evaluation D value of aluminum tolerance as the dependent variable and the aluminum toxicity tolerance coefficients of various indexes as independent variables,and the evaluation model of aluminum tolerance in sugarcane was established.Root length,root dry weight,relative chlorophyll content,leaf proline content,shoot aluminum content and root aluminum content,which had significant effects on aluminum tolerance of sugarcane seedlings,were selected as the evaluation indexes of acid-aluminum tolerance of sugarcane seedlings.[Conclusions]This study not only obtained a number of aluminum-tolerant varieties,but also provides a theoretical basis and reference for future genetic breeding of aluminum-tolerant sugarcane.

Body Narrative in Lady Chatterley’s Lover

Body,in culture study,is not simply a physical being,but a meaningful sign exposed power relations in society.Body even can be used as a narrative method.In Lady Chatterley’s Lover,there are several body images D.H.Lawrence used to narrate the story.Through body narrative,the novel shows the subordinate and alienated humanity,and its struggling revolt in the turning of twentieth century.

English Grammar Learning

This thesis roughly describes the traditional English grammar learning.The thesis also emphasizes the importance of learning English grammar to increase the English.The thesis lists some correlation grammar examples learning to explain how to learn English grammar.In the end of this thesis,it gives some suggestions on how to learn English grammar.

High-frequency Grammatical Errors in Academic Writings by Chinese Students in International School

This research investigates four categories of high-frequency grammatical errors from 45 students’academic writings via script analysis.A group of 36 students responded to a questionnaire focusing on their beliefs regarding these grammatical constructions.The participants are enrolled in an international school in Suzhou City.A total of 646 sentences were analyzed,among which295(45.7%)are inaccurate.Of the 364 errors found,most of them(64.0%)fall into the category of Subject-verb agreement,followed by subordinate clauses(28.6%);errors in English existential construction and the passive voice are a few.Also,the usage rate of subordinate clause is 42.7%,of which a large proportion was incorrect.

The Male's Influences on the Female in A Street Car Named Desire

In the patriarchal society, men hold all or most of the power. Women become their subordinates. This paper is to analyze the causes of two female characters'misfortune.

ON CERTAIN CLASS OF ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS DEFINED BY DIFFERENTIAL SUBORDINATION

In this paper, the new subclass Bn( ,a,A,B) of analytic functions is introduced. Its subordination relations, inclusion relations, the inequality properties and convering theorem are discussed. The results obtained in this paper are sharp, which generalize the related works of some authors and some other new results are obtained.