Information Method for Synthesis of Optimal Data Subsystems Designated for Positioning, Location and Remote Sensing Systems

The general classification of information systems of remote action, including such system as positioning systems, location systems and remote sensing systems is suggested. In view of formulated limitation conditions the common mathematical information model of data transfer subsystems of considered systems is suggested. The optimization of developed information model is carried out and the optimal operation regimes of these data transfer subsystems are

DEA Models for the Efficiency Evaluation of System Composed of Parallel Subsystems

The perspective of internal structure of the decision making units (DMUs) was considered as the “black box” when employing data envelopment analysis (DEA) models. However, in the actual world there are always some DMUs that are composed of several sub-units or subsystems, each utilizes the same inputs to generate same outputs. Numerous instances can be listed, such as a firm with a few of plants. In this paper we present models that evaluated the efficiency of DMU which is comprised of same several parallel subsystems, the foremost contribution of our work is that we take the different importance of the subsystems into account in the model, which can be obviously distinguished to the existing DEA model. Secondly, since the alternative optimal multipliers may emerge in the model, the efficiency of each subsystem may be non-unique and we simultaneously develop models of efficiency decomposition for each subsystem. At last a case of technological innovation activities of each province in China is used as an example to state the models.

CONTROLLABILITY OF DELAY DEGENERATE CONTROL SYSTEMS WITH INDEPENDENT SUBSYSTEMS

The controllability of delay degenerate differential control systems is discussed. Firstly, delay degenerate differential control system was transformed to be canonical form, and the connected terms were gotten rid of, had delay degenerate differential control systems with independent subsystems. For the general delay degenerate differnetial control systems, it was gotten that the necessary and sufficient condition of that they are controllable is that their reachable set is equal to the whole space. For the delay degenerate differential control systems with independent subsystems, it was gotten that the necessary and sufficient conditions of that they are controllable are that their reachable sets are equal to their corresponding subspaces. Then some algebra criteria were gotten. Finally, an example was given to illustrate the main results.

Two Generator Subsystems of Lie Triple System

For a Lie triple system T over a field of characteristic zero, some sufficient conditions for T to be two-generated are proved. We also discuss to what extent the two-generated subsystems determine the structure of the system T . One of the main results is that T is solvable if and only if every two elements generates a solvable subsystem. In fact, we give an explicit two-generated law for the two-generated subsystems.

Infinite Number of Disjoint Chaotic Subsystems of Cellular Automaton Rule 106

In this paper, the dynamics of rule 106, a Chua’s hyper Bernoulli cellular automata rule, is studied and discussed from the viewpoint of symbolic dynamics. It is presented that rule 106 defines a chaotic subsystem which is topologically mixing and possesses the positive topologically entropy. An effective method of constructing its chaotic subsystems is proposed. Indeed, it is interesting to find that this rule is filled with infinitely many disjoint chaotic subsystems. Special attention is paid to each subsystem on which rule 106 is topologically mixing and possesses the positive topologically entropy. Therefore, it is natural to argue that the intrinsic complexity of rule 106 is high from this viewpoint.

Forward Expansiveness and Entropies for Subsystems of Z^(k)_(+)-actions

In this paper,forward expansiveness and entropies of"subsystems"2)of Z^(k)_(+)-actions are investigated.Letαbe a Z^(k)_(+)-action on a compact metric space.For each 1≤j≤k-1,denote G^(j)_(+)={V+:=V∩R^(k)_(+):V is a j-dimensional subspace of R^(k)}.We consider the forward expansiveness and entropies forαalong V+∈G^(j)_(+).Adapting the technique of"coding",which was introduced by M.Boyle and D.Lind to investigate expansive subdynamics of Z^(k)-actions,to the Z^(k)_(+)cases,we show that the set E^(j)_(+)(α)of forward expansive j-dimensional V_(+)is open in G^(j)_(+).The topological entropy and measure-theoretic entropy of j-dimensional subsystems ofαare both continuous in E^(j)_(+)(α),and moreover,a variational principle relating them is obtained.For a 1-dimensional ray L∈G^(+)_(1),we relate the 1-dimensional subsystem ofαalong L to an i.i.d.random transformation.Applying the techniques of random dynamical systems we investigate the entropy theory of 1-dimensional subsystems.In particular,we propose the notion of preimage entropy(including topological and measure-theoretical versions)via the preimage structure ofαalong L.We show that the preimage entropy coincides with the classical entropy along any L∈E1+(α)for topological and measure-theoretical versions respectively.Meanwhile,a formula relating the measure-theoretical directional preimage entropy and the folding entropy of the generators is obtained.

On Complemented Subsystems of Commutative Jordan Quadruple Systems

We extend the notions of commutativity,ideals,anisotropy,and complemented subtriples of Jordan triple systems to those of Jordan quadruple systems.We show that if S is a complemented subsystem of an anisotropic commutative Jordan quadruple system U,then S and its annihilator S^(⊥)are orthogonal ideals and U=S⊕S^(⊥).We also prove that the range of a structural projection on an anisotropic commutative Jordan quadruple system is a complemented ideal and,conversely,a complemented subsystem of an anisotropic commutative Jordan quadruple system is the range of a unique structural projection.

Modeling for a Manpower System and Its Subsystems

Ｔｈｉｓａｂｂｒｅｖｉａｔｅｄｐａｐｅｒｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｓｏｆｔｈｒｅｅｐａｒｔｓ．ｌｎｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｐａｒｔ，ｔｈｅｄｉｆｈｒｅｎｔｉａｌｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｍｏｄｅｌｓｏｆｈｉｅｒａｒｃｈｉｃａｌｍａｎｐｏｗｅｒｓｙｓｔｅｍｓａｒｅｅｓｔａｂｌｉｓｈｅｄ，ｗｈｉｃｈａｒｅａｂｌｅｔｏｂｅｕｓｅｄｆｏｒｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｓｙｓｔｅｍ．ｌｎｔｈｅｓｅｃｏｎｄｐａｒｔ，ｗｅｓｔｕｄｙｔｈｅｓｕｂｓｙｓｔｅｍｍｏｄｅｌｓ．Ｔｈｅｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｅｔｈａｔ，ｔｈｅｕｎｉｆｏｒｍｍａｎｐｏｗｅｒｐｏｌｉｃｉｅｓａｒｅｎｏｔｆｅａｓｉｂｌｅ，ａｎｄｔｈｅｒｅｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｔｈｅｄｉｖｅｒｇｅｎｃｅ崐ｏｆｐｏｌｉｃｉｅｓａｍｏｎｇｓｕｂｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ．Ｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅ，ｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｒｆｌｏｗａｍｏｎｇｔｈｅｓｕｂｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｍｕｓｔｅｘｉｓｔ．ｌｎｔｂｅｌａｓｔｐａｒｔ，ａｎｅｘａｍｐｌｅｉｓｇｉｖｅｎ，

Observer-based fault detection for switched systems with all unstable subsystems

This paper deals with the fault detection observer design problem for switched system with all modes unstable.First,the error system model is presented.With the consideration of the instability caused by the unobservable condition of(Ai,Ci),a switching signal is obtained via average dwell time method and discretised Lyapunov function.By means of linear matrix inequalities,sufficient conditions pledging exponential stability and H∞performance are proposed.Through transferring the observer design problem into H∞performance analysis,proper observer gain is obtained via solving these LMIs.In the end,the validity of the proposed Luenberger observer is verified by an example.

Switching-based stabilization of aperiodic sampled-data Boolean control networks with all subsystems unstable

We aim to further study the global stability of Boolean control networks(BCNs)under aperiodic sampleddata control(ASDC).According to our previous work,it is known that a BCN under ASDC can be transformed into a switched Boolean network(SBN),and further global stability of the BCN under ASDC can be obtained by studying the global stability of the transformed SBN.Unfortunately,since the major idea of our previous work is to use stable subsystems to offset the state divergence caused by unstable subsystems,the SBN considered has at least one stable subsystem.The central thought in this paper is that switching behavior also has good stabilization;i.e.,the SBN can also be stable with appropriate switching laws designed,even if all subsystems are unstable.This is completely different from that in our previous work.Specifically,for this case,the dwell time(DT)should be limited within a pair of upper and lower bounds.By means of the discretized Lyapunov function and DT,a sufficient condition for global stability is obtained.Finally,the above results are demonstrated by a biological example.

A Bijective Map on Normal Fusion Subsystems

Let F be a saturated fusion system over a finite p-group S, and let Z ≤ Zn （F）, which is strongly closed in S with respect to F. In this paper, we prove that there is a natural bijection from the set of normal subsystems of 7 containing Z to the set of normal subsystems of the factor system F＋ =F/Z. This generalizes a result of Aschbacher.

An Evaluation of the Coupling Coordination of Technological Innovation System in China’s Marine Biopharmaceutical Industry

The marine biopharmaceutical industry(MBI)has been considered as an important part of the blue economy.The high-quality development of this industry depends on the high-level coordinated development of technological innovation system(TIS).In the present study,the coupling mechanism of industrial innovation input subsystem and innovation output subsystem was analyzed for the first time.On this basis,the development level and coupling coordination level of TIS in China’s MBI during 2008-2018 were empirically evaluated with the capacity coupling coordination model.Then,the obstacle factors were diagnosed and recognized with the obstacle model.The results showed that the innovation input index fluctuated at a low level in China’s MBI.The innovation output index has basically maintained a growth trend,whereas the quality of development was not high.Although the coupling coordination level of TIS showed a positive change as mild disordered→primary coordinated→well-coordinated,the development type of innovation system has changed from the lagging output of innovation into the lagging input of innovation.Insufficient input of innovation factors remained the main obstacle to the improvement of coordination level.Based on the above analysis,suggestions were put forward from the perspectives of policy and fund guarantees to improve the coupling coordination level in China’s MBI.

Dynamic Assessment and Sustainability Strategies of Ecological Security in the Irtysh River Basin of Xinjiang, China

The drylands of China are extensive,and they are home to more than one-third of the country’s population.However,the watershed territories of the drylands,where the majority of human activities are concentrated have long experienced strained human-land relationships,culminating in ecological security concerns.Correspondingly,it is essential to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the ecological security of dryland watersheds and to identify the key factors influencing ecological security in order to formulate strategies that ensure the sustainability of drylands.Premised on the Driving-Pressure-State-Impact-Response(DPSIR)model,this study developed an ecological security index and applied it to the Irtysh River Basin of Xinjiang,China,from 2000 to 2020.The obstacle degree model was applied to reveal the obstacles in two dimensions:criterion level and indicator level.The findings suggested that the ecological security comprehensive index in the Irtysh River Basin has increased significantly from 2000 to 2020,irrespective of the fact that it decreased during the study period and then increased.The ecological security level changed from‘critically safe’in 2000 to‘general safety’in 2020,with the state subsystem and pressure subsystem becoming ecological security weaknesses.The primary factors influencing the ecological security of the study area were water consumption,the area of high-efficiency water-saving irrigation,the proportion of wetland area,vegetation coverage,and livestock population.The ecological security of different counties in the basin varies greatly,whereas the factors that influence ecological security showed both similarities and differences among the counties.In light of on the findings,we proposed that future strategies for ecological security enhancement should concentrate on enacting the policy of localizing spatial differentiation,optimizing industrial structure,strengthening scientific and technological support in the field of water conservation,bolstering the treatment capacity of environmental facilities,and implementing the Mountains-Rivers-Forests-Farmlands-LakesGrasslands System to support the sustainable development of dryland watersheds.

Communication and Society:Theoretical Legacy of Niklas Luhmann

Although he does not for a moment break the connection with the fundamental category of functionalism-the social system,Luhmann articulates the basic elements of his authentic sociological position precisely with the theoretical framework within which he solves the problem of social change through the concept of communication,a problem that has marked the history of sociological theory so far.The categories of system and environment,system and purpose,and internal differentiation of the social system play a special role in that theoretical framework.Luhmann’s basic thesis is the position according to which the elementary process that constitutes society as a separate reality is the process of communication.Therefore,any change in the way communication is produced simultaneously means a change in the way society is produced;these changes are evolutionary,which means that they move from a lower to a higher degree of complexity;changes in the level of complexity also change the relationship between the system and the environment;the change in the relationship between the system and the environment affects the internal relationship between the system and the purpose,that is,the differentiation of the system and the establishment of the autonomy of subsystems,which increases the degree of flexibility of society,that is,the ability of society to respond to the challenges of its own environment.The theoretical and practical relevance of this topic is more than explicit-one of the central issues of contemporary social and political practice is the articulation of increasingly rapid changes in complex social structures,so,in our opinion,Luhmann’s approach represents a significant theoretical legacy and an effective tool for understanding complex dynamics of the modern world.

Energy transfer in double plate system dynamics

The study of energy transfer between coupled subsystems in a hybrid system is very important for applications. This paper presents an analytical analysis of energy transfer between plates of a visco-elastically connected double-plate system in free transversal vibrations. The analytical analysis shows that the visco-elastic connection between plates is responsible for the appearance of two-frequency regime in the time function, which corresponds to one eigen amplitude function of one mode, and also that time functions of different vibration modes are uncoupled, but energy transfer between plates in one eigen mode appears. It was shown for each shape of vibrations. Series of the two Lyapunov exponents corresponding to the one eigen amplitude mode are expressed by using the energy of the corresponding eigen amplitude time component.

The Effects of Functional Training on Pain, Function, and Performance in Taekwondo Players with Mechanical Low Back Pain

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of functional training (FT) on pain, function, and performance in elite male taekwondo players with CMLBP. Method: 27 elite male taekwondo players (mean ± standard deviation: age 24.4 ± 4.9 years, body mass 75.7 ± 15.1 kg, height 181.4 ± 7.8 cm) were allocated to two experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 12) groups. The eight-week FT was divided into four distinct phases for the subjects of the experimental group. Variables of pain and function were assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), respectively. The movement time of Ap Douliou Chagi kick (MTAK) and speed of Ap Douliou Chagi kick (SAK) was used for the variable of performance. Results: Considering the results of pretest before the implementation of the scores protocol, after FT intervention, VAS (p = 0.004), ODI (p = 0.005), MTAK on the right leg (p = 0.029) and the left leg (p = 0.013) decreased and SAK on both legs (p = 0.000) increased significantly in comparison with the control group. Conclusion: It is assumed that FT can reduce the pain intensity and improve the function and performance in taekwondo players.

Fuzzy Set Based Models and Methods of Decision Making and Power Engineering Problems

The results of research into the use of fuzzy set based models and methods of multicriteria decision making for solving power engineering problems are presented. Two general classes of models related to multiobjective (X,M> models) and multiattribute (X,R> models) problems are considered. The analysisX,M> of models is based on the use of the Bellman-Zadeh approach to decision making in a fuzzy environment. Its application conforms to the principle of guaranteed result and provides constructive lines in obtaining harmonious solutions on the basis of analyzing associated maxmin problems. Several techniques based on fuzzy preference modeling are considered for the analysis of?X,R> models. A review of the authors’ results associated with the application of these models and methods for solving diverse types of problems of power system and subsystems planning and operation is presented. The recent results on the use ofX,M> andX,R> models and methods of their analysis for the allocation of reactive power sources in distribution systems and for the prioritization in maintenance planning in distribution systems, respectively, are considered.

A High-Speed DLL-Based Hybrid Phase Conjugator for 5G Beamforming

A delay-locked loop based hybrid phase conjugator (DLL-HPC) is presented as a possible solution for 5G beamforming. Theoretical background, unique capabilities, and experimental verification are presented. The proposed DLL-HPC provides backwards compatibility with existing beamforming protocols as well as sub-millisecond beamsteering and automatic mobile target tracking with zero communication overhead. A proof-of-concept DLL-HPC prototype has been constructed from commercially available components to operate in the 5G NR-FR1 band, indicating that the technique can be readily adopted with available technology.

In-Line Chromatic Dispersion Measurement for NRZ and RZ Signals Using a Novel RF Spectrum Phase Detection Technique

In this paper, a novel method of in-line chromatic dispersion (CD) measurement is proposed, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrated the CD measurement of 10-Gbit/s NRZ and RZ signals by a novel RF spectrum phase detection technique, this is performed using in-band tone monitoring RF, electrically down-converted to direct current (DC) or a low intermediate-frequency (IF) of less than 1MHz through electronic mixing with local oscillator (LO) of 2.4 GHz. The measurement provides a large CD measuring range with good accuracies (±2000 ± 35 ps/nm), and independent of the bit-rate and data format. In addition, the use of electronic mixer and low-speed detectors makes it cost effective for in-line CD measurement.

ARTICLE Analyzing the nonlinear system by designing an optimum digital filter named Hermitian-Wiener filter

The classical Wiener filter was engaged into identifying the linear structures,resulting in clear and incredible drawbacks in working with nonlinear integrated system.Currently,the Hermitian-Wiener system are suitable for unpredicted sub-system that consists of numerous and complex inputs.The system introduces a two-stage to analyze the subintervals where the output nonlinearities are noninvertible,through using the unknown orders and parameters.Finally,a practical strategy would be discussed to analyze the nonlinear parameters.