Dietary supplementation of zinc oxide modulates intestinal functionality during the post-weaning period in clinically healthy piglets

Background To improve our understanding of host and intestinal microbiome interaction,this research investigated the effects of a high-level zinc oxide in the diet as model intervention on the intestinal microbiome and small intestinal functionality in clinically healthy post-weaning piglets.In study 1,piglets received either a high concentration of zinc(Zn)as zinc oxide(Zn O,Zn,2,690 mg/kg)or a low Zn concentration(100 mg/kg)in the diet during the post weaning period(d 14–23).The effects on the piglet's small intestinal microbiome and functionality of intestinal tissue were investigated.In study 2,the impact of timing of the dietary zinc intervention was investigated,i.e.,between d 0–14 and/or d 14–23 post weaning,and the consecutive effects on the piglet's intestinal functionality,here referring to microbiota composition and diversity and gene expression profiles.Results Differences in the small intestinal functionality were observed during the post weaning period between piglets receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content.A shift in the microbiota composition in the small intestine was observed that could be characterized as a non-pathological change,where mainly the commensals inter-changed.In the immediate post weaning period,i.e.,d 0–14,the highest number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in intestinal tissue were observed between animals receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content,i.e.,23 DEGs in jejunal tissue and 11 DEGs in ileal tissue.These genes are involved in biological processes related to immunity and inflammatory responses.For example,genes CD59 and REG3G were downregulated in the animals receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content in both jejunum and ileum tissue.In the second study,a similar result was obtained regarding the expression of genes in intestinal tissue related to immune pathways when comparing piglets receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content.Conclusions Supplementing a diet with a pharmaceutical level of Zn as Zn O for clinically healthy post weaning piglets influences various aspects intestinal functionality,in particular in the first two weeks post-weaning.The model intervention increased both the alpha diversity of the intestinal microbiome and the expression of a limited number of genes linked to the local immune system in intestinal tissue.The effects do not seem related to a direct antimicrobial effect of Zn O.

Damage on intestinal barrier function and microbial detoxification of deoxynivalenol:A review

Deoxynivalenol(DON)is a mycotoxin that is produced by various species of Fusarium and is ubiquitous in food and feed.At low concentrations,it can cause metabolic disorders in animals and humans and,at high concentrations,it can lead to pathological changes in the body.The impact of DON on human/animal health and animal productivity has thus attracted a great deal of attention around the world.DON causes severe damage to the intestine,including compromised intestinal barrier,mucosal damage,weakened immune function,and alterations in gut microbiota composition.These effects exacerbate intestinal infections and inflammation in livestock and poultry,posing adverse effects on overall health.Furthermore,research into biological methods for DON detoxification is a crucial avenue for future studies.This includes the utilization of adsorption,enzymatic degradation,and other biological approaches to mitigate DON's impact,offering new strategies for prevention and treatment of DON-induced diseases.Future research will focus on identifying highly efficient detoxifying microorganisms or enzymes to reduce DON levels in food and feed,thereby mitigating its risks to both animals and human health.

Human herpesvirus 7 meningitis in an adolescent with normal immune function:A case report

BACKGROUND Human herpesvirus type 7(HHV-7)is a less common herpes virus that usually causes mild,self-limiting illnesses.However,in recent years,there have been increasing reports of HHV-7 causing serious central nervous system infections,especially meningitis.The pathogenesis and clinical features of HHV-7 meningitis,particularly in adolescents with normal immune function,remain incompletely studied.Therefore,the purpose of this report is to share a case of HHV-7 meningitis in an immunocompetent adolescent with a view to deepening our understanding of the disease.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old female was admitted with fever,headache,and vomiting.4 d before admission,the patient developed a fever without obvious induction,with a temperature up to 39.5℃,no convulsions,accompanied by chills,headaches,fatigue,and no muscle aches.The patient was treated with fever reduction,which could be reduced to 38℃;repeated high fever,accompanied by vomiting 7-8 times;and no abdominal pain or diarrhea.The patient was diagnosed with"acute suppurative tonsillitis"in a local hospital,and the blood routine was generally normal.The patient was given symptomatic support treatment such as"ceftriaxone sodium"and antiemetic rehydration for 2 d,and his condition did not improve.The patient's physical examination showed pharyngeal congestion,bilateral tonsil grade I hypertrophy,regression of purulent secretions,and cervical resistance.Ocular B-ultrasound:Opacity of the vitreous body and edema of the optic disc in both eyes.Optical coherence tomography examination showed that the macular fovea was generally normal in both eyes,with edema of the optic disc.DNA virus monitoring results:HHV-7.We gave ganciclovir antiviral therapy,dexamethasone anti-inflammatory treatment,mannitol to reduce cranial pressure,omeprazole to protect gastrointestinal mucosa,and calcium and potassium supplementation.CONCLUSION This study reports a case of HHV-7 meningitis in an adolescent with normal immune function.Through comprehensive analysis of the clinical manifestations,laboratory tests,and treatment methods of the patient,it is found that early identification and antiviral treatment are essential for the outcome of the disease.This case suggests that despite normal immune function,adolescents may still suffer from herpes virus type 7 meningitis,so clinicians should be vigilant and take effective treatment measures in time.

Effects of Tongluo Jiedu prescription on immune function and oxidative stress in patients with oral cancer

BACKGROUND Oral cancer,which is caused by mucous membrane variation,represents a prevalent malignant tumor in the oral and maxillofacial region,posing a significant threat to patients’lives and safety.While surgical intervention stands as a cornerstone treatment for oral cancer patients,it carries the risk of incomplete treatment or high rates of postoperative recurrence.Hence,a multifaceted approach incorporating diverse treatment modalities is essential to enhance patient prognosis.AIM To analyze the application effect of Tongluo Jiedu prescription as adjuvant therapy and its influence on patient prognosis in patients with oral cancer.METHODS Eighty oral cancer patients in our hospital were selected and divided into the observation group and control group by a random number table.The control group was treated with continuous arterial infusion chemotherapy of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil.The observation group was additionally given Tongluo Jiadu prescription.The inflammatory stress level,peripheral blood T-cell subsets,and immune function of the two groups were subsequently observed.SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis.RESULTS The observation group demonstrated lower levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein,and a higher level of tumor necrosis factor in comparison to the control group.After treatment,the immune function in the observation group was significantly better than in the control group.CONCLUSION Tongluo Jiedu prescription can improve the immune function and oxidative stress level of patients with oral cancer and accelerate the recovery process.

Clinical Efficacy of Laparoscopic Radical Colorectal Cancer Treatment for Colorectal Cancer and Its Effect on Immune Function

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer treatment in colorectal cancer patients.Methods:A total of 50 colorectal cancer patients treated between August 2018 and August 2023 were randomly divided into two groups:Group A underwent laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery,while Group B received open surgery.Clinical indicators,inflammatory factors,immune function indicators,and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:Group A showed significantly shorter operation times,faster recovery times,and reduced hospital stays compared to Group B.Additionally,Group A had less abdominal drainage and intraoperative bleeding(P<0.05).Levels of interleukin(IL)-4,IL-6,ultrasensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)were lower in Group A compared to Group B(P<0.05).Furthermore,immune function indicators,including CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,and CD4+/CD8+ratios,were better in Group A(P<0.05).The complication rate in Group A was also lower than in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Laparoscopic radical treatment for colorectal cancer is efficient and feasible,causing minimal immune function impairment and inflammatory response.It also shortens postoperative recovery time.

Gegen Qinlian decoction enhances immunity and protects intestinal barrier function in colorectal cancer patients via gut microbiota

BACKGROUND We previously showed,using the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database,that Gegen Qinlian decoction(GQD)had a direct antitumor effect,and was combined with programmed cell death protein(PD)-1 inhibitors to treat microsatellite stable(MSS)tumor-bearing mice.However,the effect of GQD on patients with colorectal cancer(CRC)is not clear.AIM To determine the therapeutic mechanism of GQD in improving immune function,reducing inflammation and protecting intestinal barrier function.METHODS Seventy patients with CRC were included in this study:37 in the control group and 33 in the treatment group.The proportions of CD4+T,CD8+T,natural killer(NK),NKT and T regulatory cells were measured by flow cytometry.Levels of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interferon(IFN)-γ,interleukin(IL)-2,IL-6,IL-10 and serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine;5-HT)in serum were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression of zonula occludens(ZO)-1,occludin,nuclear factor(NF)-κB and TNF-αin tumor and normal tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry.The composition of gut microbiota from patients in the treatment group was assessed using 16S rDNA analysis.RESULTS There were no adverse events in the treatment group.The proportion of CD4+T cells and NKT cells in the post-treatment group was significantly higher than that in the pre-treatment and control groups(P<0.05).The level of TNF-αin the posttreatment group was significantly lower than that in the pre-treatment and control groups(P<0.05).The concentration of 5-HT in the post-treatment group was significantly lower than that in the pre-treatment group(P<0.05).The expression of ZO-1 and occludin in tumor tissues in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The expression of ZO-1 in normal tissues of the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P=0.010).Compared with the control group,expression of NF-κB and TNF-αin tumor tissues of the treatment group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the pre-treatment group,GQD decreased the relative abundance of Megamonas and Veillonella.In addition,GQD increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides,Akkermansia and Prevotella.CONCLUSION GQD enhances immunity and protects intestinal barrier function in patients with CRC by regulating the composition of gut microbiota.

Effects of Astragalus injection on chemokines, renal function and humoral immunity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Objective:To investigate the effects of Astragalus Injection on inflammatory factors, chemokines, renal function and humoral immunity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods:80 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were treated in the department of respiratory medicine in our hospital from October 2015 to October 2017 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 40 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given levofloxacin treatment;and patients in the observation group were given astragalus injection combined with levofloxacin treatment. Before and after treatment, procalcitonin (PCT), interferon-γ (INF-γ), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1 ), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), uric acid (UA) and immunoglobulin (IgA, IgM, IgG) levels were measured and compared between the patients in the two groups.Result: After treatment, the levels of PCT, INF-γ, MCP-1 and MIP-1 in serum of the patients in the two groups were significantly decreased, and the levels of IgA, IgM and IgG were significantly increased. The changes of the PCT, INF-γ, MCP-1, MIP-1 , IgA, IgM and IgG of patients in the observation group were significantly stronger than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of BUN, SCr and UA in serum of patients in the two groups increased significantly. The serum levels of above indexes of patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Astragalus injection can significantly relieve the inflammatory state of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, reduce the level of chemokines, enhance the renal function and immune function of patients. It has good clinical efficacy.

The immunity-promoting activity of porcine placenta in mice as an immunomodulator for functional foods

This study was to explore the immunity-promoting activity of porcine placenta as a potential raw material for functional foods.Porcine placenta was subjected to the analysis for its bioactive substances,and their immunity-promoting activity was determined in mice supplemented with porcine placenta extract(PPE)and freeze-dried porcine placenta powder at high(PPH)and low(PPL)dosage.Results showed that porcine placenta contained placental peptides and 15 free amino acids,and the amounts of estrogen and progesterone in products developed from porcine placenta were within the limit of national standard.Mice model experiment revealed that compared with the control,the PPH treatment significantly improved the spleen index(P<0.05)by increasing the phagocytic rate of macrophages from 20%to 60%and the conversion rate of T lymphocytes from 8%to 60%.The q PCR analysis disclosed that the porcine placenta powder enhanced mice immunity via promoting the expression of Th1 cytokines of interleukin-2(IL-2)and IFN-γ,especially the former,by almost 8 times in the spleens of male mice,while inhibited Th2 cytokines of IL-4 and IL-10.This investigation has provided a reference for the development of porcine placenta as a raw material applied in functional foods to improve human immunity.

Immune function, gastrointestinal hormone levels, and their clinical significance in patients with gastric ulcers complicated with depression

BACKGROUND Gastric ulcer(GU)is a common digestive tract disease,and medical records of GU combined with depression are increasingly common.Currently,the risk factors and pathogenesis of GU complicated with depression remain unclear.Low immune function and gastrointestinal hormone levels may also be significant risk factors.Therefore,this study explored the immune function and gastrointestinal hormone levels in patients with GU combined with depression.AIM To explore the immune function,gastrointestinal hormone level,and clinical significance of patients with GU combined with depression.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 300 patients with GU combined with depression admitted to Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 as the study subjects.According to the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)score,patients were divided into mild-to-moderate(n=210)and heavy(n=90)groups.Basic data,immune function indices[immunoglobulin A(IgA),IgM,IgG,serum CD4+and CD8+percentage,and CD4+/CD8+ratio],and gastrointestinal hormone indices[serum gastrin(GAS),cholecystokinin(CCK),and motilin(MTL)levels]were collected.The basic data of the two groups were compared,and the immune function and gastrointestinal hormone indices were analyzed.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the severity of GU complicated with depression.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and area under the ROC curve(AUC)were used to analyze the value of the immune function index,gastrointestinal hormone index,and combined index in predicting the severity of GU complicated with depression.RESULTS There were no marked differences in sex,age,body mass index,abdominal distension,abdominal pain,belching,nausea,vomiting,or sleep disorders between the heavy and mild-to-moderate groups(P>0.05).There was a marked difference in the family history of depression between the heavy and mild-to-moderate groups(P<0.05).There were significant differences in serum IgA and IgM levels and serum CD4+,CD8+,and CD4+/CD8+ratios between the heavy and mild-to-moderate groups(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that IgA,IgM,GAS,and CCK serum levels influenced the severity of GU with depression(P<0.05).The AUC of the ROC curve for serum IgA level predicting GU with depression severity was 0.808[95%confidence interval(CI):0.760-0.857],the AUC of the serum IgM level was 0.757(95%CI:0.700-0.814),the AUC of the serum GAS level was 0.853(95%CI:0.810-0.897),the AUC of the serum CCK level was 0.762(95%CI:0.709-0.822),the AUC of immune function(IgA,IgM)and gastrointestinal hormone levels(GAS,CCK)for the prediction of GU with depression severity was 0.958(95%CI:0.933-0.976).CONCLUSION Important factors influencing GU complicated with depression are serum IgA,IgM,GAS,and CCK indicators.They can be used as indicators to predict the severity of GU complicated with depression.

Construction of Odd-Variable Boolean Function with Maximum Algebraic Immunity Using Univariate Polynomial Representation

To protect against algebraic attacks, a high algebraic immunity is now an important criterion for Boolean functions used in stream ciphers. In this paper, a new method based on a univariate polynomial representation of Boolean functions is proposed. The proposed method is used to construct Boolean functions with an odd number of variables and with maximum algebraic immunity. We also discuss the nonlinearity of the constructed functions. Moreover, a lower bound is determined for the number of Boolean functions with maximum algebraic immunity.

Effects of rearing system and antibiotic treatment on immune function,gut microbiota and metabolites of broiler chickens

Background:In China,cage systems with a high space utilization have gradually replaced ground litter systems,but the disease incidence of chickens in cages is higher.Broilers in the ground litter pens may be stimulated by more environmental microbes during the growth process and show strong immune function and status,but knowledge of which microbes and their metabolites play an immunomodulatory role is still limited.This study aimed to explore the differences and correlations in the immune function,gut microbiota and metabolites and the importance of gut microbiota of broilers raised in cages and ground litter pens.Methods:The experiment involved a 2×2 factorial arrangement,with rearing systems(cages or ground litter pens)and antibiotic treatment(with or without broad-spectrum antibiotics in drinking water)as factors.Results:The results showed that,compared with the cage group,the ground litter broilers had stronger nonspecific immune function(Macrophages%and NO in blood),humoral immune function(IgG in blood,LPS stimulation index in ileum)and cellular immune function(T%,Tc%,ConA stimulation index and cytokines in blood).Antibiotic(ABX)treat-ment significantly reduced nonspecific immune function(Macrophages%and NO in blood,iNOS and Mucin2 mRNA expression in ileum),humoral immune function(IgG in blood and sIgA in ileum)and cellular immune function(T%and cytokines in blood,Th and Tc ratio,TLRs and cytokines mRNA expression in ileum).Furthermore,the ground litter broil-ers had higherαdiversity of microbiota in ileum.The relative abundance of Staphylococcus,Jeotgalicoccus,Jeotgalibaca and Pediococcus in the ileum of ground litter broilers were higher.ABX treatment significantly reduced theαdiversity of ileal microbiota,with less Chloroplast and Mitochondria.In addition,the levels of acetic acid,isobutyric acid,kynurenic acid and allolithocholic acid in the ileum of ground litter broilers were higher.Spearman correlation analysis showed that Jeotgalibaca,Pediococcus,acetic acid,kynurenic acid and allolithocholic acid were related to the immune function.Conclusions:There were more potential pathogens,litter breeding bacteria,short-chain fatty acids,kynurenine,allolithocholic acid and tryptophan metabolites in the ileum of broilers in ground litter pens,which may be the reason for its stronger immune function and status.

Effects of intravenous inhalational anesthesia on the hemodynamic homeostasis as well as postoperative brain function and Th1/Th2 immunity in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture

Objective: To explore the effects of intravenous inhalational anesthesia on the hemodynamic homeostasis as well as postoperative brain function and Th1/Th2 immunity in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture. Methods: A total of 176 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture who received hip replacement in our hospital between July 2016 and June 2017 were divided into the total intravenous anesthesia group (n=86) and the intravenous inhalational anesthesia group (n=90) according to the anesthesia solution. The differences in introperative hemodynamic parameter levels as well as postoperative brain function index and Th1/Th2 cytokine contents were compared between the two groups. Results: During operation, hemodynamic parameters MAP and HR levels in intravenous inhalational anesthesia group were lower than those in total intravenous anesthesia group. 24 h after operation, serum brain function indexes MBP, S100B and NSE contents in intravenous inhalational anesthesia group were lower than those in total intravenous anesthesia group;serum Th1 cytokines IFN-γand IL-2 contents were higher than those in total intravenous anaesthesia group whereas Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 contents were lower than those in total intravenous anesthesia group. Conclusion: The intravenous inhalational anesthesia can effectively stabilize the intraoperative hemodynamics and reduce the postoperative brain function and Th1/Th2 immune function injury in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.

抗菌肽对鱼类肠道菌群及免疫功能影响的研究进展

抗菌肽是先天免疫的组成部分,构成许多生物体抵御入侵病原体的第一道防线。抗菌肽是基因编码的(小于100个氨基酸),具有空间排列的疏水性和阳离子氨基酸特性的两性分子,具有多种生物学功能。抗菌肽(作为饲料添加剂)能够改善水产动物的生长性能,增强水产动物机体的抗病能力。鱼类肠道承担着营养物质消化吸收的功能,同时鱼类肠道内的微生物也参与机体的免疫反应。文章对抗菌肽的来源、分类、生物学功能、抗菌机制以及抗菌肽对鱼类肠道菌群和机体免疫功能的影响进行了系统的阐述,进而分析了抗菌肽、肠道菌群、机体免疫三者的关系。为抗菌肽替代抗生素在鱼类健康养殖中的应用提供了技术指导,为揭示抗菌肽在鱼体的相关作用机制奠定基础。

中草药添加剂对西门塔尔肉牛血清免疫、细胞因子、抗氧化指标及直肠菌群的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加中草药添加剂对西门塔尔肉牛血清免疫、细胞因子、抗氧化指标及直肠菌群的影响。采用单因素随机区组试验设计,选取20头健康的12月龄平均体重为(268.80±4.95)kg的西门塔尔肉牛,随机分为对照组(CG组)和试验组(AG组),每组10个重复,每个重复1头肉牛。CG组饲喂基础饲粮,AG组在基础饲粮中额外添加100 g/(头·d)中草药添加剂。预试期5 d,正式试验期60 d。结果表明:与CG组相比,AG组西门塔尔肉牛血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量提高了12.70%和7.58%(P<0.05),血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性提高了3.13%(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量降低了28.87%(P<0.05),总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)提高了1.39%(P>0.05)。AG组西门塔尔肉牛肠道菌群Shannon、Chao1和Ace指数比CG组分别提高了0.17%、1.51%和0.96%(P>0.05)。AG组西门塔尔肉牛肠道中拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和疣微杆菌门(Verrucomicrobia)的相对丰度比CG组提高了6.50%和2.94%(P>0.05),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的相对丰度比CG组降低了5.94%(P>0.05);未分类拟杆菌属(unclassified_Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度高于CG组(P<0.05),居海事城球杆菌属(Phocaeicola)和另枝菌属(Alistipes)的相对丰度比CG组提高了8.33%和16.45%(P>0.05)。研究表明,中草药添加剂可以提高西门塔尔肉牛的免疫水平、抗氧化能力、肠道菌群丰度,促进肠道有益菌群的生长,增强机体消化纤维的能力。

The Effect of TSH Suppression Therapy on the Efficacy and Immune Function of Postoperative Patients with Thyroid Cancer

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and immune function of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)suppression therapy in postoperative thyroid cancer patients.Methods:Sixty thyroid cancer patients admitted from July 2020–July 2022 were recruited and randomly divided into two groups.The control group(30 patients)received hormone replacement therapy,while the study group(30 patients)received TSH suppression therapy.The thyroid function,clinical efficacy,immune function,and tumor markers of the two groups were compared.Results:After treatment,the levels of free triiodothyronine(FT3)and thyroxine(FT4)in both groups increased significantly,while TSH levels decreased significantly.Moreover,the magnitude of change in the study group was greater than that in the control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate in the study group was significantly higher as compared to the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD3+and CD4+cells in both groups of patients increased significantly,with the study group showing significantly higher levels than the control group,whereas the level of CD8+cells decreased significantly,with the study group having lower levels than the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of Tg and CEA in both groups were significantly lowered as compared to before treatment,and the levels of Tg and CEA in the study group were significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:TSH suppression therapy in postoperative thyroid cancer patients can improve thyroid function,suppress the levels of tumor markers,and enhance immune function,thereby achieving good clinical outcomes.

Effects of Kangfuxin Solution (康复新液) Combined with Low-level Laser on Cytokines and Immune Function in Patients with Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis

Objective:To investigate the effect of Kangfuxin Solution(康复新液)combined with low-level laser therapy(LLLT)on cytokines and immune function in patients with radiation-induced oral mucositis.Methods:There were 84 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with oral mucositis after intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT)were randomly divided into the control group(CG)and the observation group(OG),with 42 cases in each group.The CG was given LLLT,and the OG was treated with Kangfuxin Solution in addition to LLLT for 10 consecutive days.The healing time of oral mucosa,mucositis grading,oral pain scores,cytokines(interleukin-6,interleukin-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α)and T lymphocyte subsets were compared between the 2 groups before and after treatment.Results:The healing time of oral mucosa in the OG was(6.8±1.4)d,which was significantly shorter than(8.6±1.9)d in the CG(t=4.943,P<0.01).After treatment,the grading of oral mucositis in the OG was better than that in the CG,with a statistically significant difference(Z=2.942,P<0.05).The oral pain scores of the OG was lower than that in the CG at different time points after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(t=8.207,11.017,P<0.01).After treatment,the levels of IL-6,IL-1βand TNF-αin peripheral blood of the OG were significantly lower than those in the CG(t=5.217,2.775,4.053,P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in CD4+,CD8+and CD4+/CD8+between the OG and the CG after treatment(t=5.692,6.093,3.658,P<0.01).Conclusion:Kangfuxin Solution combined with LLLT can significantly shorten the healing time of oral mucosal,reduce the grading of oral mucositis,relieve oral pain,reduce inflammatory response and improve the immune function of patients.

维生素C辅助阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的疗效

目的:探讨维生素C辅助阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)疗效及其对免疫功能的影响。方法:选取106例MPP患儿为研究对象,按照治疗方式不同分为观察组和对照组,每组各53例。观察组患者采用维生素C辅助阿奇霉素序贯疗法治疗;对照组采用阿奇霉素治疗,疗程均为7 d。比较两组患儿临床疗效、症状缓解时间、肺功能、免疫功能及不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组患儿临床总有效率高于对照组(98.11%vs.86.79%,P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患儿高热、咳嗽、肺啰音、胸片缓解时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患儿用力呼气肺活量占预计值百分比(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气肺活量(FEVl)、FEVl/FVC无统计学差异(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患儿FVC、FEVl、FEVl/FVC均升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患儿外周血免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM、IgG水平无统计学差异(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患儿外周血IgA、IgG水平均升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);IgM水平均降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗期间不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:阿奇霉素序贯疗法联合维生素C治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎能够提高疗效和免疫功能,值得临床推广。

精准肝蒂解剖技术辅助腹腔镜肝癌切除术的效果及对炎症免疫应激、肝功能的影响

目的探讨精准肝蒂解剖技术辅助腹腔镜肝癌切除术的效果及对炎症免疫应激、肝功能的影响。方法选取达州市中心医院2019年10月至2022年6月114例原发性肝癌患者,按照随机数字表法分为常规组(n=57)与精准组(n=57)。2组均行腹腔镜肝癌切除术,常规组采用常规方法切除肝脏,精准组采用精准肝蒂解剖技术切除肝脏。比较2组手术指标、手术前后炎症-免疫指标[白介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、IgM、IgG]、肝功能[丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、γ谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)、总胆红素(TBIL)]、肿瘤因子[甲胎蛋白(AFP)、糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、胸苷激酶1(TK1)]水平、并发症发生率,并随访1 a,统计2组1 a复发率、生存率。结果2组手术时间、切缘阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);精准组术中出血量、术后引流量少于常规组,术后拔管时间、住院时间短于常规组(P<0.05);2组术后1 d、3 d、7 d血清IL-6、CRP、TNF-α、ALT、AST、γ-GT、TBIL水平呈升高后降低趋势,且精准组低于常规组(P<0.05),血清IgA、IgM、IgG水平呈降低后升高趋势,且精准组高于常规组(P<0.05);2组术后3个月血清AFP、CA19-9、TK1水平低于术前,精准组低于常规组(P<0.05);精准组并发症发生率5.26%(3/57)低于常规组17.54%(10/57)(P<0.05);随访1 a,精准组失访2例,常规组失访1例,精准组1 a复发率25.45%(14/55)低于常规组44.64%(25/56),1a生存率85.45%(47/55)高于常规组62.50%(35/56)(P<0.05)。结论精准肝蒂解剖技术应用于原发性肝癌腹腔镜肝切除术中能优化手术情况,减轻炎症免疫应激与肝功能损伤,减少并发症,还可明显抑制肿瘤因子表达,降低复发率,提高生存率。

全胸腔镜肺叶切除术对早期非小细胞肺癌患者miR-25、miR-29A、miR-126及T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的探讨对早期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者采用全胸腔镜肺叶切除术(VATS)治疗的效果。方法采用随机数字表法将NSCLC患者80例分为2组,各40例,对照组采用开胸手术,观察组采用VATS。比较两组围术期指标、微小核糖核(miR)相关指标及免疫功能指标,并随访1年,统计两组总生存期及无进展生存期。结果观察组住院时间短于对照组,术后引流量及术中出血量均少于对照组,有统计学差异(P<0.05);两组手术时间、淋巴结清扫数目比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05);两组术后miR-25、miR-29A、miR-126水平均较术前升高,且观察组高于对照组,有统计学差异(P<0.05);两组术后CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平均较术前降低,但观察组高于对照组,两组CD8^(+)水平均较术前升高,但观察组低于对照组,有统计学差异(P<0.05);随访1年,两组无进展生存期及总生存期比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论在早期NSCLC患者中采用VATS治疗创伤更小,可有效调节血浆miR-25、miR-29A、miR-126水平,对免疫功能影响小,有利于患者术后尽早恢复。

小剂量利妥昔单抗联合甲泼尼龙序贯治疗视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病疗效观察

目的探讨小剂量利妥昔单抗联合甲泼尼龙序贯治疗视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSD)的临床疗效。方法选取医院2017年1月至2020年6月收治的NMOSD患者112例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各56例。两组患者均予注射用甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠静脉冲击治疗(1000μg/d)3~5 d,逐渐减至125 mg/d,后改为口服甲泼尼龙片48 mg/d(继续减量至4 mg/d维持或停用);观察组患者加用利妥昔单抗注射液100 mg静脉滴注,每周1次,连续治疗4周,6~12个月重复使用。结果治疗后,观察组患者年复发率、扩展残疾状态量表(EDSS)评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),外周血T淋巴细胞CD_(3)^(+)和CD_(4)^(+)水平及CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),血清白细胞介素6(IL-6)、白细胞介素17(IL-17)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后的天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、血尿素氮、血清肌酐水平均无显著改变(P>0.05)。观察组与对照组不良反应发生率相当(7.14%比12.50%,P>0.05)。结论小剂量利妥昔单抗联合甲泼尼龙序贯治疗NMOSD,能有效改善患者的病情及机体炎症状况,提高免疫功能。