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英国核电通用设计审查特色与实践 被引量:1
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作者 毛庆 方亮 《核安全》 2023年第1期16-22,共7页
英国核安全和环境监管体系中存在很多极具英国特色的要求(UK context),包括Safety Case、ALARP和BAT等概念。这些具有英国特色的要求需要核电厂的设计方(Designer)、执照申请方(Licensee)或运行单位(Operator)在英国核电项目的设计、建... 英国核安全和环境监管体系中存在很多极具英国特色的要求(UK context),包括Safety Case、ALARP和BAT等概念。这些具有英国特色的要求需要核电厂的设计方(Designer)、执照申请方(Licensee)或运行单位(Operator)在英国核电项目的设计、建造、运行和退役全生命周期中对其有深入理解并加以应用。本文通过作者五年来从事华龙一号英国通用设计审查(GDA)的实践,着重介绍了三个具有英国特色的概念并提出了自己的认识。 展开更多
关键词 英国通用设计审查 核安全和环境监管 safety Case ALARP BAT
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TIMODAZ:A successful international cooperation project to investigate the thermal impact on the EDZ around a radioactive waste disposal in clay host rocks 被引量:7
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作者 Xiangling Li 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2013年第3期231-242,252,共12页
Disposal of spent nuclear fuel and long lived radioactive waste in deep clay geological formations is one of the promising options worldwide. In this concept of the geological disposal system, the host clay formation ... Disposal of spent nuclear fuel and long lived radioactive waste in deep clay geological formations is one of the promising options worldwide. In this concept of the geological disposal system, the host clay formation is considered as a principal barrier on which the fulfillment of key safety functions rests. Between 2006 and 2010, the European Commission project TIMODAZ, which gathered 15 partners from 8 countries, has investigated the coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) effects on clay formations for geological disposal of radioactive waste, and specific attention was paid to investigating the thermal effect on the evolution of the damaged zone (DZ). Three types of potential host clay formations were investigated: the Boom Clay (Belgium), the Opalinus Clay (Switzerland) and the Callovo-Oxfordian argillite (France). Intensive experimental (laboratory and in situ in underground research laboratories) and numerical studies have been performed. Multi-scale approach was used in the course of the project. High degree of similarities between the failure modes, sealing process, stress paths, deformation, etc., observed in laboratories and in situ has been obtained, which increased the confidence in the applicability of laboratory test results and up-scaling perspective. The results of the laboratory and in situ tests obtained allowed the parameters for numerical models at various scales to be derived and provided the basis for the simplified performance assessment models that are used to assess the long-term safety of a repository. The good cooperation between the numerical modeler and experimenters has allowed an in-depth analysis of the experimental results and thus better understanding the underlying processes, and consequently increased the capabilities to model the THM effects in claystones. This paper presents the main achievements obtained by TIMODAZ project and shows how a European scientific community investigates a problem of concern in a collaborative way and how the obtained main results are applied to the performance assessment of a geological repository. 展开更多
关键词 Nuclear waste disposal Damaged zone (DZ) Thermo-hydro-mechano-chemical (THMC) PERTURBATION Clay formations Performance assessment (PA) safety case Multi-scale
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Next Generation Scanning LIDAR Systems for Optimizing Wake Turbulence Separation Minima 被引量:1
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作者 Ludovic Thobois Jean-Pierre Cariou 《雷达学报(中英文)》 CSCD 2017年第6期689-698,共10页
Numerous studies have been performed to better understand the behavior of wake vortices with regards to aircraft characteristics and weather conditionsover the pastten years. These studies have led to the development ... Numerous studies have been performed to better understand the behavior of wake vortices with regards to aircraft characteristics and weather conditionsover the pastten years. These studies have led to the development of the aircraft RECATegorization(RECAT) programs in Europe and in USA. Its phase one focused on redefining distance separation matrix with six static aircraft wake turbulence categories instead of three with the current International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO) regulations. In Europe, the RECAT-EU regulation is now entering under operational implementation atseveral key airports. As proven by several research projects in the past, LIght Detection And Ranging(LIDAR) sensors are considered as the ground truth wake vortex measurements for assessing the safety impact of a new wake turbulence regulation at an airport in quantifying the risks given the local specificities. LIDAR's can also be used to perform risk monitoring after the implementation. In this paper, the principle to measure wake vortices with scanning coherent Doppler LIDARs is described as well as its dedicated post-processing. Finally the use of WINDCUBELIDAR based solution for supporting the implementation of new wake turbulenceregulation is described along with satisfyingresults that have permitted the monitoring of the wake vortex encounter risk after the implementation of a new wake turbulence regulation. 展开更多
关键词 Wake turbulence Wake vortices LIght Detection And Ranging(LIDAR) Algorithm CIRCULATION Data collection safety case Risk monitoring
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Current status of the geological disposal programme and an overview of the safety case at the pre-siting stage in Japan
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作者 Tetsuo Fujiyama Kenichi Kaku 《Rock Mechanics Bulletin》 2023年第3期78-92,共15页
In Japan,high-level radioactive waste and specific low-level radioactive waste which includes long-lived radionuclides are planned to be disposed of in the geological formations at depths greater than 300 m.The dispos... In Japan,high-level radioactive waste and specific low-level radioactive waste which includes long-lived radionuclides are planned to be disposed of in the geological formations at depths greater than 300 m.The disposal site will be selected through a stepwise site investigation process that consists of a Literature Survey,Preliminary Investigation,and Detailed Investigation phases.In October 2020 a Literature Survey was launched in Japan at two municipalities in Hokkaido for the first time since NUMO initiated a nationwide call for volunteer municipalities in 2002,and the outcomes are currently being compiled.To enhance the public’s understanding of how to implement safe geological disposal in Japan based on the latest scientific knowledge and technology,NUMO,as the implementing organisation,developed and published a safety case for geological disposal at the pre-siting stage.This safety case provides multiple lines of arguments and evidence to demonstrate the feasibility of the geological disposal and a basic structure for a safety case that will be applicable to any potential sites in Japan.The safety case also presented some R&D challenges to enhance the technical confidence of the project,including the R&D topics related to rock mechanics.This report presents the current status of the geological disposal programme in Japan,together with the status of the Literature Survey phase and an overview of the NUMO safety case. 展开更多
关键词 High-level radioactive waste TRU waste Geological disposal Site selection process Literature survey safety case
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