A Clinical Study of Safflower Yellow Injection in Treating Coronary Heart Disease Angina Pectoris with Xin-Blood Stagnation Syndrome

Objective： To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of Safflower Yellow injection （SYI） in treating coronary heart disease angina pectoris （OHD-AP） with Xin-blood stagnation syndrome （XBSS）. Methods： Adopted was the multi-centered, randomized, positive parallel controlled method, 448 patients with CHD-AP-XBSS were enrolled and divided into two groups, 336 in the tested group treated with SYI and 112 in the control group treated with Salvia injection by intravenous dripping once a day for 14 days, so as to observe the conditions of angina, electrocardiogram, and therapeutic effect on traditinal Chinese medicine （TCM） symptoms as well as the safety of the treatment. Results： The significantly effective rate and total effective rate in the tested group were 60.06% （194/323） and 91.02 % （294/323） respectively; those in improvement of TOM symptoms were 40. 18% （129/321） and 75.23% （243/323） respectively, which were better than those in the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： SYI Injection is effective and safe in treating OHD-AP-XBSS.

Inductive effect of hydroxyl safflower yellow-A on apoptosis in abnormal HUVEC via the mitochondrial pathway

Objective:To investigate the mechanism by which hydroxyl safflower yellow A,an active component of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.),promotes apoptosis in abnormal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods:Supernatant of BGC-823 was used to stimulate HUVECs to establish a model of abnormal proliferation of HUVECs.After determining an ideal concentration of HSYA by MTT assay,apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry and TUNEL assay.Mechanism of apoptosis was assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,Western blot,and ELISA.Results:A range of concentrations of HSYA inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of abnormal HUVECs.As the rate of apoptosis increased,mRNA expression of caspase-3 increased while expression of mutant p53 decreased.HSYA had no effect on Fas gene expression.Analogously,protein expression of Bax was increased while those of Bcl-2,Fas,and Fas-L were decreased.Conclusions:HSYA appears to induce apoptosis of HUVECs with the stimulation of the supematant of tumor cells.The mechanism of apoptosis by HSYA may involve activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and regulation of the expressions of Bcl-2,Bax,and p53.

Effect of safflower yellow pigment combined with cerebellin on neurological function in patients with ischemic stroke and its mechanism

Objective: To investigate the effects of safflower yellow pigment combined with cerebellin on neurological function in patients with ischemic stroke and analyze its possible mechanism. Methods: A total of 130 patients with ischemic stroke admitted to my hospital from May 2017 to August 2018 were enrolled. The patients were divided into the control group and the study group according to the random number table method, 65 cases in each group. The control group was treated with cerebroside carnosine. And the study group was treated with safflower yellow pigment on the basis of the control group. The changes of neurological function index, oxidative stress index, vascular endothelial function index and inflammatory factor were compared before and after treatment. Results: There were no significant differences in preoperative neurological parameters, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and inflammatory factors between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the neurological function indexes S-100β and NSE were significantly lower in both groups, and NGF levels were significantly increased. The S-100β and NSE levels in the study group were (0.91±0.10) ng/L and (12.91±1.33) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than control group. While the NGF level of the study group was (79.52±8.07) μg/L significantly higher than that of the control group (both P<0.05). The levels of Ox-LDL were significantly reduced and GSH-Px levels were significantly elevated in both groups after treatment. The level of oxidative stress index Ox-LDL was (563.51±57.10) μg/dL, which was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the GSH-Px level was (154.55±16.07) U/L, which was significantly higher than the control group (both P<0.05). The levels of vascular endothelial function NT-proBNP, TXB2 and ET-1 were significantly lower in the two groups after treatment. The NT-proBNP, TXB2 and ET-1 in the study group were (95.91±9.77) pg/mL, (245.69±25.06) pg/mL and (64.26±6.65) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than the control group (both P<0.05). The levels of inflammatory factors MMP-9 and TNF-α were significantly lower in the two groups after treatment. The levels of MMP-9 and TNF-α in the study group were (60.64±6.12) ng/mL and (0.33±0.04) ng/mL, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Safflor yellow combined with cerebellin in the treatment of ischemic stroke has higher clinical efficacy and can significantly improve the neurological function of patients. The possible mechanism is related to the improvement of vascular endothelial function and stress response.

羟基红花黄色素A抑制糖氧剥夺/复糖复氧处理后神经元焦亡的作用

背景:羟基红花黄色素A具有抗缺血、抗氧化、抗血栓及抗炎等作用,其是否影响糖氧剥夺/复糖复氧处理后神经元焦亡,目前尚不清楚。目的:探讨羟基红花黄色素A对神经元焦亡的干预作用及机制。方法:取对数生长期的HT22细胞,随机分为5组:正常组、模型组、羟基红花黄色素A组、Colivelin组、Colivelin+羟基红花黄色素A组。利用糖氧剥夺/复糖复氧处理HT22细胞建立神经元焦亡模型,然后给予STAT3激动剂Colivelin、羟基红花黄色素A干预。干预后JC-1探针检测线粒体膜电位变化,活性氧试剂盒检测细胞内活性氧含量,GSDMD/TUNEL染色观察细胞焦亡情况,免疫荧光检测STAT3、GSDMD蛋白表达,RT-PCR检测STAT3、NLRP3、Caspase-1 mRNA表达,Western blot检测p-STAT3、NLRP3、GSDMD、Cleaved-caspase-1、白细胞介素1β蛋白表达。结果与结论:①与正常组相比,模型组焦亡细胞数量增多,p-STAT3、NLRP3、Cleaved-caspase-1、GSDMD、白细胞介素1β蛋白表达显著升高;与模型组相比,羟基红花黄色素A组焦亡细胞数量减少,焦亡相关蛋白的表达显著降低;②与模型组相比,Colivelin组细胞焦亡加剧,线粒体膜电位降低,活性氧含量增加,STAT3、NLRP3、Caspase-1 mRNA表达升高,p-STAT3、NLRP3、GSDMD、Cleaved-caspase-1、白细胞介素1β蛋白表达升高;与Colivelin组相比,Colivelin+羟基红花黄色素A组上述指标均有好转。结果表明:羟基红花黄色素A通过STAT3信号通路抑制糖氧剥夺/复糖复氧后HT22细胞焦亡发挥神经保护作用。

Safflower Yellow Inhibits Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Modulating Immunological Tolerance via FAK Pathway

Objective To explore the anti-tumor effect of safflower yellow(SY)against hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and the underlying potential mechanism.Methods An in vitro model was established by mixing Luc-Hepa1-6 cells and CD3^(+)CD8^(+)T cells,followed by adding programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)antibody(Anti-mPD-1)with or without SY.The apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and the level of inflammatory cytokines was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The protein levels of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(PD-L1),chemokine ligand(CCL5),C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10(CXCL10)were measured by Western blot.An in situ animal model was established in mice followed by treatment with anti-mPD-1 with or without SY.Bioluminescence imaging was monitored with an AniView 100 imaging system.To establish the FAK-overexpressed Luc-Hepa1-6 cells,cells were transfected with adenovirus containing pcDNA3.1-FAK for 48 h.Results The fluorescence intensity,apoptotic rate,release of inflammatory cytokines,and CCL5/CXCL10 secretion were dramatically facilitated by anti-mPD-1(P<0.01),accompanied by an inactivation of PD-1/PD-L1 axis,which were extremely further enhanced by SY(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Increased fluorescence intensity,elevated percentage of CD3+CD8+T cells,facilitated release of inflammatory cytokines,inactivated PD-1/PD-L1 axis,and increased CCL5/CXCL10 secretion were observed in Anti-mPD-1 treated mice(P<0.01),which were markedly enhanced by SY(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Furthermore,the enhanced effects of SY on inhibiting tumor cell growth,facilitating apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine releasing,suppressing the PD-1/PD-L1 axis,and inducing the CCL5/CXCL10 secretion in Anti-mPD-1 treated mixture of Luc-Hepa1-6 cells and CD3+CD8+T cells were abolished by FAK overexpression(P<0.01).Conclusion SY inhibited the progression of HCC by mediating immunological tolerance through inhibiting FAK.

Screening Safflower Injection for Constituents with Activity against Stroke Using Comprehensive Chemical Profiling Coupled with Network Pharmacology

Objective:This study aimed to explore safflower injection(SI)for constituents with activity against ischemic stroke using a combination of chemical analysis and a network pharmacology strategy.Materials and Methods:The main ingredients of SI were comprehensively identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry,and the core targets and pathways associated with stroke were predicted using PharmMapper and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis.Cytoscape software was used to visualize and analyze the active compound-target-pathway network of SI regulating ischemic stroke.Results:A total of76 chemical compounds were identified from the SI sample,including 63,which regulated 88 targets that were ultimately enriched in 12 key ischemia stroke-related signaling pathways.Kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,carthamoside B6,neoeriocitrin,and6-hydroxykaempferol-3-O-rutinoside-6-O-glucoside were determined to be important for stroke treatment because they had a higher degree value in the network than other constituents did.Moreover,the characteristic components isolated from SI showed protective effect mainly by acting on multiple targets including AKT1,epidermal growth factor receptor,transforming growth factor-beta receptor(TGFBR),Ras homolog,mTORC1 binding,caspase 3,and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta,which were involved in different signaling pathways including phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt,mitogen-activated protein kinase,neurotrophin,ErbB,mechanistic target of rapamycin,and tumor necrosis factor.Conclusions:This study proposed a network pharmacology and chemical component profiling strategy for the systematic understanding of the therapeutic material basis of using SI against ischemic stroke.

Stability and degradation of hydroxysafflor yellow A and anhydrosafflor yellow B in the Safflower injection studied by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS^n

Safflower is a popular Chinese medicinal plant and Safflower injection is extensively used for the clinical treatment of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn was utilized to study the stability and degradation of the two major but chemically unstable bioactive compounds hydroxysaffior yellow A and anhydrosaffior yellow B, in Safflower injection. The impact of light irradiation, temperature, and pH on the stability of these two compounds were studied. The results showed that hydroxysafflor yellow A and anhydrosafflor yellow B could degrade at high temperature （〉60 ℃） or extreme pHs （pH ≤ 3.0 or 〉7.0）, but not under light irradiation. The common degradation product was p-coumaric acid. Chemical structures of the other degradation products were characterized by LC-MS. Hypothetical degradation pathways were proposed. In addition, ADP-induced platelet aggregation tests showed that the degradation of anhydrosaffior yellow B could reduce the anticoagulation activities of Safflower injection. Our results suggest that temperature and pH are critically important for the preparation and storage of Safflower injection.

黄帝内针治疗眼部顽疾经验

黄帝内针源自《黄帝内经》,在杨真海先生的努力下,始普及传播。黄帝内针的特点是简易、安全、实用、高效,操作手法相对简单,不需人为补泻,不用提插捻转,不讲得气与否,易学习、易掌握。介绍黄帝内针的中医学术思想及其治疗眼部顽疾的临床经验,认为黄帝内针可改善各类过敏性和免疫性相关疾病所致眼部损害,适合现今社会广为推广。并举验案4则。

红花中的黄酮类化学成分及其药理作用研究进展

红花为菊科属植物红花Carthamus tinctorius L.的干燥花,黄酮类化学成分是红花特征性和主要的活性成分,依据结构类型主要分为四类,包括黄酮、黄酮醇、二氢黄酮、醌式查耳酮类。现代药理学研究表明,红花黄酮类化学成分药理作用广泛,如降低血液粘度、减轻血管内皮炎症损伤、抑制炎症因子释放、改善气道重塑、抑制心肌细胞凋亡、保护中枢神经、保肝等,对多系统疾病具有治疗作用。本文通过检索国内外文献,对红花黄酮类化学成分及其药理作用的研究进展进行综述,为红花的进一步研究提供参考。

红花的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

中药红花临床上主要用于促进血液循环,消除经络阻塞。其有效成分、药理活性和应用开发备受关注,具有广阔的应用前景。红花含有醌氏查尔酮类、黄酮类、生物碱、聚炔类、木脂素、脂肪酸等多种化学成分。现代药理研究表明,红花的多种药理学作用被应用于血管系统、神经系统、免疫系统疾病及抗氧化、抗炎、抗肿瘤等方面。同时,红花籽油具有抗衰老、预防饮食肥胖等作用。本文主要就红花的化学成分、药理作用和食品保健作用等的研究进展进行综述,并概述红花的开发应用前景,以期为红花的进一步研究和开发提供参考。

基于代谢组学和网络药理学探讨羟基红花黄色素A治疗脓毒症急性肝损伤作用机制

目的采用代谢组学与网络药理学方法探讨羟基红花黄色素A(HSYA)治疗脓毒症急性肝损伤作用机制。方法将50只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为假手术组(10只)、脓毒症组(20只)和HSYA组(20只),采用盲肠结扎穿刺法构建脓毒症急性肝损伤小鼠模型,HSYA组造模后2 h皮下注射HSYA(2.25 mg/kg)。检测小鼠血清炎症因子含量及肝功能,HE染色观察肝组织病理变化,超高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)对肝组织进行代谢组学分析,多元数据统计方法筛选差异代谢物,采用网络药理学预测HSYA治疗脓毒症急性肝损伤潜在靶点,并对潜在靶点进行GO和KEGG通路富集分析,用Metabo Analyst 5.0数据库对模型组和HSYA组差异代谢物与潜在靶点进行匹配,构建靶点-代谢物-代谢通路网络,使用AutoDock Vina软件对HSYA与核心靶点进行分子对接,最后采用RT-qPCR验证核心基因表达。结果HSYA能降低模型小鼠血清白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α含量,恢复肝功能,减轻肝组织病理损伤。代谢组学筛选出26个向假手术组回调的差异代谢物,包括氟芬那酸、白叶藤碱、邻苯二甲酸、甲氰菊酯等,主要涉及不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成、α-亚麻酸代谢等5条代谢通路。网络药理学分析得到HSYA治疗脓毒症急性肝损伤潜在靶点81个,涉及2735个GO条目、124条信号通路;联合分析共匹配到5个差异代谢物,对应IL1B、STAT3、PTGS2、TP53等14个靶点参与HSYA对脓毒症急性肝损伤代谢紊乱的调控。分子对接结果显示,HSYA与IL1B、STAT3、PTGS2、TP53有良好的结合活性。RT-qPCR结果显示,HSYA能抑制肝组织IL1B、STAT3、PTGS2基因表达。结论HSYA可能通过调节IL1B、STAT3、PTGS2基因表达抑制炎症因子释放,维持机体代谢稳态,从而减轻脓毒症急性肝损伤。

红花黄色素对菊花永生花的染色工艺优化

为探究4个单因素对红花黄色素染色菊花的工艺影响,以脱水脱色菊花为试材,从传统染料植物红花中提取黄色素后冷冻干燥,对菊花进行染色;通过紫外—可见光谱法对红花黄色素定性测试其最大吸收波长,并测量染色后的颜色坐标和响应值K/S值;通过Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计,以K/S值为响应值进行响应面(RSM)分析,优化红花黄色素染菊花永生花工艺条件。结果显示:红花黄色素的最大波长为406.5 nm。红花黄色素染色菊花的最佳条件为:染色时间1.0 h,染色温度30℃,色素质量浓度8 g·L^(-1),染液pH值6。在此条件下,染出的菊花呈亮黄色,形态较好,染色均匀,观赏度较高。可得结论,天然红花黄色素具有较高的稳定性和匀染性,适宜菊花永生花的工业化生产。

羟基红花黄色素调节Sirt 3改善心脏缺血再灌注损伤中线粒体功能障碍

目的探讨羟基红花黄色素对脂多糖诱导的H9c2心肌细胞损伤线粒体功能保护作用及其对Sirt3的调节作用。方法H9c2心肌细胞株培养24 h后随机分为对照组、脂多糖造模组、脂多糖造模+Sirt3抑制剂组,羟基红花黄色素给药+模型组,羟基红花黄色素给药+Sirt 3抑制剂+模型组,给予脂多糖建立氧化应激损伤心肌细胞模型。采用乳酸脱氢酶检测试剂盒测定细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶含量;测定细胞中ATP含量,测定细胞中细胞色素C含量及线粒体呼吸链复合物含量;Western blot法检测Sirt 3及Bax表达量。结果与对照组比较,脂多糖模型组细胞色素C含量升高,细胞中谷氨酸脱氢酶,ATP及呼吸链复合物含量降低,Sirt3表达量略升高,Bax表达上升(P<0.05)与模型组比较,脂多糖造模+Sirt3抑制组线粒体各项损失指标明显加剧,而羟基红花黄色素给药+模型组中线粒体损伤指标明显恢复(P<0.05),而羟基红花黄色素+Sirt 3抑制剂组中线粒体损伤程度低于脂多糖造模+Sirt3抑制剂组(P<0.05),Sirt3蛋白表达较抑制组明显上升(P<0.05)。结论羟基红花黄色素降低脂多糖诱导的H9c2心肌细胞线粒体氧化损伤,该作用可能与羟基红花黄色素提高受损心肌细胞内Sirt3的表达量有关。

基于TLR4/NF-κB信号通路探究红花黄色素对不同月龄APP/PS1小鼠学习记忆能力的影响

目的 采用3、6、9月龄APP/PS1转基因小鼠作为实验动物模型,明确红花黄色素(safflower yellow, SY)对不同疾病时期APP/PS1小鼠学习记忆能力的影响,探究SY抗阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)的作用机制。方法 行为学实验观察SY对不同月龄APP/PS1小鼠学习记忆的影响;ELISA研究SY对不同月龄小鼠皮层炎症因子表达的影响,并采用Western blot检测小鼠小胶质细胞活化标志蛋白,进一步分析其作用机制。结果 SY提高了3、6、9月龄小鼠的学习记忆能力;降低脑组织中IL-6的含量,提高TGF-β1的含量;诱导各月龄小鼠脑组织中精氨酸酶-1(arginase-1, Arg-1)和髓样细胞触发受体2(triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2,TREM2)的蛋白表达水平,同时下调诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS)、Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptors, TLR4)以及核因子-κB(nuclear factor-kappa B,NF-κB)的蛋白表达水平。结论 与3、9月龄小鼠相比,SY对6月龄APP/PS1小鼠的学习记忆能力改善效果最佳。SY通过诱导APP/PS1转基因小鼠脑组织中TREM2的表达,抑制TLR4/NF-κB通路激活,促进小胶质细胞表型向抗炎型转变,减轻慢性神经炎症反应,改善各月龄APP/PS1小鼠的学习记忆能力。

红花黄色素对糖尿病小鼠足溃疡创面愈合的影响及机制

目的探讨红花黄色素(SY)对糖尿病小鼠足溃疡(DFU)创面愈合的影响及分子机制。方法取45只C57BL/6小鼠腹腔注射链脲佐菌素建立糖尿病模型。将糖尿病小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY干预组及高剂量SY联合胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)组,每组9只。DFU模型制备前,模型组小鼠不给予干预处理,低剂量SY干预组和高剂量SY干预组分别腹腔注射5、20 mg·kg^(-1)SY,高剂量SY联合IGF-1组腹腔注射20 mg·kg^(-1)SY和0.03 mg·kg^(-1)IGF-1。除假手术组外,其余4组小鼠通过切开足背部皮肤制备DFU模型;假手术组不制作足背部皮肤伤口,余手术步骤与模型组一致。于造模后第14天,用电子秤测量各组小鼠的体质量,采集尾静脉血测定空腹血糖,并使用小型游标卡尺测量创面宽度,然后处死小鼠收集创面组织,采用苏木精-伊红染色检测各组小鼠创面组织病理学变化,反转录-实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测各组小鼠创面组织中血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)和I型胶原蛋白(collagen I)、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B)、晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)mRNA的相对表达量,蛋白质印迹法检测各组小鼠创面组织中增殖标志物Ki-67、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、凋亡相关蛋白(caspase-3、caspase-6、caspase-7)、p85磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶(PI3K)和磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-AKT)蛋白的相对表达量,酶联免疫吸附试验检测各组小鼠创面组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β及IL-6水平。结果假手术组、模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY干预组及高剂量SY联合IGF-1组小鼠血糖和体质量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高剂量SY干预组小鼠创面组织愈合率显著大于模型组、低剂量SY干预组及高剂量SY联合IGF-1组(P<0.01)。模型组、低剂量SY干预组及高剂量SY联合IGF-1组创面组织愈合率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高剂量SY干预组小鼠创面组织中出现大量胶原纤维密集有序排列,并伴有大量新生血管;模型组、低剂量SY干预组及高剂量SY联合IGF-1组小鼠创面组织中胶原纤维稀疏,并伴有少量新生血管。高剂量SY干预组小鼠创面组织中PDGF、VEGF、α-SMA及collagen I mRNA相对表达量显著高于模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY联合IGF-1组(P<0.01);高剂量SY干预组小鼠创面组织中PTP1B和AGEs mRNA相对表达量显著低于模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY联合IGF-1组(P<0.01)。模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY联合IGF-1组小鼠创面组织中PDGF、VEGF、α-SMA、collagen I、PTP1B及AGEs mRNA相对表达量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高剂量SY干预组小鼠创面组织中Ki-67和PCNA蛋白相对表达量显著高于模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY联合IGF-1组(P<0.01);caspase-3、caspase-6、caspase-7、p85 PI3K及p-AKT蛋白相对表达量显著低于模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY联合IGF-1组(P<0.01)。模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY联合IGF-1组中Ki-67、PCNA、caspase-3、caspase-6、caspase-7、p85 PI3K及p-AKT蛋白相对表达量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高剂量SY干预组小鼠创面组织中TNF-α、IL-1β及IL-6水平显著低于模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY联合IGF-1组(P<0.01)。模型组、低剂量SY干预组、高剂量SY联合IGF-1组小鼠创面组织中TNF-α、IL-1β及IL-6水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高剂量SY干预可通过提高血管生成、胶原形成及细胞增殖,降低胰岛素抵抗、炎症反应和细胞凋亡来促进小鼠DFU创面愈合,其机制可能与抑制PI3K/AKT通路有关。

基于网络药理学和分子对接研究红花黄色素延缓衰老的作用机制

目的使用网络药理学和分子对接方法探究红花黄色素延缓衰老作用。方法利用PubChem、PharmMapper、SwissTargetPrediction和TargetNet数据库查询红花黄色素相关基因;借助Uniprot数据库查询红花黄色素化合物对应基因名称;Cytoscape 3.9.0构建化合物-靶点网络;通过GeneCards、OMIM、TTD、DisGeNET和DrugBank数据库筛选衰老相关基因;取交集获取红花黄色素-衰老共同基因;利用R软件(clusterProfiler包)和微生信平台对交集靶点基因进行GO和KEGG通路富集分析;采用Cytoscape 3.9.0软件进行化合物-靶点-通路网络构建与可视化分析;绘制蛋白互作(protein proteininteraction,PPI)网络并获取核心基因;通过TRRUST和MetaScape数据库进行转录因子及相关调控基因富集;利用LeDock和PyMOL软件对化合物与核心靶点基因行分子对接;最后,利用DisGeNET数据库获取靶点类型信息。结果得到386个红花黄色素作用相关基因,913个衰老相关基因,两者交集靶点共71个。富集分析显示共涉及129条信号通路及1519种生物过程、107种分子功能、71种细胞组分;靶点主要涉及糖尿病并发症中的AGE-RAGE信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶-蛋白激酶B信号通路、癌症蛋白聚糖通路、MAPK信号通路,获得STAT3、PIK3CA、TP53、EP300、VEGFA、EGFR、PTPN11、JUN、CCND1和PTPN110个节点基因、53个相关转录因子;分子对接显示,红花黄色素4种化合物SYA、SYB、HSYA、AHSYB与核心靶点之间均具有稳定的结合能力;作用靶点类型主要涉及激酶、转录因子、信号分子、核酸结合蛋白、酶调制器等类型。结论红花黄色素抗衰老的作用是多靶点和多途径的,与衰老相关靶点共有71个交集靶基因,对这些靶基因进行GO功能富集分析,发现红花黄色素延缓衰老的基因功能;并进行KEGG通路富集分析,发现红花黄色素延缓衰老是一个多重复杂的过程,并且通过调节多个信号通路共同发挥作用。这为实验室及临床进一步探究药物抗衰老作用的机制提供了一定依据。

果胶酶处理对红花黄印花蚕丝织物性能的影响

为了解决天然染料印花织物手感风格恶化的技术问题,分析了手感变差的原因。采用果胶酶对红花黄色素印花织物进行处理,测试了处理前后印花织物的形貌、透气性、吸水性、弯曲刚度以及接触舒适性等指标。研究表明,红花黄印花色浆中添加单宁酸可以有效提升耐光色牢度,而织物上残留的果胶、多糖等化合物将影响织物的手感风格;采用果胶酶处理印花织物,果胶酶用量2 g/L,在pH为4、50℃下处理3 h,可以有效去除残留物质,织物的透气性和吸水性提升,降低织物的刚性和粗糙度,提升平滑性,改善织物的综合手感。

醌式查尔酮的化学成分与药理活性研究进展

醌式查尔酮属于黄酮类化合物,广泛存在于红花中,少数被发现于其他植物。在过去的几十年里,共发现了47个醌式查尔酮类化合物,研究表明其具有广泛的药理活性,如抗炎、抗凝血、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等活性。近年来,与其相关的药物研究与开发利用也引起了极大关注,尤其是以羟基红花黄色素A为代表的醌式查尔酮碳苷类化合物,目前已被开发成红花注射剂等药物用于临床治疗。但由于存在口服生物利用度低以及不良反应等问题,在实际应用过程中仍受到限制。该文旨在总结醌式查尔酮类化合物的化学成分与药理活性研究进展,重点介绍其相关现代药理活性研究,指出醌式查尔酮类化合物现代应用的局限性,以期为醌式查尔酮的进一步开发利用提供参考。

Safflower yellow injection combined with conventional therapy in treating unstable angina pectoris:a meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the clinical efficacy of safflower yellow injection combined with conventional therapy in treating unstable angina pectoris.METHODS： We searched online databases： Chinese journal full-text database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, Chinese journal full-text database, Pubmed, ScienceDirect,Embase, and the Cochrane Library with manual-screening of relevant literature. Eligible randomized controlled trials（RCT） on angina pectoris were included. We conducted meta-analysis using the RevMan 5.1 software from The Cochrane Collaboration. We treated the relief rate of angina symptoms and electrocardiograph（ECG） as evaluation.RESULTS： Seven articles, including in 1134 patients, were enrolled after the evaluation. Therewas no significant heterogeneity among the studies（χ2=1.08, df=6, P=0.98, I2=0%）. The safflower yellow injection with conventional therapy has a higher effective rate than the control group in relieving the symptoms of angina pectoris [odds ratio（OR）=2.95, 95%（CI）（1.81, 4.81）] and improving ischemic ECG [OR=2.85, 95% CI（1.67, 4.86）]. The difference was statistically significant in the ＂80 mg dosage＂ and ＂100 mg dosage＂ subgroups（P0.05） for improving clinical symptoms and ECG. The funnel graphic was nearly symmetrical. Sensitivity analysis suggested that the results were stable.CONCLUSION： Safflower yellow injection as an adjunct therapy with conventional drugs shows advantages in easing the clinical symptoms of unstable angina and improving ECG over basic therapy alone. However, the conclusions should be interpreted with care until more high-quality RCTs are reported.

穴位注射红花黄色素联合四逆酸枣仁合方在首发中风后不寐(肝郁血虚型)患者中的应用效果

目的 研究穴位注射红花黄色素联合四逆酸枣仁合方在首发中风后不寐(肝郁血虚型)患者中的应用效果。方法 选取158例首发中风后不寐(肝郁血虚型)患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为常规组、观察组,每组各79例。在常规西药治疗的基础上,常规组行穴位注射红花黄色素治疗,观察组行穴位注射红花黄色素联合四逆酸枣仁合方治疗,两组均治疗4周。比较两组治疗4周后的临床疗效和治疗前、治疗4周后中医证候积分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、脑卒中专用生活质量(SS-QOL)量表评分、血清神经递质水平、血清核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)、促食欲素A水平,以及不良反应发生率。结果 治疗4周后,观察组临床总有效率高于常规组(P<0.05);观察组中医证候积分、PSQI和血清去甲肾上腺素、P物质、NF-κB、促食欲素A水平均低于常规组,SS-QOL量表评分和血清多巴胺、5-羟色胺水平高于常规组(均P<0.05);两组不良反应总发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 穴位注射红花黄色素联合四逆酸枣仁合方治疗首发中风后不寐(肝郁血虚型)患者疗效显著,可有效地缓解临床症状,调节神经递质水平,促进病情恢复。